List of oldest companies in the United States explained

This list of the oldest companies in the United States includes brands and companies, excluding associations, educational, government or religious organizations. To be listed, a brand or company name must remain, either whole or in part, since inception. To limit the scope of this list, only companies established before 1820 are listed. If the original name has since changed due to acquisitions or renaming, this must be verifiable. Entries in grey indicate that the companies have endured some significant change in their status or condition.

YearCompanyLocationFieldReferenceNotes
1613Shirley Plantationdata-sort-value="Virginia, Charles City County"Charles City County, VirginiaFarm[1] [2] [3]
1623Avedis Zildjian Companydata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Norwell"Norwell, MassachusettsMusic CompanyFounded in Istanbul, moved to the U.S. in 1929.
1632-33Tuttle's Red Barndata-sort-value="New Hampshire, Dover"Dover, New HampshireFarm[4] [5] [6]
1639Field View Farmdata-sort-value="Connecticut, Orange"Orange, ConnecticutFarm[7] [8]
1642Barker's Farmdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, North Andover"North Andover, MassachusettsFarm[9] [10] [11]
1648-1651, 1662 (as retail)Shirokiyadata-sort-value="Hawaii, Honolulu"Honolulu, HawaiiLacquer, Retail[12] [13] Founded in Tokyo, moved to the U.S. in 1958. Defunct in 2021.
1667Seaside Inndata-sort-value="Maine, Kennebunkport"Kennebunkport, MaineHotel[14] [15]
1670Hudson's Bay Companydata-sort-value="New York, New York City"New York CityRetail[16] Founded in England by Royal Charter, headquartered today in Toronto and New York City
1673White Horse Taverndata-sort-value="Rhode Island, Newport"Newport, Rhode IslandRestaurant[17] [18]
1680Saunderskilldata-sort-value="New York, Accord"Accord, New YorkFarm[19] [20]
1690Towle Silversmithsdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Boston"Boston, MassachusettsSilversmith[21] Absorbed by Lifetime Brands, Inc.
1702J.E. Rhoads & Sonsdata-sort-value="Pennsylvania; Marple"Marple, Pennsylvania (found.)Tannery[22] Closed 2009; now a brand of Mid Atlantic Industrial Belting Inc.
1705The John Stevens Shopdata-sort-value="Rhode Island, Newport"Newport, Rhode IslandStone carver[23]
1711Orchards of Concklindata-sort-value="New York, Pomona"Pomona, New YorkOrchard[24] [25]
1720sSmiling Hill Farmdata-sort-value="Maine, Westbrook"Westbrook, MaineFarm (and lumber mill since 1970s)[26] [27]
1725Pottstown Roller Milldata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Pottstown"Pottstown, PennsylvaniaGrain, Feed [28] [29] Now owned by Purina Mills.
1736Lakeside Millsdata-sort-value="North Carolina, Spindale"Spindale, North CarolinaCorn products
1741WD Cowlsdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Amherst"Amherst, MassachusettsLumber[30]
1752The Philadelphia ContributionshipPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaInsurance[31]
1752Caswell-Masseydata-sort-value="Rhode Island, Newport"Newport, Rhode Island (found.)Perfume[32] [33] Sold 2003–2007; re-branded 2017.
1760Lorillard Tobacco Companydata-sort-value="New York City"New York City (found.)Tobacco[34] [35] Defunct 2016; brand owned by Reynolds American.
1764–65Baker'sdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Dorchester"Dorchester, Massachusetts (found.)Chocolate, confectionery[36] Now a brand of Kraft Heinz.
