List of equipment of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force explained

The following is a list of equipment currently in service with the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force.

Base supplies

Camouflage patterns

Name	Used by	Notes	Period used
	1st Airborne Brigade, JGSDF Air Defense Artillery Groups	Also known as "Old Camo" or "Airborne Camo", it is the first camo scheme adopted by Japan after World War II. It is based on Hokkaido's wilderness (effective in Sasa veitchii field). The shades become distinguishable after wash, and the pattern itself doesn't match to the environment in mainland Japan, leading to the introduction of Type II camouflage.	1970s–1990s (still in limited use in 2014)
	Currently used by the JGSDF, the JMSDF, Japan National Defense Academy cadets, and JASDF Air Rescue Wings Pararescuemen.	Second domestically designed pattern. Made from 50% cotton/50% vinylon or 70% vinylon/30% cotton. The earlier model had anti-IR/flame-resistant fabric, but the latter lacks the feature.	1991–present
	JGSDF	Darker contrast on Type II Flecktarn camo to fit the color of winter plants. Used on JGSDF Type-2 Camouflage Cold Weather Field Parka and Trousers(防寒戦闘服外衣, 戦闘外被, or shortly 外被).	1991–present
	Recently adopted by the JGSDF	Modified from ''Type II'' pattern with a 50% cotton/50% vinylon or 70% vinylon/30% cotton fabric (depending on the year of contract/manufacturer) and other changes including a change in the front closure, a mandarin collar, Velcro cuffs and pocket lids, wider pen pockets, a loop inside the right chest pocket for ID card chain, two calf storage pockets, and knee pads in the trousers. The back pocket on the trousers has been eliminated. The belt (made from the same fabric) comes with a name tag, unlike the former Type II Combat Uniform/Type II Camouflaged Work Uniform. The Type III Combat Uniform/Type III Camouflaged Work Uniform（戦闘服3型・迷彩作業服3型, or shortly 戦闘服）has the same pattern as the Type II camouflage. Each soldier receives two sets of the Type III Work Uniform after enlisting, and after the boot camp each soldier receives two sets of Type III Combat Uniform, Airborne Uniform or Tank Uniform, depending on the unit the soldier belongs to. The Combat Uniform and Camouflaged Work Uniform are identical to each other, except for the product tag. Commercial version of the item (100% polyester version, cotton/poli version etc.) is no longer authorized to be used, including the vinylon/cotton fabric version. The use of commercial combat cap in vinylon/cotton fabric is authorized. The commercial versions have slightly different shades.| 2007–present|-| JGSDF Desert camouflage| JGSDF International Peace Cooperation Activities Training Unit, JGSDF Central Readiness Force| Adopted by the JGSDF for Middle Eastern deployments. This camo is a desert version of the JGSDF's flecktarn pattern. The first unit using this particular camouflage was the Central Readiness Force during the 4th DAPE (Deployment Air Force for Counter-Piracy Operation) in the Gulf of Aden.| June 2010–present|} Uniforms Name Description Image Miscellaneous clothing. Issued as a personal item. Jungle boots with kevlar-like lining, the same model issued as a personal item is called ")" Cold-Weather Boots Compatible with military issue cross-country skis Work Jacket Issued as personal item. Intended to be used in cold seasons over the work uniform. Consists of two chest pockets and two lower pockets (with flaps without closures). Combat Underwear Type 2 Khaki flame-resistant T-shirt, mainly used for ceremonial purposes. Cold-Weather Combat Uniform Inner (Under) A long-sleeved shirt and matching pants, made from thin synthetic fabric. Cold-Weather Combat Uniform Inner (Outer) Acryl sweater and matching pants, comes with a buttoned collar which is worn folded. Name tags Unlike the rank/skill insignias (in a green shade of the current camo), usually the name tags are in the olive drab of the Type 65 Work Uniform. Since the army regulation doesn't mention the name tags, each unit has its own regulation for the tags. Therefore, the layout, length, font, letters (Japanese or Latin alphabet), placement, method of attachment (either sewing or using velcro) etc. vary. Some troops do not use name tags for winter jackets. Shoulder pouch May be purchased individually, since the combat uniform doesn't have shoulder pockets. There are various commercial versions. Some troops use the velcro version to attach unit patches, insignias etc.. Tracksuits and running shoes Recruits are required to buy their own tracksuits and a pair of running shoes upon enlistment. Called the "ジャー戦 (Jaasen, literally jersey and combat uniform)", it is composed of a combat jacket, combat cap, trackpants and sneakers. This uniform code is often used in boot camp for jogging, eating in canteen or bathing. 