List of non-marine molluscs of Nepal explained

The non-marine molluscs of Nepal are a complete molluscan fauna of Nepal (wildlife of Nepal, environment of Nepal), because Nepal is landlocked country.

A number of species of non-marine molluscs are found in the wild in Nepal.

Summary table of number of species(Summary table is based on species counted in this list and include also those ones with question marks)

			Nepal
freshwater gastropods	>10
land gastropods	138 species^[1]
gastropods altogether	???
bivalves	>4
molluscs altogether	???
non-indigenous gastropods in the wild	?? freshwater and ?? land
non-indigenous hot-house alien gastropods	?
non-indigenous bivalves in the wild	?
non-indigenous hot-house alien bivalves	?
non-indigenous molluscs altogether	?

Land slug Limax seticus lives in altitudes 4,700–4,800 m a.s.l. in Nepal. It is the highest locality where occurrence of land slugs was recorded.

Freshwater gastropods

Freshwater gastropods in Nepal include:

Amnicolidae

• Erhaia banepaensis Nesemann & S. Sharma in Nesemann et al., 2007^[2]
• Erhaia chandeshwariensis Nesemann & S. Sharma in Nesemann et al., 2007^[2]
• Erhaia sugurensis Nesemann, Shah & Tachamo in Nesemann et al., 2007^[2]

Viviparidae

• Bellamya bengalensis (Lamarck, 1822)^[3]

Ampullariidae

• Pila globosa (Swainsen, 1822)^[3]

Thiaridae

• Tarebia granifera (Lamarck, 1822)^[3]

Pachychilidae

• Brotia costula (Rafinesque, 1833)^[3]

Lymnaeidae

• Austropeplea viridis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
• Lymnaea acuminata Lamarck, 1822^[3]
• Radix luteola (Lamarck, 1822)^[3]

Planorbidae

• Indoplanorbis exustus (Deshayes, 1834)^[3]
• Gyraulus convexiusculus (Hutton, 1849)^[3]

Land gastropods

Land gastropods in Nepal include:

Alycaeidae

• Alycaeus burti Godwin-Austen, 1874^[1]
• Alycaeus lohitensis Godwin-Austen, 1914^[1]
• Alycaeus yamneyensis Godwin-Austen, 1914^[1]
• Chamalycaeus bicrenatus (Godwin-Austen, 1874)^[1]
• Chamalycaeus digitatus (H.F. Blanford, 1871)^[1]
• Chamalycaeus inflatus (Godwin-Austen, 1874)^[1]
• Chamalycaeus notatus (Godwin-Austen, 1876)^[1]
• Chamalycaeus otiphorus (Benson, 1858)^[1]
• Chamalycaeus plectochilus (Benson, 1859)^[1]
• Chamalycaeus strangulatus (L. Pfeiffer, 1846)^[1]
• Chamalycaeus stylifer (Benson, 1857)^[1]
• Chamalycaeus summus (Godwin-Austen, 1914)^[1]

Cyclophoridae

• Cyclophorus fulguratus (L. Pfeiffer, 1852)^[1]
• Cyclophorus pyrotrema Benson, 1854^[1]
• Cyclophorus aurantiacus (Schumacher, 1817) - doubtful^[1]
• Theobaldius sp.^[1]
• Scabrina phaenotopicus (Benson, 1851)^{[1] [4]}
• Pterocyclos cf. brahmakundensis Godwin-Austen, 1915^[1]

Diplommatinidae

• Diplommatina abiesiana Budha & Naggs, 2017^[5]
• Diplommatina boessnecki Walther & Hausdorf, 2020^[6]
• Diplommatina exserta Godwin-Austen, 1886^[5]
• Diplommatina fistulata Budha & Naggs, 2017^[5]
• Diplommatina folliculus (L. Pfeiffer, 1846)^[5]
• Diplommatina godawariensis Budha & Naggs, 2017^[5]
• Diplommatina maipokhariensis Budha & Naggs, 2017^[5]
• Diplommatina miriensis Godwin-Austen, 1917^[5]
• Diplommatina munipurensis Godwin-Austen, 1892^[5]
• Diplommatina oviformis Fulton, 1901^[5]
• Diplommatina pachycheilus Benson, 1857^[5]
• Diplommatina regularis Fulton, 1901^[5]
• Diplommatina salgharica Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[5]
• Diplommatina shivapuriensis Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[5]
• Diplommatina silvicola Godwin-Austen, 1886^[5]
• Diplommatina sperata W. T. Blanford, 1862^[5]
• Diplommatina syabrubesiensis Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[5]

Pupinidae

Gastrocoptidae

• Gastrocopta huttoniana (Benson, 1849)^[7]

