List of people involved in the Fort Lee lane closure scandal explained

The Fort Lee lane closure scandal, also known as the George Washington Bridge lane closure scandal or Bridgegate,[1] [2] is a U.S. political scandal in which a staff member and political appointees of New Jersey Governor Chris Christie colluded to create traffic jams in Fort Lee, New Jersey, by closing lanes at the main toll plaza for the upper level of the George Washington Bridge. The closures were intended to embarrass or anger Fort Lee Mayor Mark Sokolich who had not supported Christie politically.[3] [4]

Three people were eventually charged by Paul J. Fishman, the United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey. A Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ) official, David Wildstein, pleaded guilty in the case and is cooperating with prosecutors. Bill Baroni, the former deputy executive director of the PANYNJ, and Bridget Anne Kelly, former deputy chief of staff to Governor Christie, were charged with conspiracy and fraud and entered pleas of not guilty.[5]

Fishman also compiled a list of unindicted co-conspirators, parties who were aware of the closures at the time they took place or involved in a possible cover-up but who were not charged, which was not made public.[6] [7] The release of the names of so-called co-conspirators has been a matter of controversy in and of itself.[8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] and was taken up by Judge Susan Davis Wigenton of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey and United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.[14] While the names have been made available to attorneys, they have not been made public pending proceedings.[15] [16] [17] [18] Another list, of others "who may have had knowledge of the conspiracy or took actions that happened to further its goals" but did not join the conspiracy, came to light in judicial proceedings in March 2016.[19] Despite the release of some documents after the trial the names of unindicted co-conspirators were not released.[20] [21]

In testimony given in September 2016, Wildstein said that among those who knew of the lane closures either before or while they were taking place or were made aware of attempts at a cover-up were Governor Christie, political advisors Bill Stepien and Michael DuHaime, and PANYNJ staff David Samson, Pat Schuber, and Philip Kwon.[22]

Key people

width=150Person[23] !width=450Role !width=500Notes
Port Authority (PA)
Deputy Executive Director
(Appointed by Christie) 		Resigned on December 13, 2013; was David Wildstein's supervisor, has been accused of collaborating in the planning and cover-up of the toll lane closures.
Executive director
(Appointed by Governor of New York Andrew Cuomo) 		Wrote email critical of closures and ordered re-opening of the local toll lanes on September 13, 2013.
Chairman of the PA Board of Commissioners
(Appointed by Christie)
Partner in Wolff & Samson law firm 		Was involved in the aftermath, as shown in a series of subpoenaed written communications; Samson's law practice generated complaints of conflict of interest with his PA role; resigned on March 28, 2014.
Director of Interstate Capital Projects
(Recommended by Christie; hired by and worked under Baroni)[24] 		Ordered PA staff to close the lanes and make no disclosures to Fort Lee officials or the public. Resigned on December 13, 2013. His position was eliminated on February 4, 2014.[25]
Office of the Governor
Claimed no knowledge of his aides' involvement until he read about it in the media on January 8, 2014; a law firm hired by Christie cleared him of involvement, but it has been widely criticized.
Press Secretary to Christie Responded to media inquiries at the governor's office and at the PA. Testified before a federal grand jury on April 4, 2014.
Director of the Authorities Unit Received the Foye email on September 13, 2013; was scheduled to replace O'Dowd if his nomination to State Attorney General was confirmed by the NJ Senate.
Deputy Chief of Staff for Legislative and Intergovernmental Affairs Authored August 13, 2013, email to Wildstein: "Time for some traffic problems in Fort Lee"; fired by Christie on January 9, 2014.
Chief Counsel to Christie Ran December 2013 investigation into governor's office's involvement (with O'Dowd); became director of NJSDA that month and was replaced by Christopher Porrino;[26] purportedly the "Charlie" in subpoenaed texts and emails.
Chief of Staff to Christie Ran governor's office investigation (with McKenna); nominated in December 2013 for State Attorney General; January confirmation hearing was postponed due to potential conflict since he ran Christie's investigation.
Christie's political consultant and election campaign manager (including governor elections in 2009 and 2013); Former Deputy Chief of Staff for intergovernmental affairs (prior to Fort Lee scandal events) Removed by Christie on January 8, 2014, as political adviser, and nominee for Republican Party State Chairman for NJ, due to the tone of his comments in subpoenaed emails. Stepien then worked for FLS Connect (a Republican voter contact consulting firm in Minnesota with previous ties to Christie),[27] and for GOPAC (a Republican 527 organization).[28]
State and federal investigators
Opened an inquiry in January 2014; in 2009, sworn into his position, which had been held by Christie in 2008.
To assist the committee in the legal aspects of their investigation; Jenner & Block, Schar's law firm, represented Assembly Democrats in New Jersey's legislative redistricting battles of 2011 and 2001.[29]
Co-chair of a joint special investigative committee for the New Jersey Legislature State Senate majority leader (Democrat); On January 27, 2014, the New Jersey Senate and Assembly voted to create a joint committee in order to take over the investigation from the Assembly Transportation Committee.
Co-chair of a joint special investigative committee for the New Jersey Legislature and chair of Assembly Transportation Committee Deputy speaker and Democratic member of the Assembly; started committee hearings in November 2013 and subpoenaed documents that identified key figures and their actions in the toll lane closures and alleged cover-up.

