List of mammals of Oregon explained

This list of mammals of Oregon includes all wild mammal species living in or recently extirpated from the U.S. state of Oregon or its coastal shores. This list includes all species from the lists published by the American Society of Mammalogists or found in the comprehensive text Land Mammals of Oregon published in 1998. Rare instances where these lists disagree are noted. Species are grouped by order and then listed in sortable tables by family. Subspecies present in the region are discussed in the notes. The IUCN Red List status for each species is presented. Images presented are from Oregon or adjacent states, as possible. Species found only in captivity are not listed.^[1]

Oregon mammals by order

Table has not been updated for threatened species, thus all are listed "n/a".

Order	Members	Species	Threatened species
Artiodactyla	Even-toed ungulates	7	n/a
Carnivora	Carnivorans	24	n/a
Cetacea	Whales, dolphins and porpoises	6	n/a
Chiroptera	Bats	15	n/a
Didelphimorphia	Common opossums	1	n/a
Lagomorpha	Hares, rabbits and pikas	8	n/a
Rodentia	Rodents	63	n/a
Soricomorpha	Shrews, moles and solenodons	15	n/a
Total		139	n/a

Conservation statuses

See main article: IUCN Red List. Species are classified in nine groups, set through criteria such as rate of decline, population size, area of geographic distribution, degree of population and distribution fragmentation. The tables below reclassified results before 1994 to reflect the current rating system.

Terrestrial mammals

Carnivora

Carnivora (or ; from Latin carō (stem carn-) "flesh", + vorāre "to devour") is one of the most diverse of the mammalian orders. The gray wolf has recolonized Oregon especially in the northeast and is included in the list below. The grizzly bear was extirpated from the state in approximately 1940. Since it is included in Land Mammals of Oregon, it is included in the list below.

Chiroptera

Common name	Scientific name authority	Family	Distribution and notes	Red List
Big brown bat	Eptesicus fuscus	Vespertilionidae
Western pipistrelle or canyon bat	Pipistrellius hesperus	Vespertilionidae	Smallest bat in Oregon.	7 ^[14]
Western red bat	Lasiurus blossevillii	Vespertilionidae
Hoary bat	Lasiurus cinereus	Vespertilionidae
Townsend's big-eared bat	Corynorhinus townsendii	Vespertilionidae
Spotted bat	Euderma maculatum	Vespertilionidae
Pallid bat	Antrozous pallidus	Vespertilionidae	Typically found in desert regions, semi-arid.	7 ^[15]
Silver-haired bat	Lasionycteris noctivagans	Vespertilionidae
Californian myotis	Myotis californicus	Vespertilionidae
Western small-footed bat	Myotis ciliolabrum	Vespertilionidae
Little brown myotis	Myotis lucifugus	Vespertilionidae
Dark-nosed small-footed myotis	Myotis melanorhinus	Vespertilionidae
Fringed myotis	Myotis thysanodes	Vespertilionidae
Long-legged myotis	Myotis volans	Vespertilionidae
Yuma myotis	Myotis yumanensis	Vespertilionidae
Brazilian/Mexican free-tailed bat	Tadarida brasiliensis	Molossidae

Rodentia

The North Oregon Coast population of red tree voles (Arborimus longicaudus) are candidates for protection under the Endangered Species Act.^[16]

