| Bacterial diseases | |
|---|---|
| Bacterial leaf blight and stalk rot | Pseudomonas avenae subsp. avenae |
| Bacterial leaf spot | Xanthomonas campestris pv. holcicola |
| Bacterial stalk rot | Enterobacter dissolvens = Erwinia dissolvens |
| Bacterial stalk and top rot | Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora Erwinia chrysanthemi pv. zeae |
| Bacterial stripe | Pseudomonas andropogonis |
| Chocolate spot | Pseudomonas syringae pv. coronafaciens |
| Goss's bacterial wilt and blight (leaf freckles and wilt)[1] | Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis[2] Corynebacterium michiganense pv. nebraskense |
| Holcus spot | Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall |
| Purple leaf sheath | Hemiparasitic bacteria |
| Seed rot-seedling blight | Bacillus subtilis |
| Stewart's disease (bacterial wilt) | Erwinia stewartii |
| Corn stunt (achapparramiento, maize stunt, Mesa Central or Rio Grande maize stunt) | Spiroplasma kunkelii |
| Fungal diseases | |
|---|---|
| Anthracnose leaf blight Anthracnose stalk rot [3] [4] | Colletotrichum graminicola Glomerella graminicola [teleomorph] Glomerella tucumanensis Glomerella falcatum [anamorph] |
| Aspergillus ear and kernel rot | Aspergillus flavus |
| Banded leaf and sheath spot | Rhizoctonia solani Rhizoctonia microsclerotia Thanatephorus cucumeris [teleomorph] |
| Black bundle disease | Acremonium strictum Cephalosporium acremonium |
| Black kernel rot | Lasiodiplodia theobromae Botryodiplodia theobromae |
| Borde blanco | Marasmiellus sp. |
| Brown spot Black spot Stalk rot | Physoderma maydis |
| Cephalosporium kernel rot | Acremonium strictum Cephalosporium acremonium |
| Charcoal rot | Macrophomina phaseolina |
| Corticium ear rot | Thanatephorus cucumeris Corticium sasakii |
| Curvularia leaf spot | Curvularia clavata Curvularia eragrostidis Curvularia maculans Cochliobolus eragrostidis [teleomorph] Curvularia inaequalis Curvularia intermedia Cochliobolus intermedius [teleomorph] Curvularia lunata Cochliobolus lunatus [teleomorph] Curvularia pallescens Cochliobolus pallescens [teleomorph] Curvularia senegalensis Curvularia tuberculata Cochliobolus tuberculatus [teleomorph] |
| Didymella leaf spot | Didymella exitalis |
| Diplodia ear rot and stalk rot | Diplodia frumenti Botryosphaeria festucae [teleomorph] |
| Diplodia ear rot Stalk rot Seed rot Seedling blight | Diplodia maydis |
| Diplodia leaf spot or leaf streak | Stenocarpella macrospora Diplodia macrospora |
| Downy mildews | |
| Brown stripe downy mildew | Sclerophthora rayssiae |
| Crazy top downy mildew | Sclerophthora macrospora Sclerospora macrospora |
| Green ear downy mildew Graminicola downy mildew | Sclerospora graminicola |
| Java downy mildew | Peronosclerospora maydis Sclerospora maydis |
| Philippine downy mildew | Peronosclerospora philippinensis Sclerospora philippinensis |
| Sorghum downy mildew | Peronosclerospora sorghi Sclerospora sorghi |
| Spontaneum downy mildew | Peronosclerospora spontanea Sclerospora spontanea |
| Sugarcane downy mildew | Peronosclerospora sacchari Sclerospora sacchari |
| ... | |
| Dry ear rot Cob, kernel and stalk rot | Nigrospora oryzae Khuskia oryzae [teleomorph] |
| Ear rots, minor | Alternaria alternata Alternaria tenuis Aspergillus glaucus Aspergillus niger Aspergillus spp. Botrytis cinerea Botryotinia fuckeliana [teleomorph] Cunninghamella sp. Curvularia pallescens Doratomyces stemonitis Cephalotrichum stemonitis Fusarium culmorum Gonatobotrys simplex Pithomyces maydicus Rhizopus microsporus Rhizopus stolonifer Rhizopus nigricans Scopulariopsis brumptii |
| Ergot Horse's tooth | Claviceps gigantea Sphacelia sp. [anamorph] |
| Eyespot | Aureobasidium zeae Kabatiella zeae |
| Fusarium ear and stalk rot | Fusarium subglutinans Fusarium moniliforme |
| Fusarium kernel, root and stalk rot, seed rot and seedling blight | Fusarium moniliformeGibberella fujikuroi [teleomorph] |
| Fusarium stalk rot Seedling root rot | Fusarium avenaceum Gibberella avenacea [teleomorph] |
| Gibberella ear and stalk rot | Gibberella zeae Fusarium graminearum [anamorph] |
| Gray ear rot | Botryosphaeria zeae Physalospora zeae Macrophoma zeae [anamorph] |
| Corn grey leaf spot Gray leaf spot Cercospora leaf spot | Cercospora sorghi Cercospora sorghi Cercospora zeae-maydis[5] [6] Cercospora zeina |
