List of land borders with dates of establishment explained

This list of land borders with date of establishment identifies the historical year in which borders were established between countries.

Europe

Albania–Greece

• • 1913/1914 after Greek withdrawal due to international diplomatic pressure.

Albania–Montenegro

• Shkodër - Berane
  • 1913 at the Treaty of London ending the Balkan Wars.
• From Shkodër - Podgorica to Shkodër - Ulcinj
  • 1878 at the Treaty of Berlin, border between Montenegro and the Ottoman Empire.
  • 1913 at the Treaty of London^[1]

Albania–North Macedonia

• • 1913 at the Treaty of London, border between Albania and Serbia.
  • 1991 Independence for the Republic of Macedonia.

Albania–Serbia

• • 1913 at the Treaty of London.

Andorra–France

• • 985 France doesn't help Barcelona versus the Saracens, border between France and Barcelona.
  • 1278 Foix gains co-sovereignty over Andorra next to the bishop of Urgel.^[2]

Andorra–Spain

• • 1278 Foix gains co-sovereignty over Andorra next to the Bishop of Urgel.
  • 1479 Union between Castile and Aragon, the beginning of Spain.

Austria–Czech Republic

• • 12th/13th century, region settled by Germans, border between Austria and Bohemia (Czech Republic).

Austria–Liechtenstein

• • 1719 Creation of Liechtenstein.

Austria–Switzerland

• Stuben - Scuol
  • 1363 Tyrol becomes Austrian, border between Austria and the bishopric of Chur.
  • 1497/1498 Grissons allies with Switzerland.
• Schruns - Davos
  • 1420 Austria acquires Montafon, border between Austria and Toggenburg.
  • 1497/1498 Grissons allies with Switzerland.
• Bregenz - St. Gallen
  • 15th century, Austria becomes the dominant power on the east bank of the Rhine.
  • 1491 Switzerland takes control of the west bank of the Rhine.

Austria–Slovakia

• • 976 Babenberger receive the Eastmark from the Germanic king, border between Austria and Hungary.
  • 1993 Slovakia gains independence from Czechoslovakia.

Austria–Hungary

• • 1919 at the Treaty of Saint-Germain, one of the treaties ending World War I.

Austria–Slovenia

• • 1919 at the Treaty of Saint-Germain, border between Austria and Yugoslavia.
  • 1991 Slovenian independence.

Austria–Germany

• • 1871 establishment of the German Empire, border between Austria-Hungary and Germany.

Austria–Italy

• From Nauders - Mals to Lienz - Bruneck
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Saint-Germain.
• Kötschach - Paluzza
  • 1st millennium, border between Italy and Carinthia.
  • 1335 Carinthia is inherited by the duke of Austria, border between Austria and Aquileia.
  • 1866 Venice conquered by Italy from Austria.
• Villach - Tarvisio
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Saint-Germain.

Azerbaijan–Georgia

• • 1991 Azerbaijani and Georgian independence from the Soviet Union.

Azerbaijan–Russia

• • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Belarus–Latvia

• • 1920 peace between Latvia/Poland and the Soviet Union, border between Latvia and the Soviet Union/Poland.
  • 1991 Belarusian and Latvian independence.

Belarus–Poland

• • 1945 after the annexation of Belarusian-populated eastern Poland by the Soviet Union during World War II, border between Poland and the Soviet Union.
  • 1991 Belarusian independence.

Belarus–Russia

• From Polatsk - Velikiye Luki to Mahilyow - Klincy
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.
• Gomel - Klincy
  • 1667 at the Treaty of Andrusovo ending the Russo-Polish War, border between Russia and Poland–Lithuania.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Belarus–Ukraine

• • 1991 Belarusian and Ukrainian independence.

Belgium–Netherlands

• From Knokke-Heist - Cadzand to Bree - Budel
  • 1648 at the peace of Westphalia between the Netherlands and Spain ending the Thirty Years' War.
  • 1830/1839 after the Belgian Revolution against the (united) Netherlands.
• From Bree - Weert to Plombières - Vaals
  • 1839 at the Treaty of London.

Belgium–France

• From De Panne - Bray-Dunes to Poperinge - Godewaersvelde
  • 1697 at the peace of Rijswijk, between France and Spain.
  • 1830/1839 After the Belgian Revolution.
• From Loker - Bailleul to Comines
  • 1713 at the peace of Utrecht, between France and Austria
  • 1830/1839 After the Belgian Revolution.
• From Menen - Tourcoing to Mons - Maubeuge
  • 1697 at the peace of Rijswijk, between France and Spain.
  • 1830/1839 After the Belgian Revolution.
• From Binche - Maubeuge to Chimay - Fourmies
  • 1678/1679 at the peace of Nijmegen, between France and Spain.
  • 1830/1839 After the Belgian Revolution.
• Couvin - Rocroi
  • 941? Border between France and Germany.
  • 1830/1839 After the Belgian Revolution.
• From Couvin - Revin to Agimont - Givet
  • 1678/1679 at the peace of Nijmegen, between France and the bishopric of Liege.
  • 1830/1839 After the Belgian Revolution.
• From Hastière - Givet to Aubange - Longwy
  • 1697 at the peace of Rijswijk, between France and Germany (Spain and the bishopric of Liege).
  • 1830/1839 After the Belgian Revolution.

Belgium–Luxembourg

• From Aubange - Pétange to Gouvy - Huldange
  • 1839 at the Treaty of London.
• Burg-Reuland - Leithum
  • 1839 at the Treaty of London, between Luxembourg and Prussia.
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Versailles.

Belgium–Germany

• • 1919 at the Treaty of Versailles.

Bosnia and Herzegovina–Croatia

• • 1995 Dayton Agreement ending the Bosnian War.

Bosnia and Herzegovina–Montenegro

• Sarajevo - Pljevlja
  • 1913 at the Treaty of London, border between Montenegro and Austria-Hungary.
  • 1995 Dayton Agreement, border between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Montenegrin independence.
• Sarajevo - Nikšić
  • 1878 at the Treaty of Berlin, border between Montenegro and Austria-Hungary.
  • 1995 Dayton Agreement, border between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Montenegrin independence.
• Trebinje - Herceg Novi
  • 1995 Dayton Agreement, border between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Montenegrin independence.

Bosnia and Herzegovina–Serbia

• Zvornik - Loznica
  • 13th century, after Serbian conquest, border between Serbia and Bosnia.
  • 1995 Dayton Agreement, border between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Serbian self-determination.
• Sarajevo - Priboj
  • 1913 at the Treaty of London, border between Serbia and Austria-Hungary.
  • 1995 Dayton Agreement, border between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Serbian self-determination.

Bulgaria–Greece

• Petrich - Sidirokastro
  • 1913 at the Treaty of London.
• From Smolyan - Xanthi to Svilengrad - Orestiada
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Neuilly.

Bulgaria–North Macedonia

• Petric - Strumica
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Neuilly, border between Bulgaria and Yugoslavia.
  • 1991 Independence for the Republic of Macedonia.
• Blagoevgrad - Kočani
  • 1913 at the Treaty of Bucharest, border between Bulgaria and Serbia.
  • 1991 Independence for the Republic of Macedonia.
• Kyustendil - Skopje
  • 1878 Bulgarian independence, border between Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire.
  • 1991 Independence for the Republic of Macedonia.

Bulgaria–Romania

• Varna - Constanța
  • 1878 after the defeat of the Ottoman Empire.
• From Silistra - Fetești to Vidin - Calafat
  • 1185 After Bulgarian uprise against the Byzantine Empire, border between Bulgaria and the Cumans.
  • 1859 formation of Romania, border between Romania and the Ottoman Empire.
  • 1878 Bulgarian independence.

Bulgaria–Serbia

• Sofia - Pirot
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Neuilly, border between Bulgaria and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Serbian self-determination.
• Vidin - Zaječar
  • 1878 Bulgarian and Serbian independence.

Bulgaria–Turkey

• Burgas - Kırklareli
  • 1913 at the Treaty of London, border between Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
• Elhovo - Edirne
  • 1885 after the East Rumelian revolution, border between Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
• Svilengrad - Edirne
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Neuilly, border between Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).

Croatia–Hungary

• Osijek - Pécs
  • 1920 at the Treaty of Trianon, border between Hungary and Yugoslavia.
  • 1991 Croatian independence.
• From Našice - Pécs to Varaždin - Nagykanizsa
  • 10th century.

Croatia–Montenegro

• • 1991 Croatian independence, border between Croatia and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Montenegrin independence.

Croatia–Serbia

• Osijek - Apatin
  • 1995 Dayton agreement, border between Croatia and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Serbian self-determination.
• Vukovar - Bačka Palanka
  • 925 Croatia conquers Slavonia, border between Croatia and Hungary.
  • 2006 Serbian self-determination.
• Vukovar - Sremska Mitrovica
  • 1995 Dayton agreement, border between Croatia and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Serbian self-determination.