Common name	Scientific name authority	Family	Distribution and notes	Red List
Mountain beaver	Aplodontia rufa	Aplodontidae
North American beaver	Castor canadensis	Castoridae
Common porcupine	Erethizon dorsatum	Erethizontidae
Nutria	Myocastor coypus	Myocastoridae	Introduced.
Long-tailed vole	Microtus longicaudus	Cricetidae
Montane vole	Microtus montanus	Cricetidae
Creeping vole	Microtus oregoni	Cricetidae		7 ^[17]
North American water vole	Microtus richardsoni	Cricetidae		7 ^[18]
Townsend's vole	Microtus townsendii	Cricetidae		7 ^[19]
Bushy-tailed woodrat	Neotoma cinerea	Cricetidae		7 ^[20]
Dusky-footed woodrat	Neotoma fuscipes	Cricetidae		7 ^[21]
Desert woodrat	Neotoma lepida	Cricetidae		7 ^[22]
Common muskrat	Ondatra zibethicus	Cricetidae		7 ^[23]
Northern grasshopper mouse	Onychomys leucogaster	Cricetidae
White-footed vole	Arborimus albipes	Cricetidae
Red tree vole	Arborimus longicaudus	Cricetidae
Western red-backed vole	Clethrionomys californicus	Cricetidae
Southern red-backed vole	Myodes gapperi	Cricetidae
Sagebrush vole	Lemmiscus curtatus	Cricetidae
California vole	Microtus californicus	Cricetidae
Gray-tailed vole	Microtus canicaudus	Cricetidae
Brush deermouse	Peromyscus boylii	Cricetidae
Canyon deermouse	Peromyscus crinitus	Cricetidae
Western deermouse	Peromyscus sonoriensis	Cricetidae
Piñon deermouse	Peromyscus truei	Cricetidae
Western heather vole	Phenacomys intermedius	Cricetidae
Western harvest mouse	Reithrodontomys megalotis	Cricetidae
Botta's pocket gopher	Thomomys bottae	Geomyidae
Northern pocket gopher	Thomomys talpoides	Geomyidae
Mazama pocket gopher	Thomomys mazama	Geomyidae
Townsend's pocket gopher	Thomomys townsendii	Geomyidae
Camas pocket gopher	Thomomys bulbivorus	Geomyidae
California kangaroo rat	Dipodomys californicus	Heteromyidae
Yellow-pine chipmunk	Tamias amoenus	Sciuridae
Least chipmunk	Tamias minimus	Sciuridae
North American red squirrel	Tamiasciurus hudsonicus	Sciuridae
Belding's ground squirrel	Urocitellus beldingi	Sciuridae
Merriam's ground squirrel	Urocitellus canus	Sciuridae
Columbian ground squirrel	Urocitellus columbianus	Sciuridae
Wyoming ground squirrel	Urocitellus elegans	Sciuridae
Chisel-toothed kangaroo rat	Dipodomys microps	Heteromyidae
Ord's kangaroo rat	Dipodomys ordii	Heteromyidae
Dark kangaroo mouse	Microdipodops megacephalus	Heteromyidae
Little pocket mouse	Perognathus longimembris	Heteromyidae
Great Basin pocket mouse	Perognathus parvus	Heteromyidae
House mouse	Mus musculus	Muridae	Not native
Brown rat	Rattus norvegicus	Muridae	Not native
Black rat	Rattus rattus	Muridae	Not native
Golden-mantled ground squirrel	Callospermophilus lateralis	Sciuridae
Douglas squirrel	Tamiasciurus douglasii	Sciuridae
Northern flying squirrel	Glaucomys sabrinus	Sciuridae
Humboldt's flying squirrel	Glaucomys oregonensis	Sciuridae
Yellow-bellied marmot	Marmota flaviventris	Sciuridae

Artiodactyla

Common name	Scientific name authority	Family	Distribution and notes	Red List
Pronghorn	Antilocapra americana	Antilocapridae	The Oregon pronghorn subspecies (A. a. oregona Bailey) has been described, but taxonomic status may be in question. Found in sagebrush steppe in eastern regions of state. Fastest mammal on the continent: top speeds of 50 mph (80 km/h)^[24] (Image taken in Catlow Valley, Oregon)
American bison	Bison bison	Bovidae	Historically native to eastern and central Oregon. Extirpated by the early to mid-19th century.
Bighorn sheep	Ovis canadensis	Bovidae	Historically native to much of eastern Oregon, but then became extinct in the state^[25] until reintroductions, recently to the Mutton Mountains,^[26] Cottonwood Canyon State Park and near the John Day Fossil Beds in the 21st century;^[27] bighorn sheep now live in herds scattered across eastern Oregon.
Mountain goat	Oreamnos americanus	Bovidae	Historically native to the northern Oregon Cascades and the Wallowa and Blue mountains until extinction in the state in the 19th or 20th century; reintroduced to the Wallowa and Elkhorn mountains starting in the 20th century, and recently introduced to Mount Jefferson in 2010 and 2012.
Elk	Cervus canadensis	Cervidae	Common throughout state
Mule deer	Odocoileus hemionus	Cervidae	Common throughout
White-tailed deer	Odocoileus virginianus	Cervidae	Common throughout
Moose	Alces americanus	Cervidae	Northeastern reaches, Wallowa County, small population of the subspecies Shiras moose (A. a. shirasi);^[28] largest extant species in deer family; herbivorous.	7 ^[29]

