List of gig economy companies explained
The following is a list of gig economy companies. The list includes only companies that have been noted by sources as being former or current gig economy companies.
Background
The Congressional Research Service defines the "gig economy" as:
the collection of markets that match providers to consumers on a gig (or job) basis in support of on-demand commerce. In the basic model, gig workers enter into formal agreements with on-demand companies to provide services to company's clients. Prospective clients request services through an Internet-based technological platform or smartphone application that allows them to search for providers or to specify jobs. Providers (gig workers) engaged by the on-demand company provide the requested service and are compensated for the jobs.[1] [2]
In 2019, Queensland University of Technology published a report stating 7% of Australians participate in the gig economy.[3] 10% of the American workforce participated in the gig economy in 2018.[4] According to a 2019 Bank of Canada report, 18% of Canadians worked in the gig economy for non-recreational reasons.[5] Around 2018, 15% of China's workforce, representing over 110 million people, was involved in the gig economy.[4] In 2019, the World Bank estimated that globally, fewer than 0.5% of people in the "active labor force" take part in the gig economy.
List of gig economy companies
Accommodation
Caregiving
Delivery
Grocery
Food
Education
Company | Based in | Description |
---|
italki | | An online language learning platform |
VIPKid | | An online platform for Chinese students to receive lessons from fluent English-speaking teachers[70] | |
Knowledge Work (Freelancing platforms)
Business and technical services
Company | Based in | Description |
---|
Andela | | An online platform for training software programmers in Africa and connecting them with clients[74] |
Catalant | | A matchmaking platform for office work. Was formerly known as HourlyNerd[75] [76] |
Expert360 | | An online platform for matching independent business consultants with clients [77] |
Field Agent | | A platform for retailers to request in-store information from users |
Field Nation | | An online marketplace that matches IT and other freelancers with corporate clients[78] |
Gigster | | An online platform to complete software projects[79] |
Liveops | | An online platform offering call center services[80] [81] [82] |
Kaggle | | An online platform for data science competitions |
Managed by Q | | An online office management platform company |
PeoplePerHour | | An online freelancing platform |
Shiftgig | | An online staffing firm[83] |
Toptal | | An online freelancing platform |
Upwork | | An online freelancing platform | |
Creative services
Company | Based in | Description |
---|
99designs | | An online platform to connect graphic designers and clients[84] |
Crowdspring | | An online platform for creative services[85] |
Fiverr | | An online marketplace for freelance services[86] |
Tongal | | An online platform that connects businesses in need of creative work with writers and directors[87] | |
Home services
Health services
Company | Based in | Description |
---|
Nomad Health | | An online platform that joins freelance physicians and nurses with hospitals[103] [104] [105] [106] |
Pager | | An online platform that connects healthcare providers and patients |
Talkspace | | An online platform to connect to therapists[107] | |
Legal services
Retail
Transportation and parking
See also
References
- Footnotes
- Bibliography
- Book: Carter, Chris James . Martin . Lee . Wilson . Nick . 2018 . The Palgrave Handbook of Creativity at Work . Social Media and the Future of Creativity at Work . Cham, Switzerland . . 978-3-319-77349-0 . 2019-10-07 .
- Book: Cavallini, Gionata . Alessi . Cristina . Barbera . Marzia . Guaglianone . Luciana . 2019 . Impresa, lavoro e non lavoro nell'economia digitale . Foodora, Deliveroo & Co.: le fattispecie della gig-economy italiana, tra previsioni contrattuali ed effettive modalità di esecuzione del rapporto* . Italian . https://air.unimi.it/retrieve/handle/2434/543080/1022430/Cavallini%20-%20paper%20brescia%20- . Bari . . . 978-88-99068-51-6 . 2019-09-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190930010215/https://air.unimi.it/retrieve/handle/2434/543080/1022430/Cavallini%20-%20paper%20brescia%20- . 2019-09-30 .
- Book: English-Lueck, J.A. . 2017 . 2002 . Cultures@SiliconValley: Second Edition . Stanford . . 978-1-5036-0023-2 . 2019-09-29 .
- Book: Fishman, Stephen . Fitzpatrick . Diana . 2018 . Tax Guide for Gig Workers . Berkeley . . 978-1-4133-2603-1 . 2019-09-30 .
- Book: Gratton . Lynda . Scott . Andrew . 2016 . The 100-Year Life: Living and Working in an Age of Longevity . London . . 978-1-4729-3015-6 . 2019-10-07 .