Croatia–Slovenia

• Čakovec - Murska Sobota
  • 1991 Croatian and Slovenian independence.
• From Varaždin - Ptuj to Rijeka - Postojna
  • 10th century, border between Croatia and Germany.
  • 1991 Croatian and Slovenian independence.
• Pazin - Koper
  • 1991 Croatian and Slovenian independence.

Czech Republic–Germany

• From Volary - Neureichenau to Mariánské Lázně - Mähring
  • 843 Treaty of Verdun dividing the Carolingian Empire, border between Germany and the Bohemians (Czechs).
• Cheb - Marktredwitz
  • 1266 Egerland (Cheb) becomes Bohemian (dispute whether Bohemia was German at that time).
• From Kraslice - Klingenthal to Hrádek nad Nisou - Zittau
  • 9th century, Bohemia established, border between Bohemia (Czechs) and the Sorbs.
  • 10th century, Germans conquer Sorb territories.

Czech Republic–Poland

• From Liberec - Gorlice to Trutnov - Wałbrzych
  • 9th century, border between Bohemia (Czech Republic) and Great Moravia.
  • 10th century, border between Bohemia (Czech Republic) and Poland.
  • 1945 Stalin gives German Silesia to Poland, border between Poland and Czechoslovakia.
  • 1993 Czechoslovakia dissolved.
• Náchod - Kłodzko to Ostrava - Racibórz
  • 1945 Stalin gives German Silesia to Poland, border between Poland and Czechoslovakia.
  • 1993 Czechoslovakia dissolved.
• Český Těšín - Cieszyn
  • 1919 border between Czechoslovakia and Poland.
  • 1993 Czechoslovakia dissolved.

Czech Republic–Slovakia

• From Břeclav - Senica to Frýdek-Místek - Žilina
  • 10th century, Bohemia acquires Moravia, border between Bohemia (Czech Republic) and Hungary.
  • 1993 Czechoslovakia splits in two.
• Český Těšín - Čadca
  • 1298 Bohemia acquires Upper Silesia, border between Bohemia (Czech Republic) and Hungary.
  • 1993 Czechoslovakia splits in two.

Denmark–Germany

• • 1920 after referendum.

Denmark–Sweden

• • 1658 as a maritime border, Treaty of Roskilde
  • 2000 as an artificial land border, opening of the Copenhagen - Malmö bridge and tunnel

Estonia–Latvia

• • 1918 Latvian and Estonian independence from Russia.

Estonia–Russia

• Narva - Ivangorod
  • 1478 Russian conquest of Novgorod, border between Russia and the German Order.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.
• Võru - Pskov
  • 1510 Russian conquest of Pskov, border between Russia and the German Order.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Finland–Norway

• • 1751 Treaty of Strömstad, fairly undefined and disputed before that

Finland–Russia

• Nellim - Nikel
  • 1946 at the Treaty of Paris, border between Finland and the Soviet Union.
• Kuusamo - Topozero
  • 1917 Finnish independence.
• Kotka - Vyborg
  • 1946 at the Treaty of Paris, border between Finland and the Soviet Union.

Finland–Sweden

• • 17 September 1809 - Treaty of Fredrikshamn ending the Finnish War, border between the Grand Duchy of Finland and Sweden.^[3]

France–Switzerland

• Saint-Louis - Basel
  • 1501 Basel becomes a member of the Swiss Confederation, border between the Habsburg territories and Switzerland.
  • 1648 at the Treaty of Westphalia.
    • Wentzwiller - Oberwil 1648 at the Treaty of Westphalia, border between France and the bishopric of Basel.
  • 1815 at the Congress of Vienna ending the Napoleonic Wars.
• Leymen - Hofstetten-Flüh
  • 1515 Swiss Solothurn buys Rotberg from the Rotberg family, border between the Habsburg territories and Switzerland.
  • 1648 at the Treaty of Westphalia.
• Lutter - Cholholx
  • 1648 at the Treaty of Westphalia, border between France and the bishopric of Basel.
  • 1815 at the congress of Vienna.
• Lutter - Kleinlützel
  • 1527 Swiss Solothurn buys Kleinlützel from the monastery of Kleinlützel, border between the Habsburg territories and Switzerland.
  • 1648 at the Treaty of Westphalia.
• From Blochmont - Ederswiler to Delle - Buix
  • 1648 at the Treaty of Westphalia, border between France and the bishopric of Basel.
  • 1815 at the congress of Vienna.
• Montbéliard - Porrentruy
  • 1815 at the congress of Vienna.
• From Vaufrey - Porrentruy to Pontarlier - Fleurier
  • 1678/1679 at the Treaty of Nijmegen ending the Franco-Dutch War, border between France and Germany (bishopric of Basel and Neuchâtel).
  • 1815 at the congress of Vienna.
• From Les Fourgs - Sainte-Croix to Les Rousses - Saint-Cergue
  • 1536 border between Switzerland and Burgundy.
  • 1678/1679 at the Treaty of Nijmegen.
• From Gex - Saint-Cergue to Gex - Geneva
  • 1536 after Swiss expansion, border between Switzerland and Savoy.
  • 1601 after French expansion.
  • 1932 borders finally settled.
• Annemasse - Geneva
  • 1536 Geneva member of the Swiss Confederation, border between Switzerland and Savoy.
  • 1860 Savoy ceded to France by Sardinia-Piemonte.
• Douvain - Geneva
  • 1569 Chablais returns to Savoy, border between Switzerland and Savoy.
  • 1860 Savoy ceded to France by Sardinia-Piemonte.
• From Thonon-les-Bains - Monthey to Chamonix-Mont-Blanc - Martigny
  • 15th/16th century, after Swiss expansion, border between Switzerland and Savoy.
  • 1860 Savoy ceded to France by Sardinia-Piemonte.

France–Italy

• Chamonix-Mont-Blanc - Courmayeur
  • 1860 Savoy ceded to France by Sardinia-Piemonte.
• Bourg-Saint-Maurice - Susa
  • 1st millennium, Border between Italy and Burgundy.
  • 1860 Savoy ceded to France by Sardinia-Piemonte.
• Briançon - Cesana Torinese
  • 1st millennium, Border between Italy and Burgundy.
  • 1349 France buys Dauphiné from the heir, border between France and Germany (Savoy and Saluzzo).
  • 1860 after Italian unification.
• Barcelonette - Demonte
  • 1st millennium, Border between Italy and Burgundy.
  • 1481, Provence inherited by the king of France, border between France and Germany (Savoy and Saluzzo).
  • 1860 after Italian unification.
• From Isola - Vinadio to Sospel - Camporosso
  • 1860 Italian unification and Nice ceded to France.
• Menton - Ventimiglia
  • 1860 Italian unification, border between Italy and Mentone.
  • 1861 Mentone annexed by France.

France–Monaco

• • 1848/1861 Revolt in Monaco's hinterland, France annexes rebel territory.

France–Spain

• From Banyuls-sur-Mer - Llanca to Bourg-Madame - Puigcerdà
  • 1659 at the Treaty of the Pyrenees ending the Franco-Spanish War.
• Saint-Girons - Rialp
  • 985 France doesn't help its province Barcelona against the Saracens, border between France and Barcelona.
  • 1479 Aragon and Castile are unified and become known as Spain.
• From Bagnères-de-Luchon - Vielha to Cauterets - Sallent de Gállego
  • 843 at the Treaty of Verdun, border between France and Aragon.
  • 1479 Aragon and Castile are unified and become known as Spain.
• Urdos - Canfranc
  • 843 at the Treaty of Verdun, border between France and Aragon. (French possession of Béarn was disputed until 1620).
  • 1479 Aragon and Castile are unified and become known as Spain.
• Arette - Isaba
  • 843 at the Treaty of Verdun, Border between France and Pamplona.
  • 1512 Castile (Spain) annexes southern Navarra.
• Saint-Étienne-de-Baïgorry - Baztan
  • 1512 Castile (Spain) annexes southern Navarra, border between Castile (Spain) and Lower Navarre.
  • 1620 France annexes Lower Navarre.
• Cambo-les-Bains - Baztan
  • 843 at the Treaty of Verdun, Border between France and Pamplona.
  • 1512 Castile (Spain) annexes southern Navarra.
• Hendaye - Irun
  • 843 at the Treaty of Verdun, Border between France and Pamplona.
  • 1479 Aragon and Castile are unified and become known as Spain.

France–Germany

• • 17th century
  • 1871, German unification, Prussia annexes Alsace-Lorraine in the Franco-Prussian War.
  • 1919, the Treaty of Versailles returns Alsace-Lorraine to France.

France–Luxembourg

• Esch-sur-Alzette - Villerupt
  • Middle Ages, between Luxembourg and Bar.
  • 1659 at the Treaty of the Pyrenees, between France and Spain.
  • 1839 at the Treaty of London.
• Dudelange - Thionville
  • 1659 at the Treaty of the Pyrenees, between France and Spain.
  • 1839 at the Treaty of London.
• Schengen - Sierck-les-Bains
  • Middle Ages, between Luxembourg and Lorraine.
  • 1661 at the Treaty of Vincennes, between France and Spain.
  • 1839 at the Treaty of London.