1764The Hartford Courantdata-sort-value="Connecticut, Hartford"Hartford, ConnecticutNewspaper[37]
1767McCrady's Tavern and Long Roomdata-sort-value="South Carolina, Charleston"Charleston, South CarolinaRestaurantClosed 2020.[38]
1774Amesdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Chicopee"Chicopee, MassachusettsManufacturingBy 1907, the Ames foundries had been purchased by Chicopee's A.G. Spalding Company.[39]
1776The Griswold Inndata-sort-value="Connecticut, Essex"Essex, ConnecticutRestaurant and Hotel[40] [41] [42]
1778Dowse Orchardsdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Sherborn"Sherborn, MassachusettsFarm[43] [44]
1778The Greenbrierdata-sort-value="West Virginia, White Sulphur Springs"White Sulphur Springs, West VirginiaHotel[45] [46] [47]
1778Willow Grove Inndata-sort-value="Virginia, Orange"Orange, VirginiaHotel[48] [49] [50]
1779Old Talbott Taverndata-sort-value="Kentucky, Bardstown"Bardstown, KentuckyHotel[51]
1780Laird & Companydata-sort-value="New Jersey, Colts Neck Township"Colts Neck Township, New JerseyDistillery[52] [53] [54]
1782Levi Garrettdata-sort-value="New York City"New York City (found.)Chewing tobacco[55] [56] Now a brand of the American Snuff Company.
1783Rawle & Henderson LLPdata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaLaw firm[57]
1784D. Landreth Seed Companydata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (found.)Seeds[58] [59] [60]
1784Bank of New Yorkdata-sort-value="New York City"New York CityBank[61] [62] Merged 2007 into The Bank of New York Mellon.
1785Bixler'sdata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Allentown"Allentown, PennsylvaniaJewelry[63] [64] [65]
1785Turpin Farmsdata-sort-value="Ohio, Cincinnati"Cincinnati, Ohio (found.)Farm[66] [67]
1786Pittsburgh Post-Gazettedata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh"Pittsburgh, PennsylvaniaNewspaper[68] [69] [70] 1787HayesCoffee Apparently no longer extant? -->
1790King Arthur Flourdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Boston"Boston, Massachusetts (found.)Flour and baking[71] Now based in Norwich, Vermont.
1792Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taftdata-sort-value="New York City"New York CityLaw firm[72] [73]
1792Insurance Company of North Americadata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (found.)InsuranceNow Chubb Limited
1792New York Stock Exchangedata-sort-value="New York City"New York CityStock Exchange
1792Old Farmer's Almanacdata-sort-value="New Hampshire, Dublin"Dublin, New HampshireAlmanac[74] [75]
1792State Streetdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Boston"Boston, MassachusettsBanking
1794Baltimore Equitabledata-sort-value="Maryland, Baltimore"Baltimore, MarylandInsurance[76] [77]
1794Rochester Cablesdata-sort-value="Virginia, Culpeper"Culpeper, VirginiaCables[78] [79] Now a brand of TE Connectivity.
1794Warner Companydata-sort-value="Delaware, Wilmington"Wilmington, DelawareMining[80] [81] Defunct.
1795Murray, Draper, Fairman & Codata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaManufacturingMerged 1858 into the American Banknote Corporation
1795Dixondata-sort-value="New Jersey, Jersey City"Jersey City, New Jersey (found.)Pencils[82] [83] Now based in Lake Mary, Florida.
1795Jim Beamdata-sort-value="Kentucky, Clermont"Clermont, KentuckyDistillery
1796Shreve, Crump & Lowdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Boston"Boston, MassachusettsJewelry[84] [85] [86] Brownstone at 39 Newbury Street, Boston Massachusetts with Elevator (1-617-267-9100) Accessibility
1797The Birkett Millsdata-sort-value="New York, Penn Yan"Penn Yan, New YorkMill-Buckwheat products[87] [88] Based in Penn Yan, New York
1797Gruber's Hagerstown Town & Countrydata-sort-value="Maryland, Hagerstown"Hagerstown, MarylandAlmanack[89] [90]
1797Wayside Inndata-sort-value="Virginia, Middletown"Middletown, VirginiaHotel[91] [92]
1798Alan McIlvaindata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (found.)Sawmill[93] [94]
1798-1809Pratt-Readdata-sort-value="Connecticut, Ivoryton"Ivoryton, ConnecticutTools[95] [96] [97]
1798W. Rosedata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Blockley Township"Blockley Township, PennsylvaniaTools[98] [99]
1801Crane & Co.data-sort-value="Massachusetts, Dalton"Dalton, MassachusettsPapermakingNow a subsidiary of Crane Co.
