List of members of the United Nations Economic and Social Council explained

The United Nations Economic and Social Council has 54 member states which are elected by the United Nations General Assembly for three-year terms, with terms ending on 31 December of the third year. Terms are staggered so that 18 members are elected each year. Seats on the Council are based on the United Nations Regional Groups, with fourteen seats allocated to the African Group, eleven to the Asia-Pacific Group, six to the Eastern European Group, ten to the Latin American and Caribbean Group, and thirteen to the Western European and Others Group.[1] [2]

Unlike the UN Security Council, outgoing members are eligible for immediate re-election. Like the Security Council, getting elected to a seat requires a two-thirds majority vote, so it is possible for two candidates to deadlock with approximately half the vote each, needing negotiations to resolve.

Membership (19461965)

The original UN Charter stated that the Economic and Social Council consisted of 18 seats.

De facto permanent

The UN General Assembly agreed in 1946 that the Security Council's permanent five should be given de facto permanent ECOSOC seats. The Republic of China kept its seat renewed until 1961, when it failed to get a two-thirds majority vote for re-election.[3]

To prevent the permanent members from occupying 5 out of 6 seats up for election in one year, the permanent five agreed to stagger their terms by English alphabetical order. The Republic of China and France received 3-year initial terms (renewed in 1949, 1952, etc.), the United Kingdom and Soviet Union received 2-year initial terms (renewed in 1948, 1951, etc.), and the United States received a 1-year initial term (renewed in 1947, 1950, etc.).[4]

Non-permanent

Unlike the Security Council, there was no specific agreement between the superpowers on how many ECOSOC seats would go to each of the then-informal United Nations Regional Groups. Instead, seat arrangements came from "unwritten rules" and "habits" that eventually stabilized into a pattern documented after the fact. For example:[3] [5]

YearLatin American seatsEastern European seatsCommon­wealth seat"Near and Far East" seatsWestern European seatsChinese seat
1946 Chile Peru Cuba Colombia Czecho­slovakia Ukrainian SSR Canada Lebanon India Norway Belgium Greece
1947 New Zealand Netherlands Turkey
1948 Brazil Poland Australia Denmark
1949 India Belgium
1950 Mexico Czecho­slovakia Canada Pakistan
1951 Uruguay Philippines Sweden
1952 Argentina Cuba Egypt
1953 Australia India Turkey
1954 Ecuador Czecho­slovakia Pakistan Norway
1955 Dominican Republic Netherlands
1956 Brazil Canada Indonesia Greece
1957 Mexico Poland Finland
1958 Chile Costa Rica Sudan
1959 Bulgaria New Zealand Afghanistan Spain
1960 Brazil Japan Denmark
1961 El Salvador Uruguay Jordan Italy Ethiopia
1962 Colombia Australia India Senegal
1963 Argentina Czecho­slovakia Austria
1964 Chile Ecuador Iraq Luxembourg Algeria
1965 Peru Romania Canada Pakistan Gabon

The pattern broke at the end of 1960, after fifteen nations from Africa outside the Arab League joined the United Nations in the span of one month, increasing the number of nations without a group from four to nineteen.[3] The new members gave Africa, Asia, and Latin America together a commanding 66 out of 99 seats on the General Assembly. (Cyprus and Turkey caucused with Asia, while the Republic of China, Israel, and South Africa did not caucus with Asia or Africa.[5]) In the election for the 1961 term, the Republic of China (Taiwan) failed to obtain a two-thirds majority for re-election, while Ethiopia received a two-thirds majority. Belgium, the Republic of China, and India deadlocked on the Netherlands' outgoing seat for fourteen rounds, which was left vacant for over four months, well into the 1961 term. After negotiations, all three members withdrew in place of Italy, with an agreement that next year, Spain's outgoing seat would go to a candidate from either Africa or Asia.[3] This changed pattern would continue until 1965 when ECOSOC was expanded.