部隊識別帽 (Baseball Cap) Many troops use baseball caps with the troop's logo instead of the issued combat cap. Since it is unofficially introduced, it is not provided by the Force. There are no standards for the cap, although, in many cases the cap has the soldier's family name on top of the left ear. CAB Clothing Coolnice 2 Pack OD T-shirts Issued to some troops during the 2011 Tohoku campaigns. Carabiner May be purchased individually, to attach it to the either right or left waist tab on the combat uniform to hang gloves or combat cap. Protection Name Type Description Image Type 66 helmet Helmet Largely replaced by the Type 88 helmet. Like the American M1 helmet upon which it was based, it is made of iron alloy. Type 88 Helmet Helmet Japanese version of Kevlar PASGT helmet, replacing Type 66 helmet. Bullet-proof vest The first body armor to be fully introduced by the Japan Self-Defense Forces in 1992. It is one piece of equipment adopted as part of the combat wear set, and is modeled after the US military's PASGT. Bullet-proof vest The Type 2 bullet-proof vest is the successor to the Combat Bulletproof Vest, and like the Combat Bulletproof Vest, it uses the same camouflage as the Type 2 Camouflage Uniform. Bullet-proof vest It is a successor to the Type 2 bullet-proof vest, which has been deployed since the early 2000s, and was first procured under the fiscal year 2012 budget. (AVS) Bullet-proof vest The Type 18 bulletproof vest is a body armor adopted as a successor to the Type 3 bulletproof vest and is part of the new combat wear set that began to be procured from the fiscal year 2023. Rations Type I Combat Rations – Can-meshi (canned type ration packs)^[1] Type II Combat Rations – Pack-meshi (boiled in bag type ration packs) Survival Ration Pack – Emergency rations for aircrew, etc. Also used by ASDF & MSDF. Training Rations – Commercial style perishable food/drink items used in exercises, on base, and when supplying civilians at PR events or during disaster relief.) MCW/LRP ration – Japanese-produced equivalent of the American ration. Infantry weapons Standard issue weapons Name Type Caliber Origin Notes Image Handguns Minebea P9 Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum Made under license by Minebea, designated the Minebea P9. Used with a leather holster or Safariland leg holster. Standard issue as of 1982.^[2] H&K SFP9-M Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum Replacement for the SIG P220 beginning in 2020.As of 2024, 923 have been purchased (303 in 2022, 297 in 2021, 323 in 2020). Submachine guns Minebea 9mm Machine Pistol Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum Made by Minebea. Introduced in 1999, it is the only domestically produced submachine gun of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. It is derived from the Uzi.^[3] Assault rifles and battle rifles Howa Type 89 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO Service rifle, entered service in 1989. Howa Type 64 Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO Service rifle, entered service in 1964. It is gas-operated. Howa Type 20 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO New service rifle, replacing the Howa Type 89, beginning in 2020. As of 2024, 28,057 have been purchased (9,927 in 2024,^[4] 8,577 in 2023,^[5] 2,928 in 2022,^[6] 3,342 in 2021,^[7] 3,283 in 2020^[8]). Beretta GLX160 will be installed as under-barrel grenade launchers on some of the rifles.^[9] Machine guns Sumitomo MINIMI 5.56mm Machine Gun Light machine gun 5.56×45mm NATO Made under license by Sumitomo, standard squad-level machine gun. Unique to the Sumitomo Minimi, the barrel has a heat shield.