France–UK

• Calais - Dover

Georgia–Russia

• From Tbilisi - Makhachkala to Kutaisi - Vladikavkaz
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.
• Kutaisi - Nalchik
  • 1001, Georgia acquires Abkhazia, border between Georgia and Alania.
  • 1557 Russia conquers Kabardino-Balkaria, border between Russia and the Ottoman Empire.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.
• Sukhumi - Cherkessk
  • 1001, Georgia acquires Abkhazia, border between Georgia and Alania.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.
• Sukhumi - Sochi
  • 15th century, border between Georgia and the Ubykhs.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Germany–Luxembourg

• • 1815 at the Treaty of Vienna, between the (united) Netherlands and Prussia (German Confederation).
  • 1839 at the Treaty of London, between Luxembourg and Prussia (German Confederation).

Germany–Netherlands

• From Aachen - Vaals to Kleve - Gennep
  • 1815 at the Congress of Vienna, between the (united) Netherlands and Prussia (German Confederation).
• From Kranenburg - Groesbeek to Bunde - Nieuweschans
  • 1648 at the peace of Westphalia, between the Netherlands and the Holy Roman Empire of the German nation.

Germany–Poland

• • 1945 Stalin gives Eastern Germany to Poland, border between Soviet occupied Germany and Poland set at the Oder–Neisse line.

Germany–Switzerland

• Lörrach - Basel
  • 1648 at the Treaty of Westphalia.
• From Rheinfelden to Laufenburg
  • 1806 at the German Mediatisation (Reichsdeputationshauptschluss), between the Confederation of the Rhine (Germany) and the Republic of Helvetia (Switzerland).
• From Waldshut-Tiengen - Döttingen to the Bodensee
  • 1648 at the Treaty of Westphalia.

Greece–North Macedonia

• • 1913 at the Treaty of London, border between Greece and Serbia.

Greece–Turkey

• • 1913 at the Treaty of London, border between Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).
  • 1923 at the Treaty of Lausanne ending the Greco-Turkish War.

Hungary–Romania

• • 1920 at the Treaty of Trianon.

Hungary–Slovakia

• • 1920 at the Treaty of Trianon, border between Hungary and Czechoslovakia.

Hungary–Serbia

• • 1920 at the Treaty of Trianon, border between Hungary and Yugoslavia.

Hungary–Slovenia

• • 1920 at the Treaty of Trianon, border between Hungary and Yugoslavia.
  • 1991 Slovenian independence.

Hungary–Ukraine

• • 1920 at the Treaty of Trianon, border between Hungary and Czechoslovakia.

Ireland–UK

• • 1921 Independence of Ireland.

Italy–San Marino

• • 1st millennium/1631, border between San Marino and Papal States.
  • 1860 Italian nationalists conquer the eastern Papal States.

Italy–Slovenia

• Tarvisio - Kranjska Gora
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Saint-Germain, border between Italy and Yugoslavia.
  • 1991 Slovenian declaration of independence.
• From Cave del Predil - Strmec na Predelu to Gorizia - Nova Gorica
  • 1947 at the Treaty of Paris, border between Italy and Yugoslavia.
• Trieste - Postojna
  • 1954 Free state Trieste dissolved, border between Italy and Yugoslavia.

Italy–Switzerland

• Aosta - Martigny
  • 1477 Swiss ally Valais conquers Martigny, border between Switzerland and Savoy.
  • 1860 Italian unification.
• Valtournenche - Zermatt
  • 1416 Valais allies with Switzerland, border between Switzerland and Savoy.
  • 1860 Italian unification.
• Domodossola - Brig
  • 1st millennium, border between Italy and Burgundy.
  • 1416 Valais allies with Switzerland, border between Switzerland and Milan.
  • 1860 Italian unification.
• From Domodossola - Locarno to Porlezza - Lugano
  • 1512 after Swiss conquest of Milan, border between Switzerland and Milan.
  • 1860 Italian unification.
• From Madesimo - Splügen to Livigno - Zernez
  • 1st millennium, border between Italy and the Frankish Empire.
  • 1497/1498 Grissons allies with Switzerland, border between Switzerland and Milan.
  • 1860 Italian unification.
• Taufers im Münstertal - Müstair
  • 1497/1498 Grissons allies with Switzerland, border between Switzerland and the Habsburg territories.
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Saint-Germain.

Italy–Vatican City

• • 1929 Lateran Treaty

Latvia–Lithuania

• • 1236 Lithuanian state established, border between Lithuania and other Balts.
  • 1918 Lithuanian and Latvian independence.

Lithuania–Belarus

• • 1991 Belarusian and Lithuanian independence.

Lithuania–Poland

• • 1919 at the Treaty of Versailles.

Lithuania–Russia

• Kybartai - Gusev
  • 13th century, border between Lithuania and the Baltic Prussians.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.
• Tauragė - Sovetsk
  • 1923 after Lithuanian annexation, border between Lithuania and Germany.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Latvia–Russia

• Rēzekne - Pskov
  • 1510, Russian conquest of Pskov, border between Russia and the German Order.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.
• Rēzekne - Sebez
  • 1920 peace between Latvia and the Soviet Union.
  • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Liechtenstein–Switzerland

• Vaduz - Igis
  • 1497/1498 Grissons allies with Switzerland, border between Switzerland and Brandis.
  • 1719 Creation of Liechtenstein.
• Vaduz - Mels
  • 1436 Inhabitants of Sargans become citizens of Swiss Zürich, border between Switzerland and Brandis.
  • 1719 Creation of Liechtenstein.
• Vaduz - Buchs
  • 1485 Swiss Luzern buys Werdenberg, border between Switzerland and Brandis.
  • 1719 Creation of Liechtenstein.
• Bendern - Salez
  • 1458 Lords of Sax-Forstegg ally with Switzerland, border between Switzerland and Brandis.
  • 1719 Creation of Liechtenstein.

Moldova–Romania

• Bălți - Iași
  • 1859 formation of Romania, border between Romania and Russia.
  • 1991 Moldovan independence.
• Cahul - Brăila
  • 1878 after Russian annexation of Southern Bessarabia, border between Romania and Russia.
  • 1991 Moldovan independence.

Moldova–Ukraine

• • 1991 Moldovan and Ukrainian independence.

Montenegro–Serbia

• • 1913 at the Treaty of London.

North Macedonia–Serbia

• • 1991 Independence for the Republic of Macedonia, border between the Republic of Macedonia and Yugoslavia.

Norway–Russia

• • 1826 borders fixed between Russia and Norway (Sweden acted on behalf of Norway in international affairs during the union).

Norway–Sweden

• Against Bohuslän (from The Iddefjord to near a line between Halden - Ed)
  • 1658 at the Treaty of Roskilde ending the Second Northern War, border between Sweden and Denmark-Norway.
• From Halden - Ed to around Trysil - Särna
  • probably 10th and 11th centuries
• From Trysil - Särna to around Gäddede
  • 1645 at the Treaty of Brömsebro ending the Torstenson War, new border between Sweden and Denmark-Norway. Disputed near Gäddede.
• North of Gäddede
  • 16th century, the drainage divide line between the Atlantic and the Baltic was used as approximate border between Sweden-Finland and Denmark-Norway.
• Precisely defined by Stromstad Treaty of 1751, after which border cairns were erected.
• 1809, the part now belonging to Finland was ceded from Sweden to Russia and therefore was no longer part of the Norway–Sweden border.

Poland–Slovakia

• • 10th/11th century, border between Poland and Hungary.

Poland–Russia

• • 1945 Stalin divides German East Prussia, border between Poland and the Soviet Union.

Poland–Ukraine

• From Chełm - Kovel to Przemyśl - Sambir
  • 1945 after the annexation of East Poland by Stalin, border between Poland and the Soviet Union.
  • 1991 Ukrainian independence.
• Kremenaros-Krzemieniec - Uzhok Pass
  • 11th century, border between Poland and Hungary.
  • 1991 Ukrainian independence.

Portugal–Spain

• From Faro - Huelva to Portalegre - Cáceres
  • 12th/13th century, conquered by Portugal, border between Portugal and León/Castile.
  • 1479 Union between Castile and Aragon, the beginning of Spain.
• From Guarda - Salamanca to Braga - Vigo
  • 1139 Portugal becomes independent from León-Castile, border between Portugal and León-Castile.
  • 1479 Union between Castile and Aragon, the beginning of Spain.
  • 1864 Treaty of Lisbon sets border.

Romania–Ukraine

• Sighetu Marmației - Khust
  • 1919 at the Treaty of Versailles, border between Romania and Czechoslovakia/Polish or Ukrainian East Galicia.
  • 1991 Ukrainian independence.
• Suceava - Chernivtsi
  • 1940/1944 border between Romania and the Soviet Union.
  • 1991 Ukrainian independence.
• Brăila - Izmail
  • 1878 Romanian annexation of Dobruja, border between Romania and Russia.
  • 1991 Ukrainian independence.