Legal representation for key people and organizations

width=150Client[30] [31] !width=450Legal representatives !width=500Notes and key credentials
Port Authority (PA)
Himmel was the attorney for Solomon Dwek, who was as an informant in Operation Bid Rig III that brought down several New Jersey politicians[33]
Michael Chertoff, "senior of counsel" at the Washington, D.C. law firm Covington & Burling;
Angelo J. Genova,[34] senior partner, chairman, and co-founder of the Newark law firm Genova Burns LLC 		Chertoff is a former United States Attorney and Secretary of Homeland Security; his consulting firm received a Port Authority no-bid contract to review its security; Genova had served on the PA Board of Commissioners[35]
Alan L. Zegas, a criminal defense attorney, at Chatham, New Jersey-based Law Offices of Alan L. Zegas[36]
Geoffrey S. Berman, co-managing shareholder of the New Jersey office of Greenberg Traurig, LLP[37] [38] Berman worked as an assistant United States attorney for the Southern District of New York in the early 1990s and was the associate counsel to the independent prosecutor investigating Iran-Contra for the government during the late 1980s.[39]
Office of the Governor
Christie's Office of the Governor (and five staff members) Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher, including partner Randy M. Mastro, based in the firm's New York office[40] Hired in January 2014, after disclosure of subpoenaed documents from the New Jersey Transportation Committee, in order to aid in an investigation for the governor's office and respond to "appropriate" official inquiries[41]
Michael Critchley, Sr.,[42] founder of the Roseland, New Jersey-based firm Critchley, Kinum & Vazquez Replaced Walter F. Timpone, who cited a conflict of interest as Christie's appointed vice-chairman of the Election Law Enforcement Commission[43]
Kevin Marino,[44] a principal and founder of Chatham, New Jersey-based Marino, Tortorella & Boyle[45]
Other persons or organizations
Christie's 2013 re-election campaign Patton Boggs, including partner Mark D. Sheridan, in Newark[46] [47] until that office closes and moves to Florham Park, New Jersey[48] Official name for re-election campaign was Chris Christie for Governor Inc.
Patton Boggs, including partner Mark D. Sheridan The firm serves as general counsel for the Republican State Committee
Donohue, to be paid by Fort Lee, has represented public officials in state and federal jury trials. Mayor Sokolich acquiesced to the request by the borough attorney and council for this "prudent" arrangement as a contingency.[49]