Eulipotyphla

Common name	Scientific name authority	Family	Distribution and notes	Red List
Baird's shrew	Sorex bairdii	Soricidae	Endemic to northwestern Oregon; two subspecies described, see main article page; dwells among conifers.	7 ^[30]
Marsh shrew	Sorex bendirii	Soricidae
Masked shrew	Sorex cinereus	Soricidae	Disputed. On ASM list but not in Verts.
Merriam's shrew	Sorex merriami	Soricidae
Dusky shrew	Sorex monticolus	Soricidae
Pacific shrew	Sorex pacificus	Soricidae
American water shrew	Sorex palustris	Soricidae
Preble's shrew	Sorex preblei	Soricidae
Fog shrew	Sorex sonomae	Soricidae
Trowbridge's shrew	Sorex trowbridgii	Soricidae
Vagrant shrew	Sorex vagrans	Soricidae
Shrew mole	Neurotrichus gibbsii	Talpidae
Broad-footed mole	Scapanus latimanus	Talpidae
Coast mole	Scapanus orarius	Talpidae
Townsend's mole	Scapanus townsendii	Talpidae

Lagomorpha

The order Lagomorpha consists of two living families: the Leporidae (hares and rabbits) and the Ochotonidae (pikas). The name of the order is derived from the Greek lagos (λαγός, "hare") and morphē (μορφή, "form"). There are eight species in Oregon.

Didelphimorphia

There is only one species from the order Didelphimorphia in the state.

Marine mammals

Cetacea

Common name	Scientific name authority	Family	Distribution and notes	Red List
Common minke whale	Balaenoptera acutorostrata	Balaenopteridae
Sei whale	Balaenoptera borealis	Balaenopteridae
Blue whale	Balaenoptera musculus	Balaenopteridae
Fin whale	Balaenoptera physalus	Balaenopteridae
Humpback whale	Megaptera novaeangliae	Balaenopteridae
Gray whale	Eschrichtius robustus	Eschrichtiidae
Short-beaked common dolphin	Delphinus delphis	Delphinidae
Short-finned pilot whale	Globicephala macrorhynchus	Delphinidae
Risso's dolphin	Grampus griseus	Delphinidae
Pacific white-sided dolphin	Lagernorhynchus obliquidens	Delphinidae
Northern right whale dolphin	Lissodelphis borealis	Delphinidae
Killer whale	Orcinus orca	Delphinidae
False killer whale	Pseudorca crassidens	Delphinidae
Striped dolphin	Stenella coeruleoalba	Delphinidae
Harbor porpoise	Phocoena phocoena	Phocoenidae
Dall's porpoise	Phocoenoides dalli	Phocoenidae
Sperm whale	Physeter macrocephalus	Physeteridae
Pygmy sperm whale	Kogia breviceps	Kogiidae
Dwarf sperm whale	Kogia sima	Kogiidae
Baird's beaked whale	Berardius bairdii	Ziphiidae
Hubbs' beaked whale	Mesoplodon carlhubbsi	Ziphiidae
Stejneger's beaked whale	Mesoplodon stejnegeri	Ziphiidae
Cuvier's beaked whale	Ziphius cavirostris	Ziphiidae

See also

• Fauna of Oregon
• List of prehistoric mammals
• Lists of mammals by region
• Mammal classification
• List of mammals described in the 2000s