(Ten deadlocked rounds occurred on 9 December 1960,[9] and three more occurred on 20 December 1960.[10] A fourteenth round was scheduled for 13 April 1961, but was postponed by the President of the General Assembly with no objections while "the interested delegations and groups" negotiated.[11] The fourteenth round occurred on 18 April 1961, electing Italy.[12])

Membership by regional group

An amendment to the UN Charter in 1965 expanded the Economic and Social Council from 18 to 27 seats. A rule was also adopted to officially distribute the seats according to the Regional Groups. The 9-seat expansion added 5 African seats, 2 Asian seats, 1 Latin American seat, and 1 WEOG seat.

Another Charter amendment in 1973 further expanded the Economic and Social Council to 54 seats.

Table

The heading 3N+1 refers to years that are a multiple of 3 plus one, and so on.

19621965 19661973 1974present
3N 3N+1 3N+23N 3N+1 3N+2 3N 3N+1 3N+2
African Group 1 0 1 3 1 3 5 4 5
Asian Group / Asia-Pacific Group 1 1 1 2 2 1 4 4 3
Eastern European Group 1 2 0 1 2 0 2 3 1
Latin American and Caribbean Group 1 1 2 1 2 2 3 3 4
Western European and Others Group 2 2 2 2 2 3 4 4 5

After the original 18 members of ECOSOC were elected, the General Assembly decided by a simple majority which six members would get 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year initial terms.[13] This determined the seat staggering pattern (for example, the Eastern European seats were imbalanced because no Eastern European member was originally elected to a 3-year term).

After nine new seats were added in 1965 and members were elected to the seats, the General Assembly decided by a 6044 vote that the President would randomly draw lots to determine which three would get 1-year, 2-year, and 3-year initial terms.[14] This created an imbalance in the African Group.

After 27 new seats were added in 1973, the President consulted with the chairs of the Regional Groups and it was agreed that term lengths would be distributed evenly for each Regional Group. For example, since the Asian Group had six new seats, two would go to each term length. Since the Latin American and Caribbean Group had five new seats while the African Group had seven, the two Groups agreed to draw lots to determine the uneven distribution. As a result, the African Group would obtain three 1-year, two 2-year, and two 3-year initial terms for their new seats, while the Latin American and Caribbean Group would obtain one 1-year, two 2-year, and two 3-year initial terms. After the consultations, members were elected to the seats. The President then proposed to the General Assembly to draw lots again in order to assign term lengths to the specific members, with no objections.[15]

African Group

Similar to on the Security Council, the African Union is in charge of distributing the African Group's seats based on the African Union's subregions,[16] [17] and the African Group is the only UN regional group to have such an internal seat system. Unlike on the Security Council, the distribution of ECOSOC seats is not strict, and may change if (for example) a subregion does not receive enough applicants in a given year.[18] For example, at the end of 2004, the term of Libya ended and no member from Northern Africa applied. A member from Central Africa effectively replaced Libya. One year later, the term of the Republic of the Congo ended and the seat was given to Mauritania, undoing the 'imbalance' but changing the arrangement of seats (years that are a multiple of 3 now no longer elect any Northern African members).

Legend:

19661978

Prior to 1979, there were four subregions. An official African Union document from 1972 states a pattern of how many seats per region are to be doled out,[19] but in practice this pattern changed over time and did not stabilize until approximately the late 1980s.

Year Western Northern Central Eastern
1966
Sierra Leone
Algeria Morocco Cameroon Gabon
1967
1968
Upper Volta
Chad
Congo
(Brazzaville)
1969 Sudan
1970 Ghana Tunisia Kenya
1971 Niger Madagascar
1972 Burundi
1973 Mali Algeria Uganda

Formally, Liberia, Congo, and Zambia were elected in place of outgoing Niger, Zaire, and Madagascar, while Ivory Coast and Egypt were elected to newly created seats.[20]

Year Western Northern Central Eastern
1974 Liberia Mali Guinea Senegal Algeria Egypt Congo Burundi Uganda Zambia Ethiopia Kenya
1975
1976 Nigeria Togo Tunisia
1977 Mauritania Upper Volta Sudan Rwanda Somalia
1978 Cameroon Lesotho

19791996

With five regions, the distribution of seats eventually stabilized into the following pattern: 4 seats to Western Africa, 3 seats to Eastern Africa, 2 seats to Northern Africa, 2 seats to Southern Africa, and 3 seats to Central Africa.