1801Revere Copper Companydata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Canton"Canton, Massachusetts (found.)Copper Processing [100] Now based in Rome, New York.
1802DuPontdata-sort-value="Delaware, Wilmington"Wilmington, DelawareChemicalsMerged 2017 into DuPont de Nemours, Inc.
1806Colgatedata-sort-value="New York City"New York CityConsumer goods
1807Wileydata-sort-value="New York City"New York City (found.)PublisherNow based in Hoboken, New Jersey.
1810Black, Starr & Frostdata-sort-value="New York City"New York CityJeweler[101]
1810The Hartforddata-sort-value="Connecticut, Hartford"Hartford, ConnecticutFinancial
1811Pfaltzgraffdata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, York County"York County, PennsylvaniaTableware[102] Sold to Lifetime Brands, Inc. in 2005. Only Internet presence.
1811Davenport Petersdata-sort-value="Massachusetts, Boston"Boston, MassachusettsLumber[103] Defunct 1991.
1812City Bank of New Yorkdata-sort-value="New York City"New York CityBankNow Citigroup
1813ContiGroupdata-sort-value=" Belgium"Arlon (then Belgium.)FoodExpanded to the U.S. in 1921.
1813Seth Thomasdata-sort-value="Connecticut, Plymouth Hollow"Plymouth Hollow, ConnecticutClockmakerDefunct. Now a brand of CST Enterprises.
1815Louisville Stonewaredata-sort-value="Kentucky, Louisville"Louisville, KentuckyPottery
1816Hodgdon Yachtsdata-sort-value="Maine, East Boothbay"East Boothbay, MaineYachts
1816The York Water Companydata-sort-value="Pennsylvania, York"York, PennsylvaniaWater utility
1816Remingtondata-sort-value="New York, Ilion"Ilion, New YorkFirearms; typewriters
1816Stark Brothers Nurseries and Orchardsdata-sort-value="Missouri, Louisiana"Louisiana, MissouriFarm
1817Harperdata-sort-value="New York City"New York CityPublishingMerged 1989 into HarperCollins.
1817JB & Sondata-sort-value="Providence, RI"Providence, Rhode IslandApothecary/Druggist[104] |1873 renamed to The Claflin Company.|-|1818|Breck's|data-sort-value="Massachusetts, Boston"|Boston, Massachusetts (found.)|Flowers|[105] |Acquired by Gardens Alive!|-|1818|Libbey Incorporated|data-sort-value="Toledo, Ohio"|Toledo, Ohio|Glassware||Formerly Libbey Glass Company and New England Glass Company|-|1818|Brooks Brothers|data-sort-value="New York City"|New York City|The oldest apparel/clothing brand in continuous operation in the United States.[106] |Founder = Henry Sands Brooks|filed for bankruptcy protection in July 2020.[107] In September 2020 Brooks Brothers was purchased by a joint venture between Authentic Brands Group and Simon Property Group.[108] [109] ||- bgcolor="#cccccc"|1818|Brown Bros. & Co.|data-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Philadelphia"|Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (found.)|Bank||Merged 1931 into Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.|- bgcolor="#dddddd"|1818|Marshall Elevator|data-sort-value="Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh"|Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (found.)|Elevators||Acquired by Otis.|-|1819|Jacob Bromwell|data-sort-value="Ohio, Cincinnati"|Cincinnati, Ohio (found.)|Housewares||Incorporated on 1883.|-|1819|Cravath, Swaine & Moore|data-sort-value="New York City"|New York City|Law firm||}

See also

References

Notes and References

  1. News: After 378 years, NH family farm goes up for sale | World news . . August 1, 2010 . September 26, 2012 . Kathy . McCormack . London.
  2. News: Gowen . Annie . Nation & World | Virginia plantation owner angers neighbors . . . August 3, 2003 . September 26, 2012.
  3. News: History 'Lives' at Shirley Home . . January 1, 1975 . 1F . September 26, 2012.
  4. Web site: Bullock . Diane . These Are America's 10 Oldest Public Companies . Business Insider . January 12, 2012 . 30 March 2021 . This post originally appeared at Minyanville..
