List of nicknames of prime ministers of the United Kingdom explained

This is a list of nicknames of prime ministers of the United Kingdom. Since Sir Robert Walpole, most prime ministers have had a nickname which was in common usage at the time they were in office. Many nicknames can be perceived as disparaging although others are complimentary or affectionate.

18th century

Robert Walpole

• Sir Bluestring^[1]
• Screen-Master General^[1]

Earl of Wilmington

• George II's Favourite Nonentity^[2]

Henry Pelham

• King Henry the Ninth^[3]

Duke of Newcastle

• Hubble-Bubble^[4]

Earl of Bute

• Jack Boot^[5]

George Grenville

• Gentle Shepherd^[6]

William Pitt the Elder

• The Great Commoner,^[7] in reference to his continued refusal of a peerage whilst in office, though he later accepted the title Earl of Chatham

Duke of Grafton

• Royal Oak^[8]
• The Turf Macaroni^[8]

Lord North

• Boreas (the north wind)^[9]
• Lord-deputy North^[9]

Earl of Shelburne

• Malagrida, after the Jesuit missionary Gabriel Malagrida^[10]
• The Jesuit in Berkerly Square^[10]

William Pitt the Younger

• Pitt the Younger,^[11] to distinguish him from his father, Pitt the Elder.
• Three-bottle man, in reference to his heavy consumption of port wine.^[12]

19th century

Henry Addington

• The Doctor^[13]

Lord Grenville

• Bogey^[14]

Spencer Perceval

• Little P^[15]

George Canning

• The Cicero of the British Senate^[16]
• The Zany of Debate^[16]

Viscount Goderich

• Prosperity Robinson^[17]
• Goody Goderich^[17]
• The Blubberer^[17]

Duke of Wellington

• The Iron Duke^[18]

Robert Peel

• Orange Peel,^[19] a reference to his views on Ireland.

Earl Russell

• Finality Jack^[20]
• The Widow's Mite^[20]

Earl of Derby

• Scorpion Stanley^[21]
• The Rupert of Debate^[21]

Earl of Aberdeen

• Lord Haddo, the courtesy title by which he was known before he succeeded to his grandfather's title of Earl of Aberdeen.

Lord Palmerston

• Lord Cupid^[22]
• Lord Pumicestone^[22]

Benjamin Disraeli

• Dizzy^[23]

William Gladstone

• Grand Old Man or its acronym GOM^[24]
• The People's William
• God's Only Mistake, used by Disraeli as a mocking alternative to Gladstone's preferred nickname (Grand Old Man).^[24]
• Murderer of Gordon, a scathing inversion of Gladstone's preferred nickname (Grand Old Man) following the death of General Gordon at Khartoum. Gladstone had delayed sending Gordon military reinforcements, so was blamed for Gordon's subsequent defeat and execution by the Mahdists of the Sudan.^[25]

20th century

Arthur Balfour

• Pretty Fanny, a reference to his delicacy of appearance and manners.^[26]
• Bloody Balfour^[27]
• Tiger Lily^[28]
• Miss Nancy^[29]

Henry Campbell-Bannerman

• CB^[30]

H. H. Asquith

• The Last of the Romans^[31]
• The Sledgehammer^[32]
• Squiffy^[33]

David Lloyd George

• The Welsh Wizard^[34]
• The Man Who Won The War^[34]
• The Welsh Goat^[35]

Bonar Law

• The Unknown Prime Minister^[36]

Stanley Baldwin

• Honest Stan^[37]

Ramsay MacDonald

• Ramsay Mac^[38]
• Ramshackle Mac^[39]

Neville Chamberlain

• The Coroner,^[40] for dressing in black.
• Monsieur J'aime Berlin, French nickname meaning "Mr. I Love Berlin". Pun and referring to Chamberlain's policy of appeasement towards Germany.^[41]

Winston Churchill

• Winnie^[42]
• (British) Bulldog;^[43] first given to him by the Russians,^[44] it was a reference to his ferocity and focus.^[45]
• Colonel Warden was his favourite code name or nom-de-guerre.
• Former Naval Person and Naval Person; this was how Churchill signed many of his telegrams to US President Franklin D. Roosevelt, first choosing the code name "Naval Person" and later changing it to "Former Naval Person" after he became prime minister.^[46]
• Pig, an affectionate name used by his wife, Clementine.