Year Western Eastern Northern Southern Central
1979 Ghana Senegal Mauritania Algeria Somalia Lesotho Sudan Morocco Zambia Upper Volta Cameroon Rwanda
1980 Nigeria Ethiopia Libya Malawi
1981 Kenya Sudan Burundi
1982 Benin Liberia Mali Tunisia Swaziland
1983 Sierra Leone Djibouti Algeria Botswana Congo
1984 Somalia Uganda Rwanda
1985 Guinea Nigeria Senegal Morocco Zimbabwe
1986 Egypt Mozambique Gabon
1987 Sudan
1988 Ghana Liberia Libya Lesotho
1989 Niger Kenya Tunisia Zambia Cameroon
1990 Burkina Faso Algeria
1991 Togo Somalia Morocco Botswana
1992 Benin Ethiopia Madagascar Swaziland Angola
1993 Nigeria Libya Gabon
1994 Ghana Senegal Egypt Zimbabwe
1995 Cote d'Ivoire Sudan Uganda South Africa Congo
1996 Togo Tunisia Central African Republic

1997present

With Namibia, South Africa, and Angola all joining the Southern Africa region within a short period of time, the Southern Africa region gained a third seat, first at the expense of Northern Africa and then eventually Central Africa. (Angola's region change took place in 1995, so the first affected applications to the African Union took place in March 1996, in time for the October 1996 ECOSOC elections for the 1997 term.)[16] The first years to match the modern seat distribution (4 seats to Western Africa, 2 seats to Northern Africa, 2 seats to Central Africa, 3 seats to Southern Africa, 3 seats to Eastern Africa) were 19981999. No changes to the seat distribution have occurred since 2006.

Year Western Northern Central Southern Eastern
1997 Cape Verde Gambia Togo Cote d'Ivoire Congo Zambia Tunisia Central African Republic Gabon South Africa Mozambique Djibouti Sudan Uganda
1998 Sierra Leone Algeria Lesotho Comoros Mauritius
1999 Guinea-Bissau Morocco Rwanda
2000 Benin Burkina Faso Cameroon Angola Sudan
2001 Nigeria Egypt South Africa Ethiopia Uganda
2002 Ghana Libya Burundi Zimbabwe
2003 Senegal Congo Mozambique Kenya
2004 Tunisia Namibia Mauritius
2005 Guinea Chad South Africa
2006 Guinea-Bissau Mauritania Angola Madagascar
2007 Cape Verde Algeria Malawi Somalia Sudan
2008 Niger Cameroon Congo Mozambique
2009 Cote d'Ivoire Morocco Namibia Mauritius
2010 Ghana Egypt Zambia Comoros Rwanda
2011 Gabon Malawi
2012 Burkina Faso Nigeria Libya Lesotho Ethiopia
2013 Benin Tunisia South Africa Mauritius Sudan
2014 Togo Congo Botswana
2015 Ghana Mauritania Zimbabwe Uganda
2016 Nigeria Algeria Rwanda Somalia
2017 Benin Cameroon Chad
2018 Togo Morocco Malawi Sudan
2019 Mali Egypt Angola Ethiopia Kenya
2020 Congo Gabon Botswana
2021 Liberia Nigeria Libya Zimbabwe Madagascar
2022 Cote d'Ivoire Tunisia Mauritius
2023 Cameroon Equatorial Guinea
2024 Senegal Mauritania Zambia Kenya
2025 Algeria South Africa Djibouti

Asia-Pacific Group

In 1965, formally, the Philippines were elected in place of outgoing Japan, while Iran was elected to a newly created seat.[21]

