List of mammals of Bosnia and Herzegovina explained

There are 59 mammal species in Bosnia and Herzegovina, of which one is endangered, eight are vulnerable, and two are near threatened.^[1]

The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

EX	Extinct	No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
EW	Extinct in the wild	Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
CR	Critically endangered	The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
EN	Endangered	The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
VU	Vulnerable	The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
NT	Near threatened	The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
LC	Least concern	There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
DD	Data deficient	There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.

Some species were assessed using an earlier set of criteria. Species assessed using this system have the following instead of near threatened and least concern categories:

LR/cd	Lower risk/conservation dependent	Species which were the focus of conservation programmes and may have moved into a higher risk category if that programme was discontinued.
LR/nt	Lower risk/near threatened	Species which are close to being classified as vulnerable but are not the subject of conservation programmes.
LR/lc	Lower risk/least concern	Species for which there are no identifiable risks.

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing. Most rodents are small though the capybara can weigh up to 45 kg (100 lb).

• Suborder: Sciurognathi
  • Family: Sciuridae (squirrels)
    • Subfamily: Sciurinae
      • Tribe: Sciurini
        • Genus: Sciurus
          • Red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris LC
    • Subfamily: Xerinae
      • Tribe: Marmotini
        • Genus: Marmota
          • Alpine marmot, Marmota marmota LR/lc
  • Family: Gliridae (dormice)
    • Subfamily: Leithiinae
      • Genus: Dryomys
        • Forest dormouse, Dryomys nitedula LR/nt
      • Genus: Eliomys
        • Garden dormouse, Eliomys quercinus VU
      • Genus: Muscardinus
        • Hazel dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius LR/nt
    • Subfamily: Glirinae
      • Genus: Glis
        • European edible dormouse Glis glis LR/nt
  • Family: Spalacidae
    • Subfamily: Spalacinae
      • Genus: Nannospalax
        • Lesser mole rat, Nannospalax leucodon VU
  • Family: Cricetidae
    • Subfamily: Arvicolinae
      • Genus: Arvicola
        • Water vole, Arvicola terrestris LR/lc
      • Genus: Chionomys
        • Snow vole, Chionomys nivalis LR/nt
      • Genus: Clethrionomys
        • Bank vole, Clethrionomys glareolus LR/lc
      • Genus: Cricetus
        • European hamster, C. cricetus presence uncertain
      • Genus: Dinaromys
        • Balkan snow vole, Dinaromys bogdanovi LR/nt
      • Genus: Microtus
        • Field vole, Microtus agrestis LR/lc
        • Common vole, Microtus arvalis LR/lc
        • European pine vole, Microtus subterraneus LR/lc
        • Thomas's pine vole, Microtus thomasi LR/nt
  • Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
    • Subfamily: Murinae
      • Genus: Apodemus
        • Striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius LR/lc
        • Yellow-necked mouse, Apodemus flavicollis LR/lc
        • Broad-toothed field mouse, Apodemus mystacinus LR/lc
        • Wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus LC
      • Genus: Micromys
        • Harvest mouse, Micromys minutus LR/nt
      • Genus: Mus
        • Steppe mouse, Mus spicilegus LR/nt
  • Family: Castoridae (beavers)
    • Genus: Castor
      • Eurasian beaver, C. fiber ^[2]

Order: Lagomorpha (lagomorphs)

The lagomorphs comprise two families, Leporidae (hares and rabbits), and Ochotonidae (pikas). Though they can resemble rodents, and were classified as a superfamily in that order until the early 20th century, they have since been considered a separate order. They differ from rodents in a number of physical characteristics, such as having four incisors in the upper jaw rather than two.

• Family: Leporidae (rabbits, hares)
  • Genus: Lepus
    • European hare, L. europaeus ^[3]

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

The "shrew-forms" are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

• Family: Soricidae (shrews)
  • Subfamily: Crocidurinae
    • Genus: Crocidura
      • Bicolored shrew, C. leucodon
      • Lesser white-toothed shrew, C. suaveolens ^[4]
  • Subfamily: Soricinae
    • Tribe: Nectogalini
      • Genus: Neomys
        • Southern water shrew, N. anomalus
        • Eurasian water shrew, N. fodiens
    • Tribe: Soricini
      • Genus: Sorex
        • Alpine shrew, S. alpinus
        • Common shrew, S. araneus

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

• Family: Vespertilionidae
  • Subfamily: Myotinae
    • Genus: Myotis
      • Bechstein's bat, M. bechsteini ^[5]
      • Long-fingered bat, M. capaccinii ^[6]
      • Pond bat, M. dasycneme ^[7]
      • Geoffroy's bat, M. emarginatus ^[8]
  • Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
    • Genus: Barbastella
      • Western barbastelle, B. barbastellus ^[9]
    • Genus: Nyctalus
      • Greater noctule bat, N. lasiopterus ^[10]
      • Lesser noctule, N. leisleri ^[11]
    • Genus: Pipistrellus
      • Common pipistrelle, Pipistrellus pipistrellus LC
    • Genus: Plecotus
      • Brown long-eared bat, P. auritus ^[12]
      • Alpine long-eared bat, P. macrobullaris ^[13]
  • Subfamily: Miniopterinae
    • Genus: Miniopterus
      • Common bent-wing bat, M. schreibersii ^[14]
• Family: Rhinolophidae
  • Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
    • Genus: Rhinolophus
      • Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii ^[15]
      • Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale ^[16]
      • Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum ^[17]
      • Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros ^[18]
      • Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi ^[19]

Order: Cetacea (whales)

The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater.