Pyramidulidae

• Pyramidula kuznetsovi Schileyko & Balashov, 2012^[8]

Valloniidae

• Vallonia costohimala Gerber & Bößneck, 2009^[9]
• Vallonia himalaevis Gerber & Bößneck, 2009^[9]
• Vallonia kathrinae Gerber & Bößneck, 2009^[9]
• Vallonia ladacensis (Nevill, 1878)^[9]
• Vallonia tenuilabris (Braun, 1843)^[9]

Limacidae

• Limax seticus Wiktor & Bössneck, 2004^[10]

Ariophantidae

• Khasiella pansa (Benson, 1856)^[3]
• Sarika dugasti (Morlet, 1891)^[11]

Achatinidae

• Achatina fulica (Férussac, 1821)^[3]
• Glessula orobia (Benson, 1860)^[12]
• Glessula cf. hebetata Godwin-Austen, 1920^[12]
• Glessula tamakoshi Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[12]
• Rishetia hastula (Benson, 1860)^[12]
• Rishetia kathmandica Budha & Backeljau, 2017^[12]
• Rishetia cf. mastersi Godwin-Austen, 1920^[12]
• Rishetia nagarjunensis Budha & Naggs, 2017^[12]
• Rishetia rishikeshi Budha & Naggs, 2017^[12]
• Rishetia subulata Budha & Naggs, 2017^[12]
• Rishetia tribhuvana Budha, 2017^[12]

Plectopylidae

• Endothyrella angulata Budha & Páll-Gergely, 2015^[13]
• Endothyrella dolakhaensis Budha & Páll-Gergely, 2015^[13]
• Endothyrella minor (Godwin-Austen, 1879)^[13]
• Endothyrella nepalica Budha & Páll-Gergely, 2015^[13]

Anadenidae

• Anadenus altivagus (Theobald, 1862)^[14]
• Anadenus kuznetsovi Kuzminykh & Schilyko, 2005^[15]
• Anadenus nepalensis Wiktor, 2001^[14]

Freshwater bivalves

Unionidae

• Lamellidens marginalis (Lamarck, 1819)^[3]

Amblemidae

• Parreysia corrugata (O. F. Müller, 1774)^[3]
• Parreysia flavidens deltae (Benson)^[3]
• Parreysia lima Simpson, 1900^[3]

See also

Lists of molluscs of surrounding countries:

• List of non-marine molluscs of China
• List of non-marine molluscs of India

External links

• Bössneck U. (2006). "Ökologie und Verbreitung der Nacktschnecken im Nepal-Himalaya (Molluca: Gastropoda: Pulmonata)". In: Hartmann M. & Weipert J. (Eds) Biodiversität und Naturausstattung im Himalaya. Bandung 2: 39–48.
• Budha P. B. (2005). "Nepalese malacology trails behind “Catch up”". Himalayan Journal of Sciences 3(5): 9–10.
• Budha P. B., Mordan P. B., Naggs F. & Backeljau T. (2012). "Darwininitium – a new fully pseudosigmurethrous orthurethran genus from Nepal (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Cerastidae)". ZooKeys 175: 19–26. .
• Khanal S. & Budha P. B. (2013). "Terrestrial gastropod fauna of Nagarjun forest, Shivapuri-Nagarjun National Park, Kathmandu, Nepal". Journal of Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University 18(1): 113–119.
• Kuznetsov A. G. (1996). "Himalodiscus aculeatus Kuznetsov, gen. et sp. nov. (Pulmonata, Endodontidae) from Nepal". Ruthenica 5(2): 163–165.
• Kuznetsov A. G. & Schileyko A. A. (1997). "New data on Enidae (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) of Nepal". Ruthenica 7(2): 133–140.
• Kuznetsov A. G. & Schileyko A. A. (1999). "Two new species of the genus Pupinidius Moellendorff, 1901 (Enidae, Pulmonata), and the distribution of the genus in Nepal". Ruthenica 9(2): 117–121.
• Limbu K. P., Subba B. R. & Rai B. K. (2???). "Nutritional Status of Three Species of Molluscs in Nepal". In: Gupta V .K., Verma A. K. & Singh G. D. (eds), pp. 232–239. Perspectives in animal ecology and reproduction, Edition: vol. 9, Chapter: 10, Daya Publishing House. PDF.
• Raut S. K. (1999). "The giant African land snail Achatina fulica Bowdich in Nepal and Bhutan". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 96(1): 173.
• Schileyko A. A. & Frank C. (1994). "Some terrestrial Mollusca of the Nepalesian fauna". Archiv für Molluskenkunde 123(1/6): 127–136.
• Subba B. R. (2003). "Molluscan checklist of Ghodaghodi Tal area, Kailali District". Our Nature 1: 1–2.
• Subba B. R. & Ghosh T. K. (2000). "Some freshwater molluscs from eastern and central Nepal". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 97(3): 452-455.
• Subba B. R. & Ghosh T. K. (2001). "Terrestrial mollusks from Nepal". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 98(1): 58–61.
• Subba B. R. & Ghosh T. K. (2008). "Report on some terrestrial molluscs from different regions of Nepal". Journal of Natural History Museum, Tribhuvan University 23: 78–81.
• Subba B. R., Limbu K. P. & Rai B. K. (2012). "Food value of edible molluscs of eastern Nepal:The lesser utilized food in Nepal". Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany, . PDF.