^[10] Minimi MK3 Light machine gun 5.56×45mm NATO Belgium Successor of the Sumitomo MINIMI. 514 to be ordered in 2024 for $6.88 million.A total of 3,100 is planned to be purchased. NTK/Sumitomo Type 62 machine gun General purpose machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO Made by Sumitomo. It has been largely superseded by the Minimi, but it is still used for infantry support as a medium machine gun, and in certain vehicle-mounted roles.^[11] NTK/Sumitomo Type 74 In-vehicle machine gun In-vehicle machine gun 7.62×51mm NATO Fixed-mount variant of the Type 62 used specifically for armoured fighting vehicles.^[12] Sumitomo J2 12.7mm Heavy Machine Gun Heavy machine gun 12.7x99mm NATO (.50 BMG) ^[13] M2 Browning made under license by Sumitomo. Precision rifles Howa Type 64 Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm NATO M24 A2 Sniper Rifle Sniper rifle 7.62×51mm NATO Made by Remington Arms. Introduced to the JSDF in 2002, it is used by snipers,^[14] the 1st Airborne Brigade^[15] and Special Forces Group.^[16] Being replaced by the HK417. HK417, G28 E2 Designated marksman rifle 7.62×51mm NATO 182 to be order in 2024 for $6.88 million.The intention to purchase a total of 900 of these rifles.Successor of the M24 A2. Grenades / grenade launchers M67 series fragmentation grenade Hand grenade – ^[17] Beretta GLX 160 Under-barrel grenade launcher 40×46 mm LV Italy Selected to equip the Type 20 rifles. Type 06 rifle grenade Rifle grenade – Made by Daikin in 2006. A HEAT rifle grenade that can be attached to either the Howa Type 64 or Type 89.^[18] Howa Type 96 40mm Automatic Grenade Launcher Automatic grenade launcher 40x46mm First entered service in 1996. It is a blow forward weapon and is used in both infantry and vehicle roles.^[19] Man-portable anti-tank systems Howa 84RR Recoilless rifle 84x246mm Sweden Made under license by Howa, designated the 84 mm Recoilless Rifle. Nissan110mm LAM Anti-tank rocket launcher 110mm Made under license by Nissan/IHI IHI Aerospace.^[20] Type 79 anti-landing-craft and anti-tank missile Heavy anti-tank/landing-craft guided missile 153mm Built by Kawasaki.^[21] Type 87 anti-tank missile Laser guided anti-tank missile 110mm Built by Kawasaki.^[22] Type 01 light anti-tank missile Anti-tank guided missile 140mm Built by Kawasaki.^[23] Mines M18 Claymore mine – Can be detonated either by tripwire or remote control.^[24] Special forces use Name Type Caliber Origin Notes Image Handguns H&K USP Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum Only Japanese Special Forces Group.^[25] Submachine guns H&K MP5 Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum Only Japanese Special Forces Group.^[26] H&K MP7 Personal defense weapon HK 4.6×30mm Only Japanese Special Forces Group.^[27] Assault rifles and battle rifles M4 carbine Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO Only Japanese Special Forces Group.^[28] FN SCAR Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO Only Japanese Special Forces Group.^[29] Heckler & Koch G36 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO ^[30] Only Japanese Special Forces Group^[31] Heckler & Koch HK416 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO HK417 Battle rifle 7.62×51mm NATO ^[32] Being acquired for the JGSDF as the G28. Grenades / grenade launchers M203 grenade launcher Underbarrel grenade launcher 40x46mm ^[33] M32A1 Multiple Grenade Launcher Rotary grenade launcher 40x46mm South Africa ^[34] Man-portable anti-tank systems M72 LAW Disposable anti-tank rocket launcher 66mm Norway ^[35] Indirect fire Name Type Caliber Origin Quantiy Notes Image Mortars Type 96 Heavy mortar (RT 120mm Mortar) Heavy mortar 120mm 462 Built under license with the ordnance by Howa. Total of 462 purchased from 1990 to 2017.^[36] L16 81mm Mortar Mortar 81mm — Built under license with the ordnance by Howa.^[37] Hirtenberger M6C-210 Light mortar 60mm Austria — ^[38] Self-propelled mortar Type 96 120 mm Self-propelled Mortar Self-propelled mortar 120 mm 24 Nicknamed the Gottohanma (God hammer). Built by Hitachi/Howa^[39] Howitzer FH-70 Towed howitzer 155 mm 480 Built under license with the ordnance by Japan Steel Works. Total of 480 built as of 2008.