Clement Attlee

• Clem^[47]
• A sheep in sheep's clothing,^[48] an adaptation of wolf in sheep's clothing, derived from his mild-mannered, equable style which contrasted with Churchill.

Anthony Eden

• The Glamour Boy, in reference to his neat appearance.

Harold Macmillan

• Supermac,^[49] originally coined by Victor Weisz as the title of an editorial cartoon published in the Evening Standard.
• Mac the Knife,^[49] in reference to the Night of the Long Knives.

Alec Douglas-Home

• Home Sweet Home, Churchill's nickname for him.^[50]
• Baillie Vass, from a miscaptioned photo of Douglas-Home referring to a bailie named Vass; popularised by Private Eye magazine.

Harold Wilson

• Wislon, a deliberate misspelling popularised by the fortnightly satirical magazine Private Eye.

Edward Heath

• Grocer Heath^[51]

James Callaghan

• Big Jim^[52]
• Sunny Jim,^[52] a homonym of "Sonny Jim", used to patronise an inexperienced person,^[53] and to refer to his optimism. Particularly used in the media during the Winter of Discontent of 1978–79, when Callaghan appeared out of touch with the issues facing the nation at the time, such as when the most widespread industrial action since the 1926 general strike was taking place, and he arrived back from a summit in the Caribbean and talked about his swimming activities.
• Uncle Jim^{[54] [55]}

Margaret Thatcher

• Attila the Hen,^[56] a pun on Attila the Hun
• That Bloody Woman or TBW^[57]
• Tina (There Is No Alternative), a reference to Thatcher's constant refrain that the market economy is the only system that works.^{[58] [59]}
• That Great Charmer,^[60] an anagram of Margaret Thatcher.
• The Great She-Elephant,^{[61] [62]} an allusion to Rudyard Kipling's Just So Stories.
• The Grocer's Daughter,^[63] a double meaning in that she was literally the daughter of a grocer, but also the successor to Edward Heath, "The Grocer".
• The Iron Lady^[64]
• Madame Frit, derived from her use of the dialect word frit in the House.^[65]
• Maggie^[66]
• Maggie the Great^[67]
• Milk Snatcher, from mischief-making by a Labour Party conference speaker based on her failure as Secretary of State for Education to completely protect the school milk budget from a treasury raid. The compromise she managed to secure was that free milk at school was only abolished for older primary school children – free milk for secondary school children had already been abolished in 1968 by the Harold Wilson Labour government.^{[68] [69] [70] [71]}
• Mrs Finchley^[72] – a slip made by David Dimbleby during the BBC's coverage of the 1983 general election overnight results programme. Finchley was the parliamentary constituency Thatcher represented for over 30 years.
• Thatch, In the 1980s Ben Elton started a trend for referring to Mrs Thatcher as Thatch, a colloquialism for pubic hair.^[73]

John Major

• Grey Man;^[74] Major "had been considered a decent but uninspiring person who was known as the 'grey man' of politics", with his caricature Spitting Image puppet portraying him as such.

21st century

Tony Blair

• Tony Blur, used during his time in opposition to describe his "clear image" but not what he stood for.
• Bambi,^[75] after the Disney character of a young deer; Blair had been the youngest prime minister for nearly 200 years.
• Bliar,^[75] associated with the Iraq War. Blair was accused of misleading parliament and the country over weapons of mass destruction.
• America's Poodle, a reference to his Special Relationship with the President of the United States, George W. Bush.^[76]
• Teflon Tony^[77]
• Tonibler/Tonibljer, a Kosovan given name derived from Tony Blair due to his role in ending the Kosovo War, but also occasionally used as a nickname for Blair himself mostly in Serbian media.