New Jersey Legislative Select Committee on Investigation

On January 21, 2014, Assemblyman John S. Wisniewski and State Senate majority leader Loretta Weinberg, whose district includes Fort Lee, announced that the Senate and Assembly committee investigating the matter would merge into the bi-partisan joint New Jersey Legislative Select Committee on Investigation, which they would co-chair and would have 12 members. While the committee initially focused on the Bridgegate scandal, it had the power to investigate other allegations against the Christie administration.[50] [51] On January 24, 2014 the members of the bi-partisan committee were announced; eight Assembly representatives, including five Democrats and three Republicans, and four Senators, including three Democrats and one Republican. At the time, 40% of the members of the New Jersey Legislature were Republican. Besides the two Democratic co-chairs, members included Assemblywoman Marlene Caride (D-Bergen), Assemblyman Michael Patrick Carroll (R-Morris), Senator Nia Gill (D-Essex), Senator Linda Greenstein (D-Middlesex), Assembly Majority Leader Louis Greenwald (D-Camden), Assemblywoman Amy Handlin (R-Monmouth), Assemblywoman Valerie Huttle (D-Bergen), Assemblywoman Holly Schepisi (R-Bergen), Assemblywoman Bonnie Watson Coleman (D-Mercer), and an unnamed Republican Senator.[52] On January 27, both houses voted unanimously to combine the investigations,[53] maintaining the partisan balance, and announced Kevin O'Toole's (R-Essex) inclusion[54] despite his mention in a December 5 email from Wildstein to Michael Drewniak.[55] Assemblyman Paul D. Moriarty (D-4th Legislative) District subsequently replaced Watson.[56]

United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey

In some cases the United States Attorney for the District of New Jersey asked the Legislative Select Committee on Investigation to delay in calling witnesses in connection with its own investigations in the lane closures and other matters.[57] [58]

Governor's Office staff subpoenaed by the Joint Legislative Committee

Governor's Office staff subpoenaed by the Joint Legislative Committee[59] [60]
Office of the Governor Custodian of Records Also subpoenaed by US Attorney[61] [62]
Jeanne Ashmore Director of Constituent Relations
Maria Comella Communications Director
Senior Counsel to the Authorities Unit Requested by US Attorney Office to postpone taking testimony
Spokesman, Governor's Office Testified May 13, 2014[63]
Testified April 4, 2014 in US Attorney Office investigation[64]
incoming Chief of Staff Testified July 17, 2014.[65] [66] [67] [68]
Rosemary Iannacone Director of operations
former Deputy Chief of Staff 5th amendment
Paul Matey Deputy Chief Counsel
former Chief Counsel to the Governor Requested by US Attorney's Office to postpone taking testimony
Chief of Staff Testified June 9, 2014[69] [70] [71]
Barbara Panebianco Executive Assistant to Bridget Anne Kelly
Chief Counsel
Colin Reed Spokesman
Director of Departmental Relations, Governor's Office Testified May 6, 2014[72] [73] [74]
Evan J. Ridley Aide, Office of Intergovernmental Affairs

Christie for Governor and campaign associates subpoenaed by the Joint Legislative Committee

Governor's Office staff subpoenaed by the Joint Legislative Committee
Christie for Governor, Inc re-election campaign
political adviser to Christie [75] [76]
Nicole Davidman GOP fundraiser [77]
Matt Mowers Campaign staff
Former Aide, Office of Intergovernmental Affairs 		Testified May 20, 2014[78]
former Campaign Manager for Christie
Deputy Chief of Staff, Office of the Governor		5th amendment

PANYNJ officials invited to testify/subpoenaed by the NJ Legislature committees

PANYNJ officials interviewed/subpoenaed by the NJ Legislature committees
Deputy Executive Director Interviewed (not under oath) November 25, 2013 Assembly Transportation Committee[79] [80]
Video and testimony documents subpoenaed by US Attorney January 2015.[81] [82]
Matthew Bell Special assistant to Baroni
Steve Coleman Deputy Director of Media Relations
Phillipe Danielides Senior Adviser to Chairman [83] Requested by US Attorney Office to postpone taking testimony
Gretchen DiMarco Assistant to Baroni
Robert Durando General manager GWB Testimony (not under oath) December 9, 2013 Assembly Committee on Transportation[84]
Director Testimony (not under oath) December 9, 2014 (not under oath) Assembly Transportation Committee[85]
Testimony Select Committee on Investigations postponed at request of US Attorney[86] [87]
Cedrick Fulton Director of Bridges, Tunnels and Terminals Testimony (not under oath) December 9, 2013 Assembly Committee on Transportation[88]
Deputy General Counsel Requested by US Attorney Office to postpone taking testimony
Subpoenaed by US Attorney
Cristina Lado Director for Government and Community Affairs
John Ma Chief of Staff to Foye
Mark Muriello Assistant director of Tunnels, Bridges and Terminals
Paul Nunziato PA police officer and PBA president Requested by US Attorney Office to postpone taking testimony
Chairman Initially complied with release of some documents later cited Fifth Amendment[89] [90] [91]
Commissioner Testified June 3, 2014, Select Committee on Investigations[92]
Arielle Schwarz Special assistant to David Wildstein
Director of Interstate Capital Projects Documents submitted December 19, 2013[93]
Testimony January 9, 2015 Assembly Transportation Committee citing Fifth Amendment[94]

