List of papal relatives created cardinal explained

This is a list of papal relatives created cardinal by a pope other than their relative. These creates are similar to cardinal-nephews but this list does not include cardinals included in the list of cardinal-nephews

List

Cardinal	"Nephew" of	Elevator	Elevated	Notes
Giovanni Aniceo (relative)	Gregory I	Pelagius II	circa 580
Pope Paul I (brother)^[1]	Stephen II	Pope Zachary	Before 750	Future Pope Paul I
Romano Marin^[2]	Pope Marinus I	Pope Nicholas I	cira 867
Cristoforo (relative)^[3]	Leo V	Sergius III	circa 904-911
Leone (brother)	Pope Leo VI	Pope John XI	circa 931-936	Future Pope Leo VII
Pietro Ruffino (nephew)^[4]	Paschalis II	Callixtus II	9 March 1118
Gregorio della Suburra (nephew)^[5]	Anastasius IV	Innocent II	1 March 1140	His relationship with Anastasius IV is not explicitly confirmed in the contemporary sources^[6]
Giovanni Paparoni^[7] ^[8]	Pope Innocent II	Pope Celestine II	17 December 1143
Giovanni Caccianemici (nephew)^[9]	Lucius II	Celestine II	17 December 1143
Cinzio Papareschi	Pope Innocent II	Pope Adrian IV	14 March 1158	Credibility of the evidence for his relationship with Innocent II is uncertain^[10]
Graziano da Pisa (nephew)^[11]	Eugenius III	Alexander III	4 March 1178
Bobo (relative)^[12]	Celestine III	Lucius III	18 December 1182
Ottaviano di Paoli (or Conti) (relative)	Innocent III	Lucius III	18 December 1182	Cardinal's nephew married the niece of Innocent III^[13]
Bobo (relative)	Celestine III	Clement III	12 March 1188
Alessio Capocci (nephew)^[14]	Anastasius IV	Clement III	12 March 1188	His relationship with Anastasius IV is unconfirmed^[15]
Gregorio Bobone (nephew)^[16]	Celestine III	Clement III	22 September 1190
Guido Papareschi (relative)^[17]	Innocent II	Clement III	22 September 1190
Pietro de Morra (relative)	Gregory VIII	Innocent III	18 December 1204	His relationship with Gregory VIII and the surname de Morra are not proven^[18]
Tommaso da Capua^[19]	Pope Honorius IV	Pope Innocent III	5 March 1216
Aldobrandino Orsini^[20]	Pope Celestine III	Pope Honorius III	December 1216
Goffredo da Castiglione	Pope Urban III	Pope Gregory IX	18 September 1227	future Pope Celestine IV; his relationship with Urban III is disputed^[21]
Pietro Capocci^[22]	Pope Honorius III	Pope Innocent IV	28 May 1244
Matteo Orsini Rosso^[23]	Pope Nicholas III	Pope Urban IV	22 May 1262	Not to be confused with Senator Matteo Rosso Orsini
Napoleone Orsini Frangipani	Pope Nicholas III	Pope Nicholas IV	16 May 1288
Francesco Napoleone Orsini	Pope Nicholas III	Pope Boniface VIII	12 December 1295
Luca Fieschi^[24]	Pope Adrian V	Pope Boniface VIII	2 March 1300
Giovanni Gaetano Orsini^[25]	Pope Nicholas III	Pope John XXII	17 December 1316
Gaillard de la Mothe^[26]	Pope Clement V	Pope John XXII	17 December (or 18), 1316
Jean de Carmin	Pope John XXII	Pope Clement VI	17 December 1350
Gilles Aycelin de Montaigu	Pope Clement VI	Pope Innocent VI	17 September 1361
Guillaume d'Aigrefeuille	Pope Clement VI	Pope Urban V	12 May 1367
Francesco Carbone Tomacelli^[27]	Boniface IX	Urban VI	17 December 1384	Cardinal Carbone's mother married a brother of Pope Boniface IX in second nuptials, after the death of the cardinal's father
Giovanni Domenico de Cupis^[28]	Pope Julius II	Pope Leo X	1 July 1517	the son of the mother of Julius II's illegitimate daughter, Felice della Rovere
Agostino Spinola (grandnephew)^[29]	Pope Sixtus IV	Pope Clement VII	3 May 1527
Alessandro Sforza^[30]	Pope Paul III	Pope Pius IV	12 March 1565
Giovanni Aldobrandini (brother) ^[31]	Pope Clement VIII	Pope Pius V	17 May 1570
Roberto Ubaldini^[32]	Pope Leo XI	Pope Paul V	2 December 1615
Francesco Boncompagni	Pope Gregory XIII	Pope Gregory XV	19 April 1621	Grandson of Gregory XIII^[33]
Ippolito Aldobrandini (grandnephew) ^[34]	Pope Clement VIII	Pope Gregory XV	19 April 1621
Carlo Barberini^[35]	Pope Urban VIII	Pope Innocent X	23 June 1653	Grand-nephew of Pope Urban VIII, son of Taddeo Barberini
Felice Rospigliosi^[36]	Pope Clement IX	Pope Clement X	16 January 1673
Benedetto Pamphili (grandnephew)^[37]	Pope Innocent X	Pope Innocent XI	1 September 1681
Francesco Pignatelli^[38]	Pope Innocent XII	Pope Clement XI	17 December 1703
Alessandro Albani (cousin)^[39]	Pope Clement XI	Pope Innocent XIII	16 July 1721
Domenico Orsini d'Aragona^[40]	Pope Benedict XIII	Pope Benedict XIV	9 September 1743
Andrea Corsini (grandnephew)	Pope Clement XII	Pope Clement XIII	24 September 1759
Gabriele della Genga Sermattei	Pope Leo XII	Pope Gregory XVI	1 February 1836