Gordon Brown

• Flash Gordon,^[78] in reference to the comic strip hero Flash Gordon.
• Big Clunking Fist, first used by Tony Blair during his final Queen's Speech debate,^[79] it was later used by columnists throughout the British media.^{[80] [81]}
  • Great Clunking Fist, a common misquote.^{[82] [83] [84]}
• Bottler Brown, used in relation to Brown not calling an election in 2007 after previously suggesting he would.^[85]
• Golden Brown, as Chancellor, Brown sold 60% of the UK's gold reserves. Used by Terry Wogan and the TOGs, normally followed by Wogan saying "Never a frown with Golden Brown", a reference to the song "Golden Brown" by The Stranglers.^[86]
• Gordo.^[87] The word means 'fat' in Spanish.
• Great Leader and Stalin, often sarcastically used by Andrew Neil on This Week in relation to Lord Turnbull's description of Brown as a man who operates with "Stalinist ruthlessness".^{[88] [89]} The fortnightly satirical magazine Private Eye also had a mock Stalinist decree each issue, Prime Ministerial Decree.
• Squatter in No. 10,^{[90] [91]} used as Brown was not elected and after Brown attempted to form a coalition with the Liberal Democrats following the 2010 general election.

David Cameron

• Dave, Cameron is reported to be known to friends and family as "Dave" rather than David, although he invariably uses the latter name in public.^[92]
• DVD Dave, Cameron was reportedly known as DVD Dave because of his love of DVD boxed sets which he enjoyed with his wife Samantha.^[93]
• Flashman, a reference to fictional upper-class bully Harry Flashman, used by Ed Miliband during a PMQs debate on reform to the NHS.^[94]
• Call Me Dave,^[95] used since the publishing of his 2015 biography Call Me Dave.
• Hameron,^[96] in reference to the "Piggate" allegations.
• Dodgy Dave,^{[97] [98]} a nickname trending on social media with the #DodgyDave hashtag after Labour MP Dennis Skinner was sent out of the House of Commons in April 2016 for referring to Cameron as "Dodgy Dave" and repeating it after being instructed to withdraw it by Speaker John Bercow. This came about during the Panama Papers scandal.^[98]
• DC,^{[99] [100]} a shorthand form he signs off his messages with.

Theresa May

• Mummy or Mummy May,^{[101] [102]} affectionately used by Conservative activists to make reference to her matriarchal powers, although she had no children.
• Bloody Difficult Woman,^{[103] [104] [105]} originally used by Kenneth Clarke to describe May while preparing for an interview with Sky News, not realising that he was being recorded.
• Submarine May,^[106] originally used by Downing Street aides to describe May hiding away "like a submarine" during the EU referendum campaign.
• Theresa Maybe,^[107] used to describe her apparent indecisiveness and vagueness, such as her use of the phrase 'Brexit means Brexit'.^[108]
• Theresa the Appeaser,^{[109] [110]} originally used to describe her relationship with U.S. President Donald Trump, particularly after Trump's signing of Executive Order 13769 known as the 'travel ban'. It has also been used since to describe her relationships with other world leaders.
• Maybot,^{[111] [112]} used to describe her 'robotic' nature, particularly during the 2017 general election campaign, from which she gained notoriety for frequently repeating campaign slogans such as "strong and stable leadership".^[113]
• Teflon Theresa,^[114] used to describe her ability to avoid scandals whilst in the politically sensitive position of Home Secretary.
• Lino,^{[115] [116]} short for "Leader in name only", used during the Brexit process in reference to May's difficulty in passing her negotiated withdrawal agreement through the House of Commons and her perceived lack of authority as prime minister and leader of the Conservative Party.

