List of natural history dealers explained
Natural history specimen dealers had an important role in the development of science in the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries. They supplied the rapidly growing, both in size and number, museums and educational establishments and private collectors whose collections, either in entirety or parts finally entered museums.Most sold not just zoological, botanical and geological specimens but also equipment and books. Many also sold archaeological and ethnographic items. They purchased specimens from professional and amateur collectors, sometimes collected themselves as well as acting as agents for the sale of collections. Many were based in mercantile centres notably Amsterdam, Hamburg, and London or in major cities. Some were specialists and some were taxonomic authorities who wrote scientific works and manuals, some functioned as trading museums or institutes.
This is a list of natural history dealers from the 16th to the 19th century: here are names that are frequently encountered in museum collections.
- Johan Hans Abegg (fl. 1882-1885) Mineral collector and dealer in Zurich.
- Augustus Theodore Abel (?1802-1882); German Mineral dealer resident in Ballarat.
- Anton Franz Abraham Preparator and dealer in educational materials at " "Naturhistorisches Institut" on Beatrixgasse, Vienna, 1896, on Ungargasse, Vienna in 1903-1906.Supplied specimens to Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
- Ludwig Anker (1822, Budapest -1887) Insektenhändler
- Mary Anning
- Bernardino Astfäller (1879–1964) Insektenhändler in Meran
- Max Bartel (1879–1914) Berlin
- Leopold and Rudolf Blaschka
- Julius Böhm (c. 1850?-1925) Vienna mineral dealers as "Österr.-ungar. Mineralien-Comptoir" or Austro-Hungarian Mineral Dealership.
- Edward Percy Bottley Gregory, Bottley & Lloyd geology and mineral dealership
- Ernst August Böttcher, born 14 June 1870 Naturalien und Lehrmittel-Anstalt Berlin C. 2, Brüderstrasse 15.
- Nérée Boubée Paris
- Adolphe Boucard
- Braun; Karl Friedrich Wilhelm (1800–1864) Fossil and mineral dealer in Regensburg Brendel and Sohn Botanical modelmakers in Breslau and Berlin.
- Antonie Augustus Bruijn Dutch East Indies
- Jean Baptiste Lucien Buquet (Paris)
- Emile Clement Australia
- William Deans Cowan Madagascar
- Giuseppe De Cristoforis (Milan)
- Eduard Dämel Insect dealer in Hamburg.
- Émile Deyrolle (1838–1917) French naturalist and natural history dealer in Paris. The business was originally owned by his naturalist grandfather, Jean-Baptiste Deyrolle who opened his shop in 1831 at 23, Rue de la Monnaie. Émile’s father Achille Deyrolle ran the business for many years. It is now at 46, rue du Bac, Paris
- Maarten Dirk van Renesse van Duivenbode trader of bird skins in the Dutch East Indies.
- Henri Donckier de Donceel Paris insect dealer
- Alfred William Ecutt (1879-) Newport, Wales.
- Entomologisch Institut Hamburg (E. M. Schulz) Hamburg 22, Hamburgerstrasse 45.
- Josef Erber(c. 1830 – c. 1918) Mineral and natural history dealer in Vienna St. Ullrich, Siebensterngasse No. 29.
- Anton Hermann Fassl Naturhistorisches-Institut, 948 Zeidlerstrasse, Teplitz, Bohemia, Germany (now the Czech Republic)
- Adolarius Jacob Forster (1739-1806).Leading mineral dealer of the 18th century with premises in London, Paris and St. Petersburg.
- R. Fuess Berlin - Steglitz mineral and petrographic specimens an instruments Heinrich Ludwig Rudolf Fuess (1838–1917).
- Gustav Adolph Frank (1809–1880) Natural history dealer in Amsterdam who had worldwide trade connections.
- Václav Frič (1839–1916) Prague
- Hans Fruhstorfer
- Rudolf Tancré (1842–1934) Anklam, Pomerania Dealer in Lepidoptera mainly of Central Asia and Siberia.
- Georg Thorey - Hamburg pharmacist and beetle collector. Also sold beetles to other natural history collectors.[1]
- Johann Gustav Friedrich Umlauff (1833–1889) Proprietor of prominent Hamburg-based natural history and ethnographic dealership and associated museum.
- Unio Itineraria a German Scientific Society based in Esslingen am Neckar sold specimens as a dealership.
- Van Ingen & Van Ingen
- Jules Verreaux Owner of Maison Verreaux, established in 1803 by his father, Jacques Philippe Verreaux, at Place des Vosges in Paris, which was the earliest known company that dealt with objects of natural history.
- Jean Villet Cape Town
- Voigt & Hochgesang Göttingen
- Józef Warszewicz Guatemala 1844-1850
- Henry Augustus Ward Founder of Ward's Natural History Establishment in Rochester, New York.
- Rowland Ward London
- White Watson
- William Watkins Began trading in 1874 in Eastbourne. In 1879 the address was 36 The Strand, London. In 1907 the dealership became Watkins & Doncaster (1907). In 1937 ownership passed to Frederick Metté an expert on bird eggs.
- Frank Blake Webster's Naturalists Supply Depot 409 Washington Street, Hyde Park, Massachusetts
- Walter Freeman Webb (1869–1957) Shell dealer St. Petersburg, Florida
- Henry Whitely
- Bryce McMurdo Wright father (1814-1875) or son (1850-1895), both with same name and both dealers at 90 Great Russell Street, London. They dealt in minerals and fossils, ethnographic and archaeological objects.
- Bohuslav Železný Prague 1890-? Lepidoptera.
- Emil Weiske Saalfeld Insect and bird collector and dealer.
- Rudolf Zimmermann (1878–1943) mineralogist and dealer in natural history specimens for schools based in Chemnitz, Saxony. Author of Die Mineralien. Eine Anleitung zum Sammeln und Bestimmen derselben nebst einer Beschreibung der wichtigsten Arten
See also
References
- Mark V. Barrow, 2000 The Specimen Dealer: Entrepreneurial Natural History in America’s Gilded Age Journal of the History of Biology 33: 493–534 https://doi.org/10.1023%2FA%3A1004856813466
- Günther, Albert C. L. G. (Albert Carl Ludwig Gotthilf) 1904-1912 The history of the collections contained in the natural history departments of the British Museum. British Museum London, Printed by order of the Trustees
- Horn et al., 1990: Collectiones entomologicae. Berlin.
- Mearns B. & Mearns R., 1998: The Bird Collectors. Academic Press, London
External links
Notes and References
- Lynn K. Nyhart "Civic and economic zoology in nineteenth-century Germany: The "Living communities"of Karl Mobius" Isis 4 (1998)pp. 605-630