| Helminthosporium root rot | Exserohilum pedicellatum Helminthosporium pedicellatum Setosphaeria pedicellata [teleomorph] |
| Hormodendrum ear rot Cladosporium ear rot | Cladosporium cladosporioides Hormodendrum cladosporioides Cladosporium herbarum Mycosphaerella tassiana [teleomorph] |
| Hyalothyridium leaf spot | Hyalothyridium maydis |
| Late wilt | Cephalosporium maydis |
| Leaf spots, minor | Alternaria alternata Ascochyta maydis Ascochyta tritici Ascochyta zeicola Bipolaris victoriae Helminthosporium victoriae Cochliobolus victoriae [teleomorph] Cochliobolus sativus Bipolaris sorokiniana [anamorph] = Helminthosporium sorokinianum = H. sativum Epicoccum nigrum Exserohilum prolatum Drechslera prolata Setosphaeria prolata [teleomorph] Graphium penicillioides Leptosphaeria maydis Leptothyrium zeae Ophiosphaerella herpotricha Scolecosporiella sp. [anamorph] Paraphaeosphaeria michotii Phoma sp. Septoria zeae Septoria zeicola Septoria zeina |
| Northern corn leaf blight White blast Crown stalk rot Stripe | Setosphaeria turcica Exserohilum turcicum [anamorph] Helminthosporium turcicum |
| Northern corn leaf spot Helminthosporium ear rot (race 1) | Cochliobolus carbonum Bipolaris zeicola [anamorph] Helminthosporium carbonum |
| Penicillium ear rot Blue eye Blue mold | Penicillium spp. Penicillium chrysogenum Penicillium expansum Penicillium oxalicum |
| Phaeocytostroma stalk rot and root rot | Phaeocytostroma ambiguum Phaeocytosporella zeae |
| Phaeosphaeria leaf spot | Phaeosphaeria maydis Sphaerulina maydis |
| Physalospora ear rot Botryosphaeria ear rot | Botryosphaeria festucae Physalospora zeicola Diplodia frumenti [anamorph] |
| Purple leaf sheath | Hemiparasitic bacteria and fungi |
| Pyrenochaeta stalk rot and root rot | Phoma terrestris Pyrenochaeta terrestris |
| Pythium root rot | Pythium spp. Pythium arrhenomanes Pythium graminicola |
| Pythium stalk rot | Pythium aphanidermatum Pythium butleri |
| Red kernel disease Ear mold, leaf and seed rot | Epicoccum nigrum |
| Rhizoctonia ear rot Sclerotial rot | Waitea zeae |
| Rhizoctonia root rot and stalk rot | Rhizoctonia solani Waitea zeae |
| Root rots, minor | Alternaria alternata Cercospora sorghi Dictochaeta fertilis Fusarium acuminatumGibberella acuminata [teleomorph] Fusarium equiseti Gibberella intricans [teleomorph] Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium pallidoroseum Fusarium poae Fusarium roseum Gibberella cyanogena Fusarium sulphureum [anamorph] Microdochium bolleyi Mucor sp. Periconia circinata Phytophthora cactorum Phytophthora drechsleri Phytophthora nicotianae Rhizopus arrhizus |
| Rostratum leaf spot Helminthosporium leaf disease, ear and stalk rot | Setosphaeria rostrata Helminthosporium rostratum |
| Rust, common corn | Puccinia sorghi |
| Rust, southern corn | Puccinia polysora |
| Rust, tropical corn | Physopella pallescens Physopella zeae Angiopsora zeae |
| Sclerotium ear rotSouthern blight | Athelia rolfsii |
| Seed rot-seedling blight | Athelia rolfsii Bipolaris sorokiniana Bipolaris zeicola Helminthosporium carbonum Diplodia maydis Exserohilum pedicillatum Exserohilum turcicum Helminthosporium turcicum Fusarium avenaceum Fusarium culmorum Fusarium moniliforme Gibberella zeae Fusarium graminearum [anamorph] Macrophomina phaseolina Penicillium spp. Phomopsis spp. Pythium spp. Rhizoctonia solani Spicaria spp. Waitea zeae |
| Selenophoma leaf spot | Selenophoma sp. |
| Sheath rot | Gaeumannomyces graminis |
| Shuck rot | Myrothecium gramineum |
| Silage mold | Monascus purpureus Monascus ruber |
| Smut, common | Ustilago zeae Ustilago maydis |
| Smut, false | Ustilaginoidea virens |
| Smut, head | Sphacelotheca reiliana Sporisorium holci-sorghi |
| Southern corn leaf blight and stalk rot | Cochliobolus heterostrophus Bipolaris maydis [anamorph] Helminthosporium maydis |
| Southern leaf spot | Stenocarpella macrospora Diplodia macrospora |
| Stalk rots, minor | Cercospora sorghi Fusarium episphaeria Fusarium merismoides Fusarium oxysporum Fusarium poae Fusarium roseum Fusarium solani Nectria haematococca [teleomorph] Fusarium tricinctum Mariannaea elegans Mucor spp. Rhopographus zeae Spicaria spp. |
| Storage rots | Aspergillus spp. Penicillium spp. and other fungi |
| Tar spot | Phyllachora maydis Monographella maydis Coniothyrium phyllachorae[7] [8] |
