List of orthopedic implants explained

An orthopedic implant is a medical device manufactured to replace a missing joint or bone, or to support a damaged bone.^[1] The medical implant is mainly fabricated using stainless steel and titanium alloys for strength and the plastic coating that is done on it acts as an artificial cartilage.^[2] The biodegradable metals in this category are magnesium-based ^[3] and iron-based alloys, though recently zinc has also been investigated.^[4] Currently, the uses of bioresorbable metals are as fracture fixation implants^{[5] [6] [7] [8]} Internal fixation is an operation in orthopedics that involves the surgical implementation of implants to repair a bone.^{[9] [10]} During the surgery of broken bones through internal fixation the bone fragments are first reduced into their normal alignment then they are held together with the help of internal fixators such as plates, screws, nails, pins, and wires.^{[11] [12]}

Eponymous implants and their uses

• Austin-Moore prosthesis for fracture of the neck of the femur^[13]
• Baksi's prosthesis for elbow replacement^[14]
• Charnley prosthesis for total hip replacement^[15]
• Condylar blade plate for condylar fractures of the femur^[16]
• Ender's nail for fixing intertrochanteric fracture^[17]
• Grosse-Kempf nail for tibial or femoral shaft fracture^[18]
• Hansson pin (or LIH for Lars Ingvar Hansson), a hook-pin used for fractures of the femoral neck^[19]
• Harrington rod for fixation of the spine^[20]
• Hartshill rectangle for fixation of the spine^[21]
• Insall Burstein prosthesis : for total knee replacement^[22]
• Richard N.W. Wohns interspinous implant and implantation instrument intended to be implanted between two adjacent dorsal spines^[23]
• Kirschner wire for fixation of small bones^[24]
• Kuntscher nail for fracture of the shaft of the femur^[25]
• Luque rod: for fixation of the spine^[26]
• Moore's pin for fracture of the neck of the femur
• Neer's prosthesis for shoulder replacement^[27]
• Rush nail for diaphyseal fractures of a long bone^[28]
• Smith-Petersen nail for fracture of the neck of femur
• Smith-Petersen nail with McLaughlin's plate for intertrochanteric fracture
• Seidel nail for fracture of the shaft of the humerus^[29]
• Souter's prosthesis for elbow replacement^[30]
• Steffee plate for fixation of the spine^[31]
• Steinmann pin for skeletal traction^[32]
• Swanson prosthesis for the replacement of joints of the fingers^[33]
• Talwalkar nail for fracture of radius and ulna^[34]
• Thompson prosthesis for fracture of the neck of the femur^[35]

Branded Systems

		Waldemar Link	DePuy Synthes	Vast Ortho	Stryker	Smith & Nephew	Biomet	Orthofix	Zimmer
Elective	Total Hip Replacement	Lubinus SP II		Austin MooreBipolar Thompson	ExeterAccolade
	Hip hemiarthroplasty
	Hip resurfacing					Birmingham
	Total Knee Replacement	GeminiEndo-Model	SigmaAttune		TriathlonScorpio	JourneyLegion Genesis II	VanguardVanguardXP		NexGenPersona
	Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty^[36]	Sled					Oxford
	Shoulder/Elbow/Ankle Replacement
Trauma	Femoral Nail		Expert LFN/RAFN/ALFNPFNA TFN	PFNAPFNA II TFN	Gamma nail^[37]	Intertan nail^[38]			ZNN System, NCB System
	Tibial Nail		Expert tibia nail	Tibia Nail	T2 tibia nail				ZNN System, NCB System
	External fixation			Ilizarov RingClamp Trocar	Hoffmann II	Taylor spatial frameIlizarovJET-X		TrueLok HexGalaxy
	Locking Plates (LCP)			2.4mm Locking2.7mm Locking 3.5mm Locking 4.5/5.0mm Locking
	Angled Plates			Angle Blade PlateCondylat Plate DHC, DCS Jewett Nail Plate
	Spine			Anterior Cervical PlateMonoaxial Screws Polyaxial Screws Cages Mesh

Research progress

A surface engineering method was developed for biodegradable magnesium alloys to enhance orthopedic implants.^[39]