  5. News: Faye . Levow . The story of a red barn in Dover . . October 12, 2007 . March 28, 2012.
  6. News: Planning under way to save historic Tuttle Farm in Dover . . November 4, 2005 . March 28, 2012 . Marcus . Weisgerber.
  7. News: 350-Year-Old Farm Survives the Odds . . March 13, 1989 . March 28, 2012 . Kirk . Johnson.
  8. Web site: 7 Companies Older Than America . . July 3, 2012 . September 26, 2012.
  9. Web site: America's Oldest Family-Run Businesses . everest.edu . August 12, 2009 . January 22, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100609095706/http://news.everest.edu/post/2009/08/america-s-oldest-family-run-businesses . June 9, 2010 . dead .
  10. Web site: Family Business - The World's Oldest Family Companies . Griequity.com . Family Business . William T. . O'Hara . January 22, 2013.
  11. News: Cymbal of success. https://web.archive.org/web/20160215091809/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-75084263.html . dead . February 15, 2016 . . May 28, 2001 . January 22, 2013 .
  12. http://www.oldtokyo.com/shirokiya-department-store.html Old Tokyo: Shirokiya Department Store
  13. News: Shirokiya to close its doors in current Ala Moana location on March 31. 2016-03-25. Hawaii News Now. 2022-10-09. en-US.
  14. Web site: Shelley . Wigglesworth . Inside the Seaside . SeacoastOnline . . October 1, 2009 . September 26, 2012.
  15. Web site: FACES of the Kennebunks Online Exhibition . Brickstoremuseum.org . September 26, 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080828233431/http://www.brickstoremuseum.org/fotk_20.html . August 28, 2008 .
  16. Web site: About HBC . 2024-07-14 . Hudson's Bay Company.
  17. Web site: Festa . Jessica . The 3 Best Spots For A Drink In Newport, Rhode Island . Gadling.com . September 2, 2012 . September 26, 2012.
  18. News: Oldest Tavern Remains Dry . . Don . Guy . February 5, 1968 . September 26, 2012 . 5.
  19. Web site: Town of Rochester, NY . Town of Rochester Historic Farms event April 15th . Townofrochester.net . September 26, 2012.
  20. Web site: Red Tomato . Red Tomato . September 26, 2012.
  21. News: Executive Changes at Towle Announced . . May 11, 1974 . 10 . September 26, 2012.
  22. Web site: J. E. Rhoads & Sons, 2100 West Eleventh Street, Wilmington, New Castle County, DE. loc.gov. Library of Congress. January 31, 2018.
  23. Web site: Conversation: Stone Carver Nicholas Benson, 2010 MacArthur Fellow . PBS . October 8, 2010 . June 11, 2013 . Jeffrey . Brown.
  24. News: Our Towns: A Spirit Moves on the Land: Locally Grown Produce . . Peter . Applebome . November 26, 2008 . January 22, 2013.
  25. Web site: At The Farmer's Market: Orchards of Concklin . Nyack News and Views . August 3, 2011 . January 22, 2013 . Ariel . Brogno.
  26. Web site: Changing coming to dairy operation at Smiling Hill Farm . Keep Me Current . . Tess . Nacelewicz . July 29, 2010 . January 23, 2013 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100803060335/http://keepmecurrent.com/american_journal/news/article_83c2974c-96a9-11df-a8da-001cc4c03286.html . August 3, 2010 . dead .
  27. Whey cool! (great food) . https://web.archive.org/web/20150924142758/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-161135900.html . dead . September 24, 2015 . . Lindberg . Peter Jon . March 1, 2007 .
  28. News: The Mercury from Pottstown, Pennsylvania on September 14, 1977 · Page 20. Newspapers.com. 2017-10-09. en.
  29. News: The Mercury from Pottstown, Pennsylvania on October 1, 1966 · Page 38. Newspapers.com. 2017-10-09. en.
  30. Web site: Fred . Contrada . State announces historic conservation deal in Leverett, Shutesbury . . 2011-12-23 . 2015-07-24.