Notes and References

1. Budha P., Naggs F. & Backeljau T. (2015). "Annotated Checklist of the Terrestrial Gastropods of Nepal". ZooKeys 492: 1-48. .
2. Edmund Gittenberger, Choki Gyeltshen & Björn Stelbrink (2022). "The genus Erhaia (Gastropoda, Truncatelloidea, Amnicolidae), with a new species from Bhutan". ZooKeys 1085: 1–9. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1085.77900
3. Surana R., Subba B. R. & Limbu K. P. (2004). "Report of Molluscs from Chimdi lake (Birju Tal), Sunsari district, Eastern Nepal". Our Nature 2(1). .
4. Junn Kitt Foon & Mohammad Effendi Marzuki (2022). "First record and description of a new Scabrina species (Gastropoda: Cyclophoridae) from Peninsular Malaysia". Folia Malacologica 1(30): 23-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12657/folmal.030.003
5. Budha . Prem B. . Naggs . Fred . Backeljau . Thierry . The genus Diplommatina Benson, 1849 (Gastropoda: Caenogastropoda: Diplommatinidae) in Nepal, with the description of seven new species . European Journal of Taxonomy . 21 July 2017 . 337 . 10.5852/ejt.2017.337. free . 10067/1452050151162165141 . free .
6. Walther . Frank . Hausdorf . Bernhard . Diplommatina boessnecki n. sp. from Nepal (Gastropoda: Diplommatinidae) . Zootaxa . 23 January 2020 . 4728 . 3 . 398–400 . 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.3.11. 32230570 . 214212464 .
7. Meng . Stefan . Bößneck . Ulrich . Gastrocopta armigerella (Reinhardt, 1877) and Gastrocopta theeli (Westerlund, 1877) in western Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan, and their further occurrence in Asia (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pupilloidea) . ZooKeys . 17 December 2018 . 807 . 1–11 . 30595650 . 10.3897/zookeys.807.29113. 6305356 . free .
8. Schileyko A. A. & Balashov I. A. (2012). "Pyramidula kuznetsovi sp. nov. a new species of land molluscs from Nepal (Pulmonata, Pyramidulidae)". Ruthenica 22(1): 41–45. PDF.
9. Gerber . J. . Bößneck . U. . The genus Vallonia in Nepal (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Valloniidae) . Archiv für Molluskenkunde . 2009 . 138 . 1 . 43–52. 10.1127/arch.moll/0003-9284/138/043-052 .
10. Wiktor A. & Bössneck U. (2004). "Limax (Limax) seticus n. sp. from high mountains in Nepal (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Limacidae)". Folia Malacologica 12(4): 183–187. .
11. A. A. Schileyko (2011). "Check-list of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam(Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". Ruthenica 21(1): 1-68.
12. Budha . Prem B. . Naggs . Fred . Backeljau . Thierry . Conchological differentiation and genital anatomy of Nepalese Glessulinae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora, Subulinidae), with descriptions of six new species . ZooKeys . 23 May 2017 . 675 . 129–156 . 28769682. 10.3897/zookeys.675.13252. 5523889 . free .
13. Páll-Gergely . Barna . Budha . Prem . Naggs . Fred . Backeljau . Thierry . Asami . Takahiro . Review of the genus Endothyrella Zilch, 1960 with description of five new species (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Plectopylidae) . ZooKeys . 26 October 2015 . 529 . 1–70 . 26692792. 10.3897/zookeys.529.6139. 4668899 . free .
14. Wiktor . A. . A review of Anadenidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), with a description of a new species . Folia Malacologica . 2001 . 9 . 1 . 3–26. 10.12657/folmal.009.002 . free .
15. Kuzminykh . A.A. . Schileyko . A.A. . Slugs of the family Anadenidae Pilsbry, 1948 (Gastropoda, Pulmonata) with descriptions of two new subgenera and three new species . Ruthenica . 2005 . 15 . 2 . 109–118.