List of kampo herbs explained

Kampō (or Kanpō, 漢方) medicine is the Japanese study and adaptation of traditional Chinese medicine. In 1967, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare approved four kampo medicines for reimbursement under the National Health Insurance (NHI) program. In 1976, 82 kampo medicines were approved by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Currently, 148 kampo medicines are approved for reimbursement. [1]

The 14th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP) (日本薬局方 Nihon yakkyokuhō) lists 165 herbal ingredients that are approved to be used in kampo remedies.[2]

Tsumura (ツムラ) is the leading maker[3] making 128 of the 148 kampo medicines. The "count" column shows in how many of these 128 formulae the herb is found. The most common herb is Glycyrrhizae Radix (Chinese liquorice root). It is in 94 of the 128 Tsumura formulae. Other common herbs are Zingiberis Rhizoma (ginger) (51 of 128 formulae) and Paeoniae Radix (Chinese peony root) (44 of 128 formulae).

Latin nameCommon name
in English
JapaneseChineseGenus species
Count
(see above)
KanjiKatakanaPinyinTS
Achyranthis Radix achyranthis root牛膝ゴシツniú xī牛膝牛膝Achyranthes fauriei3
Aconiti RhizomaCarmichael's monkshood rhizome附子ブシfù zǐ附子附子Aconitum carmichaelii6
Akebiae Caulischocolate vine stem木通モクツウmù tōng木通木通Akebia quinata5
Alismatis Rhizomawater plantain rhizome沢瀉タクシャzé xiè澤瀉泽泻Alisma orientale14
Alpiniae Officinari Rhizomalesser galangal rhizome良姜リョウキョウliáng jiāng良薑良姜Alpinia officinarum1
Amomi Semenblack cardamom seed縮砂シュクシャshā rén砂仁砂仁Amomum xanthioides1
Anemarrhenae Rhizomaanemarrhena rhizome知母チモzhī mǔ知母知母Anemarrhena asphodeloides6
Angelicae Dahuricae Radixangelica root白芷ビャクシbái zhǐ白芷白芷Angelica dahurica5
Angelicae RadixChinese angelica root当帰トウキdāng guī當歸当归Angelica acutiloba37
Araliae Cordatae RadixJapanese spikenard root和羌活ワキョウカツtǔ dāng guī土當歸土当归Aralia cordata1
Araliae Cordatae RhizomaJapanese spikenard rhizome独活ドッカツtǔ dāng guī土當歸土当归Aralia cordata1
Arctii Fructusgreater burdock fruit牛蒡子ゴボウシniú bàng zǐ牛蒡子牛蒡子Arctium lappa2
Arecae Semenbetel nut
areca nut
檳榔子ビンロウジbīng láng/
bīn láng[4]
檳榔槟榔Areca catechu1
Arisaematis Rhizomaarisaema rhizome天南星テンナンショウtiān nán xīng天南星天南星Arisaema heterophyllum1
Artemisiae Capillari Floswormwood flower, mugwort flower茵蔯蒿インチンコウyīn chén hāo茵陳蒿茵陈蒿Artemisia capillaris2
Artemisiae Foliumwormwood leaf, mugwort leaf艾葉ガイヨウài yè艾葉艾叶Artemisia princeps1
Asiasari RadixChinese wild ginger root細辛サイシンxì xīn細辛细辛Asarum sieboldii5
Asini Corii Collascollagen阿膠アキョウē jiāo阿膠阿胶5
Asparagi Radixasparagus root天門冬テンモンドウtiān mén dōng天門冬天门冬Asparagus cochinchinensis2
Astragali Radixastragalus root黄耆オウギhuáng qí黃蓍黄芪Astragalus membranaceus14
Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizomaatractylodes rhizome蒼朮ソウジュツcāng zhú蒼朮苍术Atractylodes lancea34
Atractylodis Rhizomawhite atractylodes rhizome白朮ビャクジュツbái zhú白朮白术Atractylodes japonica8