See also

Notes and References

  1. News: Harry . Bruinius . Bridge-gate: Key figure says Chris Christie knew about lane closures (+video). Christian Science Monitor . January 31, 2013. February 2, 2014.
  2. News: Christie campaign seeks funds to cover Bridgegate legal costs. . January 26, 2014. February 2, 2014.
  3. Web site: The backstory of Christie's 'Bridgegate' scandal. January 10, 2014. USA Today. February 2, 2014.
  4. Web site: Bridgegate prosecutors want to keep secret 1.5 M pages of documents. NJ.com. May 13, 2016.
  5. Web site: Bridgegate prosecutors: Wildstein to testify he told Christie of lane closings. November 5, 2016.
  6. https://www.nytimes.com/live/chris-christie-bridgegate-scandal/looming-question-are-there-unindicted-co-consirators/Zernike, Kate, May 1, 2015, The New York Times, Looming Question: Are There Unindicted Co-Conspirators?
  7. Web site: Bridgegate prosecutor: Conspirators' names should be kept secret for now. NJ.com. May 13, 2016.
  8. Web site: Bridgegate: Media groups seeking second list of others tied to scandal. NJ.com. May 13, 2016.
  9. Web site: 11th hour motion by 'John Doe' seeks to block release of Bridgegate names. NJ.com. May 13, 2016.
  10. Web site: GWB scandal: Co-conspirators' names due today, but 11th hour objection seeks to block release. DUSTIN RACIOPPI. NorthJersey.com. May 16, 2016.
  11. Web site: Judge denies bid to shield GWB list. PAUL BERGER. NorthJersey.com. May 16, 2016.
  12. Web site: Bridgegate: News media says 'John Doe' should have come forward sooner. NJ.com. May 18, 2016.
  13. Web site: Bridgegate names to remain secret for now, court rules. NJ.com. May 18, 2016.
  14. Web site: List of GWB names blocked again; judge sets hearing on IDs of alleged co-conspirators for June. PAUL BERGER. NorthJersey.com. May 25, 2016.
  15. Web site: Bridgegate: Court rules 'John Doe' arguments should be public. NJ.com. May 25, 2016.
  16. Web site: GWB scandal: Unsealed docs show John Doe wanted federal appeals court hearing closed to public. PAUL BERGER. NorthJersey.com. May 25, 2016.
  17. Web site: Sherman. Ted. Read the Bridgegate brief to block disclosure of unindicted co-conspirators. NJ.com. 27 May 2016. 12 May 2016.
  18. Web site: Opinion: The Real Significance of the Unindicted Co-Conspirator - NJ Spotlight. November 5, 2016.
  19. Web site: Person on bridge conspiracy list wants it kept from public. May 12, 2016. Philly.com. May 16, 2016.
  20. Web site: Feds agree to release new Bridgegate trial documents. NJ.com. October 26, 2017.
  21. Web site: Bridgegate records to stay sealed, for now, judge says. NorthJersey.com. October 26, 2017.
  22. News: Sherman . Ted and Arco, Matt . Who knew about Bridgegate? Six and counting, Wildstein says . The Star-Ledger . September 28, 2016 . September 28, 2016.
  23. News: Ted. Mann. Bridge Players: A scandal over a traffic jam involves a wide cast of player. January 17, 2014. The Wall Street Journal. January 23, 2014. Article includes pictures of many of the key figures.
  24. News: Ex-blogger is Governor Christie's eyes, ears inside the Port Authority. The Record. Woodland Park, New Jersey. March 4, 2012. July 7, 2014.
  25. News: Strunsky. Steve. Port Authority eliminates 'director' job created for Wildstein. February 6, 2014. The Star-Ledger . Newark, NJ . February 5, 2014.
  26. News: Portnoy. Jenna. Chris Christie names new state comptroller, chief counsel. The Star-Ledger. Newark, NJ . December 19, 2013. January 29, 2014.
  27. News: Goldman. Jeff. Bill Stepien scores job at GOP consulting firm, report says. March 18, 2014. The Star-Ledger. March 18, 2014.
