List of countries by minimum wage explained

This is a list of the official minimum wage rates of the 193 United Nations member states and former members of the United Nations, also including the following territories and states with limited recognition (Northern Cyprus, Kosovo, etc.) and other independent countries. Some countries may have a very complicated minimum wage system; for example, India has more than 1202 minimum wage rates for different types of industries and skill levels.[1] Meanwhile, other countries may have a national rate which often is superseded by state, provincial, cantonal, county and city minimum wage rates. For example, 33 states in the United States have higher minimum wages than the federal rate (plus military rates on federal bases) – on top of this an additional 42 city-level subdivisions having different minimum wage rates and 53 countries.[2] In effect, the United States has over 100 different minimum wages across the nation. This is common in federalist nations such as Canada,[3] and minimum wage in China also has numerous different rates. In the table below, only the lowest minimum wage is cited, or the highest-level subdivision where it applies.

Methodology

The minimum wages listed refer to a gross amount, that is before deduction of taxes and social security contributions, which vary from one country to another. Also excluded from calculations are regulated paid days off, including public holidays, sick pay, annual leave and social insurance contributions paid by the employer.

For comparison, an annual wage column is provided in international dollars, a hypothetical unit of currency calculated based on the purchasing power parity (PPP) of household final consumption expenditure. For calculating the annual wage, the lowest general minimum wage was used.

List

Minimum wages by country. USD and Int$ PPP.
CountryMinimum wageAnnualWorkweek (hours)[4] HourlyPercent of GDP per capita[5] Effective per
Nominal (US$)[6] PPP (Int$)[7] Nominal (US$)[8] PPP (Int$)[9]
Andorra (US$8.33) hourly.[10] 40%
AustriaNone: National collective bargaining agreements set minimum wages by job classification for each industry and provide for a minimum wage of €1,200 (US$) per month. Wages where no such collective agreements exist, such as for domestic workers, janitorial staff and au pairs, are regulated by relevant legislation and are generally lower than those covered by collective bargaining. The national minimum wage legislation has lapsed, although is still in force by convention.[11] 40

[12]