  31. Web site: History. 2020-08-24. The Philadelphia Contributionship. en-US.
  32. Web site: America's Oldest Companies | Oldest Companies in America . Business News Daily . February 2, 2012 . September 26, 2012 . Jeanette . Mulvey.
  33. Caswell-Massey thrives on history: history abounds in Caswell-Massey's Manhattan store. . https://web.archive.org/web/20160326230705/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-81009071.html . dead . March 26, 2016 . Household & Personal Products Industry . Veronica . MacDonald . December 1, 2001 .
  34. News: Son . Hugh . Thomas . Mulier . Loews to Spin Off Lorillard, Newport Cigarette Maker (Update8) . . December 17, 2007 . September 26, 2012.
  35. Loews Lets Lorillard Go . . December 17, 2007 . September 26, 2012 . Ruthie . Ackerman.
  36. https://books.google.com/books?id=sT0OAAAAIAAJ Committee of the Dorchester Antiquarian and Historical Society "History of the Town of Dorchester, Massachusetts", Boston, E. Clapp, Jr., 1859, page 627.
  37. Web site: The Oldest Continuously Published Newspaper – Today in History: October 29 . ConnecticutHistory.org . 2015-07-24.
  38. Web site: Moss . Robert F. . 2020-05-01 . A farewell to Minero and McCrady's . 2023-02-08 . Charleston City Paper . en-US.
  39. Book: Williams. David. New England Machinery Market. 17 January 1907. The Iron Age. 227. Volume 79. 6 April 2017.
  40. News: Oldest in Connecticut . Connecticut Post . 2016-05-01.
  41. News: Griswold Inn Wine Bar, Essex . The Hartford Courant . 2016-01-30 . 2016-05-01.
  42. News: The 10 Most Historic Restaurants and Inns in the World . Huffington Post . 2015-03-05 . 2016-05-01.
  43. Web site: To stay alive, area's remaining family farms fight and adapt - Framingham, MA . . Chris . Bergeron . September 19, 2011 . 3 . September 26, 2012.
  44. News: Pam Dowse turns out crisps in apple-pie order . . . Jane . Dornbusch . November 24, 2008 . September 26, 2012.
  45. CSX Hotels, Inc.: Private Company Information . https://archive.today/20130118194348/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=6477674 . dead . January 18, 2013 . . September 26, 2012.
  46. News: Schulz . Bill . West Virginia's Greenbrier resort is a Capitol idea . . January 11, 2009 . September 26, 2012.
  47. Web site: The Greenbrier's famous sulphur springs . . Brent . Watts . July 26, 2011 . September 26, 2012 . https://archive.today/20130209044002/http://articles.wdbj7.com/2011-07-26/water_29818821 . February 9, 2013 . dead .
  48. News: Stately Va. inn is chic, whimsical . . . Zofia . Smardz . June 12, 2011 . September 26, 2012.
  49. Web site: Orange County inn opens after major renovations . . October 8, 2010 . September 26, 2012 . Richard . Amrhine . https://archive.today/20130123171821/http://fredericksburg.com/News/FLS/2010/102010/10082010/580380 . January 23, 2013 . dead .
  50. News: Willow Grove Inn is Known For Its Virginia Cuisine . Cathy . Jett . . February 22, 1995 . September 26, 2012 . D1.
  51. Web site: History of the Talbott Tavern . Talbott Tavern - Historic Bardstown, KY . 26 June 2018.
  52. News: Good business . . May 24, 2001 . September 28, 2012.
  53. Web site: The Story Behind Laird's Applejack Brandy - Which Has Been Around Since the 1800s . . July 13, 2009 . September 28, 2012 . Karen Tina . Harrison.
  54. News: Finley . Bill . New Jersey And Company - Washington Slept After Drinking This . . April 10, 2005 . September 28, 2012.
  55. News: The Story of the Bank of New York; Oldest in New York and Second Oldest Recognized Bank in the Country.. The New York Times. 14 June 1909.