References

• Species range maps using extent points to develop:
  • Hall, E. Raymond & Kelson, Keith R. (1959). The Mammals of North America. Ronald Press Co., New York. 2 vols., xxx + 1162 pp.
  • Hall, E. R. (1981). The Mammals of North America. 2nd ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York
• Species range maps that support current ranges developed were done by Thomas A. O'Neil and Margaret M. Shaughnessy by reviewing over 150,000 museum records and developing them in a GIS tied to wildlife-habitat types and elevation.
  • Csuti, B.; Kimmerling, J.; Shaughnessy, M. & Huso, M. (1997). Atlas of Oregon Wildlife. Oregon State Press. Corvallis, OR. 492 pp.
  • Csuti, B.; O'Neil, T. A. & Shaughnessy, M. M. (2001). Atlas of Oregon Wildlife (Second Edition, Revised and Expanded). Oregon State University Press, Corvallis, OR. 525 pp.

Bibliography

• Book: Verts. B. J.. Carraway. Leslie N.. Land Mammals of Oregon. 1998. University of California Press. 978-0-520-21199-5.
• Book: Maser, Chris. Mammals of the Pacific Northwest: From the Coast to the High Cascades. 1998. Oregon State University Press. 978-0-87071-438-2. October 22, 2014.

Notes and References

1. Web site: Mammals of Oregon . American Society of Mammalogists . October 18, 2014 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20121219222119/http://www.mammalsociety.org/mammals-oregon . December 19, 2012 .
2. Kays, R. . 2018 . Canis latrans . 2018 . e.T3745A163508579 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T3745A163508579.en . 12 November 2021.
3. Web site: ODFW Gray Wolf Population. October 21, 2014.
4. Web site: ODFW Threatened, Endangered, and Candidate Fish and Wildlife Species. October 26, 2014.
5. Boitani, L. . Phillips, M. . Jhala, Y. . 2018 . Canis lupus . 2018 . e.T3746A163508960 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T3746A163508960.en . 12 November 2021.
6. Roemer, G. . Cypher, B. . List, R. . 2016 . Urocyon cinereoargenteus . 2016 . e.T22780A46178068 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T22780A46178068.en . 12 November 2021.
7. Cypher, B. . List, R. . 2014 . Vulpes macrotis . 2014 . e.T41587A62259374 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T41587A62259374.en . 12 November 2021. Database entry includes a brief justification of why this species is of least concern
8. News: Threatened California fox species found in Oregon . Carolyn Jones . San Francisco Chronicle . June 20, 2012 . July 7, 2012.
9. Hoffmann, M. . Sillero-Zubiri, C. . 2021 . Vulpes vulpes . 2021 . e.T23062A193903628 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T23062A193903628.en . 12 November 2021.
10. Book: David Maehr. Reed F. Noss. Jeffery L. Larkin. Large Mammal Restoration: Ecological And Sociological Challenges In The 21st Century. October 1, 2001. Island Press. 978-1-55963-817-3. 29–.
11. Book: Ruggiero. technical editors, Leonard F.. The Scientific basis for conserving forest carnivores : American marten, fisher, lynx and wolverine in the western United States. 1994. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain forest and range experiment station.. Fort Collins, Colorado. 0788136283. 40. October 21, 2014. etal.
12. Web site: ODFW, Oregon Wildlife Species: Cats . October 26, 2014.
13. Vashon, J. . 2016 . Lynx canadensis . 2016 . e.T12518A101138963 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T12518A101138963.en . 12 November 2021.
14. Solari, S. . 2019 . Parastrellus hesperus . 2019 . e.T17341A22129352 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T17341A22129352.en . 12 November 2021.
15. Arroyo-Cabrales, J. . de Grammont, P.C. . 2017 . Antrozous pallidus . 2017 . e.T1790A22129152 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T1790A22129152.en . 12 November 2021.
16. Web site: USFWS Arborimus longicaudus Listing Status: Candidate. US Fish & Wildlife Service. U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. October 19, 2014.
