List of mammals of Vermont explained

The list of mammals of Vermont includes all mammal species living in the US state of Vermont. Three species including the eastern cottontail, house mouse, and the Norway rat have been introduced into the state.^[1] Four species of mammals are currently extirpated from the state: elk, gray wolf, wolverine, and caribou.^{[2] [3]} Vermont does not have a designated state mammal, but does designate the Morgan horse as its state horse. The list does not include species found only in captivity.

Didelphimorphia

Opossums

Family: Didelphidae

• Virginia opossum, Didelphis virginiana^{[4] [5]}
  Secure^[6] and increasing throughout the state.^[7]

Eulipotyphla

Shrews

Family: Soricidae

• Eastern water shrew, Sorex albibarbis^[8]
  Possibly a subspecies of the American water shrew^[9]
• Cinereus shrew, Sorex cinereus
• Long-tailed shrew, Sorex dispar
• Smoky shrew, Sorex fumeus
• American pygmy shrew, Sorex hoyi
• Northern short-tailed shrew, Blarina brevicauda^[10]

Moles

Family: Talpidae

• Star-nosed mole, Condylura cristata
• Hairy-tailed mole, Parascalops breweri

Rodents

Beavers

Family: Castoridae

• North American beaver, Castor canadensis

Porcupines

Family: Erethizontidae

• North American porcupine, Erethizon dorsatum

Jumping mice

Family: Dipodidae

• Woodland jumping mouse, Napaeozapus insignis
• Meadow jumping mouse, Zapus hudsonius

New World rats, mice, and voles

Family: Cricetidae

• Southern red-backed vole, Clethrionomys gapperi
• Rock vole, Microtus chrotorrhinus
• Eastern meadow vole, Microtus pennsylvanicus
• Woodland vole, Microtus pinetorum
• Muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus
• White-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus
• Eastern deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus
• Southern bog lemming, Synaptomys cooperi

Old World rats, mice

Family: Muridae

• House mouse, Mus musculus introduced
• Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus introduced

Chipmunks, marmots, squirrels

Family: Sciuridae

• Northern flying squirrel, Glaucomys sabrinus
• Southern flying squirrel, Glaucomys volans
• Groundhog, Marmota monax
• Eastern gray squirrel, Sciurus carolinensis
• Eastern chipmunk, Tamias striatus
• American red squirrel, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus

Lagomorpha

Hares and rabbits

Family: Leporidae

• Snowshoe hare, Lepus americanus
• Eastern cottontail, Sylvilagus floridanus introduced
• New England cottontail, Sylvilagus transitionalis

Chiroptera

Vesper bats

Family: Vespertilionidae

• Big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus
• Silver-haired bat, Lasionycteris noctivagans
• Eastern red bat, Lasiurus borealis
• Hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus
• Eastern small-footed myotis, Myotis leibii
• Little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus
  Endangered and in decline.^[11]
• Northern long-eared bat, Myotis septentrionalis
• Indiana bat, Myotis sodalis
• Tricolored bat, Perimyotis subflavus

Carnivora

Cats

Family: Felidae

• Canada lynx, Lynx canadensis
• Bobcat, Lynx rufus
• Cougar, Puma concolor possibly extirpated^[12]
  • Eastern cougar, P. c. couguar

Canines

Family: Canidae

• Coyote, Canis latrans
• Gray wolf, Canis lupus extirpated
• Gray fox, Urocyon cinereoargenteus
• Red fox, Vulpes vulpes

Bears

Family: Ursidae

• American black bear, Ursus americanus

Skunks

Family: Mephitidae

• Striped skunk, Mephitis mephitis

Weasels

Family: Mustelidae

• Wolverine, Gulo gulo extirpated
• North American river otter, Lontra canadensis
• American marten, Martes americana
• American ermine, Mustela richardsonii
• Long-tailed weasel, Neogale frenata
• American mink, Neogale vison
• Fisher, Pekania pennanti

Raccoons

Family: Procyonidae

• Raccoon, Procyon lotor

Artiodactyla

Deer

Family: Cervidae

• Moose, Alces alces
• Elk, Cervus canadensis extirpated
• White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus
• Caribou, Rangifer tarandus extirpated

See also

• Mammals of New England
• List of birds of Vermont
• List of amphibians of Vermont
• List of reptiles of Vermont
• List of regional mammals lists
• List of prehistoric mammals
• Mammal classification

References

• Book: Burt . William Henry (Text and Maps) . Grossenheider . Richard Philip (Illustrations) . 1980 . 1952 . Peterson Field Guides . A Field Guide to the Mammals. North America north of Mexico . Third . Boston, New York . Houghton Mifflin Company . 0-395-91098-6 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Mammals of Vermont . Vermont Fish & Wildlife Department . 2022-12-07.
2. Osgood . F.L. . November 1938 . The mammals of Vermont . Journal of Mammalogy . 1938 . 19 . 4 . 435–441 . 10.2307/1374228 . 1374228.
3. News: Rogers . Tom . History Space: Vermont's great outdoors . Burlington Free Press . 2017-11-11.
4. Web site: North American Opossum - Didelphis virginiana . val.vtecostudies.org . Vermont Center for Ecostudies . 2024-08-05 . https://web.archive.org/web/20240805000914/http://web.archive.org/screenshot/https://val.vtecostudies.org/species-profile/?taxonKey=160795312 . 2024-08-05 . Norwich, Vermont . 2024-06-25 . live.
5. Web site: Didelphis virginiana - Virginia opossum . animaldiversity.org . Regents of the University of Michigan . 2024-07-09. 2024-07-10. https://archive.today/20240710010122/https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Didelphis_virginiana/%23geographic_range. live.
6. Web site: Didelphis virginiana - Virginia Opossum . 2024-07-05 . explorer.natureserve.org . NatureServe . 2024-07-14 . 2024-07-14 . https://archive.today/20240714200038/https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.106143/Didelphis_virginiana . live.
7. Pérez-Hernandez . R. . Lew . D. . Solari . S. . 2016 . Didelphis virginiana . e.T40502A22176259 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T40502A22176259.en . 2024-08-05 . International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources . https://archive.today/20240805002607/https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T40502A22176259.en . 2024-08-05 . live.
8. Web site: Sorex albibarbis - Eastern Water Shrew . 2024-07-05 . 2024-07-14 . explorer.natureserve.org . NatureServe . 2024-07-10 . https://archive.today/20240710004202/https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.979860/Sorex_albibarbis . live.
9. Web site: American Water Shrew (Sorex palustris) . 2022-01-31 . 2024-07-14 . val.vtecostudies.org . Vermont Center for Ecostudies . 2024-07-14 . https://archive.today/20240714201926/https://val.vtecostudies.org/projects/vermont-mammal-atlas/american-water-shrew/ . live.
10. Web site: Northern Short-tailed Shrew - Blarina brevicauda . www.iucnredlist.org . International Union for Conservation of Nature . 2016-08-19 . 2024-07-10 . 2024-07-10 . https://archive.today/20240710095949/https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41451/115187102 . live.
11. Solari, S. . 2021 . 2018 . Myotis lucifugus . 2021 . e.T14176A208031565 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T14176A208031565.en . 17 December 2023.
12. Web site: NatureServe Explorer 2.0 . explorer.natureserve.org . 2023-01-15.