Boris Johnson

• Al, used by his friends and family as a shortening of his legal first name Alexander.^[117]
• Boris, Johnson has been described as one of the few politicians to be more commonly referred to by his given name than his last name.^[118]
• BoJo, a portmanteau of his forename and surname. Often used by the press internationally.^{[119] [120]}
• BoJo the Clown, a pun on Bozo the Clown, a more pejorative form of the nickname "BoJo".^{[121] [122] [123] [124]}
• BoZo, a pejorative variation of BoJo (see bozo).^[125]
• Bozza, an affectionate name used by his friends.^[126]
• Beano Boris or Boris the Menace, coined by the satirical magazine Private Eye which depicted Johnson as a blond-haired version of Dennis the Menace from The Beano.^[127]
• British Trump or Britain Trump, used to refer to his perceived similarities with former U.S. President Donald Trump.^[128]
• Buffoon Boris, a pejorative reference to Johnson's supposed ability to provide amusement through inappropriate appearance or behaviour.^[129]
• The Blonde Bombshell, a reference to Johnson's hair colour.^[130]
• Greased piglet, a term used to describe him by David Cameron and subsequently by print media.^[131]

Liz Truss

• Liz, a shortening of Truss's middle name Elizabeth, this is a nickname Truss uses in an official capacity. Truss has been known by her middle name from an early age, rather than her forename Mary.^[132]
• Disruptor-in-Chief, a nickname coined by Truss herself in 2018, describing how she would work as Chief Secretary to the Treasury in tackling bureaucracy in the civil service.^{[133] [134] [135]}
• Haggis Basher, a term used by her schoolmates, making fun of her Paisley Glaswegian accent after she moved from Scotland to England.^[136]
• Human hand grenade, supposedly coined by Dominic Cummings as "she does tend to blow things up".^[137]
• Queen of Instagram, a nickname used to describe her frequent use of social media, and particularly Instagram, in creating her public image. While international trade secretary, the department was nicknamed by her aides as the 'Department for Instagramming Truss'.^{[133] [138]}
• Radon Liz, a nickname used by opponents, with the explanation that "she’s a gas [i.e. humorous, or insubstantial], but she’s inert".^[139]
• The Iron Weathercock, a nickname likely coined by French newspaper Les Echos, comparing her changing views on Brexit to a weathercock turning with the wind. Truss supported the Remain side before the Brexit referendum but became a staunch advocate of Brexit afterwards.^{[140] [141]}
• The Truss, a nickname Truss is reported to have used for herself.^{[142] [143]}
• Lettuce Liz/Lettuce, a reference to a joke in the Daily Star asking whether her premiership and leadership would outlast the shelf life of a lettuce, which she did not.^{[144] [145] [146]}

Rishi Sunak

• Dishy Rishi, a term used in reference to the Eat Out to Help Out scheme implemented in his tenure as Chancellor of the Exchequer during the COVID-19 pandemic, and also in reference to his supposed handsomeness.^{[147] [148] [149]}
• Yorkshire Maharajah or Maharaja of the Yorkshire Dales, a nickname referring to Sunak's Indian heritage, his wealth, and his being an MP for Richmond, a parliamentary constituency in the Yorkshire Dales.^{[150] [151]}
• Will from The Inbetweeners, a nickname that became popular online based on his similar voice as well as appearance to the character of Will McKenzie from sitcom The Inbetweeners, played by Simon Bird.^[152]

Keir Starmer

• Keith, a nickname used by those on the left of the Labour Party to refer to Starmer's shift to the centre, to disassociate him with Labour's first leader Keir Hardie, whom Starmer is thought to have been named after. The nickname has also been used to refer to Starmer's image and perceived lack of personality.^{[153] [154]}
• Special K, a personal nickname which was from his visit to a Kellogg's factory.^[155]
• Sir Beer Korma, a name originally used by Boris Johnson, in reference to the Beergate controversy.^[156]
• Sir Kid Starver, used to refer to Labour's refusal to scrap the two-child benefit cap, which had been made under Starmer's leadership.^{[157] [158]}
• Sir Softy/Softie, coined by Rishi Sunak to refer to Starmer's apparent "softness" on crime, with Labour under his leadership having voted against Conservative sentencing reforms.^{[159] [160]}
• Captain Hindsight, a reference to the South Park character of the same name, frequently used by Johnson. The nickname was first used by Johnson in response to Starmer accusing him of blaming care workers for the spread of COVID-19, with Johnson joking that Starmer had an advanced knowledge on how the disease could be transmitted.^{[161] [162]} The nickname was later used by Liz Truss and Rishi Sunak.^[163]
• Queer Harmer, used by those opposed to his stance on LGBT and particularly transgender rights.^{[164] [165]}
• Two-tier Keir, a nickname given to Starmer by Twitter owner Elon Musk in response to alleged two-tier policing.^[166]