| Trichoderma ear rot and root rot | Trichoderma viride Trichoderma lignorum Hypocrea sp. [teleomorph] |
| White ear rot, root and stalk rot | Stenocarpella maydis Diplodia zeae |
| Yellow leaf blight | Ascochyta ischaemi Phyllosticta maydis Mycosphaerella zeae-maydis [teleomorph] |
| Zonate leaf spot | Gloeocercospora sorghi |
| Nematodes, Parasitic | |
|---|---|
| Awl | Dolichodorus spp. D. heterocephalus |
| Bulb and stem | Ditylenchus dipsaci |
| Burrowing | Radopholus similis |
| Cyst | Heterodera avenae H. zeae Punctodera chalcoensis |
| Dagger | Xiphinema spp. X. americanumX. mediterraneum |
| False root-knot | Nacobbus dorsalis |
| Lance, Columbia | Hoplolaimus columbus |
| Lance | Hoplolaimus spp. H. galeatus |
| Lesion | Pratylenchus spp. P. brachyurus P. crenatus P. hexincisus P. neglectus P. penetrans P. scribneri P. thornei P. zeae |
| Needle | Longidorus spp. L. breviannulatus |
| Ring | Criconemella spp. C. ornata |
| Root-knot | Meloidogyne spp. M. chitwoodi M. incognita M. javanica |
| Spiral | Helicotylenchus spp. |
| Sting | Belonolaimus spp. B. longicaudatus |
| Stubby-root | Paratrichodorus spp. P. christiei P. minor Quinisulcius acutus Trichodorus spp. |
| Stunt | Tylenchorhynchus dubius |
| Virus and virus-like diseases | |
|---|---|
| American wheat striate (wheat striate mosaic) | American wheat striate mosaic virus mosaic (AWSMV) |
| Barley stripe mosaic | Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) |
| Barley yellow dwarf | Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) |
| Brome mosaic | Brome mosaic virus (BMV) |
| Cereal chlorotic mottle | Cereal chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) |
| Corn lethal necrosis (maize lethal necrosis disease) | Virus complex (Maize chlorotic mottle virus [MCMV] and Maize dwarf mosaic virus [MDMV] A or B or Wheat streak mosaic virus [WSMV]) |
| Cucumber mosaic | Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) |
| Johnsongrass mosaic | Johnsongrass mosaic virus (JGMV) |
| Maize bushy stunt | Mycoplasmalike organism (MLO), assoc. |
| Maize chlorotic dwarf | Maize chlorotic dwarf virus (MCDV) |
| Maize chlorotic mottle | Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) |
| Maize dwarf mosaic | Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) strains A, D, E and F |
| Maize leaf fleck | Maize leaf fleck virus (MLFV) |
| Maize line* | Maize line virus (MLV) |
| Maize mosaic (corn leaf stripe, enanismo rayado) | Maize mosaic virus (MMV) |
| Maize pellucid ringspot | Maize pellucid ringspot virus (MPRV) |
| Maize rayado fino (fine striping disease) | Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV) |
| Maize red leaf and red stripe | Mollicute? |
| Maize red stripe (now known as Wheat mosaic virus | Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV) |
| Maize ring mottle | Maize ring mottle virus (MRMV) |
| Maize rough dwarf (nanismo ruvido) | Maize rough dwarf virus (MRDV) |
| Maize sterile stunt | Maize sterile stunt virus (strains of barley yellow striate virus) |
| Maize streak | Maize streak virus (MSV) |
| Maize stripe (maize chlorotic stripe, maize hoja blanca) | |
| Maize tassel abortion | Maize tassel abortion virus (MTAV) |
| Maize vein enation | Maize vein enation virus (MVEV) |
| Maize wallaby ear | Maize wallaby ear virus (MWEV) |
| Maize white leaf | |
| Maize white line mosaic | Maize white line mosaic virus (MWLMV) |
| Millet red leaf | Millet red leaf virus (MRLV) |
| Northern cereal mosaic | Northern cereal mosaic virus (NCMV) |
| Oat pseudorosette (zakuklivanie) | Oat pseudorosette virus |
| Oat sterile dwarf | Oat sterile dwarf virus (OSDV) |
| Rice black-streaked dwarf | Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) |
| Rice stripe | Rice stripe virus (RSV) |
| Sorghum mosaic | Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), formerly sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) strains H, I and M |
| Southern rice black-streaked dwarf | Southern rice black-streaked dwarf (SRBSDV) |
| Sugarcane Fiji disease | Sugarcane Fiji disease virus (FDV) |
| Sugarcane mosaic | Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) strains A, B, D, E, SC, BC, Sabi and MB (formerly MDMV-B) |
| Wheat mosaic | Wheat mosaic virus (disambiguation) (WMoV) |