- Book: Hall, Jo-Carby . Redinha . Maria Regina . Guimarães . Maria Raquel . Fernandes . Francisco Liberal . 2019 . The Sharing Economy: Legal Problems of a Permutations and Combinations Society . Innovatory Forms of Employment in the Twenty-First Century Versus Employment Status . Newcastle upon Tyne . Cambridge Scholars Publishing . 978-1-5275-2076-9 . 2019-09-30 .
- Book: Kennedy, Paul . 2016 . Vampire Capitalism: Fractured Societies and Alternative Futures . London . . 978-1-137-55265-5 . 2019-09-29 .
- Book: Madariaga . Javier . Buenadicha . Cesar . Molina . Erika . Ernst . Christoph . 2019 . Economía de plataformas y empleo: ¿Cómo es trabajar para una app en Argentina? . Buenos Aires . . 1121089882 . 2019-09-30 .
- Book: Manthorpe, Jonathan . 2020 . Restoring Democracy in an Age of Populists and Pestilence . Toronto . . 978-1-77086-583-9 . 2021-11-07 .
- Book: Massotte, Pierre . 2017 . Ethics in Social Networking and Business 2: The Future and Changing Paradigms . London . . 978-1-119-45703-9 . 2019-09-29 .
- Book: Mulcahy, Diane . 2016 . The Gig Economy: The Complete Guide to Getting Better Work, Taking More Time Off, and Financing the Life You Want . New York . . 978-0-8144-3734-6 .
- Book: Oppong, Thomas . 2018 . Working in the Gig Economy: How to Thrive and Succeed When You Choose to Work for Yourself . London . . 978-0-7494-8355-5 . 2019-09-23 .
- Book: Pagano . Michael A. . 2017 . Jobs and the Labor Force of Tomorrow: Migration, Training, Education . Urbana . . 978-0-252-04153-2 . 2019-09-29 .
- Book: Park, Hai-Woong . Sakamoto . Akiko . Sung . Johnny . 2018 . Skills and the Future of Work: Strategies for inclusive growth in Asia and the Pacific . New forms of business and increased nonregular forms of employment: Opportunity and challenge for skills for inclusion and innovation in the Republic of Korea . Bangkok . . 978-92-2-132306-8 . 2019-10-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191006095944/https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@asia/@ro-bangkok/@sro-bangkok/documents/publication/wcms_650239.pdf . 2019-10-06 .
- Book: Ravenelle, Alexandrea J. . 2019 . Hustle and Gig: Struggling and Surviving in the Sharing Economy . Oakland . . 978-0-520-30056-9 . 2019-09-30 .
- Book: Sinicki, Adam . 2018 . Thriving in the Gig Economy: Freelancing Online for Tech Professionals and Entrepreneurs . Bicester . . 978-1-4842-4089-2 . 2019-09-23 .
- Book: Udell . Chad . Woodill . Gary . 2019 . Shock of the New: The Challenge and Promise of Emerging Technologies . Alexandria, Virginia . . 978-1-947308-81-7 . 2019-09-29 .
- Book: Weltman, Barbara . 2018 . J.K. Lasser's Small Business Taxes 2018: Your Complete Guide to a Better Bottom Line . Hoboken . . 978-1-119-38041-2 . 2019-09-30 .
- Book: World Bank . 2019 . The Changing Nature of Work . Washington, DC . . 10.1596/978-1-4648-1328-3 . 978-1-4648-1328-3 . 169770934 . 2019-10-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191006085426/http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/816281518818814423/2019-WDR-Report.pdf . 2019-10-06 .
Further reading
- Web site: Donovan . Sarah A. . Bradley . David H. . Shimabbukuro . Jon O. . 2016-02-05 . What Does the Gig Economy Mean for Workers? . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190810053719/https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44365.pdf . 2019-08-10 .
Notes and References
- Web site: Donovan . Sarah A. . Bradley . David H. . Shimabbukuro . Jon O. . 2016-02-05 . What Does the Gig Economy Mean for Workers? . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190810053719/https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R44365.pdf . 2019-08-10 .
- Kalleberg . Arne L. . Arne L. Kalleberg . Dunn . Michael . 2016 . Good Jobs, Bad Jobs in the Gig Economy . 10–13, 74 . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923000856/http://michael-dunn.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/ALK-MD.-JQ-in-Gig-Economy.pdf . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Carey . Rachel . 2019-06-19 . The so-called 'gig economy' changing the Australian workforce . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923071703/https://www.sbs.com.au/news/the-so-called-gig-economy-changing-the-australian-workforce . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Rothschild . Viola . 2018-09-07 . China's Gig Economy is Driving Close to the Edge. . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923064655/https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/09/07/chinas-gig-economy-is-driving-close-to-the-edge/ . 2019-09-23 .