References

• Thomson, John A.F. 1980. Popes and Princes, 1417-1517: Politics and Polity in the Late Medieval Church. Boston: George Allen & Unwin. .
• Williams, George L. 2004. Papal Genealogy: The Families and Descendants of the Popes. McFarland. .
• J. M. Brixius, Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130-1181, Berlin 1912
• R. Hüls, Kardinäle, Klerus und Kirchen Roms: 1049-1130, Tübingen 1977
• H.W. Klewitz, Reformpapsttum und Kardinalkolleg, Darmstadt 1957
• B. Zenker, Die Mitglieder des Kardinalkollegiums von 1130 bis 1159, Würzburg 1964
• K. Ganzer, Die Entwicklung des auswärtigen Kardinalats im hohen Mittelater, Tübingen 1963
• W. Maleczek, Papst und Kardinalskolleg von 1191 bis 1216, Vienna 1984
• K. Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica, vol. I-IX, Münster 1913
• I.S. Robinson, The Papacy 1073-1198. Continuity and Innovation, Cambridge University Press 1990
• A. Paravicini Bagliani, Cardinali di curia e "familiae" cardinalizie dal 1227 al 1254, 2 vols. Padova 1972

Notes and References

1. Web site: Salvador Miranda (historian) . Miranda . Salvador . General list of Cardinals 8th Century (701-795): Paul I (757-767) . The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church . Florida International University. 53276621.
2. Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "9th Century (795-900)."
3. Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "10th Century (900-999)."
4. Brixius, p. 48 and 81; Klewitz, p. 219; Zenker, p. 88.
5. B. Zenker, p. 48-51, has proven that he was not created only by his uncle Anastasius IV, as was affirmed in the older historiography, but is identical to cardinal-priest Gregorio of S. Maria in Trastevere, created by Innocent II in 1140, while Anastasius IV only promoted him to the rank of cardinal-bishop of Sabina. See also Maleczek, p. 248-249.
6. Brixius, p. 112
7. Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "12th Century (1099-1198)."
8. Walter Holtzmann (ed.): Italia Pontificia. Vol. IX (Samnium, Apulia, Lucania), Berlin 1962, p. 40
9. Brixius, p. 50 no. 7
10. Brixius, p. 58 and 114, and Zenker, p. 218, trust this evidence; more sceptical is Maleczek, p. 248 note 283.
11. Maleczek, p. 71
12. Maleczek, p. 249.
13. Maleczek, p. 80
14. S. Miranda Consistory of 1188.
15. H. Tillmann, "Ricerche sull'origine dei membri del collegio cardenalizio nel XII secolo. II/2. Identificazione dei cardinali del secolo XII di provenienza Romana", Rivista di Storia della Chiesa in Italia, vol. XXIX, 1975, p. 380
16. Maleczek, p. 98 and 249.
17. Maleczek, p. 99 and 249.
18. Maleczek, p. 150
19. https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1261.htm#Savelli The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church – Biographical Dictionary – Consistory of 17 December 1261
20. Matthias Thumser, Aldobrandino Orsini (1217-1221), ein Kardinal Honorius' III., Römische historische Mitteilungen, vol. 32-33, Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1990, p. 46.
21. Paravicini Bagliani, I, p. 33; http://www.genealogie-mittelalter.de/paepste/coelestin_4_papst_+_1241.html
22. Paravicini Bagliani, p. 301
23. Williams, 2004, p. 37.
24. Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "13th Century (1198-1303)."
25. https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1244.htm#Orsini ORSINI, Giovanni Gaetano (ca. 1210/1220-1280)
26. Miranda, Salvador. 1998. "14th Century (1303-1404)."
27. https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1384.htm#Carbone Consistory of 17 December 1384
28. Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "Consistory of 1 July 1517."
29. Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "Consistory of 3 May 1527 (I)."
30. Miranda, Salvador. 1998. "16th Century (1503-1605)."
31. Salvator Miranda "Consistory of 17 May 1570."
32. Mirandas, Salvator. 1998. "Consistory of 2 December 1615 (VI)."
33. Web site: Marek . Miroslav . Genealogy of the Boncompagni family . Genealogy.EU.
34. Salvator, Miranda. 1998. "Consistory of 19 April 1621 (I)."
35. Salvator, Miranda. 1998. "Consistory of 23 June 1653 (I)."
36. Salvator, Miranda. 1998. "Consistory of 16 January 1673 (I)."
37. Salvator, Miranda. 1998. "Consistory of 1 September 1681 (I)."
38. Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "Consistory of 17 December 1703 (I)."
39. Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "Consistory of 16 July 1721 (I)."
40. Miranda, Salvator. 1998. "18th Century (1700-1799)."