BahrainNone; (US$800) for the public sector workers (only applies to Bahraini nationals).48
None
BurundiNone; in the past the government set the minimum wage, but during the year the minimum wage was set by market forces.40
Cambodia៛ 818,800 (US$200) per month, for the textile and shoe industries.[13] [14] 48
Cuba (US$6.66) per month.[15] [16] Each citizen is however also given free food to supplement the salary.48%
CyprusNone; €870 (US$1,006) per month for shop assistants, nurses' assistants, clerks, hairdressers, and nursery assistants; it rises to €924 (US$1,069) after six months' employment. For asylum seekers working as unskilled workers in the agricultural sector, the minimum monthly wage was €425 (US$570) with accommodation and food provided. For skilled workers in the agricultural sector, the minimum salary was €767 (US$1,040) without accommodation and food.48
DenmarkNone; instead, negotiated between unions and employer associations; the average minimum wage for all private and public sector collective bargaining agreements was approximately (nominally US$16) per hour, exclusive of pension benefits.[17] 37.5
DjiboutiNone; cancelled by the 2006 Labor Code for occupational categories, establishing that wages be set after common agreement between employers and employees. For public sector workers, minimum wage was (US$198) per month.[18] 48
EgyptNone; The minimum wage of public sector is LE 6,000 (US$123.6) per month. The private sector (There are certain grace periods in certain industries such as tourism, retail, and clothing.) is LE 6,000 (US$123.6) per month.[19] 42May 2024
EritreaNone; (US$23.3) per month in the public sector.44.5
E 531.6 (US$76.50) per month for a domestic worker; E 420 (US$60.50) a month for an unskilled worker; E 600 (US$86.50) a month for a skilled worker.48%
EthiopiaNone; some government institutions and public enterprises set their own minimum wages: public sector employees, the largest group of wage earners, earned a monthly minimum wage of (US$21); employees in the banking and insurance sector had a minimum monthly wage of (US$18).48
None; US$2.65 per hour for employment with the national government; all states have a minimum hourly wage for government workers: US$2.00 in Pohnpei, US$1.25 in Chuuk, US$1.42 in Kosrae, and US$1.60 in Yap; US$1.75 for private sector workers in Pohnpei.40
FinlandNone; however, the law requires all employers, including non-unionized ones, to pay minimum wages agreed to in collective bargaining agreements; almost all workers are covered under such arrangements.40
GrenadaMinimum wage schedules set pay by occupation; for example, the minimum wage for domestic workers, for example, was per hour, while that for a security guard was per hour.40
£8.70 stg per hour (US$11.60) for those aged 18+
£8.25 per hour (US$11.00) for those aged 17–18.[20] 		1 Jan 2021
GuineaThe labor code allows the government to set a minimum hourly wage; however, the government has not exercised this provision except for setting the minimum wage for domestic workers at (US$62) per month.48
IcelandUnlike the other Scandinavian countries, minimum wages are negotiated in various collectively bargained agreements and applied automatically to all employees in those occupations, regardless of union membership; while the agreements can be either industry- or sector-wide, and in some cases firm-specific, the minimum wage levels are occupation-specific.4017.453 Dec 2022 (conversion rate, 1 Sep 2023)
£8.25 stg per hour (US$10.18) for those aged 18+
£6.15 per hour (US$7.59) for those aged under 18
£7.30 per hour (US$9.01) for development workers.[21] 		1 Oct 2019
ItalyNone; instead set generally through collective bargaining agreements on a sector-by-sector basis.40
£8.32 stg per hour (US$10.27) for those aged 18+
£7.28 stg per hour (US$8.99) for trainees year 2.
£6.02 stg per hour (US$7.43) for trainees year 1.[22] 		1 Apr 2020
Averaging (US$5.5 – US$11.1) per day.
LiechtensteinNone48
MaldivesNone; (US$242) per month in the government sector.48
Monaco€1,779.82 (US$) per month, or €10.53 (US$) per hour; same as the French minimum wage, plus a 5% adjustment.[23] 3917%[24] 1 Jan 2019
NamibiaNone; the mining, construction, security and agricultural sectors set basic levels of pay through collective bargaining.45
NauruNone; there is a graduated salary system for public service officers and employees, none for private-sector workers.40[25]
. (US$795 as of 19 Jan)401 Jan 2024
NorwayNone; wages normally fall within a national scale negotiated by labor, employers, and local governments.37.5
₪1,880 ILS (US$) per month;[26] [27] [28] 45
Qatar-1,800 a month in total. (US$274) base pay per month plus the provision of QR 500 a month (US$137) for accommodation. Add a month (US$82.2) for food if those expenses are not provided as part of the contract).[29] 48
RwandaNone; ranges from to (US$0.83 to US$1.66) per day in the tea industry and to (US$2.50 to US$8.30) per day in the construction industry.45
Saint LuciaMinimum wage for some sectors; (US$111) per month for office clerks; (US$74) for shop assistants; (US$59) for messengers.40
None; (US$40) per month for civil servants
SingaporeNone. However, two exceptions: 1) Cleaner jobs to have a minimum wage of (US$860) per month effective July 2019.[30] 2) Security guards to have a minimum wage of S$1,100 ($802) per month effective Sep 2016.[31] 44
SomaliaNone.48
None.[32]
SurinameNone; (US$0.66) per hour for household domestics and shop assistants; the Ministry of Labour recommends all other sectors use this as the de facto minimum wage. .40
SwedenNone; in Sweden the law provides for the right of workers to form and join independent unions to bargain wages collectively, and it prohibits antiunion discrimination.40
SwitzerlandAs of 2024, three cantons have official minimum salaries: (US$) per hour in the canton of Jura; (US$) per hour in the canton of Neuchâtel, (US$) in the canton of Geneva;[33] the rest of the country has no minimum wage.[34] There are a minority of the voluntary General Labour Contracts (GLC, collective labour agreements), reached on a sector-by-sector basis,[35] contain minimum compensation clauses, which provide for compensation ranging from to (US$ to US$) per month for unskilled workers and to (US$ to US$) per month for skilled employees. On 18 May 2014, Swiss voters rejected a federal initiative (by 76.3%) that would have enforced GLCs for every sector and set the hourly minimum wage at (US$, or PPP-adjusted US$12.55).[36] [37] 41.7[38] [39]
to (US$6–US$10)(adjusted for inflation) per month, plus benefits, including compensation for meals, uniforms, and transportation.40%
(c.US$859) per month; (US$5.7) per hour is the minimum wage in Taiwan.[40] 401 Jan 2024
TongaNone40
Turkey (US$670 per Jan 2024 exchange rate) gross per month.[41] (US$570 per Jan 2024 exchange rate) net per month.804041887
TuvaluNone; the minimum annual salary in the public sector was approximately $A 3,000 to $A 4,000 (US$3,120 to US$4,160).
United Arab EmiratesNone.48
The minimum wage in Venezuela is Bs. 400,000 per month, including a food bond the total raises up to Bs. 800,000, which is equivalent to about US$0.86 as 26 Nov 2020.[42] [43] [44] 10.321 May 2020
YemenNone; the minimum civil service wage was ($100) per month.48
ZimbabweNone, except for agricultural and domestic workers; government regulations for each of the 22 industrial sectors specify minimum wages. The minimum wage for all mine workers is currently pegged at $227 per month.[45]