- Web site: Kostyshyna . Olena . Luu . Corinne . The Size and Characteristics of Informal ("Gig") Work in Canada . 3 . June 2019 . . 2019-10-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007081822/https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/san2019-6.pdf . 2019-10-07 .
- News: Gelles . David . 2018-11-06 . Give Gig Economy Workers Equity? The S.E.C. Is Considering It . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923002829/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/11/06/business/dealbook/gig-economy-equity-sec-rule-701-uber-airbnb.html . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Meyer . David . 2019-04-30 . Why Airbnb Could Escape the Uber Trap in Europe . . 2020-03-28 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191004135639/https://fortune.com/2019/04/30/airbnb-europe-uber-ecj-opinion/ . 2019-10-04 .
- Sanders . Donald E. . Pattison . Patricia . 2016-10-01 . Worker Characterization in a Gig Economy Viewed through an Uber Centric Lens . 26 . 1 . Southern Law Journal . . 2019-10-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007065631/https://www.questia.com/read/1P3-4305516551/worker-characterization-in-a-gig-economy-viewed-through . 2019-10-07 .
- News: Peng . Jenny . 2015-07-22 . Asia must get to grips with Airbnb and the growing 'gig economy' to make business competition fair . . 2019-09-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190929073952/https://www.scmp.com/comment/insight-opinion/article/1842776/asia-must-get-grips-airbnb-and-growing-gig-economy-make . 2019-09-29 .
- News: Overly . Steven . 2016-10-13 . Uber and Airbnb helped expand the gig economy. These researchers think they've measured how much. . . 2019-09-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190929075749/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/innovations/wp/2016/10/13/uber-and-airbnb-helped-expand-the-gig-economy-these-researchers-think-theyve-measured-how-much/ . 2019-09-29 .
- Web site: This July, HomeAway is becoming Vrbo — a single brand giving families even more ways to travel better together. . 2020-07-01 . homeaway.com . 2020-07-02 . 2020-07-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200702003050/https://www.homeaway.com/ . live .
- News: Jing . Meng . 2017-02-26 . Pots of gold await in China's gig economy: how mobile technology is transforming the world's biggest jobs market . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923064144/https://www.scmp.com/tech/china-tech/article/2073048/pots-gold-chinas-gig-economy . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Scheiber . Noam . Noam Scheiber . 2016-09-14 . Care.com Creates a $500 Limited Benefit for Gig-Economy Workers . . 2019-09-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190929014534/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/14/business/carecom-creates-a-500-limited-benefit-for-gig-economy-workers.html . 2019-09-29 .
- News: Kessler . Sarah . 2018-06-13 . The future of work will raise difficult questions. Are we prepared to confront them? . . 2019-09-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190929014245/https://qz.com/1304591/the-future-of-work-will-raise-difficult-questions-an-excerpt-from-gigged-by-sarah-kessler/ . 2019-09-29 .
- News: Said . Carolyn . 2017-11-22 . Nonprofit offers free course on how to do gig work . . 2019-10-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007051056/https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Nonprofit-offers-free-course-on-how-to-do-gig-work-12378761.php . 2019-10-07 .
- News: Bass . Debra D. . 2016-06-24 . Massage on-demand app comes to St. Louis . . 2020-02-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200216091641/https://www.stltoday.com/business/local/massage-on-demand-app-comes-to-st-louis/article_4f4ee185-afbf-5ff4-b2df-0cc18ebb7d8a.html . 2020-02-16 .
- News: Wen . Tiffanie . 2018-02-02 . The entourages of the travel elite . . 2020-02-16 . https://archive.today/20200216092025/https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20171130-the-health-hacks-of-elite-travellers . 2020-02-16 . live .
- News: Gee . Kelsey . 2017-08-08 . In a Job Market This Good, Who Needs to Work in the Gig Economy? . . 2019-09-23 . https://archive.today/20170808125819/https://www.wsj.com/articles/in-a-job-market-this-good-who-needs-to-work-in-the-gig-economy-1502184607 . 2017-08-08 . live .
- News: Ward . Marguerite . 2015-08-03 . How apps are transforming US trucking . . 2019-09-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190930042242/https://www.cnbc.com/2015/08/03/how-apps-are-transforming-us-trucking.html . 2019-09-30 .