1966 Philippines India Pakistan Iraq
1967 Kuwait
1968 Japan
1969 Indonesia Pakistan
1970
1971 Lebanon Malaysia
1972 China Japan
1973 Mongolia

Formally, South Yemen and Thailand were elected in place of outgoing Lebanon and Malaysia, while Iran and Jordan were elected to newly created seats.[20]

1974 Thailand Jordan Mongolia Fiji Indonesia India Pakistan Japan China
1975
1976 Afghanistan Bangladesh Malaysia
1977 Iraq Philippines
1978 India United Arab Emirates
1979 Cyprus Pakistan Indonesia
1980 Jordan Nepal Thailand
1981 Bangladesh Fiji
1982 Qatar Japan
1983 Lebanon Malaysia Saudi Arabia
1984 Indonesia Papua New Guinea Sri Lanka
1985 Bangladesh India
1986 Iraq Pakistan Philippines
1987 Oman
1988 Saudi Arabia
1989 Indonesia Jordan Thailand
1990 Bahrain Pakistan
1991 Malaysia
1992 Bangladesh India Kuwait Philippines
1993 Bhutan Sri Lanka
1994 Indonesia Pakistan
1995 Malaysia Thailand
1996 Bangladesh Jordan Lebanon
1997 Sri Lanka
1998 Oman Pakistan Viet Nam
1999 Indonesia Saudi Arabia
2000 Bahrain Fiji
2001 Nepal
2002 Bhutan India Qatar
2003 Malaysia Saudi Arabia
2004 Bangladesh Indonesia United Arab Emirates
2005 Pakistan Thailand
2006 Sri Lanka
2007 Iraq Kazakhstan Philippines
2008 Malaysia
2009 India
2010 Bangladesh Mongolia
2011 Qatar
2012 Indonesia
2013 Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Nepal Turkmenistan
2014 Bangladesh Kazakhstan
2015 Pakistan
2016 Afghanistan Iraq Lebanon Viet Nam
2017 Tajikistan United Arab Emirates
2018 Philippines
2019 Pakistan Saudi Arabia Turkmenistan Yemen
2020 Bangladesh Thailand
2021 Indonesia Solomon Islands
2022 Afghanistan India Kazakhstan Oman
2023 Qatar
2024 Nepal Pakistan
2025 Bangladesh Saudi Arabia Sri Lanka Uzbekistan

Eastern European Group

1966 Romania
1967
1968 Bulgaria
1969
1970
1971 Hungary
1972 Poland
1973

Formally, Romania was elected in place of outgoing Hungary, while East Germany was elected to a newly created seat.[20]

1974 Romania Poland
1975 Bulgaria
1976
1977 Poland
1978 Hungary Romania
1979
1980 Bulgaria
1981 Poland
1982 Romania
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987 Bulgaria
1988
1989
1990
1991 Romania
1992 Belarus Poland
1993 Ukraine
1994 Bulgaria
1995
1996 Czech Republic
1997 Latvia
1998
1999 Bulgaria
2000 Croatia
2001 Georgia Romania
2002 Hungary Ukraine
2003 Azerbaijan
2004 Armenia Poland
2005 Albania Lithuania
2006 Czech Republic
2007 Belarus Romania
2008 Poland
2009 Estonia
2010 Slovakia Ukraine
2011 Hungary Latvia
2012 Belarus Bulgaria
2013 Albania Croatia
2014 Georgia Serbia
2015 Estonia
2016 Czech Republic
2017 Azerbaijan
2018 Belarus Romania
2019 Armenia Ukraine
2020 Latvia Montenegro
2021 Bulgaria
2022 Croatia
2023 Slovakia SloveniaVacant
2024 Poland
2025 Armenia Azerbaijan

Latin American and Caribbean Group

In 1965, formally, Panama was elected in place of outgoing Argentina, while Venezuela was elected to a newly created seat.[21]