^[40] Self-propelled howitzer Type 99 155 mm Self-propelled Howitzer Self-propelled howitzer 155 mm L/52 135 Built by Mitsubishi/Japan Steel Works Wheeled self-propelled howitzer 155 mm L/52 14 Built by Japan Steel Works.Orders: 7 ordered with 2019 budget^[41] 7 ordered with 2020 budget 7 ordered with 2021 budget^[42] 7 ordered with 2022 budget^[43] 16 ordered with 2024 budget^[44] 14 planned with 2025 budget^[45] Up to 200 planned eventually ^[46] Rocket artillery M270 MLRS Multiple rocket launcher — 54 Built under license with the ordnance by IHI AEROSPACE Artillery support vehicles Type 99 Artillery Support Vehicle Artillery Support Vehicle — — Built by Hitachi Ammunition resupply vehicle — — Built by Hitachi Vehicles Name Type Origin Quantity Notes Image Armoured fighting vehicles Type 10 Main battle tank 111 ^[47] (10 on order budget 2024) Built by Mitsubishi. Type 90 Main battle tank 340^[48] ^[49] Built by Mitsubishi until 2009. Mitsubishi Type 89 IFV Infantry fighting vehicle 70^[50] Built by Mitsubishi and Komatsu Type 16 MCV Wheeled tank destroyer 100(2023) Built by Mitsubishi.250 vehicles total are planned, 240 ordered in total as of 2024.^[51] Middle-range multi-purpose missile system (Chū-MPMS) Anti-tank/landing-craft missile — Built by Kawasaki. Type 96 multi-purpose missile system Anti-tank/landing-craft missile — Built by Kawasaki.^[52] Reconnaissance vehicles Type 87 RCV Reconnaissance vehicle 111 Built by Komatsu Chemical Reconnaissance Vehicle Chemical reconnaissance vehicle 34 Built by Komatsu NBC Reconnaissance Vehicle Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear reconnaissance vehicle 21 Built by Komatsu Armoured vehicles Type 73 armored personnel carrier Armoured personnel carrier 338^[53] Built by Mitsubishi Type 96 wheeled armored personnel carrier^[54] Armoured personnel carrier 400^[55] Built by Komatsu Type 82 command and communication vehicle Command and communication vehicle 197 Built by Komatsu. Similar in role to the American M1130 commander's vehicle. Komatsu LAV Armored car 1,818 Built until 2019. Bushmaster Protected Mobility Vehicle Infantry mobility vehicle 8 Built by Thales Australia AAV7A1 RAM/RS Amphibious assault vehicle 52 Imported from BAE Systems. Armoured recovery/engineering vehicle Type 11 Armoured Recovery Vehicle Armoured recovery vehicle 4 Built by Mitsubishi Type 90 Armoured Recovery Vehicle Armoured recovery vehicle 30 Built by Mitsubishi Type 78 Armoured Recovery Vehicle Armoured recovery vehicle 36 Built by Mitsubishi Type 91 Armoured Vehicle-launched Bridge Armoured vehicle-launched bridge 22 Built by Mitsubishi Type 92 Mine Clearance Vehicle Mine clearance vehicle – equipped with a mine-clearing line charge system Built by Nissan Motor Aerospace division (pre-2000)/IHI Aerospace Co., Ltd./Hitachi Miscellaneous Mitsubishi Type 73 light truck Off-road vehicle Built by Mitsubishi. Production ceased in 1997. Toyota Type 73 medium truck Four-wheel-drive truck Built by Toyota. Used specifically for transport purposes. Isuzu Type 73 heavy truck Heavy truck Built by Isuzu. Mitsubishi Fuso Type 74 extra-large truck Heavy truck Built by Mitsubishi Fuso (formerly Mitsubishi Motors) Mitsubishi Fuso Type 73 semi-trailer truck Semi-trailer truck Built by Mitsubishi Fuso (formerly Mitsubishi Motors) Toyota high-mobility vehicle Four-wheel-drive sport utility vehicle 3,000 Built by Toyota. Production ceased in 2001. Honda XL250 Reconnaissance motorcycle Built by Honda. Production ceased in 1992. Air defence Name Type Caliber Origin Quantity Notes Image Man portable air-defence Type 91 portable surface-to-air missile Man-portable surface-to-air missile 80mm — Built by Toshiba. FIM-92A Stinger Man-portable air-defense system 70mm — ^[56] Short range air-defence missiles Type 81 short-range surface-to-air missile Surface-to-air missile 160mm — Built by Toshiba. Type 93 short-range surface-to-air missile Surface-to-air missile 80mm — Built by Toshiba. Type 11 short-range surface-to-air missile Surface-to-air missile 160mm — Built by Toshiba. Medium range air defence missiles Improved-HAWK Surface-to-air missile 370mm — Made under license by Mitsubishi/Toshiba. Type 03 medium-range surface-to-air missile Surface-to-air missile 320mm — Built by Mitsubishi/Toshiba. Anti-aircraft gun Type 87 SPAAG Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun 35 mm 52 Built by