List of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus explained

This is a list of monuments and memorials to Christopher Columbus.[1]

Holidays

See main article: Columbus Day.

Monuments

Argentina

Bahamas

Belgium

Bolivia

Brazil

Canada

Chile

Colombia

Costa Rica

Cuba

Dominican Republic

Ecuador

Egypt

El Salvador

Guatemala

Haiti

Honduras

Ireland

Italy

Jamaica

Japan

Mexico

Nicaragua

Panama

Paraguay

Peru

Portugal

Spain

United Kingdom

United States

Alabama

Arizona

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Illinois

Iowa

Indiana

Louisiana

Massachusetts

Maryland

Michigan

Minnesota

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

New Jersey

New York

Ohio

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

Virginia

Washington State

Puerto Rico

Uruguay

Venezuela

Places

See main article: List of places named for Christopher Columbus.

Canada

South America

Southeast Asia

United States

At least 54 U.S. communities are named for Christopher Columbus.[214]

Schools

United States

See also

Further reading

Notes and References

  1. For more information, see the Columbus Memorial Pages, which list 600 monuments.
  2. Web site: Ayacucho – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  3. Web site: Bernal – Estatua de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  4. Web site: Buenos Aires – Hommaje de Billiken a Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  5. Web site: Buenos Aires – Cristóbal Colón 'en las Americas'. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  6. Web site: Buenos Aires – Busto de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  7. Frei, Cheryl Jiménez. "Columbus, Juana and the Politics of the Plaza: Battles over Monuments, Memory and Identity in Buenos Aires." Journal of Latin American Studies (2019), 51, 607–638
  8. Web site: Buenos Aires – Monumento a Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  9. Web site: Buenos Aires – Monumento a Colón en Liniers. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  10. Web site: Chivilcoy – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  11. Web site: Colón – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  12. Web site: Córdoba – Medallón con retrato en relieve de Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  13. Web site: Gaiman – Monumento a Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  14. Web site: General Roca – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  15. Web site: La Plata – Monumento a Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  16. Web site: Laboulaye – Monumento de españoles e italianos. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  17. Web site: Mar del Plata – Estatua de Cristobal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  18. Web site: Mendoza – Monumento a la Hermandad Hispano-Argentina. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  19. Web site: Monte Caseros – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  20. Web site: Salta – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  21. Web site: San Carlos de Bariloche – Cristobal Colón llega a América. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  22. Web site: Santa Fe – Monumento a Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  23. Web site: Santa Teresita – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  24. Web site: Villaguay – Busto de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  25. Web site: Columbus' Arrival Monument . Columbus Monuments . February 5, 2019 .
  26. Web site: Government House . The Bahamian Photographer . February 5, 2019 .
  27. Web site: Chicago Monument . Columbus Monuments . February 5, 2019 .
  28. Web site: Columbus Monument . The Islands of the Bahamas . February 5, 2019 .
  29. Web site: Mexican Monument . The Islands of the Bahamas . February 5, 2019 .
  30. Web site: Nao Santa Maria Monument . The Bahamas Family of Islands . February 5, 2019 .
  31. Web site: Olympic Monument at Columbus Landing . Columbus Monuments . February 5, 2019 .
  32. Web site: Tappan Monument (Heloise marker) . Columbus Monuments . February 5, 2019 .
  33. Web site: Underwater Monument . Columbus Monuments . February 5, 2019 .
  34. Web site: UNESCO Monument . The Islands of the Bahamas . February 5, 2019 .
  35. Web site: La Paz – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  36. Web site: Muçum – Cristóvão Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  37. Web site: Rio de Janeiro – Cristóvão Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  38. Web site: Santa Rosa – Cristóvão Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  39. Web site: Santos – Homenagem ao Descobrimento da América. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  40. Web site: São Paulo – Cristóvão Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  41. Web site: Fredericton – Columbus Quincentennial Flagpole. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-15.
  42. Web site: Montréal – Buste de Christophe Colombe. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-15.
  43. Web site: Oromocto – Columbus Quincentennial Flagpole. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-15.
  44. Web site: Regina – Model Santa Maria. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-15.
  45. Web site: Toronto – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-15.
  46. Web site: Vancouver – Colombo giovinetto. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-15.