1966 Panama Peru Chile Ecuador
1967 Guatemala Mexico
1968 Argentina
1969 Jamaica Uruguay
1970 Brazil Peru
1971 Haiti
1972 Chile
1973 Trinidad and Tobago

Formally, Mexico was elected in place of outgoing Haiti, while Colombia and Jamaica were elected to newly created seats.[20]

1974 Mexico Colombia Jamaica Brazil Trinidad and Tobago Guatemala Chile Argentina
1975 Ecuador Peru
1976 Cuba
1977
1978 Dominican Republic Trinidad and Tobago
1979 Barbados Ecuador
1980 Bahamas Chile
1981 Nicaragua Peru
1982 Colombia Saint Lucia
1983 Ecuador Suriname
1984 Costa Rica Guyana
1985 Haiti
1986 Jamaica Panama Peru
1987 Belize Uruguay
1988 Cuba Trinidad and Tobago
1989 Bahamas Brazil Nicaragua
1990 Ecuador Jamaica Mexico
1991 Argentina Chile Peru
1992 Colombia Suriname
1993 Bahamas Cuba
1994 Costa Rica Paraguay
1995 Jamaica
1996 Argentina Guyana Nicaragua
1997 Cuba El Salvador Mexico
1998 Saint Lucia
1999 Honduras
2000 Costa Rica Suriname
2001 Argentina Peru
2002 Chile El Salvador Guatemala
2003 Ecuador Jamaica Nicaragua
2004 Belize Colombia Panama
2005 Brazil Costa Rica Mexico
2006 Guyana Haiti Paraguay
2007 Barbados El Salvador
2008 Saint Lucia Uruguay
2009 Guatemala Peru Saint Kitts and Nevis
2010 Argentina Bahamas Chile
2011 Ecuador Mexico Nicaragua
2012 Brazil Cuba Dominican Republic El Salvador
2013 Colombia Haiti
2014 Antigua and Barbuda Guatemala Panama
2015 Argentina Honduras Trinidad and Tobago
2016 Chile Guyana Peru
2017 Colombia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2018 Ecuador El Salvador Mexico Uruguay
2019 Brazil Jamaica Paraguay
2020 Nicaragua Panama
2021 Argentina Guatemala
2022 Belize Chile Peru
2023 Brazil Costa Rica
2024 Haiti Paraguay Suriname Uruguay
2025 Antigua and Barbuda Dominican Republic Mexico

Western European and Others Group

The Western European and Others Group contains three caucusing subgroups (Benelux, the Nordic countries, and CANZ). In practice, since 1976, this has created seats that 'belong' to a subgroup with few exceptions, as well as seats that never go to any of the subgroups. Iceland joined the Nordic caucus in 1998.[22] [23]

Since 2000, the Group has engaged in a large number of special elections, with members voluntarily giving part of their 3-year term to another member. In many cases, the newly elected member then runs for re-election, only to again give part of their new 3-year term to another member, creating an 'offset' effect where members' terms do not align with the usual cycle. Below, all re-elections are shown as separate table cells. To prevent distorting or stretching the table, special elections resulting in 1-year terms are abbreviated to the country's ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code.

1966 Sweden United Kingdom Canada United States France Luxembourg Greece
1967 France Belgium Turkey
1968 Ireland United States
1969 Norway United Kingdom
1970 France Italy Greece
1971 New Zealand United States
1972 Finland United Kingdom
1973 France Netherlands Spain

Formally, Australia was elected in place of outgoing New Zealand, while Belgium and Italy were elected to newly created seats.[20]