Mitsubishi, nicknamed as the "Gum-tank" (Gundam Tank). Coastal defence Name Type Caliber Origin Notes Image Surface-to-ship missile Type 12 surface-to-ship missile^[57] Anti-ship missile 350mm Built by Mitsubishi. Type 88 surface-to-ship missile^[58] Anti-ship missile 350mm Built by Mitsubishi. Aircraft Name Origin Role Variant In service On order Notes Photo Fixed-wing aircraft Beechcraft Super King Air B300 Reconnaissance and communications LR-2 8 ^[59] — Tilt-rotor aircraft Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey V/STOL military transport aircraft MV-22B 14 ^[60] + 3 17 planned in total ^[61] Rotary-wing aircraft Boeing AH-64 Apache Attack helicopter AH-64DJP 12 — 13 built by Fuji. One crashed on 5 February 2018.^[62] Bell AH-1 Cobra Attack helicopter AH-1S 48 — Built by Fuji. Kawasaki OH-1 Scout helicopter OH-1 37 — Replaced the OH-6D fleet. UH-60 Black Hawk Transport helicopter UH-60JA 39 — Most built by Mitsubishi. One crashed on 6 April 2023. Bell UH-1 Utility helicopter UH-1J 115 — Built by Fuji. To be replaced by the Subaru-Bell UH-2. Subaru-Bell UH-2 Canada Utility helicopter UH-2 6 + 21+123 150 planned to be ordered in the programme.^[63] ^[64] Confirmed purchases: 6 ordered in 2019 20 ordered in 2021 13 ordered in 2023 Boeing CH-47 Chinook Transport helicopter CH-47J CH-47JA 50 — Built by Kawasaki Trainer aircraft Enstrom 480 Trainer helicopter TH-480B 30 UAVs (Unmanned aerial vehicles) Fuji FFOSand Fuji FFRS Reconnais-sance UAV Small helicopter unmanned aerial vehicle. Primarily used as a forward reconnaissance platform for field artillery.^[65] ^[66] Boeing Insitu ScanEagle Reconnais-sance UAV 1 Delivered by Insitu Pacific^[67] Yamaha R-MAX Reconnais-sance UAV Small helicopter unmanned aerial vehicle^[68] Honeywell RQ-16 T-Hawk Surveillance unmanned aerial vehicle Apparently in service in some numbers with the Central Readiness Force. Used primarily for hazardous area reconnaissance (e.g. radiation survey). Japanese Emperor’s Royal Flight Service Eurocopter EC 225 VIP helicopter EC 225LP 3 — Replacing the AS332L^[69] ^[70] Future equipment of the Japan Ground Self-Defence Force Vehicles Name Origin Type Quantity Notes Image Armoured vehicles — — New platform in development to replace the Mitsubishi Type 89 IFV.^[71] — Armoured personnel carrier — New tracked platform in development to replace the Type 73 armored personnel carrier. — Armoured mortar carrier — New platform in development to be equipped with a turreted 120 mm mortar. Infantry combat vehicle 42+ 1 prototype Based on the Type 16 (Common Tactical Wheeled Vehicle programme), first orders made with 2024 budget with delivery from 2027. An additional 18 were ordered in the 2025 budget. Up to 218 vehicles are planned in the 2025 budget. ^[72] Equipment:^[73] ^[74] unmanned turret Mk44 Bushmaster II 30 mm chain gun Mk52 Bushmaster 7.62 mm chain gun Reconnaissance combat vehicle 6+ 1 prototype Based on the Type 16 (Common Tactical Wheeled Vehicle programme), being tested and to replace the Type 87 RCV. An order for 6 vehicles was made in the 2025 budget. Up to 90 vehicles are planned in the 2025 budget.Equipment:^[75] Manned turret Sensor mast Mk44 Bushmaster II 30 mm chain gun Mk52 Bushmaster 7.62 mm chain gun Armoured mortar carrier 16+ 1 prototype Based on the Type 16 (Common Tactical Wheeled Vehicle programme), first orders made with 2024 budget, delivery from 2027. An additional 8 were ordered with the 2025 budget. Up to 83 vehicles are planned in the 2025 budget. Planned to replace the Type 96 120 mm Self-propelled Mortar.Equipment:^[76] Thales 2R2M mortar Patria AMV^XP, Finland Armoured personnel carrier 54 810 planned (approximately) as the Type 96 replacement. First batch of 140 approved. ^[77] ^[78] ^[79] Yearly budget approved: 28 vehicles with the 2024 budget (¥ 20.0 billion)^[80] 26 vehicles with the 2023 budget (¥ 13.6 billion)^[81] Mowag Eagle VorThales Hawkei Switzerlandor Australia Armored car Up to 2,000 Komatsu LAV replacement, selection of the successor ongoing. ^[82] or Historic, retired or reserve equipment See also: Historic, retired or reserve equipment of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. See also: List of Japanese military equipment of World War II. References

Notes and References

