List of metaphysicians explained

See also: Index of metaphysics articles. This is a list of metaphysicians, philosophers who specialize in metaphysics. See also Lists of philosophers.

Metaphysicians born BC

• Pythagoras
• Thales
• Anaximander
• Anaximenes
• Xenophanes
• Heraclitus
• Parmenides
• Zeno of Elea
• Melissus of Samos
• Leucippus
• Democritus
• Anaxagoras
• Empedocles
• Alcmaeon of Croton
• Hippasus
• Diogenes of Apollonia
• Plato
• Eudoxus of Cnidus
• Speusippus
• Xenocrates
• Aristotle

Metaphysicians born between 1 and 600 AD

• Numenius
• Alexander of Aphrodisias
• Ammonius Saccas
• Origen of Alexandria
• Origen the Pagan
• Plotinus
• Porphyry
• Iamblichus
• Syrianus
• Proclus
• Ammonius Hermiae
• Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite
• Olympiodorus the Younger
• Damascius
• Simplicius of Cilicia
• John Philoponus

Metaphysicians born between 600 and 1400

• John Scotus Eriugena
• Al-Farabi
• Avicenna
• Anselm of Canterbury
• Peter Abelard
• Al-Ghazali
• Bernard of Chartres
• Gilbert de la Porrée
• Thierry of Chartres
• Hugh of Saint Victor
• Richard of Saint Victor
• Maimonides
• Averroes
• Ibn Arabi
• Fakhr al-Din al-Razi
• Philip the Chancellor
• William of Auvergne
• Alexander of Hales
• Albertus Magnus
• Bonaventure
• Roger Bacon
• John Peckham
• Thomas Aquinas
• Giles of Rome
• Godfrey of Fontaines
• Henry of Ghent
• Petrus Aureoli
• Duns Scotus
• Walter Burley
• Hervaeus Natalis
• William of Ockham
• Jean Buridan
• Jean Capréolus
• Meister Eckhart
• Dominic of Flanders

Metaphysicians born between 1400 and 1700

• Paolo Barbò da Soncino
• Marsilio Ficino
• Thomas Cajetan
• Francisco Suárez
• Domingo Báñez
• Robert Bellarmine
• John of St. Thomas
• René Descartes
• Anne Conway
• Baruch Spinoza
• Nicolas Malebranche
• Gottfried Leibniz
• George Berkeley
• Christian Wolff
• Jakob Böhme

Metaphysicians born between 1700 and 1800

• Immanuel Kant
• Georg W. F. Hegel
• Arthur Schopenhauer
• Friedrich W. J. Schelling
• Johann G. Fichte
• Friedrich H. Jacobi