OECD

Country !!colspan=5
2018 !2019
Nominal PPP Annual working
hours		Nominal PPP Annual working
hours
Annual Hourly Annual Hourly Annual !Hourly Annual Hourly
25,970.8 13.1 24,481.2 12.4 1,976 26,388.5 13.4 24,874.9 12.6 1,976
21,293.0 10.2 22,746.8 10.9 2,086 21,410.8 10.3 22,872.6 11.0 2,086
20,552.5 9.9 20,946.0 10.1 2,080 20,880.7 10.0 21,280.5 10.2 2,080
4,902.5 2.1 7,044.4 3.0 2,346 5,101.7 2.2 7,330.7 3.1 2,346
3,451.3 1.2 7,677.4 2.6 2,920 3,533.7 1.2 7,860.9 2.7 2,920
6,565.8 3.3 10,789.9 5.4 2,000 7,064.3 3.5 11,609.0 5.8 2,000
6,869.8 3.4 9,890.2 4.9 2,020 7,254.2 3.6 10,443.5 5.2 2,019
20,989.7 13.2 21,860.3 12.0 2,289 21,889.6 11.2 21,949.0 12.1 2,189
20,414.6 10.0 23,439.6 11.5 2,033 20,916.3 10.3 24,015.6 11.8 2,033
9,208.7 3.7 13,040.0 5.2 2,507 10,103.7 4.0 14,307.4 5.7 2,507
5,887.6 2.8 11,049.2 5.2 2,112 6,151.5 2.9 11,544.5 5.5 2,086
22,446.1 10.8 20,585.9 9.9 2,080 22,819.4 11.0 20,928.3 10.1 2,080
17,992.6 8.1 15,416.5 6.9 2,232 17,842.5 8.0 15,287.8 6.9 2,232
16,805.5 8.1 16,607.6 8.0 2,080 - - - - -
16,265.6 6.5 19,540.8 7.8 2,508 17,968.1 7.2 21,586.1 8.6 2,508
5,877.2 2.8 9,168.8 4.4 2,086 5,776.5 2.8 9,011.7 4.3 2,086
5,498.9 2.8 9,694.0 4.9 1,959 7,455.7 3.8 13,143.5 6.7 1,965
27,601.0 13.3 25,811.0 12.4 2,077 28,073.1 13.4 26,252.5 12.5 2,095
1,236.0 0.6 2,238.5 1.1 2,080 1,386.1 0.7 2,510.3 1.2 2,080
23,618.0 10.5 24,859.9 11.0 2,253 23,586.2 10.5 24,826.5 11.0 2,253
22,541.6 10.8 21,716.3 10.4 2,080 23,330.0 11.5 22,475.8 11.0 2,035
6,709.8 3.2 13,704.8 6.6 2,086 7,032.4 3.4 14,363.8 6.9 2,086
9,120.9 4.4 12,720.3 6.1 2,086 9,403.6 4.5 13,114.5 6.3 2,086
6,620.0 2.1 10,001.1 3.2 3,145 6,985.5 2.1 10,553.3 3.2 3,319
11,506.4 5.5 16,015.8 7.7 2,086 11,910.7 5.7 16,578.6 7.9 2,086
11,614.2 5.6 14,731.8 7.1 2,086 14,105.4 6.8 17,891.7 8.6 2,086
4,943.8 2.4 12,848.3 6.2 2,086 5,410.1 2.6 14,060.2 6.7 2,086
20,918.7 12.23 21,132.2 10.2 2,079 21,544.6 10.4 21,764.4 10.5 2,079
15,353.3 7.4 15,353.3 7.4 2,080 15,080.0 7.3 15,080.0 7.3 2,080
5,927.8 2.2 9,326.5 3.4 2,711 5,961.6 2.2 9,379.6 3.5 2,711
6,023.8 3.5 9,925.3 7.0 1,846 9,049.4 4.0 15,967.0 7.7 1,937
2,053.7 1.0 4,936.5 2.4 2,086 2,090.9 1.0 5,026.0 2.4 2,086