Aurantii Fructus Immaturusunripe bitter orange枳実キジツzhǐ shí枳實枳实Citrus aurantium14
Aurantii Nobilis Pericarpiumaged mikan orange peel陳皮チンピchén pí陳皮陈皮Citrus unshiu24
Bambusae Caulis, Phyllostachysis Caulisbamboo shavings竹筎チクジョzhú rú竹茹竹茹Bambusa tuldoides2
Benincasae Semenwinter melon seed冬瓜子トウガシdōng guā zǐ冬瓜子冬瓜子Benincasa cerifera1
Bovis Bezoarcattle gallstone
calculus bovis
牛黄ゴオウniú huáng牛黃牛黄Bos taurus0
Bupleuri Radixbupleurum root柴胡サイコchái hú柴胡柴胡Bupleurum falcatum22
Camelliae Foliumtea leaf茶葉チャヨウchá yè茶葉茶叶Camellia sinensis1
Cannabis Fructushemp fruit麻子仁マシニンmá zǐ rén麻子仁麻子仁Cannabis sativa3
Carthami Flossafflower flower紅花コウカhóng huā紅花红花Carthamus tinctorius2
Caryophylli Flosclove flower丁子チョウジdīng zǐ丁子丁子Syzygium aromaticum2
Cassiae Semensenna seed決明子ケツメイシjué míng zǐ決明子决明子Senna obtusifolia (formerly Cassia)0
Chrysanthemi Floschrysanthemum flower菊花キッカjú huā菊花菊花Chrysanthemum morifolium1
Cicadae Periostracumcicada molting蝉退ゼンタイchán tuì蟬退蝉退Cryptotympana tustulata1
Cimicifugae Rhizomabugbane rhizome, cohosh rhizome升麻ショウマshēng má升麻升麻Cimicifuga simplex5
Cinnamomi CortexChinese cinnamon bark桂皮ケイヒguì pí桂皮桂皮Cinnamomum cassia39
Clematidis Radixclematis root威霊仙イレイセンwēi líng xiān威靈仙威灵仙Clematis chinensis2
Cnidii Rhizomacnidium root川芎センキュウchuān xiōng川芎川芎Cnidium officinale25
Coicis SemenJob's Tears seed薏苡仁ヨクイニンyì yǐ rén薏苡仁薏苡仁Coix lacryma3
Coptidis Rhizomagoldenthread rhizome黄連オウレンhuáng lián黃連黄连Coptis japonica11
Corni FructusJapanese cornel fruit山茱萸サンシュユshān zhū yú山茱萸山茱萸Cornus officinalis3
Corydalis Rhizomacorydalis rhizome延胡索エンゴサクyán hú suǒ延胡索延胡索Corydalis turtschaninovii1
Crassostreae Testapacific oyster shell牡蛎ボレイmǔ lì牡蠣牡蛎Crassostrea gigas4
Crataegi FructusJapanese hawthorn fruit山楂子サンザシshān zhā山楂山楂Crataegus cuneata1
Crotonis Semenrushfoil seed, croton seed巴豆ハズbā dòu巴豆巴豆Croton tiglium0
Cyperi Rhizomanut-grass rhizome香附子コウブシxiāng fù zǐ香附子香附子Cyperus rotundus6
Dioscoreae RhizomaChinese yam rhizome山薬サンヤクshān yào山藥山药Dioscorea japonica
D. opposita
4
Ephedraephedra herb麻黄マオウmá huáng麻黃麻黄Ephedra sinica13
Eriobotryae Foliumloquat leaf枇杷葉ビワヨウpí pá yè枇杷葉枇杷叶Eriobotrya japonica1
Eucommiae Cortexeucommia bark杜仲トチュウdù zhòng杜仲杜仲Eucommia ulmoides1
Eupolyphagaground beetle, wingless cockroach庶虫(1)シャチュウtǔ biē chóng土鱉蟲土鳖虫Eupolyphaga sinensis0
Fel Ursibear gallbladder熊胆ユウタンxióng dǎn熊膽熊胆Ursus arctos0
Foeniculi Fructusfennel fruit茴香ウイキョウhuí xiāng茴香茴香Foeniculum vulgare1
Forsythiae Fructusforsythia fruit連翹レンギョウlián qiào連翹连翘Forsythia suspensa5
Fossilia Ossis Mastodidragon bone, fossilized vertebrae and bones竜骨リュウコツlóng gǔ龍骨龙骨2
Fritillariae Bulbusfritillaria bulb貝母バイモbèi mǔ貝母贝母Fritillaria verticillata2
Gardeniae Fructusgardenia fruit山梔子サンシシshān zhī zǐ山梔子山栀子Gardenia jasminoides13
Gastrodiae Rhizomagastrodia rhizome天麻テンマtiān má天麻天麻Gastrodia elata1
Gentianae Scabrae RadixChinese gentian root竜胆リュウタンlóng dǎn caǒ龍膽草龙胆草Gentiana scabra3
Glehniae Radix Cum Rhizomaglehnia rhizome浜防風ハマボウフウběi shā shēn北沙參北沙参Glehnia littoralis1