1. http://jsw.newpacificinstitute.org/?p=6050 Ration Packs for Japanese Forces
2. Web site: Arthur. Gordon. Weapons of the JGSDF. Small Arms Defense Journal.
3. Web site: Gordon. Arthur. Weapons of the JGSDF. Small Arms Defense Journal.
4. Web site: Overview of the FY2024 Budget (Page 23) .
5. Web site: Overview of the FY2023 Budget (Page 24) .
6. Web site: Overview of FY2022 Budget (Page 49) .
7. Web site: Overview of the FY2021 Budget (Page 49) .
8. Web site: Overview of FY2020 Budget (Page 49) .
9. Web site: 2023-03-28 . Japanese army arming with new types of small weapons . 2024-03-29 . Israel Defense . en.
10. http://www13.plala.or.jp/aconit/e-nerima_soubi.html Exhibition of Equipments.
11. Web site: Modern Firearms' Type 62 machine gun. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20090119032330/http://world.guns.ru/machine/mg55-e.htm. 2009-01-19. 2009-01-13.
12. Web site: ７４式車載7.62mm機関銃. 2009-01-26. Japanese.
13. Web site: Browning M2 . Military Factory.
14. Web site: 【防衛最前線（９０）】あの国の特殊部隊を迎え撃つ、世界一の陸自スナイパーが手に握る「対人狙撃銃」. 5 October 2016.
15. Web site: ja:平成22年 習志野 第1空挺団 降下訓練始め. http://www.hyperdouraku.com/event/jgsdf1st1001/index.html. April 23, 2010. Japanese.
16. Web site: ja:陸上自衛隊唯一の特殊部隊 特殊作戦群の解説. http://jieitaisaiyou.web.fc2.com/tokusyu.html. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20130128031902/http://jieitaisaiyou.web.fc2.com/tokusyu.html. January 28, 2013. November 28, 2012. Japanese.
17. Web site: M67 (Grenade) . Military Factory.
18. Web site: Type 06 AT. 2018-05-26. Military Factory. MilitaryFactory.com.
19. Web site: ja:96式装輪装甲車. http://www.masdf.com/spec/land/japan/96apc.html. 2009-01-13. Japanese.
20. Web site: 110mm 個人携帯対戦車弾. 2009-11-04. ja.
21. Web site: Type 79 Jyu-MAT anti-tank missile system (Japan), Anti-tank weapons . unfit . https://web.archive.org/web/20171019140947/http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Infantry-Weapons/Type-79-Jyu-MAT-anti-tank-missile-system-Japan.html . October 19, 2017 . 2011-06-08 . Jane's.
22. Web site: Type 87 Chu-MAT anti-tank missile system (Japan), Anti-tank weapons . unfit . https://web.archive.org/web/20190215084017/http://articles.janes.com/articles/Janes-Infantry-Weapons/Type-87-Chu-MAT-anti-tank-missile-system-Japan.html . February 15, 2019 . 2011-06-08 . Jane's.
23. Web site: ja:平成22年 習志野 第1空挺団 降下訓練始め . http://www.hyperdouraku.com/event/jgsdf1st1001/index.html . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20100404143500/http://www.hyperdouraku.com/event/jgsdf1st1001/index.html . 2010-04-04 . 2010-04-23 . Japanese.
24. Web site: M18 Claymore. Military Factory.
25. Web site: Gao . Charlie . 15 December 2019 . Heckler and Koch SFP9: Meet the Gun That Beat Glock (At Least in Japan) . National Interest.
26. Web site: 2013-10-23 . 特殊作戦群 Usp . https://web.archive.org/web/20131023063822/http://jieitaisaiyou.web.fc2.com/tokusyu.html . 23 October 2013 . 2023-04-14.
27. Web site: ja:陸上自衛隊唯一の特殊部隊 特殊作戦群の解説 . http://jieitaisaiyou.web.fc2.com/tokusyu.html . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20130128031902/http://jieitaisaiyou.web.fc2.com/tokusyu.html . 28 January 2013 . 2012-11-28 . Japanese . dmy-all.