- News: Butler . Sarah . 2018-09-26 . Uber and CitySprint among gig economy firms to face parliament . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923010912/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2018/sep/26/uber-and-citysprint-among-gig-economy-firms-to-face-parliament . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Chapman . Ben . 2018-04-06 . Gig economy union files £200,000 holiday pay claim against courier company CitySprint . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923011140/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/news/citysprint-gig-economy-union-iwgb-holiday-pay-claim-courier-employment-tribunal-a8292531.html . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Said . Carolyn . 2019-06-22 . Deliv switching California couriers to employees – 'start of a wave' . . 2019-09-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190930081744/https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Deliv-switching-California-couriers-to-employees-14029663.php . 2019-09-30 .
- News: Mims . Christophoer . 2019-05-04 . In a Tight Labor Market, Gig Workers Get Harder to Please . . 2019-09-30 . https://archive.today/20190930082137/https://www.wsj.com/articles/in-a-tight-labor-market-gig-workers-get-harder-to-please-11556942404 . 2019-09-30 . live .
- News: 2018-03-26 . DPD improves workers' rights after driver's death . . 2019-09-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190930014038/https://www.bbc.com/news/business-43545589 . 2019-09-30 .
- News: Rao . Mohit M . 2019-08-30 . The 'gig' economy is creating lakhs of jobs, but workers don't see a future . . 2019-09-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190930092349/https://www.thehindu.com/business/Economy/the-gig-economy-is-creating-lakhs-of-jobs-but-workers-dont-see-a-future/article29299673.ece . 2019-09-30 .
- News: Booth . Robert . 2017-05-12 . Royal Mail firm launches review after admitting it denied courier benefits: eCourier says it wrongly classified Demille Flanore as an independent contractor, thus denying him holiday and sick pay . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923011549/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/may/12/gig-economy-ecourier-admits-denying-courier-employment-benefits . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Cowan . Emery . 2018-03-26 . The good and the bad of gig work in Flagstaff . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923035950/https://azdailysun.com/news/local/the-good-and-the-bad-of-gig-work-in-flagstaff/article_705e0519-72e7-5b48-92de-ec24632ef864.html . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Wright . Robert . 2019-02-03 . Hermes couriers awarded union recognition in gig economy first . . 2019-09-23 . https://archive.today/20190923010254/https://www.ft.com/content/255950d2-264d-11e9-b329-c7e6ceb5ffdf . 2019-09-23 . live .
- News: 2020-06-16 . Socso hopes more gig workers will benefit from social protection [NSTTV] ]. . . 2021-03-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210301105901/https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2020/06/601164/socso-hopes-more-gig-workers-will-benefit-social-protection . 2021-03-01 .
- News: Bandeira . Luiza . 2019-07-02 . The gig economy is a double-edged sword for migrant workers: Is this the model for an economy that breeds unicorns? . . 2020-02-16 . https://archive.today/20200216092330/https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20200213-inside-the-homes-of-maximalists-and-minimalists . 2020-02-16 . live .
- News: Rueda . Manuel . 2019-07-29 . Venezuelan migrants propel billion-dollar delivery app: Rappi, like similar companies, has also come under criticism for its modern-day labour practices, which reflect some of the shortcomings of the gig economy. . . . 2020-02-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200216092740/https://www.batimes.com.ar/news/latin-america/venezuela-migrants-propel-billion-dollar-delivery-app.phtml . 2020-02-16 .
- News: Wyss . Jim . 2019-05-20 . How a Colombian billion-dollar delivery app became a lifeline for Venezuelan migrants . . 2020-02-16 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200216093045/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/venezuela/article230530169.html . 2020-02-16 .
- Morris . David Z. . 2018-01-15 . Why Empty Backseats May Be the Next Big Thing In Delivering Packages to Your Doorstep . . 2020-07-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200715065333/https://fortune.com/2018/01/15/last-mile-delivery-ups-fedex-roadie/ . 2020-07-15 .
- News: Kerr . Dara . 2017-12-20 . Hitching a ride with delivery app Roadie . . 2020-07-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200715065815/https://www.cnet.com/news/roadie-ludacris-hitching-a-ride-with-the-delivery-app-gig-economy/ . 2020-07-15 .
- News: Schwartz . Karen . 2019-07-03 . Have Work, Will Travel . . 2020-07-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200715065914/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/03/travel/travel-temporary-jobs.html . 2020-07-15 .
- News: Raymond . Art . 2018-05-07 . New gig economy service bringing groceries right to your door – in an hour . . 2019-09-29 . https://archive.today/20190929044820/https://www.deseret.com/2018/5/7/20644667/new-gig-economy-service-bringing-groceries-right-to-your-door-in-an-hour . 2019-09-29 . live .
- News: Finaldi . Laura . 2019-06-10 . 'Gig' economy workers in Sarasota-Manatee strive for higher pay . . 2019-09-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190929045444/https://www.palmbeachpost.com/news/20190610/gig-economy-workers-in-sarasota-manatee-strive-for-higher-pay . 2019-09-29 .