Romania–Serbia

• Drobeta-Turnu Severin - Negotin
  • 1284 after Serbian conquest, border between Serbia and Hungary.
  • 1859 formation of Romania, border between Romania and Ottoman Empire.
  • 1878 Serbian independence.
• Anina - Bor
  • 1284 after Serbian conquest, border between Serbia and Hungary.
  • 1920 at the Treaty of Trianon, border between Romania and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Serbian self-determination.
• Timișoara - Belgrade
  • 1920 at the Treaty of Trianon, border between Romania and Yugoslavia.
  • 2006 Serbian self-determination.

Russia–Ukraine

• • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Slovakia–Ukraine

• • 1991 Ukrainian independence, border between Ukraine and Czechoslovakia.
  • 1993 Slovakian independence.

Spain–UK

• La Línea de la Concepción - Gibraltar
  • 1713 at the Treaty of Utrecht ending the War of the Spanish Succession, border between Spain and Great Britain (United Kingdom).

Asia

Afghanistan–China

• • 18th century

Afghanistan–Iran

• • 1857 Great Britain establishes the border between Persia (Iran) and Afghanistan after the Iranian defeat during the Anglo-Persian War

Afghanistan–Pakistan

• • 1919 Afghanistan becomes independent from the British Empire, border between Afghanistan and the British Empire
  • 1947 Pakistan becomes independent from the United Kingdom

Afghanistan–Tajikistan

• • 1885 After Russian conquest of Panjdeh, border between Afghanistan and Russia
  • 1991 Tajikistani independence

Afghanistan–Turkmenistan

• • 1885 After Russian conquest, border between Afghanistan and Russia
  • 1991 Turkmenistani independence

Afghanistan–Uzbekistan

• • 1885 After Russian conquest, border between Afghanistan and Russia
  • 1991 Uzbekistani independence

Armenia–Azerbaijan

• • 1991 Armenian and Azerbaijani independence.

Armenia–Georgia

• • 1991 Armenian and Georgian independence.

Armenia–Turkey

• • 1921 at the Treaty of Kars, border between Turkey and the Soviet Union.
  • 1991 Armenian independence.

Azerbaijan–Iran

• Lankaran - Ardabil
  • 1828 at the Treaty of Turkmenchay, border between Russia and Persia (Iran).
  • 1991 Azerbaijani independence.
• Stepanakert - Tabriz
  • 1813 at the Treaty of Gulistan ending the Russo-Persian War, border between Russia and Persia (Iran).
  • 1991 Azerbaijani independence.
• Nakhchivan - Tabriz
  • 1828 at the Treaty of Turkmenchay, border between Russia and Persia (Iran).
  • 1991 Azerbaijani independence.

Azerbaijan–Turkey

• • 1921 at the Treaty of Kars, border between Turkey and the Soviet Union.
  • 1991 Azerbaijani independence.

Bangladesh–Burma

• Chittagong - Mandalay
  • 1558 Burma conquers Manipur, border between Burma and Arakan
  • 1971 Bangladesh becomes independent from Pakistan
• Chittagong - Sittwe
  • 1784 Burma conquers Arakan, border between Burma and Great Britain
  • 1971 Bangladesh becomes independent from Pakistan

Bangladesh–India

• • 1947 Indian independence from the United Kingdom, border between India and Pakistan
  • 1971 Bangladesh becomes independent from Pakistan after the Bangladesh Liberation War.

Bhutan–India

• • 1616 Bhutan becomes independent from Tibet, border between Bhutan and the Kamata Kingdom
  • 1947 Indian independence

Bhutan–China

• • 1616 Bhutan becomes independent from Tibet, border between Bhutan and Tibet
  • 1724 China conquers Tibet from the Dzungars

Brunei–Malaysia

• • 1963 Establishment of Malaysia, border between the British protectorate of Brunei and Malaysia
  • 1984 End of the British protectorate

Burma–India

• • 1826 Treaty of Yandabo, Border between Burma and the United Kingdom
  • 1947 Indian independence, border between India and the United Kingdom
  • 1948 Burmese independence

Burma–China

• Myitkyina - Dsayul
  • 11th century, Pagan establishes Burma, border between Burma and the Tibetans
  • 1724 China conquers Tibet from the Dzungars
• Myitkyina - Baoshan
  • 109 BC, China conquers the Dian kingdom, border between China and the Mon people
  • 11th century, Pagan establishes Burma, border between Burma and Dali
  • 1555 Burma conquers Upper Burma
  • 1769 Last Chinese invasion
• From Lashio - Baoshan to Kengtung - Simao
  • 109 BC, China conquers the Dian Kingdom, border between China and the Mon people
  • 1557 Burma conquers the Shan States
  • 1769 Last Chinese invasion

Burma–Thailand

• Kengtung - Chang Mai
  • 1557 Pagan (Burma) conquers the Shan states, border between Burma and Chiang Mai
  • 1774 Thailand conquers Chiang Mai from Burma
• Rangoon - Chang Mai
  • 1530s or 1540s, Burma is established out of several small states, border between Burma and Chiang Mai
  • 1774 Thailand conquers Chiang Mai from Burma
• Tavoy - Bangkok
  • 1057 Thaton is conquered by Pagan (Burma), border between Pagan (Burma) and the Khmer Empire
  • 16th-18th century, Burma conquers the Mon kingdoms

Cambodia–Laos

• • 1353 Lan Xang (Laos) becomes independent from the Khmer Empire (Cambodia)

Cambodia–Thailand

• Phnom Penh - Udon Thani
  • 1353 Lan Xang (Laos) becomes independent from the Khmer Empire (Cambodia), Border between the Khmer Empire and Lan Xang
  • 15th or 16th century, Ayutthaya Kingdom (Thailand) conquers western Lan Xang
• Phnom Penh - Bangkok
  • 14th/15th century, Ayutthaya Kingdom (Thailand) conquers the western part of the Khmer Empire (Cambodia)

Cambodia–Vietnam

• • 1953 Cambodia becomes independent from France, border between Cambodia and France
  • 1975 North Vietnam and South Vietnam are re-unified

China–Laos

• • 109 BC, China conquers the Dian Kingdom, border between China and the Mon people
  • 1353 Establishment of the kingdom of Lan Xang, border between Lan Xang (Laos) and the Mongolian Empire
  • 1381 Ming China conquers Yunnan from Yuan (Mongolian) loyalists

China–Pakistan

• • 1963 Trans-Karakoram Treaty

China–India

• Shahidulla Mazar - Leh
  • 1984 After Indian offensive against Pakistan on Siachen Glacier at 5,000 meters above sea level, disputed
• Gartog - Leh
  • 1962 Disputed, cease fire
• Gartog - Shimla
  • 1724 China conquers Tibet from the Dzungars, border between China and the Mughal Empire
  • 1947 Indian independence, border between India and Tibet
  • 1951 Tibet cedes de facto sovereignty to the People's Republic of China
• Khampa Dsong - Gangtok
  • 1724 China conquers Tibet from the Dzungars, border between China and Sikkim
  • 1947 Indian independence, border between India and Tibet
  • 1951 Conquest of Tibet by China
• Lhasa - Tinsukia
  • 1947 Indian independence, border between India and Tibet
  • 1951 Conquest of Tibet by China

China–Kazakhstan

• • 1881 at the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, border between China and Russia.
  • 1991 Kazakhstani independence.

China–Kyrgyzstan

• • 1881 At the Treaty of Saint Petersburg, border between China and Russia
  • 1991 Kyrgyzstani independence

China–Mongolia

• • 1911 Mongolian independence.

China–Nepal

• • 1724 China conquers Tibet from the Dzungars, border between China and the Nepalese kingdoms
  • 1768 The king of Gorkha unites all Nepalese kingdoms into one

China–North Korea

• • 1895/1910 after Japanese conquest, border between China and Japan.
  • 1945/1948 North Korean independence.

China–Tajikistan

• • 1757 China conquers Sinkiang, border between Bukhara and China
  • 1991 Tajikistani independence

China–Russia

• From Mudanjiang - Vladivostok to Mohe - Never
  • 1858 at the Treaty of Aigun.
• Manzouli - Krasnokamensk
  • 1689 at the Treaty of Nerchinsk.
• Altay - Gorno-Altaysk
  • 1755, China acquires the Ili-basin, border between China and the Altays.
  • 1758, Russia acquires part of the Altay territory.