1974 Australia Belgium Italy United States France Spain Turkey Netherlands Finland Sweden Canada United Kingdom
1975 Denmark Norway Canada United Kingdom
1976 France Greece Portugal Austria
1977 New Zealand Netherlands Italy United States
1978 Finland Sweden Malta United Kingdom
1979 France Spain Turkey Ireland
1980 Australia Belgium Italy United States
1981 Denmark Norway Canada United Kingdom
1982 France Greece Portugal Austria
1983 New Zealand Luxembourg Netherlands United States
1984 Finland Sweden Canada United Kingdom
1985 France Spain Turkey Iceland
1986 Australia Belgium Italy United States
1987 Denmark Norway Canada United Kingdom
1988 France Greece Portugal Ireland
1989 New Zealand Netherlands Italy United States
1990 Finland Sweden Canada United Kingdom
1991 France Spain Turkey Austria Germany
1992 Australia Belgium Italy United States
1993 Denmark Norway Canada United Kingdom
1994 France Greece Portugal Ireland Germany
1995 Australia Luxembourg Netherlands United States
1996 Finland Sweden Canada United Kingdom
1997 France Spain Turkey Iceland Germany
1998 New Zealand Belgium Italy United States
1999 Denmark Norway Canada United Kingdom
2000 France Portugal Austria Germany
2001 Andorra Netherlands Italy United States Malta
2002 Finland Sweden Australia United Kingdom
2003 France Greece Ireland Germany
2004 Canada Belgium Italy United States Turkey
2005 Denmark Iceland Australia United Kingdom
2006 France Austria Germany
2007 Canada Luxembourg Netherlands United States Portugal Greece
2008 Sweden New Zealand United Kingdom
2009 France Germany Liechtenstein Norway
2010 Canada Belgium Italy United States Malta
2011 Finland Australia United Kingdom
2012 France Spain Turkey Ireland
2013 Canada San Marino United States Austria
2014 Italy Sweden United Kingdom
2015 France Portugal Greece Germany Finland Switzerland
2016 Australia Italy Belgium United States Ireland
2017 Norway Andorra United Kingdom
2018 France Turkey Ireland Germany Denmark
2019 Canada Luxembourg Netherlands United States Malta
2020 Norway Finland Australia Switzerland
2021 France United Kingdom Portugal Austria
2022 Canada Belgium Italy United States Israel
2023 Sweden Denmark New Zealand
2024 France United Kingdom Spain Liechtenstein
2025 Canada Netherlands Italy Switzerland Austria

List by number of years as ECOSOC member

A total of 175 United Nations member states have been elected to ECOSOC. Out of these, 5 have ceased to exist and 1 has been expelled, leaving a total of 169 members. Combined with the 24 current members that have never been elected to ECOSOC (see