Glycyrrhizae RadixChinese liquorice root甘草カンゾウgān cǎo甘草甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis94
Glycyrrhizae Radix preparataChinese liquorice root炙甘草シャカンゾウzhì gān cǎo炙甘草炙甘草Glycyrrhiza uralensis1
Gypsum Fibrosumgypsum mineral石膏セッコウshí gāo石膏石膏10
Hordei Fructus Germinatusbarley sprout麦芽バクガmài yá麥芽麦芽Hordeum vulgare1
Houttuyniae Herbahouttuynia herb十薬ジュウヤクshí yào十藥十药Houttuynia cordata0
Leonuri HerbaChinese motherwort herb益母草ヤクモソウyì mǔ cǎo益母草益母草Leonurus japonicus0
Lilii Bulbustiger lily bulb百合ビャクゴウbǎi hé百合百合Lilium lancifolium1
Linderae Radixspicebush root, benjamin bush root烏薬ウヤクwū yào烏樂乌乐Lindera strychnifolia0
Lithospermi Radixlithospermum root紫根シコンzǐ gēn紫根紫根Lithospermum erythrorhizon0
Longan Arilluslongan fruit flesh竜眼肉リュウガンニクlóng yǎn ròu龍眼肉龙眼肉Euphoria longana2
Lonicerae Folium Cum CaulisJapanese honeysuckle stem忍冬ニンドウrěn dōng téng忍冬藤忍冬疼Lonicera japonica1
Lycii Cortexwolfberry tree bark地骨皮ジコッピdì gǔ pí地骨皮地骨皮Lycium chinense2
Lycii Fructuswolfberry tree fruit枸杞子クコシgǒu qǐ zǐ枸杞子枸杞子Lycium chinense0
Magnoliae Cortexhoupu magnolia bark厚朴コウボクhòu pò厚朴厚朴Magnolia officinalis12
Magnoliae Floswillow-leafed magnolia flower辛夷シンイxīn yí辛夷辛夷Magnolia salicifolia2
Menthae Herbawild mint herb薄荷ハッカbò hé薄荷薄荷Mentha arvensis7
Mori Cortexwhite mulberry bark桑白皮ソウハクヒsāng bái pí桑白皮桑白皮Morus alba2
Natrii Sulfussodium sulfate芒硝ボウショウmáng xiāo芒硝芒硝6
Nelumbis Semensacred lotus seed蓮肉レンニクlián ròu蓮肉莲肉Nelumbo nucifera2
Notopterygii Rhizomanotopterygium rhizome羌活キョウカツqiāng huó羌活羌活Notopterygium incisum3
Nupharis RhizomaJapanese water lily rhizome川骨センコツchuān gǔ川骨川骨Nuphar japonicum1
Ophiopogonis Rhizomamondo grass rhizome麦門冬バクモンドウmài mén dōng麥門冬麦门冬Ophiopogon japonicus11
Oryzae Semenrice seed粳米コウベイjīng mǐ粳米粳米Oryza sativa2
Paeoniae Moutan Cortextree peony bark牡丹皮ボタンピmǔ dān pí牡丹皮牡丹皮Paeonia moutan8
Paeoniae RadixChinese peony root芍薬シャクヤクsháo yào芍藥芍药Paeonia lactiflora44
Panacis Ginseng Radixginseng root人参ニンジンrén shēn人參人参Panax ginseng37
Panacis JaponicusJapanese ginseng root竹節人参チクセツニンジンzhú jié rén shēn竹節人參竹节人参Panax japonicus0
Perillae Herbashiso herb, beefsteak plant蘇葉ソヨウsū yè蘇葉苏叶Perilla frutescens6
Persicae Semenpeach kernel桃仁トウニンtáo rén桃仁桃仁Prunus persica6
Peucedani Radixpeucedanum root前胡ゼンコqián hú前胡前胡Peucedanum praeruptorum1
Phellodendri Cortexcork-tree bark黄柏オウバクhuáng bǎi黃柏黄柏Phellodendron amurense8
Pinelliae Rhizomapinellia rhizome半夏ハンゲbàn xià半夏半夏Pinellia ternata27
Plantaginis SemenChinese plantain seed車前子シャゼンシchē qián zǐ車前子车前子Plantago asiatica4
Platycodi RadixChinese bellflower root, balloon flower root桔梗キキョウjié gěng桔梗桔梗Platycodon grandiflorus12
Polygalae Radixmilkwort root, snakeroot遠志オンジyuǎn zhì遠志远志Polygala tenuifolia3
Polygoni Multiflori RadixChinese knotweed root何首烏カシュウhé shǒu wū何首烏何首乌Reynoutria multiflora1
Polyporuspolyporus mushroom猪苓チョレイzhū líng豬苓猪苓Polyporus umbellatus6
Poriatuckahoe mushroom茯苓ブクリョウfú líng茯苓茯苓Poria cocos46
Prunus armeniacaapricot kernel杏仁キョウニンxìng rén杏仁杏仁Prunus armeniaca9