  47. Web site: Arica – Busto de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  48. Web site: Iquique – Busto de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  49. Web site: Santiago de Chile – Busto de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  50. Web site: Santiago de Chile – 500th anniversary. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  51. Web site: Valparaiso – Cristóbal Colón en la Avenida Brasil. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  52. Web site: Valparaiso – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  53. Web site: Barranquilla – Estatua de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  54. Web site: Barranquilla – Busto de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  55. Web site: Bogotá – Monumento a la Reina Isabel y Cristobal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  56. Web site: Christopher Columbus - Cartagena, Colombia - Statues of Historic Figures on Waymarking.com. www.waymarking.com. en. 2017-10-11.
  57. Web site: Puerto Limón – Cristóbal y Hernando Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  58. Web site: San José – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  59. Web site: Baracoa – Cruz de Parra. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  60. Web site: Baracoa – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  61. Web site: Bayamo – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  62. Web site: Cárdenas – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  63. Web site: Cayo Bariay – Encounter of cultures. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  64. Web site: Colón – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  65. Web site: Guardalavaca (Banes) – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  66. Web site: La Habana – Tomba de Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  67. Web site: La Habana – Busto de Colón en la puerta del Cementerio de Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  68. Web site: La Habana – Estatua de Colón en el Museo de la Ciudad. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  69. Web site: La Habana – Busto de Colón en el Museo de la Revolución. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  70. Web site: La Habana – Busto de Colón en el Templete. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  71. Web site: Matanzas – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  72. Web site: Santiago de Cuba – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  73. Web site: Quito – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  74. Web site: al-Iskandariyya – الإسكندرية (Alexandria) – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-16.
  75. Web site: San Salvador – Cristóbal Colón y la reina Isabel. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  76. Web site: Guatemala – Monumento a Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  77. Web site: Guatemala – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  78. Web site: Salcajá – Cruz de Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  79. Web site: Port-au-Prince – Christophe Colomb. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  80. Web site: Comayagüela – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  81. Web site: Trujillo – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  82. Web site: Galway - Gaillimh - Monument for Columbus visit to Galway. 2020-06-18. statues.vanderkrogt.net.
  83. Web site: Abano Terme – Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  84. Web site: Bettola – Lapide commemorativa del 400° anniversario. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  85. Web site: Bettola – Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  86. Web site: Bettola – Lapidi sulla Torre Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  87. Web site: Bistagno – Colombo giovinetto. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  88. Web site: Chiavari – Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  89. Web site: Chiusanico – Caravella nel marciapiede. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  90. Web site: Chiusanico – Casa Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  91. Web site: Chiusanico – Lapide del'origine della famiglia di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  92. Web site: Chiusanico – Busto di Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  93. Web site: Cicagna – Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  94. Web site: Cogoleto – Lapide sulla chiesa Sta. Maria. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  95. Web site: Cogoleto – Lapide commemorativa della visita de Princetown nel 1847. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  96. Web site: Cogoleto – Monumento a Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  97. Web site: Cogoleto – Ritratto e le scene della vita di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  98. Web site: Cogoleto – Affresco sulla casa natale di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  99. Web site: Cogoleto – Lapide commemorativa della visita di re Umberto I nel 1857. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  100. Web site: Cogoleto – Cogoleto Municipio. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  101. Web site: Cuccaro Monferrato – Monumento del 500° anniversario. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  102. Web site: Cuccaro Monferrato – Lapide commemorativa del 500° anniversario. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  103. Web site: Cuccaro Monferrato – Lapide commemorativa del dinastia di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  104. Web site: Diano Marina – Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  105. Web site: Fontanarossa (Piacenza) – Lapide sulla casa natale di madre di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  106. Web site: Genova – Affresco sulla facciata del Palazzo di San Giorgio. