List of monetary reformers explained

This is a list of monetary reformers from the past to the present according to several schools of thought.

Monetary reformers primarily belong to the following groups:

• Supporters of publicly issued money who oppose charging interest on issuance of money, formerly called "Greenbackers" in late 19th century United States,
• the Austrian School who generally support a return to the gold standard or full-reserve banking, and
• the Post-Keynesian School who generally wish to regulate or reduce leverage and debt in the economy or direct it to "productive, non-speculative" uses.

Most of these groups are critical of fractional-reserve banking,^{[1] [2]} a practice which is described by critics as "creating money out of thin air". According to the Bank of England "rather than banks lending out deposits that are placed with them, the act of lending creates deposits – the reverse of the sequence typically described in textbooks".^[3]

Public, community and self-issuance of money

Publicly issued, debt-free money or interest-free credit

• Ellen Brown
• Jacob Coxey
• Henry Clay Dean
• Benjamin Franklin
• Gottfried Feder
• Silvio Gesell
• Joseph Huber
• Andrew Jackson
• Dennis Kucinich
• Abraham Lincoln
• Gerry McGeer
• James Robertson
• Michael Rowbotham
• James Gibb Stuart
• Edmund Dick Taylor
• Richard Werner
• Stephen Zarlenga

Social credit

• C. H. Douglas
• Edmund Dwyer-Gray
• George McElwee
• George Gray
• John Hargrave
• Robert A. Heinlein
• Denis Ireland
• Eric de Maré
• Alfred Richard Orage

Alternative, complementary, local currencies and environmentalists

• Herman Daly
• Richard Douthwaite
• Silvio Gesell
• Thomas H. Greco, Jr.
• Margrit Kennedy
• Bernard Lietaer
• E.C. Riegel

Austrian School (gold standard or full-reserve banking supporters)

See more in list of Austrian School economists

• Friedrich Hayek
• Ludwig von Mises
• Gary North
• Ron Paul
• Murray Rothbard
• Peter Schiff
• Jesús Huerta de Soto
• G. Edward Griffin
• Gerald Celente
• Javier Milei

Post-Keynesians

See more in list of Post-Keynesian economists

• Steve Keen
• Michael Hudson

Organisations

• International: International Movement for Monetary Reform^[4]
• Canada: Comer
• Denmark: Gode Penge. https://www.godepenge.dk
• European Union: Positive Money Europe^[5]
• Finland: Talousdemokratia. http://talousdemokratia.fi
• France: Mouvement Monnaie Juste. https://mouvement-monnaie-juste.blog4ever.com
• Germany: Monetative.^[6]
• Greece: Fekyou. http://fekyou.info
• India: Money Reforms India. http://www.moneyreformsindia.org
• Ireland: Sensible Money. http://sensiblemoney.ie
• Italy: Moneta Bene Comune. http://www.monetabenecomune.it. Moneta Positiva. http://monetapositiva.it/
• Netherlands: Ons Geld.^[7]
• New Zealand. Positive Money NZ. http://www.positivemoney.org.nz
• Poland. Pieniądz Pozytywny. http://pieniadzpozytywny.blogspot.com
• Sweden. Positiva Pengar. https://positivapengar.se/
• Switzerland: Monetary Modernisation association^{[8] [9]}
• Switzerland: Sovereign Money Initiative^{[10] [9] [11]}
• United Kingdom: Positive Money^{[12] [13]}
• United States: American Monetary Institute
• United States: Alliance For Just Money http://monetaryalliance.org/

See also

• Monetary reform
• Money creation
• Credit theory of money
• Money as Debt
• Criticism of fractional-reserve banking
• Criticism of the Federal Reserve
• Sovereign Money Initiative
• Adair Turner, Baron Turner of Ecchinswell^[14]

Notes and References

1. Web site: Pibel . Doug . How Banks Make Money Creating Money Out of Thin Air . Yesmagazine.org . July 7, 2009 . September 19, 2011.
2. Web site: Polleit . Thorsten . The Faults of Fractional-Reserve Banking . Mises Daily . December 23, 2010 . September 19, 2011.
3. Jem Bendell, "There is a magic money tree, but it's only magic for banks", HuffPost, 5 June 2017 (page visited on 25 February 2018).
4. Web site: International Movement for Monetary Reform . International Movement for Monetary Reform . 30 August 2018.
5. Web site: Positive Money Europe . Positive Money Europe . 25 June 2018.
6. Web site: Monetative . Monetative . 25 June 2018.
7. Web site: Ons Geld . Ons Geld . 25 June 2018.
8. Monetary Modernisation association, official website (page visited on 23 February 2018).
9. "Monnaie pleine : une opportunité en Suisse pour changer la monnaie" [The "sovereign money" initiative: an opportunity to change currency in Switzerland], La revue durable, number 60, winter-spring 2017-2018, pages 26-29.
10. https://www.vollgeld-initiative.ch/english/ "Sovereign money" initiative
11. Mehreen Khan, "Switzerland to vote on banning banks from creating money", The Daily Telegraph, 24 December 2015 (page visited on 23 February 2018).
12. Fran Boait, "Monetary policy has an enormous impact on politics. It's time for a radical rethink", The Guardian, 12 October 2016 (page visited on 23 February 2018).
13. Jason Hickel, "To deal with climate change we need a new financial system", The Guardian, 5 November 2016 (page visited on 23 February 2018).
14. https://www.vollgeld-initiative.ch/fa/img/Texte_Dokumente_Englisch/2016-10-03_Meeting_Turner_2.pdf Members of the Vollgeld-Initiative meet with Adair Lord Turner, British business man, academic, former director of the Financial Market Authority and author of the book Between Debt and Devil