  28. News: Friedman. Matt. Bridge scandal: Former Christie aide Bill Stepien is working for Republicans again. September 5, 2014. The Star-Ledger. September 2, 2014.
  29. News: Isherwood. Darryl. Bridgegate attorney's firm has past ties to state Democrats, state records show. January 30, 2014. The Star-Ledger . Newark, NJ. January 29, 2014.
  30. News: Baxter. Christopher. Christie bridge scandal: Recipients of 18 new subpoenas revealed. The Star-Ledger . Newark, NJ . February 10, 2014. February 10, 2014.
  31. News: Akin. Stephanie. Giuliani is Christie's strongest defender amid the GWB scandal. The Record. Woodland Park, NJ. February 10, 2014. March 13, 2014. (See table at end of article with list of twenty, and their legal reps, who received subpoenas due February 3, 2014, from the legislative committee.)
  32. Web site: Michael B. Himmel. Lowenstein Sandler. January 24, 2014.
  33. News: Who's footing the bill for former executives' 'Bridgegate' attorneys? The Port Authority's not saying. Isherwood. Darryl. December 19, 2013. January 24, 2014. CNN.
  34. Web site: Angelo J. Genova. Genova Burns Giantomasi Webster. January 24, 2014.
  35. News: Shawn. Boburg. Port Authority chairman hires former Homeland Security chief as attorney in GWB probe. The Record . Woodland Park, NJ . January 19, 2014. January 24, 2014.
  36. Web site: Alan L. Zegas profile. Law Offices of Alan L. Zegas. January 24, 2014. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20131206202536/http://zegaslaw.com/page53/page53.html. December 6, 2013. mdy-all.
  37. News: Isherwood. Darryl. Bridge scandal grand jury subpoenas Port Authority attorney with ties to Christie. July 15, 2014. NJ.com. May 1, 2014. Isnerwood-2014-05-01.
  38. Web site: Geoffrey S. Berman profile. Greenberg Traurig. July 13, 2014.
  39. News: Heather. Haddon. Grand Jury Investigating George Washington Bridge Scandal Subpoenas Phillip Kwon. Wall Street Journal . March 22, 2011. July 13, 2014.
  40. Web site: Randy M. Mastro. Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher. January 24, 2014.
  41. News: Boburg. Shawn. Christie office to pay $650 an hour for defense attorney in GWB lane-closure probes. The Record . Woodland Park, NJ. January 31, 2014. January 31, 2014.
  42. Web site: Michael Critchley, Sr. profile. Critchley, Kinum & Vazquez. January 24, 2014.
  43. News: Shawn. Boburg. GWB scandal: Ex-Christie aide Bridget Anne Kelly hires new lawyer. The Record . Woodland Park, NJ. January 22, 2014. January 24, 2014.
  44. Web site: Kevin H. Marino. Marino, Tortorella & Boyle. January 24, 2014.
  45. News: Ted. Mann. Heather. Haddon. Former Christie Campaign Manager Retains Attorney. The Wall Street Journal. January 15, 2014. January 24, 2014.
  46. News: Terkel. Amanda. U.S. Attorney Subpoenas Chris Christie Campaign Documents. The Huffington Post. January 23, 2014. January 24, 2014.
  47. Web site: Mark D. Sheridan. Patton Boggs. January 24, 2014.
  48. News: Isherwood. Darryl. Patton Boggs set to shutter Newark office. February 25, 2014. February 25, 2014.
  49. News: Tat. Linh. Fort Lee provides mayor an attorney for GWB probes. February 7, 2014. The Record. February 6, 2014.
  50. News: Heather. Haddon. Joint Committee to Investigate Bridge Lane Closure Controversy. The Wall Street Journal. January 27, 2014. February 13, 2014.
  51. News: Linhorst. Michael. N.J. Assembly, Senate merge panels investigating GWB scandal. January 22, 2014. The Record . Woodland Park, NJ . January 21, 2014.
  52. News: Johnson. Brent. Bridge scandal: Members of NJ investigative committee are announced. The Star-Ledger . Newark, NJ . January 24, 2014. January 25, 2014.