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  107. Web site: Genova – La Vela di Columbo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  108. Web site: Genova – Marciapiede Campopisano. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  109. Web site: Genova – Rilievi del Castello D'Albertis. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  110. Web site: Genova – Colombo giovinetto. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  111. Web site: Genova – Il Bigo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  112. Web site: Genova – Lapide sulla Palazzo di San Giorgio. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  113. Web site: Genova – Busto di Cristoforo Colombo nel Palazzo Reale. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  114. Web site: Genova – Monumento a Colombo nel Palazzo Rosso. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  115. Web site: Genova – Monumento a Colombo in Piazza Acquaverde. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  116. Web site: Genova – Rilievi su Piazza Dante. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  117. Web site: Genova – Busto di Cristoforo Colombo nel Palazzo della Regione. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  118. Web site: Genova – Giardini di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  119. Web site: Genova – Ritratto di Colombo con le navi. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  120. Web site: Genova – Busto di Cristoforo Colombo nel Stazione Marittima. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  121. Web site: Genova – La Nave Umana. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  122. Web site: Genova – Statua di Cristoforo Colombo nel Liceo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  123. Web site: Genova – Busto di Cristoforo Colombo nel Palazzo Tursi. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  124. Web site: Genova – Statua di Cristoforo Colombo in Via Gramsci. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  125. Web site: Genova – Casa de Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  126. Web site: La Spezia – Due statue di Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  127. Web site: Lavagna – Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  128. Web site: Lucca – San Michele e 35 protomi di figure storiche. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  129. Web site: Milano – Statua di Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  130. Web site: Milano – Busto di Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  131. Web site: Mirandola – Medaglioni ritratto di illustri italiani. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  132. Web site: Moconesi – Affresco con Colombo, Dante e Petrarca. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  133. Web site: Moconesi – La Casa degli Avi di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  134. Web site: Moconesi – Scultura commemorativa di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  135. Web site: Moconesi – Lapide commemorativa de 1889. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  136. Web site: Moconesi – Lapide commemorativa del 500° anniversario. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  137. Web site: Noli – Commemorazione della partenza di Colombo da Genova nel 1476. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  138. Web site: Ovada – Ritratto di Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  139. Web site: Parma – Colombo giovinetto. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  140. Web site: Pavia – Busto di Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  141. Web site: Rapallo – Affresco di Colombo e altri illustri italiani. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  142. Web site: Rapallo – Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  143. Web site: Roma – Busto di Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  144. Web site: San Colombano Certenoli – Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  145. Web site: Santa Margherita Ligure – Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  146. Web site: Santo Stefano d'Aveto – Ritratto di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  147. Web site: Savona – Busto di Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  148. Web site: Savona – Commemorativa sulla casa del padre di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  149. Web site: Savona – Commemorativa in Via San Giuliano. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  150. Web site: Sestri Levante – Vela per Cristoforo Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  151. Web site: Torino – Ritratto di Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-13.
  152. Web site: Discovery Bay – Cross at Columbus' Landing. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  153. Web site: St. Ann's Bay – New Seville Plaque. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  154. Web site: St. Ann's Bay – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-12.
  155. Groseclose, Barbara. "Monuments and Memorials", The Christopher Columbus Encyclopedia, Simon and Schuster 1992, vol. 2 p. 481.