  1. Non-members
below), these make up the 193 current members of the UN.

YearsCountryFirst YearMost Recent
Year
Regional Groupclass=unsortableNotes
79 France19462024WEOGUNSC permanent member
79 United States19462024WEOGUNSC permanent member
78 United Kingdom19462024WEOGUNSC permanent member
53 China19722024Asia-PacificUNSC permanent member
1519461960NoneFormer UNSC permanent member
4619461991E. EuropeanFormer UNSC permanent member
3119922022E. EuropeanUNSC permanent member, currently not on ECOSOC
61 Japan19602024Asia-Pacific
59 Brazil19482024GRULAC
59 India19462024Asia-PacificIncludes approximately 2 years as British India
56 Pakistan19502024Asia-Pacific
55 Canada19462024WEOG
47 Germany19742024WEOGIncludes 17 years as West Germany, but excludes 13 years as East Germany
45 Mexico19502023GRULAC
44 Italy19612024WEOG
43 Argentina19522023GRULAC
43 Poland19482024E. European
42 Colombia19462024GRULAC
4119472019GRULAC
39 Chile19462024GRULAC
37 Australia19482021WEOG
36 Belgium19462024WEOG
36 Peru19462024GRULAC
35 Indonesia19562023Asia-Pacific
34 Netherlands19472021WEOG
33 Turkey19472024WEOG
32 Bulgaria19592023E. European
3119712016African
31 Denmark19482024WEOG
31 Greece19462023WEOG
31 Norway19462021WEOG
31 Romania19652019E. European
31 Sweden19512024WEOG
30 Sudan19582020African
3019461993E. European
29 Cuba19462014GRULAC
29 Finland19572022WEOG
29 New Zealand19472024WEOG
2919932024Asia-Pacific
28 Nigeria19762024African
28 Spain19592024WEOG
27 Algeria19642018African
27 Bangladesh19762022Asia-Pacific
27 Belarus19472020E. EuropeanIncludes 9 years as the Byelorussian SSR
27 Ecuador19542020GRULAC
27 Philippines19512020Asia-Pacific
26 Benin19662022African
25 Cameroon19662024African
24 Congo19682022African
24 Egypt19522021African
24 Ghana19702020African
2419502021Asia-Pacific
24 Iraq19642018Asia-Pacific
24 Jamaica19692021GRULAC
24 Portugal19762023WEOG
24 Tunisia19702024African
23 Austria19632022WEOG
22 Ethiopia19612021African
22 Ireland19682020WEOG
2119722023GRULAC
2119461991E. European
21 Gabon19652022African
21 Libya19672023African
21 Malaysia19712010Asia-Pacific
21 Morocco19662020African
21 Rwanda19772018African
21 Saudi Arabia19832021Asia-Pacific
21 Senegal19622024African
21 Thailand19742022Asia-Pacific
20 Kenya19702024African
19 Ukraine19462021E. EuropeanIncludes 7 years as the Ukrainian SSR
19 Uruguay19512024GRULAC
18 Burkina Faso19682017African
18 El Salvador19612020GRULAC
18 Nicaragua19812022GRULAC
18 Somalia19772018African
18 Sri Lanka19702008Asia-Pacific
18 Uganda19732017African
17 Costa Rica19582024GRULAC
17 Guatemala19672023GRULAC
16 Lebanon19462018Asia-Pacific
1619662024African
16 Zambia19742024African
15 Czech Republic19962024E. European
15 Jordan19611998Asia-Pacific
15 Luxembourg19642021WEOG
15 Mauritius19982024African
15 Panama19662022GRULAC
15 South Africa19952018African
15 Togo19762020African
15 Trinidad and Tobago19732017GRULAC
15 Zimbabwe19852023African
14 Botswana19832024African
14 Guinea19742007African
1319741990E. European
13 Haiti19712024GRULAC
13 Sierra Leone19662000African
12 Afghanistan19592024Asia-Pacific
12 Angola19922021African
12 Bahamas19802012GRULAC
1219742024African
1219822024African
12 Guyana19842018GRULAC
12 Lesotho19782014African
12 Liberia19742023African
12 Madagascar19712023African
12 Malawi19802020African
12 Mozambique19862010African
1219772001Asia-Pacific
11 Qatar19822024Asia-Pacific
10 Hungary19712011E. European
10 Iceland19852008WEOG
10 Mauritania19772024African
10 Nepal19802024Asia-Pacific
10 Paraguay19942024GRULAC
10 Suriname19832024GRULAC
9 Belize19872024GRULAC
9 Burundi19722004African
9 Chad19682019African
9 Croatia20002024E. European
9 Djibouti19831999African
9 Dominican Republic19552014GRULAC
9 Guinea-Bissau19992011African
9 Kazakhstan20072024Asia-Pacific
9 Kuwait19672015Asia-Pacific
9 Latvia19972022E. European
9 Mali19732021African
9 Malta19782020WEOG
9 Niger19712010African
9 Oman19872024Asia-Pacific
9 Saint Lucia19822010GRULAC
8 Cape Verde19972024African
8 Fiji19742002Asia-Pacific
8 United Arab Emirates19782018Asia-Pacific
6 Albania20052015E. European
6 Andorra20012019WEOG
6 Armenia20042021E. European
6 Azerbaijan20032019E. European
6 Bahrain19902002Asia-Pacific
6 Barbados19792009GRULAC
6 Bhutan19932004Asia-Pacific
6 Central African Republic19781998African
6 Comoros19982012African
6 Estonia20092017E. European
6 Georgia20012016E. European
6 Honduras19992017GRULAC
620082018E. European
6 Mongolia19732012Asia-Pacific
6 Namibia20042011African
6 Switzerland20112021WEOG
6 Turkmenistan20132021Asia-Pacific
6 Viet Nam19982018Asia-Pacific
5 Liechtenstein20082024WEOG
5 Slovakia20102024E. European
4 Yemen19752019Asia-PacificIncludes 3 years as North Yemen, but excludes 3 years as South Yemen
3 Antigua and Barbuda20142016GRULAC
3 Cyprus19791981Asia-Pacific
3 Gambia19971999African
3 Kyrgyzstan20132015Asia-Pacific
3 Lithuania20052007E. European
3 Montenegro20202022E. European
3 Papua New Guinea19841986Asia-Pacific
3 Saint Kitts and Nevis20092011GRULAC
3 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines20172019GRULAC
3 San Marino20132015WEOG
3 Serbia20142016E. European
3 Solomon Islands20212023Asia-Pacific
319741976Asian
2 Equatorial Guinea20232024African
2 Israel20222023WEOG
220232024Asia-Pacific
2 Slovenia20232024E. European
2 Tajikistan20172018Asia-Pacific
1 Bosnia and Herzegovina20172017E. European
1 Cambodia20192019Asia-Pacific