28. Web site: Daigo Ishiba's statement . ja:全文掲載：飯柴大尉の声明文 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090202113424/http://spikemilrev.com/news/2008/7/29-3.html . 2009-02-02 . 2009-01-12 . Japanese . dmy-all.
29. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20150106103446/http://www.mod.go.jp/gsdf/gmcc/hoto/hkou/14hk113.pdf . 6 January 2015 . 4 April 2015 . dmy-all.
30. Web site: Heckler & Koch HK G36 . Military Factory.
31. Web site: Archived copy . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20160305211810/http://www.mod.go.jp/gsdf/gmcc/hoto/hkou/14hk093.pdf . 5 March 2016 . 3 April 2015 . dmy-all.
32. Web site: Japan to procure Minimi Mk 3 LMGS, G28 E2 snipers .
33. Web site: Colt / AAI M203 . Military Factory.
34. Web site: M32 MGL (Multiple Grenade Launcher) . Military Factory.
35. Web site: M72 LAW (Light Anti-armor Weapon) . Military Factory.
36. Web site: Trade Registers . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20100414022558/http://armstrade.sipri.org/armstrade/page/trade_register.php . 14 April 2010 . 15 March 2019 . Armstrade.sipri.org.
37. Web site: L16 . Weapon Systems.
38. Web site: Hirtenberger M6C (Commando) Lightweight 60mm Infantry Mortar Specifications and Pictures . 2024-03-29 . www.militaryfactory.com.
39. Web site: Type 96 entry in the Self-Propelled Howitzers section at Deagel.com . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20141014134742/http://www.deagel.com/Self-Propelled-Howitzers/Type-96_a000159001.aspx . 14 October 2014 . 9 October 2014 . dmy-all.
40. http://rightwing.sakura.ne.jp/equipment/jgsdf/fieldartillery/fh-70/fh70.html 155mm榴弾砲　FH-70.
41. Web site: JGSDF to acquire additional Type-19 SPHs and Type-16 MCVs . 2024-01-04 . Janes.com . en.
42. Web site: Defense Programs and Budget of Japan Overview of FY2021 Budget (page 49) .
43. Web site: Defense Programs and Budget of Japan - Overview of FY2022 Budget (page 49) .
44. https://www.mod.go.jp/en/d_act/d_budget/pdf/20240607a.pdf
45. Web site: Felstead . Peter . 2024-09-09 . JGSDF calls for numerous AFVs within Japanese MoD’s largest ever budget request - European Security & Defence . 2024-09-09 . euro-sd.com . en-US.
46. https://www.mod.go.jp/atla/soubiseisaku/project/gaiyo_r020930.pdf Page 19
47. Web site: Japan to procure additional Type 10 tanks, Type 19 howitzers . 2024-01-04 . Janes.com . en.
48. Web site: Type 90 . 2023-08-15 . Weaponsystems.net . en.
49. Web site: Type 90 Main Battle Tank MilitaryToday.com . 2023-08-15 . www.militarytoday.com.
50. Web site: Type 89 . 2023-08-15 . Weaponsystems.net . en.
51. Web site: DSEI Japan 2023: Japan plans induction of 250 Type 16 MCVs . 2024-03-29 . Janes.com . en.
52. Web site: Type-96 Multi-Purpose Missile System . Global Security.
53. Web site: Type 73 APC . 2023-08-15 . www.militaryfactory.com.
54. Web site: ARG . Type 96 Armored Personnel Carrier . Military-Today.com . 2011-05-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140222060722/http://www.military-today.com/apc/type_96_apc.htm . 22 February 2014 . live . dmy-all .
55. Web site: Japan selects Patria's AMV for Type 96 replacement programme . 2023-08-15 . Janes.com . en.
56. Web site: General Dynamics / Raytheon FIM-92 Stinger – Man-Portable, Air Defense Missile System – History, Specs and Pictures – Military, Security and Civilian Guns and Equipment . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20140202112508/http://www.militaryfactory.com/smallarms/detail.asp?smallarms_id=30 . 2014-02-02 . 2014-01-26 . militaryfactory.com.
57. https://www.sankei.com/politics/news/190429/plt1904290004-n1.html Ground-to-ship missile doubling the range improvement, Senkaku / Miyako, against China(Japanese)
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