China–Vietnam

• Malipo - Hanoi
  • 1st millennium BC?, border between Văn Lang (Vietnam) and the Dian Kingdom
  • 938, Vietnam becomes independent from China
• Nanning - Hanoi
  • 1st millennium BC?, border of Văn Lang (Vietnam)
  • 214 BC, China conquers Guangxi

East Timor–Indonesia

• • 1949 Indonesia becomes independent from the Netherlands, border between Indonesia and Portugal
  • 2002 East Timor becomes independent from Indonesia

Egypt–Israel

• • 1841 The United Kingdom forces Egypt to retreat from the Levant, border between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire
  • 1948 Israeli independence

Egypt–Palestine (Gaza)

• • 1841 The United Kingdom forces Egypt to retreat from the Levant, border between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire
  • 1988 Palestine declaration, Egyptian withdrawal from Gaza
  • 1977 Egyptian recognition of Israel

Georgia–Turkey

• • 1921 at the Treaty of Kars, border between Turkey and the Soviet Union.
  • 1991 Georgian independence.

India–Nepal

• Siliguri - Kathmandu
  • 1923 The British Empire recognizes the independence of Nepal, border between Nepal and the British Empire
  • 1947 Indian independence from the United Kingdom
• Patna - Kathmandu
  • 1768 The king of Gorkha unites all Nepalese kingdoms into one, border between Nepal and Great Britain
  • 1947 Indian independence from the United Kingdom
• Gorakhpur - Kathmandu
  • 1768 The king of Gorkha unites all Nepalese kingdoms into one, border between Nepal and the Mughal Empire
  • 1947 Indian independence from the United Kingdom
• Delhi - Kathmandu
  • 1923 The British Empire recognizes the independence of Nepal, border between Nepal and the British Empire
  • 1947 Indian independence from the United Kingdom

India–Pakistan

• Siachen Glacier
  • 1984 After Indian offensive on a glacier at 5,000 meters above sea level
• From Srinagar - Skardu to Ahmedabad - Karachi
  • 1947 Partition of India into two Dominions India and Pakistan following the Indian independence act and cease fire line of the war between India and Pakistan on Kashmir.

Indonesia–Malaysia

• • 1949 Indonesia becomes independent from the Netherlands, border between Indonesia and the United Kingdom
  • 1963 Establishment of Malaysia

Iran–Iraq

• • 16th century, border between Persia (Iran) and the Ottoman Empire
  • 1932 Iraqi independence

Iran–Pakistan

• • 1872 Border agreement between Persia (Iran) and the British Empire
  • 1947 Pakistan becomes independent from the United Kingdom

Iran–Turkey

• • 16th century, border between Persia (Iran) and the Ottoman Empire (Turkey).

Iran–Turkmenistan

• • 1885 After Russian conquest of Merv, border between Iran and Russia
  • 1991 Turkmenistani independence

Iraq–Jordan

• • 1932 Iraqi independence, border between Iraq and the British League of Nations mandate of Palestine
  • 1946 Jordanian independence

Iraq–Kuwait

• • 1932 Iraqi independence, border between Iraq and the British protectorate of Kuwait
  • 1961 Kuwaiti independence

Iraq–Saudi Arabia

• Baghdad - Al-Jawf
  • 1926 Unification of Nejd and Hijaz, border between Saudi Arabia and the British League of Nations mandate of Iraq
  • 1932 Iraqi independence
• Nasiriyah - Ar Riyad
  • 1975/1991 The Saudi-Iraqi neutral zone is split in two parts

Iraq–Syria

• • 1932 Iraqi independence, border between Iraq and the French League of Nations mandate of Syria
  • 1944 Syrian independence

Iraq–Turkey

• • 1923 at the Treaty of Lausanne, border between Turkey and the British League of Nations mandate of Iraq.
  • 1932 Iraqi independence.

Israel–Syria

• • 1944 Syrian independence, border between Syria and the British League of Nations mandate of Palestine
  • 1948 Israeli independence

Israel-Palestine (West Bank, East Jerusalem)

• • 1988 Palestine Declaration of Independence
  • 1993 Oslo Accords between Israel and Palestine (PLO)
  • 1948 Israel independence

Israel–Jordan

• Hefa - Irbid
  • 1047 BC, border between Israel and Aram Damascus
  • 1946 Jordanian independence, border between Jordan and the British United Nations mandate of Palestine
  • 1948 Israeli independence
• From Beersheba - Ma'an to Eilat - Al-'Aqabah
  • 1946 Jordanian independence, border between Jordan and the British United Nations mandate of Palestine
  • 1948 Israeli independence

Jordan–Syria

• • 1944 Syrian independence, border between Syria and the British League of Nations mandate of Palestine
  • 1946 Jordanian independence

Jordan–Saudi Arabia

• • 1926 Unification of Nejd and Hijaz, border between Saudi Arabia and the British League of Nations mandate of Palestine
  • 1946 Independence of Jordan

Jordan-Palestine (West bank)

• • 1988 Jordanian withdrawal from West Bank, Palestinian independence declaration
  • 1946 Jordanian independence
  • 1994 Jordanian recognition of Israel

Kazakhstan–Kyrgyzstan

• • 1991 Kazakhstani and Kyrgyzstani independence.

Kazakhstan–Russia

• • 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Kazakhstan–Turkmenistan

• • 1991 Kazakhstani and Turkmenistani independence.

Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan

• • 1991 Kazakhstani and Uzbekistani independence.

Kuwait–Saudi Arabia

• Al-Kuwayt - Al-Hafar al-Batin
  • 1926 Unification of Nejd and Hijaz, border between Saudi Arabia and the British protectorate of Kuwait
  • 1961 Kuwaiti independence
• Al-Kuwayt - Dammam
  • 1970 The Saudi-Kuwaiti neutral zone is split in two parts

Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan

• • 1991 Kyrgyzstani and Tajikistani independence

Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan

• • 1991 Kyrgyzstani and Uzbekistani independence

Laos–Burma

• • 1353 Establishment of Lan Xang (Laos), border between Lan Xang and the Shan states
  • 1557 Burma conquers the Shan States

Laos–Thailand

• Luang Prabang - Chiang Mai
  • 1353 Establishment of Lan Xang (Laos), border between Lan Xang (Laos) and Lanna
  • 1774 Lanna is conquered by Thailand, border between Thailand and Luang Prabang
  • 1954 Laos becomes independent from France
• Vientiane - Nakhon Ratchasima
  • 1893 France conquers Vientiane from Thailand, border between Thailand and France
  • 1954 Laos becomes independent from France

Laos–Vietnam

• Phong Saly - Lai Châu
  • 1st millennium BC, border between Văn Lang (Vietnam) and the Mon people
  • 1353 Establishment of Lan Xang (Laos)
• Luang Prabang - Hanoi
  • 938 Vietnamese independence from China, border between Vietnam and the Tai
  • 1353 Establishment of Lan Xang (Laos)
• Vientiane - Xa-doai
  • 938 Vietnamese independence from China, border between Vietnam and the Khmer Empire
  • 1353 Establishment of Lan Xang (Laos)
• Chamrap - Ða Nang
  • 1353 Establishment of Lan Xang (Laos), border between Lan Xang and Champa
  • 1475 Vietnam conquers northern Champa

Lebanon–Syria

• • 1941/1943 Lebanese independence, border between Lebanon and the French League of Nations mandate of Syria
  • 1944 Syrian independence

Lebanon–Israel

• • 1941/1943 Lebanese independence, border between Lebanon and the British League of Nations mandate of Palestine
  • 1948 Israeli independence

Malaysia–Singapore

• • 1965 Singapore becomes independent from Malaysia (land connection via causeways)

Malaysia–Thailand

• • 1909 Treaty of Bangkok, border between Thailand and the British Empire
  • 1963 Establishment of Malaysia

Mongolia–Russia

• From Choibalsan - Krasnokamensk to Mörön - Tulun
  • 1727 at the Treaty of Kyakhta, border between Russia and China.
  • 1911 Mongolian independence.
• From Mörön - Kyzyl to Ulaangom - Kyzyl
  • 1912/1944 Russia annexes Tuva.
• Ölgij - Gorno-Altaysk
  • 1758, Russia acquires part of the Altay territory, border between China and Russia.
  • 1911 Mongolian independence.

North Korea–South Korea

• • 1953 after ceasefire.

North Korea–Russia

• • 1858 at the Treaty of Aigun, border between Russia and China.
  • 1948 Creation of North Korea, border between North Korea and the Soviet Union.
  • 1991 Russian self-determination.

Oman–Saudi Arabia

• • 1990 Border agreement

Oman–United Arab Emirates

• Khasab - Dubai
  • 1971 The United Arab Emirates and Oman become independent from the United Kingdom
• Shinas - Dubai
  • 1971 The United Arab Emirates and Oman become independent from the United Kingdom
• Al Buraymi - Abu Zabi
  • 1971 The United Arab Emirates and Oman become independent from the United Kingdom
  • 1999 Border dispute on Al-Buraymi resolved

Oman–Yemen

• • 1971 Omani independence, border between Oman and South Yemen
  • 1990 North Yemen and South Yemen are unified
  • 1992 Border dispute between Oman and Yemen settled about Habarut

Saudi Arabia–Qatar

• • 2009 Signed at the UN headquarters

Saudi Arabia–United Arab Emirates

• • 1974 Treaty of Jeddah, disputed

Saudi Arabia–Yemen

• Ar Riyad - Mukalla
  • 1926 Unification of Nejd and Hijaz, border between Saudi Arabia and the British protectorate of Aden
  • 1990 Unification of South Yemen and North Yemen
• Jizan - San'a
  • 1934 Treaty of Taif, border between Saudi Arabia and (North) Yemen

Syria–Turkey

• From Nusaybin - Cizre to Aleppo - Gaziantep
  • 1923 at the Treaty of Lausanne, border between Turkey and the French League of Nations mandate of Syria.
  • 1944 Syrian independence.
• Aleppo - Antakya
  • 1939 after referendum, border between Turkey and the French League of Nations mandate of Syria.
  • 1944 Syrian independence.