17. Linzey, A.V.. Hammerson, G.. 2008. Microtus oregoni. October 26, 2014.
18. Linzey, A.V.. Hammerson, G.. 2008. Microtus richardsoni. October 26, 2014.
19. Linzey, A.V.. NatureServe (Hammerson, G.). 2008. Microtus townsendii. October 26, 2014.
20. Linzey, A.V.. NatureServe (Hammerson, G.). 2008. Neotoma cinerea. October 26, 2014.
21. Cassola, F. . 2016 . Neotoma fuscipes . 2016 . e.T14587A22371665 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T14587A22371665.en . 12 November 2021.
22. Linzey, A.V.. Timm, R.. Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T.. Castro-Arellano, I.. Lacher, T.. 2008. Neotoma lepida. February 4, 2010.
23. Cassola, F. . 2016 . Ondatra zibethicus . 2016 . e.T15324A22344525 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T15324A22344525.en . 12 November 2021.
24. Web site: Wildlife Species: Antilocapra americana. US Forest Service. October 30, 2014.
25. Web site: Oregon's Bighorn Sheep and Rocky Mountain Goat Management Plan. December 2003. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. i, 1, 23–24. October 26, 2014.
26. News: Oregon mountain goats coming back. December 26, 2012. Associated Press. The Columbian. Vancouver, Washington. October 26, 2014.
27. News: Bighorn sheep released in two new Oregon spots. Oregon Public Broadcasting. December 17, 2010. Profita, Cassandra. October 26, 2014.
28. News: Cockle, Richard. Oregon Biologists Fear Small Moose Herd May Be Infected with Deadly Parasite. The Oregonian. Oregon Live. Portland. January 17, 2010. October 26, 2014.
29. Alces americanus . Geist, V. . Ferguson, M. . Rachlow, J . 2008 . October 19, 2014.
30. Cassola, F. . 2016 . Sorex bairdi . 2016 . e.T41387A22314464 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T41387A22314464.en . 12 November 2021.
31. Smith, A.T. and Beever, E. . 2016 . Ochotona princeps . 2016 . e.T41267A45184315 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T41267A45184315.en . 12 November 2021.
32. Rachlow, J. . Becker, P.A. . Shipley, L. . 2016 . Brachylagus idahoensis . 2016 . e.T2963A45176206 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T2963A45176206.en . 12 November 2021.
33. Mills, L. . Smith, A.T. . 2019 . Lepus americanus . 2019 . e.T41273A45185466 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41273A45185466.en . 12 November 2021.
34. Mills, L. . Smith, A.T. . 2019 . Lepus americanus . 2019 . e.T41273A45185466 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41273A45185466.en . 12 November 2021.
35. Brown, D.E. . Lorenzo, C. . Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T. . 2019 . Lepus californicus . 2019 . e.T41276A45186309 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41276A45186309.en . 12 November 2021.
36. Brown, D.E. . Smith, A.T. . 2019 . Lepus townsendii . 2019 . e.T41288A45189364 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41288A45189364.en . 12 November 2021.
37. Web site: IUCN Red List maps.
38. Nielsen, C. . Lanier, H.C. . 2019 . Sylvilagus floridanus . 2019 . e.T41299A45191626 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41299A45191626.en . 12 November 2021.
39. Smith, A.T. . Brown, D.E. . 2019 . Sylvilagus nuttallii . 2019 . e.T41300A45192243 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41300A45192243.en . 12 November 2021.
40. Kelly, P.A. . Lorenzo, C. . Alvarez-Castaneda, S.T. . 2019 . Sylvilagus bachmani . 2019 . e.T41302A45192710 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41302A45192710.en . 12 November 2021.
41. Web site: Non-native Animal Policy — Audubon Society of Portland . October 26, 2014.
42. Pérez-Hernandez, R. . Lew, D. . Solari, S. . 2016 . Didelphis virginiana . 2016 . e.T40502A22176259 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T40502A22176259.en . 12 November 2021.