  53. Web site: New Jersey Legislature - Bills. May 13, 2016.
  54. News: Giambusso. David. Bridge scandal: NJ lawmakers combine two investigations into one. The Star-Ledger . Newark, NJ . January 27, 2014. January 27, 2014.
  55. News: Livio. Susan. NJ Sen. President Stephen Sweeney won't challenge GOP appointment to GWB panel. The Star-Ledger . Newark, NJ . January 28, 2014. January 28, 2014.
  56. Web site: New Jersey Legislature Committees and Membership 2014-2015 Legislative Session . New Jersey Legislature . March 10, 2015.
  57. Web site: Lawmakers Press Christie Aide on Her Texting About Lane Closings in Bridge Scandal. July 18, 2014. The New York Times. May 13, 2016.
  58. News: Haddon . Heather . U.S. Attorney Tells N.J. Legislature to Not Talk to Bridge Scandal Witnesses . The Wall Street Journal . July 17, 2014 . March 10, 2015 . Mr. Fishman's requests focused heavily on Port Authority officials. He asked the committee not to speak to the agency's executive director, Patrick Foye, a New York appointee who ended the lane closures when he discovered them, and Nicole Crifo, the governor's counsel in a unit devoted to public authorities. Mr. Fishman had also said the committee needed to wait on the Port Authority's deputy executive director, Deborah Gramiccioni; Philip Kwon, the agency's deputy chief counsel who helped officials prepare for questioning from lawmakers; Philippe Danielides, a senior adviser to the authority's former chairman David Samson; and the agency's police union president, Paul Nunziato..
  59. News: Schoonejongen . John . Handy primer on GWB panel's subpoenas . Asbury Park Press . June 4, 2014 . December 6, 2014.
  60. News: Johnson . Brent . Christie bridge scandal panel leaders seek 13 new subpoenas, report says . The Star-Ledger . June 27, 2014 . December 7, 2014.
  61. News: Isherwood . Daryl . Governor's office receives federal subpoena in bridge scandal . The Star-Ledger . February 3, 2014 . March 12, 2015.
  62. News: McShane . Larry . Gov. Chris Christie reelection campaign subpoenaed for federal 'Bridgegate' probe . The Daily News . January 23, 2014 . December 6, 2014.
  63. News: Schoonejongen . John . Column: Drewniak's testimony points to administration's flaws . Asbury Park Press . May 14, 2014 . December 6, 2014.
  64. News: Linhorst . Michael . Report: Christie spokesman testifies before federal grand jury in GWB probe . The Record . April 4, 2014 . December 7, 2014.
  65. Web site: Chris Christie's Incoming Chief of Staff, Regina Egea, Says She Deleted Bridge-Related Texts to Governor - WSJ. Josh Dawsey. July 18, 2014. The Wall Street Journal. May 13, 2016.
  66. News: editorial . The tale of the missing Bridgegate texts: Editorial . The Star-Ledger . July 21, 2014 . July 21, 2014.
  67. News: Zernikejuly . Kate . Lawmakers Press Christie Aide on Her Texting About Lane Closings in Bridge Scandal . The New York Times . July 17, 2014 . July 21, 2014.
  68. News: Johnson . Brent . Christie bridge scandal report asks: Why were texts between governor, aide deleted? . The Star-Ledger . December 6, 2014 . December 6, 2014.
  69. News: Baxter . Christopher . Christie chief of staff says Bridget Kelly insisted she had no role in lane closings . The Star-Ledger . June 9, 2014 . September 23, 2014.
  70. News: Baxter . Christopher . Christie chief of staff says he raised few questions about bridge scandal . The Star-Ledger . June 8, 2014 . December 6, 2014.
  71. News: Symons . Michael . Three takeaways from Kevin O'Dowd's testimony . Asbury Park Press . June 10, 2014 . December 6, 2014.