• Suborder: Odontoceti
  • Superfamily: Platanistoidea
    • Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins)
      • Genus: Delphinus
        • Short-beaked common dolphin, D. delphis
      • Genus: Grampus
        • Risso's dolphin, G. griseus

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

• Suborder: Feliformia
  • Family: Felidae (cats)
    • Subfamily: Felinae
      • Genus: Felis
        • European wildcat, F. silvestris ^[20]
  • Family: Herpestidae
    • Genus: Urva
      • Small Indian mongoose, U. auropunctata ^[21] introduced
• Suborder: Caniformia
  • Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
    • Genus: Canis
      • Golden jackal, C. aureus ^[22]
        • European jackal, C. a. moreoticus
      • Gray wolf, C. lupus ^[23]
        • Eurasian wolf, C. l. lupus
    • Genus: Vulpes
      • Red fox, V. vulpes ^[24]
  • Family: Ursidae (bears)
    • Genus: Ursus
      • Brown bear, U. arctos ^[25]
        • Eurasian brown bear, U. a. arctos
  • Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
    • Genus: Lutra
      • European otter, L. lutra ^[26]
    • Genus: Martes
      • Beech marten, M. foina ^[27]
    • Genus: Meles
      • European badger, M. meles ^[28]
    • Genus: Mustela
      • Stoat, M. erminea ^[29]
      • Least weasel, M. nivalis ^[30]
      • European polecat, M. putorius ^[31]
  • Family: Phocidae (earless seals)
    • Genus: Monachus
      • Mediterranean monk seal, M. monachus extirpated^[32]

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

• Family: Suidae (pigs)
  • Subfamily: Suinae
    • Genus: Sus
      • Wild boar, S. scrofa
• Family: Cervidae (deer)
  • Subfamily: Cervinae
    • Genus: Cervus
      • Red deer, C. elaphus ^[33]
    • Genus: Dama
      • European fallow deer, D. dama ^[34]
  • Subfamily: Capreolinae
    • Genus: Capreolus
      • Roe deer, C. capreolus ^[35]

See also

• List of chordate orders
• Lists of mammals by region
• List of prehistoric mammals
• Mammal classification
• List of mammals described in the 2000s

References

• Web site: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Mammals of Bosnia and Herzegovina. IUCN. 2001. 22 May 2007.
• Web site: Mammal Species of the World . Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History . 2005 . 22 May 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070427043030/http://nmnhgoph.si.edu/msw/ . 27 April 2007 . dead .
• Web site: Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. 1995–2006. 22 May 2007.