See also

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Minimum Wage in India 2013 . PayCheck.in . 8 January 2014 . 26 December 2018 . https://web.archive.org/web/20181226013937/https://paycheck.in/salary/minimumwages . live .
  2. 10.1257/jep.35.1.27 . City Limits: What do Local-Area Minimum Wages Do? . 2021 . Dude . Arindrajit . Lindner . Attila . Journal of Economic Perspectives . 35 . 27–50 . 234098666 . free .
  3. Web site: Minimum Wage by Province . 17 October 2023 . 4 December 2021 . 4 December 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20211204175709/https://www.retailcouncil.org/resources/quick-facts/minimum-wage-by-province/ . live .
  4. The workweek is the country's legal workweek in hours, above which is considered overtime and is often paid premium pay. See notes for variations on this definition. The main source for workweek data is: the Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2017 by the US Department of State .
  5. The percentage was calculated by dividing the minimum wage (PPP) by the GDP per capita (PPP) from 2018 – obtained from the World Bank's GDP per capita, PPP (current international $), World Development Indicators database .
  6. Annual wages were calculated by multiplying monthly wages by 12, weekly wages by 52, daily wages by 5x52 and hourly wages by Wx52, where W is the legal maximum (or the practical, if lower) workweek length in hours. A US$ conversion rate from 2017 – obtained from the World Bank's Official exchange rate (LCU per US$, period average), World Development Indicators database – was used to convert the annual wage from national currency to US dollars. The template To US$ was used to convert the annual wage from national currency to US dollars.
  7. Annual wages were calculated by multiplying monthly wages by 12, weekly wages by 52, daily wages by 5x52 and hourly wages by Wx52, where W is the legal maximum (or the practical, if lower) workweek length in hours. A purchasing power parity (PPP) conversion rate from 2016 – obtained from the World Bank's PPP conversion factor, private consumption (LCU per international $), World Development Indicators database – was used to convert the annual wage from national currency to international dollars. The template International dollars was used to convert the annual wage from national currency to international dollars.
  8. Hourly wages were calculated by dividing the annual minimum wage (US$) rate by 52 weeks and then by the length of the standard hour workweek.
  9. Hourly wages were calculated by dividing the annual minimum wage (PPP) by 52 weeks and then by the length of the standard workweek.
  10. Web site: Salari mínim i festius nacionals i parroquials. Treball i Ocupació – Govern d'Andorra. 7 Dec 2022. 9 Jan 2016. 2 Jan 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160102194350/http://www.treball.ad/salari-minim-i-festius. live.
  11. Web site: FedEE Review of minimum wage rates . The Federation of International Employers . 2 Dec 2015 . 19 Nov 2015 . https://web.archive.org/web/20151119104806/http://www.fedee.com/pay-job-evaluation/minimum-wage-rates/ . live .
  12. News: Azerbaijan increases minimum wage following presidential decree. Trend News Agency. 5 Jan 2023. en. 6 Jan 2023. 6 Jan 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230106171429/https://en.trend.az/azerbaijan/politics/3691107.html. live.
  13. Web site: Cambodia hikes minimum wage for textiles workers by 11 pct from 2018. Reuters. 5 October 2017. 1 Aug 2018. 1 Aug 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180801064042/https://www.reuters.com/article/cambodia-economy-garmentworkers-wages/cambodia-hikes-minimum-wage-for-textiles-workers-by-11-pct-from-2018-idUSL4N1MG1Q6. live.
  14. Web site: 2022-10-03 . Cambodia Increases Minimum Wage for Textile and Garment Sectors for 2023 . 2023-10-08 . ASEAN Business News . en-US . 2023-10-06 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231006063947/https://www.aseanbriefing.com/news/cambodia-increases-minimum-wage-for-textile-and-garment-sectors-for-2023/ . live .
