List of protected areas of Peru explained
This is a list of protected areas in Peru.
Natural heritage
The Constitution of Peru of 1993 recognized the natural resources and ecosystem variety of its country as a heritage.[1] In 1990, the National System of Natural Areas that are protected by the Government (SINANPE) was created.[2] This entity depends on the National Service of Protected Areas by the State (SERNANP), Ministry of Environment.
Peru has 76 natural protected areas [3] (more of 15% of the country surface area) that are preserved by the National Government: 15 national parks, 9 national sanctuaries, 4 historical sanctuaries, 17 national reserves, 3 wildlife refuges, 2 landscape reserves, 10 communal reserves, 6 protected forests, 2 hunting enclosed lands and 8 reserved zones. A map was also created containing the natural protected areas.[4]
Peru is considered to be among 17 of the most megadiverse countries in the world.[5] With over 1,850 species of birds,[6] it has the world's second most diverse avian community, after Colombia.[7]
National Parks are places where the wild flora and fauna are protected and preserved. Natural resources exploitation and human settlements are forbidden.
National System of Natural State Protected Areas
National parks
- Cutervo, created in 1961 and located in Cajamarca, is the oldest Peruvian National Park. It contains many caves, including the San Andres Cave, a home of the endangered guacharo (oilbird) and golden quetzal.
- Tingo María is located in Huanuco Region. Its principal attraction is the Cueva de las Lechuzas (Owl Cave), another guacharo habitat.
- Manu, located in the Regions of Madre de Dios and Cuzco. In 1977, UNESCO recognised it as a Reserve of Biosphere; and in 1987, it was pronounced a Natural Heritage of Humanity.
- Huascarán is located in Ancash. It was also pronounced a Natural Heritage of Humanity and recognized as Reserve of Biosphere. Peru's highest snow-covered mountain (6,768 m) is found here, also named Huascarán. This park is the habitat of the Puya raimondii, the cougar, the jaguar, the llama, the guanaco, the marsh deer, the Peruvian tapir, the Peruvian piedtail, a hummingbird species, and many kinds of ducks.
- Cerros de Amotape (Amotape Hills) is located in Piura and Tumbes. It has many dry-climate forests and endangered species such as the American crocodile.
- The Abiseo River Park, another Natural and Cultural Heritage of Humanity site, is located in San Martín.
- Yanachaga–Chemillén, a tropical forest preservation zone at 4,800 m, is located in Pasco Region. The Palcazu River, Huancabamba River, Pozuzo River and their affluents flows through the park. Some native communities still live in here. There are also archaeological fields from the Inca and Yanesha cultures.
- Bahuaja-Sonene is located in Madre de Dios. It contains Puno Region's tropical forests, the Heath Pampas and part of the Tambopata National Reserve.
- Cordillera Azul
- Otishi
- Alto Purús
- Ichigkat muja – Cordillera del Condor
- Güeppí Sekime
- Sierra del Divisor, created in 2015, is located in Loreto and Ucayali at the border with Brazil.
- Yaguas, created in 2018, is a tropical forest protection zone along the Yaguas river located in Loreto near the border with Colombia.
National reserves
National sanctuaries
National sanctuaries are areas of national importance for the protection of the habitat of specific species of flora and fauna, and natural formations of scientific or scenic interest.[2]
Historical sanctuaries
Wildlife refuges
Landscape reserves
Communal reserves
Communal reserves are conservation areas for flora and fauna, allowing traditional use for the rural populations surrounding the areas. The use and marketing of the natural resources within the communal reserve is conducted by the same rural populations.[2]
| Reserve | Date | Area (ha) |
|---|
| Yanesha | 19880428 28 April 1988 | < | -- El Sira --> |
|---|
| El Sira | 20010622 22 June 2001 | < | -- Amarakaeri --> |
|---|
| Amarakaeri | 20020509 9 May 2002 | < | -- Asháninka --> |
|---|
| Asháninka | 20030114 14 January 2003 | < | -- Machiguenga --> |
|---|
| Machiguenga | 20030114 14 January 2003 | < | -- Purús --> |
|---|
| Purús | 2004112020 November 2004 | < | -- Tuntanain --> |
|---|
| Tuntanain | 2007081010 August 2007 | < | -- Chayu Nain --> |
|---|
| Chayu Nain | 20030114 9 December 2009 | | |
Protected forests
Enclosed hunting lands
Reserved zones
National forests
Areas of regional conservation
See also
External links
Notes and References
- Article 66-69 of the Constitution of Peru, retrieved 17 July 2012.
- http://www.sernanp.gob.pe/sernanp/archivos/biblioteca/mapas/ListaAnps.pdf SINANPE list of protected areas
- https://www.gob.pe/institucion/sernanp/campa%C3%B1as/4340-sistema-nacional-de-areas-naturales-protegidas-por-el-estado Sistema Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado SINANPE (in spanish)
- https://geo.sernanp.gob.pe/visorsernanp/ Map - Geographic Information of Protected Natural Areas - Geo ANP
- Conservation International, South America Banks on Regional Strategy to Safeguard Quarter of Earth's Biodiversity . Retrieved on June 29, 2007.
- https://rainforests.mongabay.com/03birds.htm Total number of bird species, by country - MONGABAY
- http://www.press.uchicago.edu/Misc/Chicago/468283.html Lambertini, A Naturalist's Guide to the Tropics, excerpt