Non-members

This lists all current UN members that have never been a member of the Economic and Social Council.

UN Member stateRegional Group
Asia-Pacific
DominicaGRULAC
Asia-Pacific
EritreaAfrican
GrenadaGRULAC
KiribatiNone
MaldivesAsia-Pacific
Marshall IslandsAsia-Pacific
Asia-Pacific
MonacoWEOG
MyanmarAsia-Pacific
NauruAsia-Pacific
Asia-Pacific
E. European
PalauAsia-Pacific
SamoaAsia-Pacific
African
SeychellesAsia-Pacific
SingaporeAsia-Pacific
African
TongaAsia-Pacific
TuvaluAsia-Pacific
UzbekistanAsia-Pacific
VanuatuAsia-Pacific

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Economic and Social Council Membership - UN Membership - Research Guides at United Nations Dag Hammarskjöld Library.
  2. https://www.un.org/en/ecosoc/about/members.shtml UN Economic and Social Council Members list (official site)
  3. Gregg, Robert W. “The Economic and Social Council: Politics of Membership.” The Western Political Quarterly, vol. 16, no. 1, 1963, pp. 109–32. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/445962. Accessed 5 Mar. 2024.
  4. Web site: Minutes of the First Meeting of the United States Delegation, on Board the Queen Elizabeth, January 2, 1946, 11 a.m..
  5. Padelford, Norman J. “Politics and the Future of ECOSOC.” International Organization, vol. 15, no. 4, 1961, pp. 564–80. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/2705552. Accessed 24 Mar. 2024.
  6. http://undocs.org/en/A/PV.94
  7. http://undocs.org/en/A/PV.389
  8. http://undocs.org/en/A/PV.390
  9. Web site: A/PV.942.
  10. Web site: A/PV.959.
  11. Web site: A/PV.981.
  12. Web site: A/PV.987.
  13. Web site: A/PV.6.
  14. Web site: A/PV.1403.
  15. Web site: A/PV.2177.
  16. Book: Endeley, Isaac . 2009 . Bloc Politics at the United Nations: The African Group . University Press of America . 978-0761845584.
  17. Endeley . Isaac . 1998 . Le Groupe africain à l'ONU dans l'après-guerre froide . PhD . Université de Montréal . 2024-03-30 . French.
  18. Web site: Note of Presentation of the Document on Candidatures.
  19. Web site: Report of the Administrative Secretary-General on African Candidatures to the United Nation and its Specialized Agencies and to other International Organizations.
  20. Web site: A/PV.2177.
  21. Web site: A/PV.1396.
  22. Web site: Special Research Report No. 4: Security Council Elections 2006 : Research Report : Security Council Report.
  23. Web site: Security Council Elections 2022.