- News: Harnett . Sam . 2016-09-21 . Gig Companies Go Old School and Hire Workers . . 2019-09-23 . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923045257/https://www.kqed.org/news/11032310/gig-companies-go-old-school-and-hire-workers . live .
- News: Fernyhough . James . 2016-11-04 . Uber ruling has 'profound implications' for auto-enrolment . . 2019-09-30 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190930014617/https://www.ftadviser.com/Articles/2016/11/04/Uber-ruling-has-profound-implications-for-auto-enrolment . 2019-09-30 .
- News: Jacobs . Sherelle . Sherelle Jacobs . 2018-04-30 . The government must incentivise businesses to make the gig economy ethical . . 2019-10-07 . https://archive.today/20191005124827/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2018/04/30/government-must-incentivise-businesses-make-gig-economy-ethical/ . 2019-10-05 . live .
- News: 2020-12-17 . Zomato, Swiggy, Uber score least on fair working conditions for workers among all apps . . 2021-03-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210301112422/https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/zomato-swiggy-uber-score-least-fair-working-conditions-workers-among-all-apps-139773 . 2021-03-01 .
- News: 2018-03-12 . L'alveare che dice si, una rete al femminile. Chi ha detto che l'agricoltura è un mestiere maschile? . Italian . TeleAmbiente TV . 2019-09-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190929092147/https://www.teleambiente.it/lalveare-che-dice-si-spesa-prodotti-locali-agricoltura-donne/ . 2019-09-29 .
- News: Cheng . Kenneth . Ming . Toh Ee . 2017-05-19 . The Big Read: The unstoppable march of the gig economy . . 2021-03-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210301114025/http://www.todayonline.com/singapore/big-read-unstoppable-march-gig-economy . 2021-03-01 .
- News: Wei . Aw Cheng . 2019-05-13 . Honestbee can fly high again: Analysts . . 2021-03-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210301114004/https://www.sgsme.sg/news/startups/honestbee-can-fly-high-again-analysts . 2021-03-01 .
- News: Tims . Anna . 2017-11-19 . Gig economy ruling has Deliveroo riders without rights and buying their own kit . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923005831/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/nov/19/gig-economy-ruling-deliveroo-riders-equipment-basic-employment-rights . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Stone . Jon . 2019-04-17 . EU introduces new minimum rights for 'gig economy' workers like Uber drivers and Deliveroo riders . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923010420/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/eu-workers-rights-gig-economy-uber-deliveroo-training-a8874561.html . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Nuttall . Chris . 2019-02-28 . The takeaway on the gig economy . . 2019-09-23 . https://archive.today/20190923045743/https://www.ft.com/content/5935a768-3b81-11e9-b856-5404d3811663 . 2019-09-23 . live .
- News: Griswold . Alison . 2016-10-20 . Startups have a crazy new idea for saving money: Be nice to workers . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923003318/https://qz.com/785513/gig-economy-startups-like-juno-and-managed-by-q-are-hiring-employees-not-contractors/ . 2019-09-23 .
- News: Robb . Alice . 2018-10-30 . The people changing retirement with side hustles . . 2020-07-15 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200715055216/https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20181024-the-people-changing-retirement-with-side-hustles . 2020-07-15 .
- News: Sundararajan . Arun . Arun Sundararajan . 2015-07-26 . The 'gig economy' is coming. What will it mean for work? . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923035529/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jul/26/will-we-get-by-gig-economy . 2019-09-23 .
- News: 2019-06-30 . BofA Customers Strike $5M Deal In Overdraft Fee Battle . . non-recurring debit card transactions that originated from "gig economy" merchants, like Lyft, Grubhub, PicMonkey LLC, Eatstreet Inc. . 2019-10-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20191007043714/https://www.law360.com/articles/1167493/bofa-customers-strike-5m-deal-in-overdraft-fee-battle . 2019-10-07 .
- News: Borak . Marsha . 2019-05-10 . Before Uber, Didi drivers had their own strikes . Abacus News . . 2019-09-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190923062711/http://www.abacusnews.com/big-guns/uber-didi-drivers-had-their-own-strikes/article/3009646 . 2019-09-23 .
- Kessler . Sarah . 2016-04-06 . Could A Minimum Wage Work In The Gig Economy? Favor, an on-demand delivery startup with 10,000 drivers, has an unusual policy: a minimum wage. . . 2021-11-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211107120407/https://www.fastcompany.com/3058599/could-a-minimum-wage-work-in-the-gig-economy . 2021-11-07 .
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