  56. News: Bank of New York to Buy Mellon Financial . Powell . Eileen Alt . . 4 December 2006 . 31 October 2017.
  57. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1992/06/05/Two-old-guard-law-firms-squabble-over-title-of-oldest/8136707716800/ "Two old-guard law firms squabble over title of oldest, by VIRGINIA MAIDA RANDALL", UPI, June 5, 1992. Retrieved August 1, 2019.
  58. Web site: Machan . Dyan . How Small Retailers Can Outgun the Big Chains . . August 28, 2012 . September 26, 2012.
  59. Web site: Holloway . Karel . Owner of D. Landreth Seed Co. calls on gardeners to save firm | Dallas-Fort Worth Home and Gardening . . September 14, 2011 . September 27, 2012.
  60. Web site: Names, not much else, new under sun . Annie . Calovich . . January 16, 2010 . September 27, 2012.
  61. News: Wallack. Todd. Which bank is the oldest? Accounts vary - The Boston Globe. Boston Globe. 20 December 2011.
  62. News: Bank of New York, Mellon complete merger . Patty Tascarella . . July 2, 2007 . 23 January 2015.
  63. Bixler's Jewelers: Private Company Information . https://archive.today/20130118162600/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=30148533 . dead . January 18, 2013 . . September 27, 2012.
  64. Web site: As America's oldest jewelry store prepares to close its Easton location, Black Friday traffic is phenomenal . . Sara K. . Satullo . November 29, 2008 . September 27, 2012.
  65. Web site: Bixler's Jewelers to Close Store in Easton . JCK . November 6, 2008 . September 27, 2012 . https://archive.today/20130128015006/http://www.jckonline.com/2008/11/06/bixlers-jewelers-to-close-store-easton . January 28, 2013 . dead .
  66. Web site: Suburbs close in on historic farm . . Andrea . Uhde . 2003-07-06 . 2015-07-29.
  67. Web site: History sprouts from family farms . . Randy . McNutt . 2003-03-16 . 2015-07-29.
  68. News: Tim . Schooley . Post Gazette announces new paid content Web site . . August 31, 2009 . September 27, 2012.
  69. Web site: World Almanac Databank . . July 29, 2008 . September 27, 2012.
  70. News: Pa. Paper Publishes Bicentennial Edition . . . September 17, 1986 . September 27, 2012 . 5A.
  71. Web site: The 2011 Inc. 5000: Top 10 Oldest Companies . . August 17, 2011 . September 26, 2012.
  72. News: Hoffman . Liz . David . Benoit . Cadwalader Hires New Partner as It Looks to Represent Activist Investors . . 2015-06-07 . 2015-07-24.
  73. Web site: Gordon . Michael . Rick . Rothacker . US Attorney Anne Tompkins heading to Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft . . 2015-02-25 . 2015-07-24.
  74. News: Thomas M. . Kostigen . Think almanacs can predict 2015 weather? Think again . . 2014-12-27 . 2015-07-24.
  75. Web site: Scott . Neuman . Decoding The Allure Of The Almanac . . 2012-03-02 . 2015-07-24.
  76. Book: Davis, Joseph Stancliffe. Essays in the Earlier History of American Corporations. 24 July 2015. 1 February 2013. The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. 978-1-58477-427-3. 236.
  77. News: Jimmy . DeButts . Human Capital with Equitable's Sharon Woodward - Baltimore Business Journal . . 2011-01-28 . 2015-07-24.
  78. Book: Powell, William S.. William S. Powell. Dictionary of North Carolina Biography: Vol. 3, H-K. https://books.google.com/books?id=gejhoRgwLXwC&pg=PA62. 24 July 2015. 9 November 2000. University of North Carolina Press. 978-0-8078-6713-6. 62. Hart.
  79. Web site: Vala . Vincent . Restoring history . . 2014-04-11 . 2015-07-24.
  80. Web site: Collection: Warner Company photographs | Hagley Museum and Library Archives.
  81. Web site: TEHS - Quarterly Archives.
  82. Web site: Sandra . Pedicini . . Heathrow pencil maker Dixon Ticonderoga says sales stay sharp . 2013-09-14 . 2015-07-24.
