See main article: Triptychs of Francis Bacon.
The Irish-born British artist Francis Bacon (1909–1992) painted 28 known large triptychs between 1944 and 1985–86.[1] He began working in the format in the mid-1940s with a number of smaller scale works before graduating to large examples in 1962. He followed the larger style for 30 years, although he painted a number of smaller scale triptychs of friend's heads, and after the death of his former lover George Dyer in 1971, the three acclaimed "Black Triptychs".
Bacon was a highly mannered artist and often became preoccupied with forms, themes, images and modes of expression that he would rework for sustained periods, often for six or seven-year periods. When asked about his tendency for sequential or repetitive paintings, he explained how, in his mind, images revealed themselves "in series. And I suppose I could go long beyond the triptych and do five or six together, but I find the triptych is a more balanced unit."[2]
He told critics that his usual practice with triptychs was to begin with the left panel and work across. Typically he completed each frame before beginning the next. As the work as a whole progressed, he would sometimes return to an earlier panel to make revisions, though this practice was generally carried out late in the overall work's completion.
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Three Studies for Figures at the Base of a Crucifixion 1944 Catalogue Raisonné Number 44-01 Oil and pastel on Sundeala board 94 cm × 74 cm (37 in × 29 in) Tate, London Based on the Eumenides—or Furies—of Aeschylus' The Oresteia, donated to the Tate in 1953 by Bacon's lover, Eric Hall. Bacon painted Second Version of Triptych 1944 in 1988. | |
Three Studies for a Crucifixion 1962 Catalogue Raisonné Number 62-04 Oil and sand on canvas 198.1 x 144.8cm (78 x 57 in) Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York City | |
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1964 Catalogue Raisonné Number 64-10 Oil on canvas 198 x 147cm (78 x 58 in) Musée National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris Has been described as Bacon's first "secular triptych". | |
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1965 Catalogue Raisonné Number 65-01 Oil on Canvas 197.2 cm × 147 cm (78 in × 58 in) Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen, Pinakothek der Moderne, Munich | |
Three Studies for a Portrait of Lucian Freud 1966 Catalogue Raisonné Number 66-05 Oil on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 57 in) Private collection The first of three large triptychs depicting Lucian Freud. Freud also appears in Three Studies of Lucian Freud (1969) and (1973). Freud was also the subject of numerous smaller portraits by Bacon. | |
Triptych Inspired by T.S Elliot's Poem "Sweeney Agoniste" 1967 Catalogue Raisonné Number 67-16 Oil and pastel on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78.25 x 57.25 in) Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C. Inspired by the poem Sweeney Agonistes by T. S. Eliot, first triptych to feature figures on a bed. | |
Two Figures Lying on a Bed with Attendants 1968 Catalogue Raisonné Number 68-08 Oil and pastel on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 57 in) Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art, Tehran Purchased in 1972 by Farah Pahlavi, the wife of the last Shah of Iran for the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art. Remained in storage for nearly two decades before display at Tate Britain in 2004.[3] | |
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1969 Catalogue Raisonné Number 69-07 Oil on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 57 in) Private collection, USA The second of three large triptychs depicting Lucian Freud. Freud also appears in Three Studies for a Portrait of Lucian Freud (1966) and (1973). Freud was also the subject of numerous smaller portraits by Bacon. Sold by Christie's in New York on 13 November 2013, at $142m (£89m), it became the most expensive artwork ever auctioned.[4] | |
Triptych – Studies from the Human Body (1970) 1970 Catalogue Raisonné Number 70-04 Oil and Dry Transfer Lettering on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) The Esther Grether Family Collection, Basel | |
Three Studies of the Male Back 1970 Catalogue Raisonné Number 70-06 Oil on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) | |
Triptych – Studies of the Human Body (1970) 1970 Catalogue Raisonné Number 70-09 Oil on canvas 197 x 147.8cm (78 x 58.5 in) Private collection (Possibly owned by Jacques Hachuel, Paris) | |
Triptych 1970 1970 Catalogue Raisonné Number 70-10 Oil on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) National Gallery of Australia, Canberra Purchased 1973, central panel features figures inspired by Eadweard Muybridge's photograph of wrestlers. Left and right panels feature Bacon's lover, George Dyer.[5] | |