Tajikistan–Uzbekistan

• • 1991 Tajikistani and Uzbekistani independence

Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan

• • 1991 Turkmenistani and Uzbekistani independence

Oceania

Indonesia–Papua New Guinea

• • 1969 The Netherlands cedes Papua to Indonesia, border between Indonesia and Australia
  • 1975 Papua New Guinea becomes independent from Australia

Africa

Algeria–Libya

• • 1951 Libya becomes independent, border between Libya and France
  • 1962 Algeria becomes independent

Algeria–Mali

• • 1960 Mali becomes independent, border between Mali and France
  • 1962 Algeria becomes independent

Algeria–Mauritania

• • 1960 Mauritania becomes independent, border between Mauritania and France
  • 1962 Algeria becomes independent

Algeria–Morocco

• Tlemcen - Oujda
  • 1554 Morocco is established after a merger of small states, border between Saadi Sultanat and the Regency Of Algiers
  • 1710 Algiers (Algeria) becomes independent
• Béchar - Casablanca
  • 1844 Border between France and Alaouite Sultanate established after a war
  • 1962 Algerian independence, Algerian borders has shrunk from Moulouya river to Kiss river

Algeria–Niger

• • 1960 Niger becomes independent, border between Niger and France
  • 1962 Algeria becomes independent

Algeria–Tunisia

• • 1956 Tunisia becomes independent, border between Tunisia and France
  • 1962 Algeria becomes independent

Angola–Democratic Republic of the Congo

• • 1960 Congolese independence, border between Congo-Léopoldville (DRC) and Portugal
  • 1975 Angola becomes independent

Angola–Namibia

• • 1975 Angola becomes independent, border between Angola and South Africa
  • 1990 Namibia becomes independent

Angola–Republic of the Congo

• • 1960 Congolese independence, border between Congo-Brazzaville (RC) and Portugal
  • 1975 Angola becomes independent

Angola–Zambia

• • 1964 Zambia becomes independent, border between Zambia and Portugal
  • 1975 Angola becomes independent

Benin–Burkina Faso

• • 1960 Independence for Benin and Burkina Faso

Benin–Niger

• • 1960 Independence for Benin and Niger

Benin–Nigeria

• • 1960 Independence for Benin and Nigeria

Burkina Faso–Togo

• • 1960 Independence for Burkina Faso and Togo

Burkina Faso–Ghana

• • 1957 Ghana becomes independent, border between Ghana and France
  • 1960 Togo becomes independent

Burkina Faso–Côte d'Ivoire

• • 1960 Independence for Burkina Faso and Côte d'Ivoire

Burkina Faso–Mali

• • 1960 Independence for Burkina Faso and Mali

Burkina Faso–Niger

• • 1960 Independence for Burkina Faso and Niger

Botswana–South Africa

• • 1931 South Africa becomes independent, border between South Africa and the United Kingdom
  • 1966 Botswana becomes independent

Botswana–Zimbabwe

• • 1966 Botswana becomes independent, border between Botswana and Rhodesia
  • 1980 Zimbabwe becomes independent

Botswana–Namibia

• • 1966 Botswana becomes independent, border between Botswana and South Africa
  • 1990 Namibia becomes independent

Burundi–Democratic Republic of the Congo

• • 16th century, Establishment of Burundi, border of Burundi
  • 1960 Congolese independence, border between Congo-Léopoldville (DRC) and Belgium
  • 1962 Burundi becomes independent

Burundi–Rwanda

• • 2nd Millennium, Establishment of Burundi and Rwanda
  • 1962 Burundi and Rwanda become independent from Belgium

Burundi–Tanzania

• • 16th century, Establishment of Burundi, border of Burundi
  • 1962 Burundi becomes independent, border between Burundi and Tanganyika
  • 1964 Establishment of Tanzania after a merger between Tanganyika and Zanzibar

Cameroon–Central African Republic

• • 1960 Independence for Cameroon and the Central African Republic

Cameroon–Republic of the Congo

• • 1960 Independence for Cameroon and Congo-Brazzaville (RC)

Central African Republic–Republic of the Congo

• • 1960 Central African and Congolese independence

Central African Republic–Democratic Republic of the Congo

• • 1960 Central African and Congolese independence

Central African Republic–Chad

• • 1960 Independence for the Central African Republic and Chad

Cameroon–Gabon

• • 1960 Independence for Cameroon and Gabon

Cameroon–Equatorial Guinea

• • 1960 Cameroon becomes independent, border between Cameroon and Spain
  • 1968 Equatorial Guinea becomes independent

Cameroon–Chad

• • 1960 Independence for Cameroon and Chad

Cameroon–Nigeria

• Garoua - Maiduguri
  • 1960 Cameroon becomes independent, border between Cameroon and the British United Nations mandate of Cameroons
  • 1961 Northern Cameroons votes to become part of Nigeria
• Bamenda - Yola
  • 1961 After a referendum it is decided that Northern Cameroons becomes part of Nigeria and Southern Cameroons part of Cameroon
• Douala - Calabar
  • 1960 Nigerian independence, border between Nigeria and the British United Nations mandate of Cameroons
  • 1961 Southern Cameroons votes to become part of Cameroon

Chad–Libya

• • 1951 Libya becomes independent, border between Libya and France
  • 1960 Chad becomes independent

Chad–Niger

• • 1960 Independence for Chad and Niger

Chad–Nigeria

• • 1980s, Lake Chad nearly dried up, border of Chad and Nigeria becomes a land border

Central African Republic–Sudan

• • 1956 Sudanese independence from the United Kingdom and Egypt, border between Sudan and France
  • 1960 The Central African Republic becomes independent

Chad–Sudan

• • 1956 Sudanese independence from the United Kingdom and Egypt, border between Sudan and France
  • 1960 Chad becomes independent

Côte d'Ivoire–Mali

• • 1960 Independence for Côte d'Ivoire and Mali

Côte d'Ivoire–Guinea

• • 1958 Guinea becomes independent, border between Guinea and France
  • 1960 Côte d'Ivoire becomes independent

Côte d'Ivoire–Liberia

• San Pédro - Harper
  • 1857 The Republic of Maryland joins Liberia, border of Liberia
  • 1960 Côte d'Ivoire becomes independent
• Man - Zwedru
  • 1892 Border agreement between Liberia and France
  • 1960 Côte d'Ivoire becomes independent

Democratic Republic of the Congo–Sudan

• • 1956 Sudanese independence from the United Kingdom and Egypt, border between Sudan and Belgium
  • 1960 Congolese independence

Democratic Republic of the Congo–Republic of the Congo

• • 1960 Independence for both Congo's, both named Republic of the Congo at the time

Democratic Republic of the Congo–Rwanda

• • 2nd Millennium, Establishment of Rwanda, border of Rwanda
  • 1960 Congolese independence, border between Congo-Léopoldville (DRC) and Belgium
  • 1962 Rwanda becomes independent

Democratic Republic of the Congo–Uganda

• • 1960 Congolese independence, border between Congo-Léopoldville (DRC) and the United Kingdom
  • 1962 Uganda becomes independent

Democratic Republic of the Congo–Zambia

• • 1960 Congolese independence, border between Congo-Léopoldville (DRC) and the United Kingdom
  • 1964 Zambia becomes independent

Djibouti–Eritrea

• • 1977 Djibouti becomes independent, border between Djibouti and Ethiopia
  • 1991 Eritrean independence

Djibouti–Ethiopia

• • 1897 Border established between Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and France
  • 1977 Djibouti becomes independent

Djibouti–Somalia

• • 1960 Somalian independence, border between Somalia and France
  • 1977 Djibouti becomes independent

Egypt–Libya

• • 1922 Egyptian independence, border between Egypt and Italy (Italian Libya)
  • 1951 Libyan independence

Egypt–Sudan

• • 1956 Sudanese independence from the United Kingdom and Egypt

Equatorial Guinea–Gabon

• • 1960 Gabon becomes independent, border between Gabon and Spain
  • 1968 Equatorial Guinea becomes independent

Eritrea–Sudan

• • 1956 Sudanese independence from the United Kingdom and Egypt, border between Sudan and Ethiopia
  • 1991 Eritrean independence

Eritrea–Ethiopia

• • 1900/1902/1908 Border established between Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and Italy
  • 1991 Eritrean independence after the Ethiopian Civil War