See also

• • • Prime Minister parodies (Private Eye)
• List of nicknames of prime ministers of Australia
• List of nicknames of prime ministers of India
• List of nicknames of prime ministers of Italy
• List of nicknames of presidents of the United States

Notes and References

1. Englefield, Dermot; Seaton, Janet; White, Isobel. Facts about the British Prime Ministers. Mansell, 1995, p. 2.
2. Book: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230304635_3 . 10.1057/9780230304635_3 . Spencer Compton, First Earl of Wilmington — 'George II's Favourite Nonentity' . Eighteenth-Century British Premiers . 2011 . Leonard . Dick . 31–39 . 978-0-230-28478-4 .
3. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Henry Pelham . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211344/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/henry-pelham . 25 August 2008 . dmy-all .
4. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Duke of Newcastle . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825210346/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/duke-of-newcastle . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
5. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Earl of Bute . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211217/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/earl-of-bute . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
6. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: George Grenville . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211317/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/george-grenville . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
7. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Earl of Chatham . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211223/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/earl-of-chatham . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
8. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Duke of Grafton . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825210341/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/duke-of-grafton . 25 August 2008 .
9. Web site: Prime Ministers in History Lord North . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://archive.today/20080908204515/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/lord-north . 8 September 2008 . dmy-all .
10. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Earl of Shelburne . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://archive.today/20080825211244/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/earl-of-shelburne . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
11. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: William Pitt . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211545/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/william-pitt . 25 August 2008 . dmy-all .
12. News: Hague . William . William Hague . 31 August 2004 . He was something between God and man . 14 January 2016 . The Daily Telegraph . London.
13. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Henry Addington . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211333/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/henry-addington . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
14. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Lord Grenville . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211409/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/lord-grenville . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
15. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Spencer Perceval . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211504/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/spencer-perceval . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
16. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: George Canning . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211311/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/george-canning . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
17. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Viscount Goderich . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211525/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/viscount-goderich . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
18. Web site: Freeman's Journal (Dublin, Republic of Ireland) . 18 May 1832 . The British Newspaper Archive (British Library). subscription . 4 August 2016 .
19. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Sir Robert Peel. 31 July 2008. number-10.gov.uk. https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211454/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/sir-robert-peel. 25 August 2008. dead. dmy-all.
20. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Earl Russell . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211259/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/earl-russell . 25 August 2008 .
21. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Earl of Derby . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211228/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/earl-of-derby . 25 August 2008 . dmy-all .
22. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Viscount Palmerston . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211535/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/viscount-palmerston . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
23. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Benjamin Disraeli . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825210320/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/benjamin-disraeli . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
24. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: William Ewart Gladstone . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211540/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/william-ewart-gladstone . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