Notes and References

1. This list is derived from the IUCN Red List which lists species of mammals and includes those mammals that have recently been classified as extinct (since 1500 AD). The taxonomy and naming of the individual species is based on those used in existing Wikipedia articles as of 21 May 2007 and supplemented by the common names and taxonomy from the IUCN, Smithsonian Institution, or University of Michigan where no Wikipedia article was available.
2. Castor fiber . Batbold, J. . Batsaikhan, N. . Shar, S. . Hutterer, R. . Kryštufek, B. . Yigit, N. . Mitsain, G. . Palomo, L. . 2016 . 2016 . e.T4007A115067136 .
3. Lepus europaeus . Hacklande, K. . Schai-Braun, S. . 2019 . 2019 . e.T41280A45187424 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T41280A45187424.en .
4. Crocidura suaveolens . Hutterer, R. . Amori, G. . Krystufek, B. . Yigit, N. . Mitsain, G. . Palomo, L.J. . amp . 2010 . e.T29656A9511068.
5. Myotis bechsteinii . Paunović, M. . 2019 . e.T14123A22053752.
6. Myotis capaccinii . Hutson, A. M. . Spitzenberger, F. . Aulagnier, S. . Juste, J. . Karatas, A. . Palmeirim, J. . Paunovic, M. . amp . 2010 . e.T14126A4399043.
7. Myotis dasycneme . Piraccini, R. . e.T14127A22055164 . 2016.
8. Myotis emarginatus . Piraccini, R. . e.T14129A22051191 . 2016.
9. Barbastella barbastellus . Piraccini, R. . e.T2553A22029285 . 2016.
10. Nyctalus lasiopterus . Hutson, A. M. . Alcaldé, J. T. . Juste, J. . Karataş, A. . Palmeirim, J. . Paunović, M. . 2010 . amp . e.T14918A4471682.
11. Nyctalus leisleri . Juste, J. . Paunović, M. . 2016 . amp . e.T14919A22016159.
12. Plecotus auritus . 2021 . amp . Gazaryan, S. . Kruskop, S.V. . Godlevska, L. . 2020 . e.T85535522A195861341.
13. Plecotus macrobullaris . Hutson, A. M. . Aulagnier, S. . Juste, J. . Karatas, A. . Palmeirim, J. . Paunovic, M. . amp . 2010 . e.T136229A4262709.
14. Miniopterus schreibersii . 2021 . Gazaryan, S. . amp . Bücs, S. . Çoraman, E. . 2020 . e.T81633057A19585652.
15. Rhinolophus blasii . Taylor, P. . 2016 . e.T19515A21972073.
16. Rhinolophus euryale . Juste, J. . Alcaldé, J. . amp . e.T19516A21971185 . 2016.
17. Rhinolophus ferrumequinum . Piraccini, R. . 2016 . e.T19517A21973253.
18. Rhinolophus hipposideros . Taylor, P. . 2016 . e.T19518A21972794.
19. Rhinolophus mehelyi . Alcaldé, J. . Benda, P. . Juste, J. . amp . e.T19519A21974380 . 2016.
20. Felis silvestris . Gerngross, P. . Ambarli, H. . Angelici, F.M. . Anile, S. . Campbell, R. . Ferreras de Andres, P. . Gil-Sanchez, J.M. . Götz, M. . Jerosch, S. . Mengüllüoglu, D. . Monterosso, P. . Zlatanova, D. . amp . e.T181049859A181050999 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T181049859A181050999.en . 2022 . 3 August 2022.
21. Jennings, A. . Veron, G. . 2016 . Herpestes auropunctatus . 2016 . e.T70204120A70204139 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T70204120A70204139.en . 18 November 2021.
22. Canis aureus . Hoffmann, M. . Arnold, J. . Duckworth, J. W. . Jhala, Y. . Kamler, J. F. . Krofel, M. . amp . 2018 . e.T118264161A46194820.
23. Canis lupus . Boitani, L. . Phillips, M. . Jhala, Y. . amp . 2018 . e.T3746A119623865.
24. Vulpes vulpes . Hoffmann, M. . Sillero-Zubiri, C. . amp . 2016 . e.T23062A46190249.
25. Ursus arctos . McLellan, B. N. . Proctor, M. F. . Huber, D. . Michel, S. . amp . e.T41688A121229971 . 2017.
26. Lutra lutra . Roos, A. . Loy, A. . de Silva, P. . Hajkova, P. . Zemanová, B. . amp . 2015 . e.T12419A21935287.
27. Martes foina . 2016 . Abramov, A.V. . Kranz, A. . Herrero, J. . Krantz, A. . Choudhury, A. . Maran, T. . amp . e.T29672A45202514.
28. Meles meles . Kranz, A. . Abramov, A. V. . Herrero, J. . Maran, T. . amp . 2016 . e.T29673A45203002.
29. Mustela erminea . Reid, F. . Helgen, K. . Kranz, A. . amp . 2016 . e.T29674A45203335.
30. Mustela nivalis . McDonald, R. A. . Abramov, A. V. . Stubbe, M. . Herrero, J. . Maran, T. . Tikhonov, A. . Cavallini, P. . Kranz, A. . Giannatos, G. . Kryštufek, B. . Reid, F. . amp . 2019 . e.T70207409A147993366.
31. Mustela putorius . Skumatov, D. . Abramov, A.V. . Herrero, J. . Kitchener, A. . Maran, T. . Kranz, A.. Sándor, A. . Stubbe, M. . Saveljev, A. . Savour-Soubelet, A. . Guinot-Ghestem, M. . Zuberogoitia, I. . Birks, J.D.S. . Weber, A. . Melisch, R. . Ruette, S. . amp . 2016 . e.T41658A45214384.
32. Monachus monachus . Karamanlidis, A. . Dendrinos, P. . amp . e.T13653A45227543 . 2015.
33. Cervus elaphus . Lovari, S. . Lorenzini, R. . Masseti, M. . Pereladova, O. . Carden, R.F. . Brook, S.M. . Mattioli, S. . amp . e.T55997072A142404453 . 2018.
34. Masseti, M. . Mertzanidou, D. . 2008 . Dama dama . 2008 . e.T42188A10656554 . 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T42188A10656554.en . 19 November 2021.
35. Capreolus capreolus . Lovari, S. . Herrero, J. . Masseti, M. . Ambarli, H. . Lorenzini, R. . Giannatos, G. . amp . 2016 . e.T42395A22161386.