Ethiopia–Kenya

• • 1907 Border agreement between Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and the British Empire
  • 1963 Kenya becomes independent

Ethiopia–Sudan

• • 1902 Border between Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and the United Kingdom established
  • 1956 Sudanese independence from the United Kingdom and Egypt, border between Sudan and Ethiopia

Ethiopia–Somalia

• Harar - Hargeysa
  • 1897 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty, border between Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and the British Empire
  • 1960 Somalian independence
• Adis Abeba - Muqdisho
  • 1897 Border agreement between Abyssinia (Ethiopia) and Italy
  • 1960 Somalian independence

Gabon–Republic of the Congo

• • 1960 Independence for Gabon and Congo-Brazzaville (RC)

The Gambia–Senegal

• • 1960 Senegal becomes independent, border between Senegal and the United Kingdom
  • 1965 The Gambia becomes independent

Ghana–Togo

• • 1957 Ghana becomes independent, border between Ghana and the French United Nations mandate of Togoland
  • 1960 Togo becomes independent

Ghana–Côte d'Ivoire

• • 1957 Ghana becomes independent, border between Ghana and France
  • 1960 Côte d'Ivoire becomes independent

Guinea–Liberia

• • 1892 Border agreement between Liberia and France
  • 1958 Guinea becomes independent

Guinea–Sierra Leone

• • 1958 Guinea becomes independent, border between Guinea and the United Kingdom
  • 1961 Sierra Leone becomes independent

Guinea–Mali

• • 1958 Guinea becomes independent, border between Guinea and France
  • 1960 Mali becomes independent

Guinea–Senegal

• • 1958 Guinea becomes independent, border between Guinea and France
  • 1960 Senegal becomes independent

Guinea–Guinea-Bissau

• • 1958 Guinea becomes independent, border between Guinea and Portugal
  • 1973/1974 Guinea-Bissau becomes independent

Guinea-Bissau–Senegal

• • 1960 Senegal becomes independent, border between Senegal and Portugal
  • 1973/1974 Guinea-Bissau becomes independent

Kenya–Sudan

• • 1956 Sudanese independence from the United Kingdom and Egypt, border between Sudan and the United Kingdom
  • 1963 Kenya becomes independent

Kenya–Somalia

• • 1960 Somalian independence, border between Somalia and the United Kingdom
  • 1963 Kenya becomes independent

Kenya–Uganda

• • 1962 Uganda becomes independent, border between Uganda and the United Kingdom
  • 1963 Kenya becomes independent

Kenya–Tanzania

• • 1963 Kenya becomes independent, border between Kenya and Tanganyika
  • 1964 Establishment of Tanzania after a merger between Tanganyika and Zanzibar

Lesotho–South Africa

• Maseru - Pietermaritzburg
  • 1822 Establishment of Basutoland (Lesotho), border between Basutoland and the Zulu Kingdom
  • 1931 South Africa becomes independent, border between South Africa and the United Kingdom
  • 1966 Lesotho becomes independent.
• Maseru - East London
  • 1822 Establishment of Basutoland (Lesotho), border between Basutoland and the Xhosa
  • 1931 South Africa becomes independent, border between South Africa and the United Kingdom
  • 1966 Lesotho becomes independent
• Maseru - Bloemfontein
  • 1931 South Africa becomes independent, border between South Africa and the United Kingdom
  • 1966 Lesotho becomes independent

Libya–Niger

• • 1951 Libyan independence, border between Libya and France
  • 1960 Niger becomes independent

Libya–Sudan

• • 1951 Libyan independence, border between Libya and the United Kingdom
  • 1956 Sudanese independence from the United Kingdom and Egypt

Libya–Tunisia

• • 1951 Libya becomes independent, border between Libya and France
  • 1956 Tunisia becomes independent

Liberia–Sierra Leone

• Robertsport - Freetown
  • 1847 Liberia becomes independent from the United States, border of Liberia
  • 1961 Sierra Leone becomes independent
• Voinjama - Koidu
  • 1885 Border agreement between Liberia and the British Empire
  • 1961 Sierra Leone becomes independent

Mali–Senegal

• • 1960 Independence for Mali and Senegal

Mali–Mauritania

• • 1960 Independence for Mali and Mauritania

Malawi–Mozambique

• • 1964 Malawi becomes independent, border between Malawi and Portugal

Mali–Niger

• • 1960 Independence for Mali and Niger

Malawi–Tanzania

• • 1964 Establishment of Tanzania after a merger between Tanganyika and Zanzibar and the independence of Malawi

Malawi–Zambia

• • 1964 Malawi and Zambia becomes independent

Mauritania–Senegal

• • 1960 Independence for Mauritania and Senegal

Morocco–Spain

• Nador - Melilla
  • 1894 borders between Morocco and Melilla were fixed.
• Tanger - Ceuta
  • 17th century.

Mozambique–South Africa

• • 1931 South Africa becomes independent, border between South Africa and Portugal
  • 1975 Mozambique becomes independent from the Portuguese Empire.

Mozambique–Swaziland

• • 1830s, Swaziland is moved up north in order to reduce the pressure from the Zulus, border between Swaziland and Portugal
  • 1975 Mozambique becomes independent

Mozambique–Tanzania

• • 1964 Establishment of Tanzania after a merger between Tanganyika and Zanzibar, border between Tanzania and Portugal
  • Mozambique becomes independent

Mozambique–Zambia

• • 1964 Zambia becomes independent, border between Zambia and Portugal
  • 1975 Mozambique becomes independent

Mozambique–Zimbabwe

• • 1975 Mozambique becomes independent, border between Mozambique and Rhodesia
  • 1980 Zimbabwe becomes independent

Namibia–Zambia

• • 1964 Zambia becomes independent, border between Zambia and South Africa
  • 1990 Namibia becomes independent

Namibia–South Africa

• • 1990 Namibia becomes independent from South Africa

Niger–Nigeria

• • 1960 Independence for Niger and Nigeria

Rwanda–Tanzania

• • 2nd Millennium, Establishment of Rwanda, border of Rwanda
  • 1962 Rwanda becomes independent, border between Rwanda and Tanganyika
  • 1964 Establishment of Tanzania after a merger between Tanganyika and Zanzibar

Rwanda–Uganda

• • 2nd Millennium, Establishment of Rwanda, border of Rwanda
  • 1962 Independence of Rwanda and Uganda

Sudan–Uganda

• • 1956 Sudanese independence from the United Kingdom and Egypt, border between Sudan and the United Kingdom
  • 1962 Uganda becomes independent

South Africa–Eswatini

• • 1830s, Swaziland is moved up north in order to reduce the pressure from the Zulus, border of Swaziland
  • 1931 South Africa becomes independent, border between South Africa and the United Kingdom
  • 1968 Swaziland becomes independent

South Africa–Zimbabwe

• • 1931 South Africa becomes independent, border between South Africa and the United Kingdom
  • 1980 Zimbabwe becomes independent

Tanzania–Uganda

• • 1962 Uganda becomes independent, border between Uganda and Tanganyika
  • 1964 Establishment of Tanzania after a merger between Tanganyika and Zanzibar

Tanzania–Zambia

• • 1964 Establishment of Tanzania after a merger between Tanganyika and Zanzibar and the independence of Zambia

Zambia–Zimbabwe

• • 1964 Zambia becomes independent, border between Zambia and the United Kingdom
  • 1980 Zimbabwe becomes independent

North America

Belize–Guatemala

• • 1840 Guatemala becomes independent from Central America, border between Guatemala and the United Kingdom
  • 1981 Belize becomes independent

Belize–Mexico

• • 1821 Mexico becomes independent from the Spanish Empire, border between Mexico and the United Kingdom
  • 1981 Belize becomes independent

Canada–United States

• Saint John - Bangor
  • 1783 At the Treaty of Paris ending the American Revolutionary War, border between the United States and Great Britain
• Edmundston - Presque Isle
  • 1842 At the Webster–Ashburton Treaty ending the Aroostook War, border between the United States and the United Kingdom
• From Montréal - Boston to Thunder Bay - Minneapolis
  • 1783 At the Treaty of Paris, border between the United States and Great Britain
• From Winnipeg - Grand Forks to Calgary - Great Falls
  • 1818 At the Treaty of 1818, border between the United States and the United Kingdom
• Vancouver - Seattle
  • 1846 At the Oregon Treaty, border between the United States and the United Kingdom
• Whitehorse - Juneau
  • 1903 At the Hay–Herbert Treaty, border between the United States and the British Empire
• From Whitehorse - Anchorage to Inuvik - Prudhoe Bay
  • 1867 Alaska Purchase, border between the United States and the United Kingdom

Costa Rica–Panama

• • 1838 Costa Rica becomes independent, border between Colombia and Costa Rica
  • 1903 Panama becomes independent

Costa Rica–Nicaragua

• • 1838 Costa Rica and Nicaragua become independent

Dominican Republic–Haiti

• • 1804 Haiti becomes independent from the French Empire, border between Haiti and France
  • 1821/1844 The Dominican Republic becomes independent from Haiti

El Salvador–Guatemala

• • 1840 El Salvador and Guatemala become independent

El Salvador–Honduras

• • 1839 Honduras becomes independent from the Federal Republic of Central America, border between Honduras and the Federal Republic of Central America
  • 1840 El Salvador established after the dissolution of the Federal Republic of Central America

France–Netherlands

• • 1648 France and the Netherlands divide Saint Martin.