See also

• CNT Bio-Stress Sensors

References

Szczęsny, G., Kopec, M., Politis, D. J., Kowalewski, Z. L., Łazarski, A., & Szolc, T. . A Review on Biomaterials for Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology: From Past to Present . 2022 . 15 . 10 . 3622 . Materials . 10.3390/ma15103622 . free . 35629649 . 9145924 . 2022Mate...15.3622S .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Orthopedic Implants. Wordpress. 12 August 2012.
2. Web site: About Orthopedic Implants. Wordpress. 12 June 2014.
3. Saberi . A. . Bakhsheshi-Rad . H.R. . Karamian . E. . Kasiri-Asgarani . M. . Ghomi . H. . Magnesium-graphene nano-platelet composites: Corrosion behavior, mechanical and biological properties . Journal of Alloys and Compounds . 821 . 2020 . 10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.153379 . 153379. 214172320 .
4. Kong . Lingyun . Heydari . Zahra . Lami . Ghadeer Hazim . Saberi . Abbas . Baltatu . Madalina Simona . Vizureanu . Petrica . A Comprehensive Review of the Current Research Status of Biodegradable Zinc Alloys and Composites for Biomedical Applications . Materials . 16 . 13 . 2023-07-03 . 1996-1944 . 37445111 . 10343804 . 10.3390/ma16134797 . free . 4797. 2023Mate...16.4797K .
5. Liu . JunRu . Wang . XueYi . Saberi . Abbas . Heydari . Zahra . The effect of Co-encapsulated GNPs-CNTs nanofillers on mechanical properties, degradation and antibacterial behavior of Mg-based composite . Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials . 138 . 2023 . 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105601 . 105601. 36493612 . 254343106 .
6. Zhao . Jinguo . Haowei . Ma . Saberi . Abbas . Heydari . Zahra . Baltatu . Madalina Simona . Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Encapsulated Magnesium-Based Nanocomposites to Improve Mechanical, Degradation and Antibacterial Performances for Biomedical Device Applications . Coatings . 12 . 10 . 2022-10-20 . 2079-6412 . 10.3390/coatings12101589 . free . 1589.
7. Zhang . Hongwei . Saberi . Abbas . Heydari . Zahra . Baltatu . Madalina Simona . Bredigite-CNTs Reinforced Mg-Zn Bio-Composites to Enhance the Mechanical and Biological Properties for Biomedical Applications . Materials . 16 . 4 . 2023-02-17 . 1996-1944 . 36837310 . 9965178 . 10.3390/ma16041681 . free . 1681. 2023Mate...16.1681Z .
8. Amirzade-Iranaq . Mohammad Taher . Omidi . Mahdi . Bakhsheshi-Rad . Hamid Reza . Saberi . Abbas . Abazari . Somayeh . Teymouri . Nadia . Naeimi . Farid . Sergi . Claudia . Ismail . Ahmad Fauzi . Sharif . Safian . Berto . Filippo . MWCNTs-TiO2 Incorporated-Mg Composites to Improve the Mechanical, Corrosion and Biological Characteristics for Use in Biomedical Fields . Materials . 16 . 5 . 2023-02-25 . 1996-1944 . 36903033 . 10004407 . 10.3390/ma16051919 . free . 1919. 2023Mate...16.1919A .
9. Lakatos . Ronald . General Principles of Internal Fixation: History of Fracture Treatment, Fracture Repair Biology, Pins, Wires, and Screws . Medscape Reference . 2023-04-10 .
10. Web site: Internal Fixation Definition. MedicineNet. 12 August 2012.
11. Web site: Types of Orthopedic Implants. gpcmedical. 12 August 2012.
12. Web site: Lakatos. Ronald. History of fracture treatment. Medscape. 12 August 2012.
13. Frank E. . Stinchfield . Bernard . Cooperman . Cyril E. . Shea . Replacement of the Femoral Head by Judet or Austin Moore Prosthesis . The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery . 13475404 . 1957 . 39-A . 5 . 1043–58. 10.2106/00004623-195739050-00005 .
14. 10.1007/s00264-008-0595-y . Prosthetic replacement of elbow in postburn bony ankylosis: Long-term results . 2008 . Baksi . D. P. . Pal . A. K. . Chatterjee . N. D. . Baksi . Debadyuti . International Orthopaedics . 33 . 4 . 1001–7 . 18629497 . 2898993.
15. 8550682 . 1996 . Neumann . Lars . Freund . Knud Gade . Sørensen . K. Harry . Total Hip Arthroplasty with the Charnley Prosthesis in Patients Fifty-five Years Old and Less. Fifteen to Twenty-one-Year Results . 78 . 1 . 73–9 . The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery . https://archive.today/20130415033252/http://www.jbjs.org/article.aspx?volume=78&page=73 . dead . 2013-04-15 . 10.2106/00004623-199601000-00010 . 30505982 .
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23. Web site: Interspinous Implant And Implantation Instrument . Freshpatents.com . 2015-05-15.
24. Web site: Franssen. BBJM. Kischner Wire. 12 August 2012.
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29. Encyclopedia: Definition of Smith Pearson nail. Merriam Webster. 12 August 2012.
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32. Web site: Definition of Steinmann Pin. The Free Medical Dictionary. Farex.
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38. Web site: TRIGEN INTERTAN Intertrochanteric Antegrade Nail | Smith+Nephew - Corporate.
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