List of marine reptiles explained
Following is a list of marine reptiles, reptiles which are adapted to life in marine or brackish environments.
Extant
The following marine reptiles are species which are currently extant or recently extinct.
Crocodiles
Crocodylus acutus (American crocodile)
Crocodylus porosus (Saltwater crocodile)
Lizards
Amblyrhynchus cristatus (Marine iguana)
Varanus indicus (Mangrove monitor)
Snakes
Acrochordus arafurae (Arafura filesnake)
Acrochordus granulatus (Little filesnake)
Acrochordus javanicus (Javan file snake)
Farancia abacura (Mud snake)
Farancia erythrogrammus (Rainbow snake)
Helicops angulatus (Brown-banded water snake)
Helicops infrataeniatus
Helicops scalaris
Hydrops triangularis
Leptodeira rubricata (Costa Rican cat-eyed snake)
Pseudoeryx relictualis
Tretanorhinus nigroluteus
Tretanorhinus variabilis
Grayia smythii (Smith's African water snake)
Cerberus australis
Cerberus dunsoni
Cerberus microlepis
Cerberus rynchops
Cerberus schneiderii
Myrrophis bennettii (Bennett's mud snake)
Myron karnsi
Myron resetari
Myron richardsonii
Aipysurus eydouxii (Spine-tailed sea snake)
Aipysurus laevis (Olive sea snake)
Disteira major (Olive-headed or greater sea snake)
Disteira nigrocincta
Disteira walli (Wall's sea snake)
- Enhydrina schistosa (Beaked sea snake, hook-nosed sea snake, common sea snake, Valakadyn sea snake)
Hydrophis belcheri (Faint-banded sea snake, Belcher's sea snake)
Hydrophis bituberculatus (Peters' sea snake)
Hydrophis brooki
Hydrophis caerulescens (Dwarf sea snake)
Hydrophis cantoris
Hydrophis cyanocinctus (Annulated sea snake, blue-banded sea snake)
Hydrophis fasciatus (Striped sea snake)
Hydrophis gracilis (Graceful small-headed sea snake, slender sea snake)
Hydrophis inornatus (Plain sea snake)
Hydrophis klossi (Kloss' sea snake)
Hydrophis lapemoides (Persian Gulf sea snake)
Hydrophis mamillaris (Bombay sea snake)
Hydrophis melanocephalus (Slender-necked sea snake)
Hydrophis obscurus (Russell's sea snake)
Hydrophis ornatus (Ornate reef sea snake)
Hydrophis semperi (Garman's sea snake)
Hydrophis spiralis (Yellow sea snake)
Hydrophis stricticollis (Collared sea snake)
Hydrophis viperinus
Lapemis curtus (Shaw's sea snake)
Lapemis hardwickii (Hardwicke's spine-bellied sea snake)
Laticauda colubrina (Colubrine sea krait, yellow-lipped sea krait)
Laticauda laticaudata (Blue-lipped sea krait)
Thalassophis anomalus (Anomalous sea snake)
Sea turtles
Dermochelys coriacea (leatherback sea turtle)
Caretta caretta (Loggerhead sea turtle)
Lepidochelys kempii (Kemp's ridley)
Lepidochelys olivacea (Olive ridley)
Chelonia mydas (Green sea turtle)
Eretmochelys imbricata (Hawksbill sea turtle)
Natator depressus (Flatback sea turtle)
Extinct
From the Permian to the present day there have been numerous groups of extinct reptiles that adapted to life in the marine realm:
Stereosternum
Mesosaurus
Late Triassic
Mystriosuchus
Squamates
- Dolichosauridae: Late Cretaceous
Adriosaurus
Dolichosaurus
Judeasaurus
Opetiosaurus
Aigialosaurus
Portunatasaurus
Carinodens
Clidastes
Dallasaurus
Globidens
Kaikaifilu
Mosasaurus
Plotosaurus
Prognathodon
Thalassotitan
Eonatator
Halisaurus
Hainosaurus
Tylosaurus
Taniwhasaurus
Platecarpus
Plioplatecarpus
Selmasaurus
Late Cretaceous
Eupodophis
Haasiophis
Pachyophis
Pachyrhachis
Late Cretaceous - Eocene
Archaeophis
Palaeophis
Pterosphenus
Pleurosaurus
Palaeopleurosaurus
Vadasaurus?