  156. Web site: Managua – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  157. Web site: Colón – Monumento a Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  158. Web site: Asunción – Busto de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  159. Web site: Callao – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  160. Web site: Cuzco – Placa conmemorativa de la resistencia andina. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  161. Web site: Lima – Monumento a Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  162. Web site: Pisco – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  163. Web site: Tacna – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  164. Web site: Cuba – Cristóvão Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  165. Web site: Cuba – Cristóvão Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  166. Web site: Funchal – Regata "América 500". vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  167. Web site: Funchal – Cristóvão Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  168. Web site: Lisboa – Mural mostrando os Descobrimentos Português. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  169. Web site: Vila Baleira (Ilha do Porto Santo) – Cristóvão Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  170. Web site: Vila do Porto – Cristóvão Colombo. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  171. Web site: Murga . Tammy . Mapp . Lauren J . 2022-11-03 . Chula Vista park where Columbus statue once stood will be renamed for Kumeyaay Nation . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20221103002600/https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/communities/south-county/story/2022-11-02/chula-vista-park-where-columbus-statue-once-stood-will-instead-honor-kumeyaay-nation-with-new-name . 2022-11-03 . 2023-10-29 . . en-US.
  172. Web site: City's Last Columbus Statue Removed in South Chicago. 31 July 2020.
  173. Web site: Mayor's Office Releases Statement After Columbus Statues Removed in Chicago. 2021-12-03. NBC Chicago. en-US.
  174. Web site: Christopher Columbus Statues Taken Down After Mayor Lightfoot Orders Them 'Temporarily Removed' From Grant Park, Arrigo Park . CBS2 Chicago . July 24, 2020 . 24 July 2020.
  175. Web site: Hawkins . Ellie . 2020-10-09 . Christopher Columbus statue removed from Laura Bradley Park . 2023-10-16 . The Bradley Scout . en-US.
  176. Web site: Dahlhoff . Tory . 2020-09-24 . Columbus Statue Will Be Removed From Bradley Park . 2023-10-16 . WCBU Peoria . en.
  177. Web site: Shelley . Tim . 2023-05-25 . Peoria Park Board expresses hesitation with moving forward on replacing Columbus statue with a Greek goddess in Bradley Park . 2023-10-16 . WCBU Peoria . en.
  178. Web site: Columbus Murals .
  179. News: Christopher Columbus statue near Little Italy brought down, tossed into Baltimore's Inner Harbor . 5 July 2020 . Baltimore Sun . 4 July 2020.
  180. Web site: Protesters topple Columbus statue on Minnesota Capitol grounds.
  181. Web site: Columbus statue taken down in Tower Grove Park in St. Louis.
  182. Web site: NJ - East Hanover: Cristoforo Colombo. 3 July 2009.
  183. Web site: Lindenhurst - Columbus monument. 2020-06-12. vanderkrogt.net.
  184. Web site: Clemente Spampinato Bronze Sculpture. 2020-06-12. www.spampinatobronze.com.
  185. News: Tearing Down Statues of Columbus Also Tears Down My History. New York Times. October 9, 2017. October 30, 2017. John. Viola.
  186. Web site: Bethlehem – Memorial to Admiral Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  187. Web site: Bethlehem to move Christopher Columbus monument from Rose Garden to Catholic cemetery . 24 June 2021 .
  188. Web site: Bristol – Bust of Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  189. Web site: Bryn Mawr – Bust of Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  190. Web site: Carbondale – Bust of Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  191. Web site: Chester – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  192. Web site: Conshohocken – Bust of Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  193. Web site: Easton – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  194. Web site: Hazleton – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  195. Web site: Lancaster – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  196. Web site: Norristown – Hello Columbus Monument. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  197. Web site: Philadelphia – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  198. Web site: Philadelphia – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  199. Web site: Philadelphia – Columbus Obelisk. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  200. Web site: Philadelphia – Bust of Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  201. Web site: Pittsburgh – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  202. Web site: Pittston – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  203. News: Italian stoneworker's Scranton work includes courthouse statue. Kashuba. Cheryl A.. 2017-10-10. en-US.
  204. Web site: Scranton – Christopher Columbus. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-10.
  205. News: Huge Columbus statue unveiled in Puerto Rico. 2016-06-15. Reuters. 2017-10-16.
  206. Web site: Durazno – Monumento a Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  207. Web site: Montevideo – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  208. Web site: Caracas – Cristóbal Colón en el Parque El Calvario. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  209. Web site: Caracas – Monumento a Colón en el Golfo triste. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  210. Web site: Carúpano – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  211. Web site: Macuro – Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  212. Web site: Mérida – Busto de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  213. Web site: Mucuchachí – Busto de Cristóbal Colón. vanderkrogt.net. 2017-10-11.
  214. Web site: 54 U.S. communities carry Columbus' legacy in their names. Thomas. G. Scott. www.bizjournals.com. 2017-10-18.
  215. News: The Invention of Christopher Columbus, American Hero. Burmila. Edward. 2017-10-09. The Nation. 2017-10-11. 0027-8378.