Guatemala–Honduras

• • 1839 Honduras becomes independent from the Federal Republic of Central America, border between Honduras and the Federal Republic of Central America

Guatemala–Mexico

• • 1821 Mexico becomes independent, border between Mexico and the Federal Republic of Central America
  • 1840 Guatemala becomes independent

Honduras–Nicaragua

• • 1838 Nicaragua becomes independent from the Federal Republic of Central America, border between Nicaragua and the Federal Republic of Central America
  • 1839 Honduras becomes independent

Mexico–United States

• From Matamoros - Corpus Christi to Juárez - El Paso
  • 1848 At the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ending the Mexican-American War.
• Hermosillo - Phoenix
  • 1853 Gadsden Purchase
• Tijuana - San Diego
  • 1848 At the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

South America

Argentina - Brazil

• Puerto Iguazú - Foz do Iguaçu
  • 1814 Misiones is claimed by Argentina, border between Argentina and Portugal
• Posadas - Pato Branco
  • 1927 Border between Argentina and Brazil is settled
• Posadas - Porto Alegre
  • 1814 Misiones is claimed by Argentina, border between Argentina and Portugal
• Corrientes - Santa Maria
  • 1820 After the division of the territory of the Liga Federal, border between the United Provinces of South America (Argentina) and Portugal

Argentina–Bolivia

• • 1825 Bolivian independence from the United Provinces of South America
  • 1925 Final border Treaty

Argentina–Chile

• Salta - Antofagasta
  • 1884 Chile conquers the Bolivian Antofagasta Region
  • 1899 Border settled
• Mendoza - Santiago de Chile
  • 1810 The United Provinces of South America (Argentina) becomes independent, border between Argentina and Spain
  • 1818 Chile becomes independent with help from Argentina
• From Comodoro Rivadavia - Coihaique to Ushuaia - Punta Arenas
  • 1881 Boundary Treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina

Argentina–Paraguay

• • 1870 Border established after the Paraguayan War

Argentina–Uruguay

• • 1820 Liga Federal is dissolved and the United Provinces of South America annexes the western provinces, creating today's border
  • 1821 The remainder of Liga Federal is annexed by the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
  • 1825 Uruguay declares independence
  • 1828 Uruguayan independence is recognized

Bolivia–Brazil

• La Paz - Rio Branco
  • 1903 Treaty of Petropolis, Bolivia cedes Acre to Brazil
• Riberalta - Bom Comérico
  • 1867 Bolivia cells northern Acre to Brazil
• La Paz - Porto Velho
  • 1822 Brazilian independence, border between Brazil and Spain
  • 1825 Bolivian independence
• Santa Cruz - Cuiabá
  • 1867 Bolivia cells parts of eastern Bolivia to Brazil
  • 1927 Final border Treaty

Bolivia–Chile

• Julaca - Antofagasta
  • 1884 Chile conquers the Bolivian Antofagasta Region
• La Paz - Arica
  • 1825 Bolivian independence, border between Bolivia and Peru
  • 1880 Arica is conquered by Chile

Bolivia–Paraguay

• • 1938 Chaco War ends with a truce, the current border created
  • 2009 A final Treaty is signed to clearly mark the border

Bolivia–Peru

• La Paz - Arequipa
  • 1824 Spanish defeated in Peru, border between Peru and Spain
  • 1825 Bolivian independence
• Riberalta - Cuzco
  • 1909 Border settled

Brazil–Colombia

• • 1907 Treaty of Bogotá, Brazil and Colombia agree on most of the border
  • 1928 The Tratado de Límites y Navegación Fluvial is signed, settling the border

Brazil–France

• • 1713 The Treaty of Utrecht creates a border between France and Portugal.
  • 1822 Brazil obtains independence

Brazil–Guyana

• Santarém - Georgetown
  • 1822 Brazilian independence, border between Brazil and the United Kingdom
  • 1966 Guyana becomes independent
• Boa Vista - Georgetown
  • 1904 Italy arbiters in a border dispute, border between Brazil and the British Empire
  • 1966 Guyana becomes independent
• Boa Vista - Imbaimadai
  • 1822 Brazilian independence, border between Brazil and the United Kingdom
  • 1966 Guyana becomes independent

Brazil–Paraguay

• Campo Grande - Forte Olimpo
  • 1870 Paraguay is defeated in the Paraguayan War and loses territory to Brazil, border between Brazil and the disputed Chaco area, claimed by both Bolivia and Paraguay
  • 1935 After the Chaco War
• Campo Grande - Asunción
  • 1870 Paraguay is defeated in the Paraguayan War and loses territory to Brazil
• Cascavel - Asunción
  • 1811 Paraguay becomes independent, border between Paraguay and Portugal
  • 1822 Brazilian independence

Brazil–Peru

• Eirunepé - Iquitos
  • 1851 Border agreement
• Rio Branco - Lima
  • 1909 Border agreement

Brazil–Suriname

• • 1906 Border between Brazil and the Netherlands defined in the Treaty of Limits
  • 1975 Suriname obtains independence

Brazil–Uruguay

• • 1825 Uruguay declares independence
  • 1828 Uruguay's independence is accepted by Brazil

Brazil–Venezuela

• • 1777 First Treaty of San Ildefonso is signed designating the border between Spain and Portugal
  • 1819 Gran Colombia becomes independent
  • 1822 Brazilian becomes independent
  • 1830 Venezuela becomes independent

Colombia–Ecuador

• • 1830 Ecuador becomes independent from Colombia
  • 1916 Final border Treaty

Colombia–Panama

• • 1903 Panama becomes independent from Colombia

Colombia–Peru

• • 1922 Border agreement between Colombia and Peru, territory disputed with Ecuador
  • 1942 Ecuador loses a war versus Peru

Colombia–Venezuela

• • 1830 Venezuela becomes independent from Colombia

Ecuador–Peru

• Quito - Iquitos
  • 1942 After the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War, disputed
• Cuenca - Sullana
  • 1830 Ecuador becomes independent, disputed

France–Suriname

• • 17th century, border between France and the Netherlands.
  • 1975 Surinamese independence.

Guyana–Suriname

• Georgetown - Paramaribo
  • 1966 Guyana becomes independent, border between Guyana and the Netherlands
  • 1975 Suriname becomes independent
• Joli - Majoli
  • 1966 Guyana becomes independent, border between Guyana and the Netherlands
  • 1975 Suriname becomes independent, disputed

Guyana–Venezuela

• • 1899 Border settled between Venezuela and the British Empire
  • 1966 Guyana becomes independent, border disputed

Borders of Territories with special status

Hong Kong–China

• Boundary Street
  • 1860 China under the Qing dynasty ceded Kowloon Peninsula to the British crown colony of Hong Kong
• Sham Chun River, Sha Tau Kok River and Pak Kung Au
  • 1898 China under the Qing dynasty leased the New Territories to the United Kingdom until 1997, and was added to the crown colony of Hong Kong
    • Dongjiaotou 2007 The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China leased an area in Dongjiaotou for Hong Kong, one of PRC's special administrative regions, to establish a boundary checkpoint across the Deep Bay / Shenzhen Bay.

Algeria–Western Sahara

• • 1962 Algeria becomes independent, border between Algeria and Spain
  • 1975 Western Sahara becomes independent and is mostly occupied by Morocco

Mauritania–Western Sahara

• • 1960 Mauritania becomes independent, border between Mauritania and Spain
  • 1975 Western Sahara becomes independent and is mostly occupied by Morocco

Morocco–Western Sahara

• • 1884 Berlin Conference, Spain gains Western Sahara and subsequently occupies the territory, border between Morocco and Spain

Egypt–Palestinian Territories

• • 1841 The United Kingdom forces Egypt to retreat from the Levant, border between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire
  • 2005 Israel evacuates the Gaza Strip

Israel–Palestinian Territories

• From Nazareth - Jenin to Beersheba - Hebron
  • 1948 Cease fire line in First Arab-Israeli War, border between Israel and Jordan
• Beersheba - Gaza
  • 1948 Cease fire line in the war between Israel and the Arabs, border between Israel and Egypt
  • 2005 Israel evacuates the Gaza Strip

Jordan–Palestinian Territories

• • 1967 Israel conquers the West Bank, border between Jordan and Israel

Notes and References

1. Web site: On This Day in History: Independence of Greece is Recognized by the Treaty of London - on May 7, 1832 . 7 May 2016 .
2. Web site: History of the Principality of Andorra .
3. Web site: Finland. World Statesmen. English. 31 August 2015.