  83. Web site: Company Profile: Pencil Pusher . Mike . Vogel . . 2003-12-01 . 2015-07-24.
  84. News: Elkin named interim CEO of Shreve, Crump & Low . . 2005-09-09 . 2013-03-19.
  85. News: Rosenbloom . Stephanie . Open for Business - New York And Boston . . 2005-11-03 . 2013-03-19.
  86. News: Company hopes its cultured diamonds dazzle . Scott . Kirsner . . . 2003-11-03 . 2013-03-19.
  87. Book: Smith. Andrew F. Kraig. Bruce. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Food and Drink in America. 24 July 2015. 31 January 2013. Oxford University Press. 978-0-19-973496-2. 224.
  88. Web site: Birkett Mills plans pancake anniversary event . The Observer, Review & Express . 2012-08-31 . 2015-07-24.
  89. News: Divining the Weather, With Methods Old and New . Dan . Barry . 2012-12-09 . . 2015-07-24.
  90. Book: Yoder, Don. Groundhog Day. registration. 24 July 2015. 2003. Stackpole Books. 978-0-8117-0029-0. 48.
  91. News: Shuckburgh . Sarah . Virginia, USA: America's English side . . 2008-08-18 . 2015-07-24 . London.
  92. News: Obituary: Banker, Developer Leo M. Bernstein . Joe . Holley . . 2008-09-01 . 2015-07-24.
  93. Web site: Nelson . Kristi . Family Lumber Firm In 6th Generation Alan Mcilvain Co., One Of The State's Oldest Businesses, Has Logged Nearly 200 Years . . 1996-01-30 . 2015-07-29.
  94. News: Gretchen Mahlmann, Alan McIlvain III . . 2009-08-15 . 2015-07-29.
  95. News: Jacqueline . Palank . Connecticut's Second-Oldest Company Fights To Survive . . 2009-03-30 . 2015-07-29.
  96. News: Lomuscio . James . HAVENS - Weekender - Deep River, Conn. . . 2004-03-05 . 2015-07-29.
  97. Web site: Rob . Varnon . Workers hope for aid in closing . . 2010-06-25 . 2015-07-29.
  98. Web site: Kennedy . Joseph S. . For Nearly 200 Years, Its Trade Has Been Tools The W. Rose Tool Co. In Sharon Hill Takes Pride In Being Old-fashioned. . . 1992-08-20 . 2015-07-29.
  99. Web site: Andrew . Ward . 6 Firms That Have Been Building America for Over 200 Years . Daily Finance . 2014-08-06 . 2015-07-29.
  100. Book: Malcolm Holzman. A Material Life: Adventures & Discoveries in Materials Research. 2008. Images Publishing. 978-1-86470-211-8. 78–.
  101. News: The Oldest American Jeweler You've Never Heard of. Wall Street Journal . 28 January 2016 . WSJ.com . d'Souza . Nandini .
  102. Web site: Pfaltzgraff Co. Sold to Lifetime Brands . 2008-04-17 . Fischer . John . 2005-06-20 . Multichannel Merchant . Penton Media.
  103. Web site: Davenport, Peters Company Records . . 2005-01-01 . 2014-10-10.
  104. https://claflin.com/about-us/our-history/
  105. http://www.lib.udel.edu/ud/spec/exhibits/hort/seeds.htm Nursery Sample Books
  106. News: Brooks Bros., 'Made in America' Since 1818, May Soon Need a New Calling Card – The New York Times. The New York Times . June 5, 2020 . Friedman . Vanessa . Maheshwari . Sapna.
  107. News: Grossman . Avidan . Brooks Brothers Is Declaring Bankruptcy. That Doesn't Mean It's Dead. . . July 8, 2020 . July 8, 2020 .
  108. Web site: Brooks Brothers to Seek Approval of Sale to Authentic Brands Group and SPARC Group for $325 Million . Business Wire . August 11, 2020 . November 20, 2020.
  109. News: Maheshwari . Sapna . Bankrupt Brooks Brothers Finds a Buyer. . The New York Times . August 12, 2020 . August 12, 2020.

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