  15. Web site: Cuba elevará el salario mínimo a 2100 pesos . es . ADNCUBA.com . 12 Dec 2020 . 11 Dec 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201211161914/https://adncuba.com/noticias-de-cuba/actualidad/cuba-elevara-el-salario-minimo-2100-pesos . live .
  16. Web site: Precio del CUP El Toque . es . eltoque.com . 27 Jan 2024 . 26 Jan 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240126204721/https://eltoque.com/ . live .
  17. Web site: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2009 . https://web.archive.org/web/20100314055529/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2009/index.htm . dead . 14 Mar 2010 . State.gov . 3 Feb 2010 . 4 Mar 2014.
  18. Web site: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2011 . State.gov . 22 Mar 2012 . 4 Mar 2014 . 2 July 2019 . https://web.archive.org/web/20190702211530/https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/drl/rls/hrrpt/2011/index.htm . live .
  19. Web site: Shigeyo Nishizawa(西澤成世). Minimum wage for private companies to double from a year ago to 6,000 Egyptian pounds from May (Egypt)(民間企業の最低賃金、5月から6,000エジプト・ポンドに、1年前から倍増（エジプト）). Apr 17, 2024. Japan External Trade Organization（日本貿易振興機構）. Apr 17, 2024.
  20. Web site: Scaled down rise in minimum wage approved in Guernsey . ITV News . 27 Nov 2020 . 2020-11-27 . 2020-11-27 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201127055301/https://www.itv.com/news/channel/2020-11-27/scaled-down-rise-in-minimum-wage-approved-in-guernsey . live .
  21. Web site: Current Minimum Wage Rates . 1 Jan 2020 . 24 Apr 2017 . 24 Mar 2017 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170324084440/https://www.gov.im/categories/working-in-the-isle-of-man/employment-rights/minimum-wage/ . live .
  22. Web site: Minimum Wage . 1 Jan 2020 . 24 Apr 2020 . 3 Aug 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200803092609/https://www.gov.je/Working/EmploymentRelations/Pages/MinimumWage.aspx . live .
  23. Web site: Wages in the Principality. monservicepublic.gouv.mc. Apr 2, 2023. Apr 2, 2023. https://web.archive.org/web/20230402163148/https://monservicepublic.gouv.mc/en/themes/employment/employees/contracts-and-pay/wages-in-the-principality. live.
  24. Web site: GDP per capita (current US$) | Data | Table . Data.worldbank.org . 4 Mar 2014 . 11 May 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110511123254/http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD . live .
  25. By regulation the workweek in both the public and private sectors was 35 hours for office workers and 40 hours for manual laborers.
  26. Web site: Government of Palestine. Decisions taken by the Palestinian Cabinet during its session No. 121.. 2022-08-23. 2023-01-23. 2023-01-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20230123003912/http://www.palestinecabinet.gov.ps/portal/Decree/DetailsEn/523fbeab-8642-418e-aa16-b959e042e51a. live.
  27. Web site: Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics. Press Release on the Results of the Labour Force Survey Third Quarter (July – Sep, 2022) Round. 2022-11-08. 2023-01-23. 2023-01-23. https://web.archive.org/web/20230123003916/https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/post.aspx?lang=en&ItemID=4353. live.
  28. http://carim-south.eu/carim/public/legaltexts/LE3PAL1204_1034.pdf The Labour Law No. (7) of 2000 AD, Article 68
  29. Web site: Minimum wage, no NOC: Qatar announces changes to labour law | Qatar News | al Jazeera . https://web.archive.org/web/20200925055118/https://www.aljazeera.com/economy/2020/08/30/minimum-wage-no-noc-qatar-announces-changes-to-labour-law/ . 2020-09-25 .
  30. News: Progressive Wage Model for the cleaning sector. . 12 June 2020 . 25 July 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200725034712/https://www.mom.gov.sg/employment-practices/progressive-wage-model/cleaning-sector . live .
  31. https://web.archive.org/web/20150120194400/http://business.asiaone.com/news/higher-wages-security-guards-Sep-2016 AsiaOne
  32. Web site: Work and Wages Laws, Basic Wages, Work Hours in South Sudan - Mywage.org/SouthSudan. Apr 2, 2023. Mar 26, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180326064253/https://mywage.org/southsudan/home/labor-law/work-and-wages. live.