25. Web site: BOOKS: A fuzzy sense of history. Independent.co.uk. 10 March 1996.
26. Book: Pearce . British Political History, 1867-1990: Democracy and Decline . Stewart . Geoffrey . Routledge . 1992 . 9780415072472 . His delicacy of appearance and manners earned him the nickname 'pretty Fanny'. . 31 July 2008.
27. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Arthur James Balfour . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825210315/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/arthur-james-balfour . 25 August 2008 .
28. Web site: Andrew Marr: The Making of Modern Britain. https://web.archive.org/web/20160628151913/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBa1U5Jj-PQ. 2016-06-28 . dead. 21 July 2016 . BBC Television.
29. News: 1930-03-31 . GREAT BRITAIN: Bloody Balfour and Miss Nancy . 2024-04-03 . Time . en-US . 0040-781X.
30. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Henry Campbell-Bannerman . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211340/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/henry-campbell-bannerman . 25 August 2008 .
31. News: Last of the Romans? . 10 March 2014 . The Spectator . London . 6 November 1964.
32. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Herbert Henry Asquith . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20091213050114/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/herbert-henry-asquith . 13 December 2009 . dmy-all .
33. News: The politics of drinking in power . BBC News . 9 July 2008 . Prime Minister Herbert "squiffy" Asquith used to sway on his feet when speaking or answering questions in the House of Commons. . 6 January 2006 .
34. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: David Lloyd George . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825210330/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/david-lloyd-george . 25 August 2008 .
35. News: Howard . Anthony . Anthony Howard (journalist) . 30 April 2006 . The first rule of the politician's wife should be: Never leave your husband on his own . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20071230193928/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/opinion/main.jhtml?xml=/opinion/2006/04/30/do3007.xml . 30 December 2007 . 31 July 2008 . . London . And the best case ever to be made for that most notorious philanderer of them all, David Lloyd George (not for nothing known as "the Welsh Goat") has always seemed to me to lie in the fact that his wife, Margaret, was asking for trouble when, from the moment of his election for Caernarvon Boroughs in 1890, she insisted on staying in north Wales and not accompanying her husband to London..
36. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Andrew Bonar Law . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825210309/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/andrew-bonar-law . 25 August 2008 .
37. Book: Carter, Byrum E. . Office of the Prime Minister . 2015-12-08 . Princeton University Press . en . 2017-07-21. 9781400878260 .
38. Appearance of Evil . https://web.archive.org/web/20050114004822/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,719145,00.html . dead . 14 January 2005 . 31 July 2008 . . New York . 22 September 1924.
39. [AJP Taylor]
40. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Neville Chamberlain . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120402040124/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/neville-chamberlain . 2 April 2012 .
41. Web site: The Honolulu Advertiser from Honolulu, Hawaii . 18 December 1938 .
42. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Sir Winston Churchill . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825211551/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/winston-churchill . 25 August 2008 . dead . dmy-all .
43. News: Moynahan . Brian . 30 October 2005 . Guarding the bulldog . 29 July 2008 . The Times . London.
44. Web site: Pukas . Anna . 2 November 2012 . The moment Winston Churchill thought he was finished . 23 June 2015 . express.co.uk.
45. Web site: Winston Churchill – The British Bulldog. Valaparla. Sneha. Read & Digest. 23 June 2015. 23 October 2012.
46. Web site: The "Special Relationship" : Churchill, Roosevelt and the emergence of the Anglo-American Alliance, 1939-1945. The British Diplomatic Files. Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. 23 June 2015. Churchill responded with alacrity and mild humor, choosing the transparent code name "Naval Person," that he would later change to "Former Naval Person" once he had left the Admiralty and moved to the Prime Minister's Residence at number 10 Downing Street..
47. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Clement Attlee . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080825210325/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/clement-attlee . 25 August 2008 .
48. News: From Churchill to Corbyn: The 40 most brutal British political insults. The Telegraph. 8 April 2016.
49. Web site: Prime Ministers in History: Harold Macmillan . 31 July 2008 . Prime Minister's Office . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110705082724/http://www.number10.gov.uk/history-and-tour/prime-ministers-in-history/harold-macmillan . 5 July 2011 . dmy-all .
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51. News: Denis MacShane . MacShane, Denis . Held in misguided contempt . . I had grown up with the Grocer Heath image from Private Eye, and marched against his industrial relations reforms in the 1970s - although his proposals would have left unions legally stronger than they are today under the EU Social Charter. . 25 July 2005 . 29 July 2008 . London.
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