  72. News: Magyar . Mark J. . Analysis: Renna Testifies on Fear and Politics in Governor's Office . NJ Spotlght . May 7, 2014 . December 5, 2014.
  73. Web site: Ex-aide said Christie 'flat out lied' about staff's knowledge of Bridgegate, court filing says. November 5, 2016.
  74. Web site: Stile: Text vs. testimony in GWB case. Charles. Stile. November 5, 2016.
  75. News: Elise Young & Terrence Dopp . Christie Top Political Aide DuHaime Served With Subpoena . Bloomberg . May 7, 2014 . December 12, 2014.
  76. Web site: GWB inquiry expands scope, subpoenas files from Christie political strategist. MELISSA HAYES. NorthJersey.com. May 13, 2016.
  77. News: Isherwood . Darryl . The wrong Nicole? Assembly committee erred when it subpoenaed wife of Christie spokesman, source says . The Star-Ledger . January 22, 2014 . December 6, 2014.
  78. News: Linhorst . Michael . Hayes . Melissa . Mowers, former Christie aide, 'disheartened and disappointed' by GWB lane closures . The Record . May 20, 2014 . December 12, 2014.
  79. Web site: Committee Meeting of Assembly Transportation, Public Works and Independent Authorities Committee . New Jersey Legislature . November 25, 2013 . March 10, 2015.
  80. News: Phillis . Michael . Port Authority breaks silence on George Washington Bridge delays . The Record . November 25, 2013 . March 10, 2015.
  81. News: Arco . Matt . U.S. attorney subpoenas Baroni testimony in Christie bridge scandal probe . The Star-Ledger . January 8, 2015 . March 10, 2015.
  82. Web site: Brush . Chase . Baroni testimony subpoenaed by federal prosecutors in Bridgegate investigation . PolitickerNJ . January 8, 2015 . March 10, 2015.
  83. News: Strunsky . Steve . Aides to Port Authority officials who resigned after GWB scandal are now gone, too . The Star-Ledger . June 13, 2014 . March 10, 2015.
  84. Web site: Committee Meeting of Assembly Transportation, Public Works and Independent Authorities Committee . New Jersey Legislature . December 9, 2014 . March 10, 2015.
  85. News: Mann . Ted . Port Authority Chief Testifies in George Washington Bridge Flap Patrick Foye Says Lane Changes Were Ordered by Christie Ally, Who Has Resigned . The Wall Street Journal . December 9, 2013 . March 10, 2015.
  86. News: Baxter . Christopeher . Bridge scandal testimony from Port Authority leader postponed . The Star-Ledger . May 28, 2014 . March 10, 2015.
  87. News: Haddon . Heather . Testimony Postponed for Port Authority Leader Who Reversed Bridge Lane Closures . The Wall Street Journal . May 28, 2014 . March 10, 2015.
  88. News: Strunsky . Steve . Port Authority official says GWB lane closure process was unprecedented . The Star-Ledger . December 9, 2015 . March 10, 2015.
  89. News: Boburg . Shawn . Samson takes the fifth in GWB inquiry; won't cooperate with legislative panel . The Record . May 2, 2014 . March 10, 2015.
  90. Web site: Baxter. Christopher. Bridge scandal records reveal hands-on David Samson at Port Authority. NJ.com. February 24, 2014. February 24, 2014.
  91. News: Strunsky . Steve . Feds rescind subpoena to Port Authority Chairman David Samson . The Star-Ledger (Newark, NJ) . March 10, 2014 . March 11, 2014.
  92. Web site: Katz . Matt . Port Authority -- Or Politburo? . WNYC NJ Public Radio . June 3, 2014 . December 12, 2014.
  93. Web site: Bridgegate Fall Guy Was Inside Man. May 13, 2016.
  94. Web site: Committee Meeting of Assembly Transportation, Public Works and Independent Authorities Committee . New Jersey Legislature . January 9, 2014 . March 10, 2015.

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