  33. Web site: Montant et calcul du salaire minimum . 17 Oct 2023 . 3 Mar 2024 . 3 Mar 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240303195050/https://www.ge.ch/appliquer-salaire-minimum-genevois/montant-calcul-du-salaire-minimum#:~:text=Depuis%20le%201er%20janvier%202024,heure%20au%201er%20janvier%202023 . live .
  34. News: Jura parliament finally agrees minimum wage of 20 francs per hour. 23 Nov 2017. 28 Nov 2017. en. 1 Dec 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20171201035859/https://www.thelocal.ch/20171123/jura-parliament-finally-agrees-minimum-wage-of-20-francs-per-hour. live.
  35. Web site: Allgemeinverbindlicherklärung von Gesamtarbeitsverträgen. Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO, Swiss Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAER. Neuchâtel. 1 May 2014. de, fr, it. 20 May 2014. 20 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140520220517/http://www.seco.admin.ch/themen/00385/00420/00430/index.html. live.
  36. News: Eddy. Melissa. Swiss Defeat Minimum Wage by Large Margin. 18 May 2014. New York Times. 18 May 2014. 19 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140519015918/http://www.nytimes.com/2014/05/19/business/international/swiss-defeat-minimum-wage-by-large-margin.html. live.
  37. Web site: Abstimmungen – Indikatoren, Abstimmung vom 18. Mai 2014: Mindestlohn-Initiative. Swiss Federal Office of Statistics, Swiss Federal Administration. Neuchâtel. 18 May 2014. de, fr. 20 May 2014. 21 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140521031436/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/03/blank/key/2014/023.html. live.
  38. The law sets a maximal 45-hour workweek for blue- and white-collar workers in industry, services, and retail trades and a 50-hour workweek for all other workers. The law limits annual overtime to 170 hours for those working 45 hours a week and 140 hours for those working 50 hours a week. Based on the Swiss Federal Office of Statistics the typical workweek is 41.7 hours.
  39. Web site: Betriebsübliche Arbeitszeit nach Wirtschaftsabteilungen (NOGA 2008), in Stunden pro Woche, 1990-2013. Swiss Federal Office of Statistics, Swiss Federal Administration. Neuchâtel. statistics. XLS. de, fr. 20 May 2014. Total=41.7. 21 May 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140521031234/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/03/02/blank/data/07.html. live.
  40. Web site: 4.05% hike bringing minimum wage to NT$27,470 approved by Cabinet . taiwannews . 31 Dec 2022 . 25 Nov 2023 . 25 Nov 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20231125194208/https://focustaiwan.tw/business/202309140006 . live .
  41. Web site: Minimum Salary Changes Announced. Fragomen. 28 Dec 2023. 1 Jan 2024. 1 Jan 2024. https://web.archive.org/web/20240101130041/https://www.fragomen.com/insights/minimum-salary-changes-announced.html. live.
  42. Web site: They raised the minimum wage in Venezuela: now it is US$4.60 (Apr 2020) . 27 Apr 2020 . dw.com . DW News . 26 Nov 2020 . 17 Dec 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201217224117/https://www.dw.com/es/suben-el-salario-m%C3%ADnimo-en-venezuela-ahora-son-46-d%C3%B3lares/a-53264867 . live .
  43. Web site: Central bank of venezuela official exchange rates as Nov 26th . bcv.org.ve . 26 Nov 2020 . 19 Nov 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20201119151018/http://www.bcv.org.ve/tasas-informativas-sistema-bancario . live .
  44. Web site: Minister of Labor announces new adjustment of the integral minimum wage to Bs. 800,000 . 27 Apr 2020 . finanzasdigital.com . 26 Nov 2020 . 24 Sep 2020 . https://web.archive.org/web/20200924150734/https://www.finanzasdigital.com/2020/04/anuncian-ajuste-del-salario-minimo-integral-a-bs-800-000/ . dead .
  45. Web site: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20090226071617/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2008/index.htm . dead . 26 Feb 2009 . State.gov . 23 Feb 2009 . 4 Mar 2014.

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