In Memory of George Dyer 1971 Catalogue Raisonné Number 71-09 Oil and Dry Transfer Lettering on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Beyeler Foundation, Riehen, near Basel One of the three Black Triptychs (with Triptych–August 1972 and Triptych, May–June 1973) painted by Bacon following the death of his lover, George Dyer. | |
Three Studies of Figures on Beds 1972 Catalogue Raisonné Number 72-01 Oil and Pastel on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) The Esther Grether Family Collection, Basel The figures are inspired by Eadweard Muybridge's photographs of wrestlers | |
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1972 Catalogue Raisonné Number 72-07 Oil and Sand on Canvas 198 x 147.5 cm Tate, London One of the three Black Triptych's (with In Memory of George Dyer and Triptych, May–June 1973), painted by Bacon following the death of his lover, George Dyer. | |
1973 Catalogue Raisonné Number 73-01 Oil on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) The Esther Grether Family Collection, Basel | |
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1973 Catalogue Raisonné Number 73-03 Oil on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) The Esther Grether Family Collection, Basel One of the three "Black triptychs" (with Triptych – August 1972 and In Memory of George Dyer). Painted in memory of Dyer who committed suicide on the eve of Bacon's retrospective at Paris's Grand Palais, on 24 October 1971, the triptych is a portrait of the moments before Dyer's death from an overdose of pills in their hotel room.[6] Triptych, May–June 1973 was purchased at auction in 1989 by Swiss businesswoman Esther Grether for $6.3 million ($ as of), then a record for a Bacon painting.[7] [8] Grether is believed to own three other Bacon triptychs from the 1970s. | |
Triptych March 1974 1974 Catalogue Raisonné Number 74-02 Oil on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Fundación Juan March, Madrid | |
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1976 Catalogue Raisonné Number 76-05 Oil, Pastel and Dry Transfer Lettering on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Private collection of Roman Abramovich Sold in May 2008 for $86.3 million ($ as of), to Russian businessman Roman Abramovich, holds the record for the highest price paid for a post-war work of art at auction. | |
Triptych 1974–1977 1974 (Altered in 1977) Catalogue Raisonné Number 77-05 Oil and Dry Transfer Lettering on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Private collection of Joe Lewis Features Bacon's lover George Dyer "writhing and struggling on a near-deserted beach watched by two disconcerting figures".[9] Sold in February 2008 to currency trader and businessman Joe Lewis for £26.3 million (£ as of), then a record for postwar artwork bought in Europe. | |
Triptych – Studies of the Human Body (1979) 1979 Catalogue Raisonné Number 79-01 Oil on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Private collection Central panel marks final appearance of figures inspired by wrestlers from the photographs of Muybridge. Sold by Stanley J. Seeger for $8.6m in 2001 ($ as of), then a record price for a Bacon painting.[10] | |
Triptych Inspired by the Oresteia of Aeschylus 1981 Catalogue Raisonné Number 81-03 Oil on canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) | |
Triptych 1983 1983 Catalogue Raisonné Number 83-07 Oil, Pastel and Aerosol Paint on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Private collection of Juan Abelló, Madrid.[11] | |
Three Studies for a Portrait of John Edwards 1984 Catalogue Raisonné Number 84-05 Oil and Aerosol Paint on Canvas 198.3 x 148cm (78 x 58 in) Private collection Features Bacon's companion and sole heir, John Edwards. Sold by Pierre Chen at Christie's in 2014 for $80.8 million.[12] [13] | |
Study for a Self-Portrait—Triptych, 1985–86 1985-1986 Catalogue Raisonné Number 86-02 Oil and Aerosol Paint on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Private Collection | |
Triptych 1986-87 1986-1987 Catalogue Raisonné Number 87-01 Oil, Pastel, Aerosol Paint and Dry Transfer Lettering on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Private collection, Switzerland | |
Triptych 1987 1987 Catalogue Raisonné Number 87-05 Oil, Pastel and Aerosol Paint on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Private collection, The Estate of Francis Bacon | |
Second Version of Triptych 1944 1988 Catalogue Raisonné Number 88-05 Oil and Aerosol Paint on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 58 in) Tate, London The second version of Three Studies for Figures at the Base of a Crucifixion (1944). Painted by Bacon after the 1944 triptych was deemed too fragile to travel to New York for an exhibition. | |
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1991 Catalogue Raisonné Number 91-02 Oil and Aerosol Paint on Canvas 198 x 147.5cm (78 x 57 in) Museum of Modern Art, New York City Bacon's last triptych, features formula one driver Ayrton Senna, José Capelo,[14] as well as a self-portrait of Bacon. |