Derasmosaurus?
Middle Triassic
Middle Triassic
Cyamodus
Henodus
Palatodonta
Paraplacodus
Placochelys
Placodus
Psephoderma
Protenodontosaurus
Glyphoderma
Psephosauriscus
Psephochelys
Pararcus
Parahenodus
Sinocyamodus
Triassic
Ceresiosaurus
Germanosaurus
Lariosaurus
Nothosaurus
Silvestrosaurus
Simosaurus
Anarosaurus
Dactylosaurus
Keichousaurus
Neusticosaurus (Pachypleurosaurus)
Dawazisaurus
Diandongosaurus
Dianmeisaurus
Hanosaurus
Honghesaurus
Majiashanosaurus
Panzhousaurus
Qianxisaurus
Wumengosaurus
Dianopachysaurus
Luopingosaurus
Odoiporosaurus
Prosantosaurus
Serpianosaurus
Chusaurus
Middle Triassic
Early Jurassic - Late Cretaceous
Early Jurassic - Late Cretaceous
Cryptoclidus
Microcleidus
Muraenosaurus
Elasmosaurus
Futabasaurus
Hydrotherosaurus
Kimmerosaurus
Libonectes
Mauisaurus
Morturneria
Thalassomedon
Tuarangisaurus
Dolichorhynchops
Edgarosaurus
Manemergus
Sulcusuchus
Thililua
Trinacromerum
Early Jurassic - Late Cretaceous
Kronosaurus
Liopleurodon
Pliosaurus
Macroplata
Peloneustes
Rhomaleosaurus
Umoonasaurus
Sachicasaurus
Ichthyosaurs
Ichthyosaurus
Ichthyotitan
Mixosaurus
Ophthalmosaurus
Shastasaurus
Shonisaurus
Early Jurassic - Early Cretaceous
Eoneustes
Teleidosaurus
Zoneait
Aggiosaurus
Dakosaurus
Enaliosuchus
Geosaurus
Metriorhynchus
Neustosaurus
Purranisaurus
Teleidosaurus
Machimosaurus
Pelagosaurus
Platysuchus
Teleosaurus
Steneosaurus
Middle Jurassic - Early Eocene
Middle Jurassic - Late Cretaceous
Elosuchus
Oceanosuchus
Terminonaris
Late Cretaceous - Early Eocene
Arambourgisuchus
Atlantosuchus
Dyrosaurus
Guarinisuchus
Phosphatosaurus
Rhabdognathus
Late Cretaceous - Recent
Eothoracosaurus
Thoracosaurus
Eosuchus
Argochampsa
Eogavialis
Ikanogavialis
Piscogavialis
Siquisiquesuchus
Gryposuchus
Aktiogavialis
Testudines
Allopleuron
Archelon
Pneumatoarthrus
Protostega
Araripemys
Notes and References
- Murphy . J. C. . Marine Invasions by Non-Sea Snakes, with Thoughts on Terrestrial-Aquatic-Marine Transitions . Integrative and Comparative Biology . 10 May 2012 . 52 . 2 . 217–226 . 10.1093/icb/ics060 . 22576813. free .
- Silvio Renesto (2005). "A possible find of Endennasaurus (Reptilia, Thalattosauria) with a comparison between Endennasaurus and Pachystropheus". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte. Jg. 2005 (2): 118–128.
- Liu, J., L.-J. Zhao, C. Li, and T. He. 2013. Osteology of Concavispina biseridens (Reptilia, Thalattosauria) from the Xiaowa Formation (Carnian), Guanling, Guizhou, China Journal of Palaeontology 87:341-350.