Puerariae Radixkudzu root葛根カッコンgé gēn葛根葛根Pueraria lobata4
Quercus Cortexsawtooth oak bark樸樕ボクソクxiàng shí橡實橡实Quercus acutissima2
Rehmanniae RadixChinese foxglove root地黄ジオウdì huáng地黃地黄Rehmannia glutinosa22
Rhei Rhizomaturkey rhubarb rhizome大黄ダイオウdà huáng大黃大黄Rheum palmatum16
Saccharum Granorumground sugar膠飴コウイjiāo yí膠飴胶饴0
Saposhnikoviae Radixsaposhnikovia root防風ボウフウfáng fēng防風防风Saposhnikovia divaricata11
Sappan Lignumsappan wood shavings蘇木ソボクsū mù蘇木苏木Caesalpinia sappan1
Saussureae Radixsaw-wort root, snow lotus root木香モッコウmù xiāng木香木香Saussurea lappa3
Schisandrae Fructusschisandra fruit五味子ゴミシwǔ wèi zǐ五味子五味子Schisandra chinensis5
Schizonepetae Spicaschizonepeta spikes荊芥ケイガイjīng jìe荊芥荆芥Schizonepeta tenuifolia8
Scutellariae Radixskullcap root黄芩オウゴンhuáng qín黃芩黄芩Scutellaria baicalensis27
Sesami Semensesame seed胡麻ゴマhú má胡麻胡麻Sesamum indicum1
Sinomeni Caulis et Rhizomaorient vine rhizome防已ボウイqīng fēng téng青風藤青风藤Sinomenium acutum3
Sophorae Radixsophora root苦参クジンkǔ shēn苦參苦参Sophora flavescens2
Swertiae Herbaswertia herb当薬トウヤクdāng yào當藥当药Swertia japonica0
Talcum Crystallinum (Kadinum)talcum powder滑石カッセキhuá shí滑石滑石4
Tetradii Fructusevodia fruit呉茱萸ゴシュユwú zhū yú吳茱萸吴茱萸Tetradium rutaecarpa3
Tribuli Fructuspuncture vine fruit蒺藜子(2)シツリシjí lí zǐ蒺藜子蒺藜子Tribulus terrestris1
Trichosanthis Radixtrichosanthes root栝楼根カロコンguā lóu gēn瓜蔞根瓜蒌根Trichosanthes kirilowii2
Trichosanthis Sementrichosanthes seed栝楼仁カロニンguā lóu rén栝蔞仁栝蒌仁Trichosanthes kirilowii1
Tritici Semenwheat seed小麦ショウバクxiǎo mài小麥小麦Triticum aestivum1
Uncariae gambirgambier extract阿仙薬アセンヤクā xiān yào阿仙藥阿仙药Uncaria gambir0
Uncariae Uncis Cum Ramulusgambier extract釣藤鈎チョウトウコウdiào gōu téng釣鉤藤钓钩藤Uncaria rhynchophylla4
Zanthoxyli FructusJapanese pepper tree fruit山椒サンショウshān jiāo山椒山椒Zanthoxylum piperitum2
Zingiberis Rhizomafresh ginger rhizome生姜ショウキョウshēng jiāng生薑生姜Zingiber officinale51
Zingiberis Siccatum Rhizomadried ginger rhizome乾姜カンキョウgān jiāng乾薑干姜Zingiber officinale12
Zizyphi Fructusjujube fruit, Chinese date大棗タイソウdà zǎo大棗大枣Ziziphus zizyphus39
Zizyphi Spinosi Semenjujube seed, Chinese date seed酸棗仁サンソウニンsuān zǎo rén酸棗仁酸枣仁Ziziphus zizyphus3

See also

References

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Kampo Medicine: The Practice of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Japan. 2021-04-18. www.itmonline.org.
  2. Web site: 2007-09-26. RE: Kampo — Traditional Herbal Medicine of Japan. live. 2021-04-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20070926083230/http://www.herbalgram.org/youngliving/herbclip/pdfs/041806-179.pdf. 2007-09-26.
  3. Web site: 2006-09-27. Tsumura & Co.: Leadership in Kampo Medicines. 2021-04-18. https://web.archive.org/web/20060927141157/http://www.tsumura.co.jp/english/kampo/wik/resource.htm. 2006-09-27.
  4. Web site: http://dict.revised.moe.edu.tw/cgi-bin/cbdic/gsweb.cgi?o=dcbdic&searchid=Z00000019266. zh:教育部重編國語辭典修訂本. zh-tw. 25 August 2019. 字詞 【檳榔】 注音 ㄅㄧㄣ ㄌㄤˊ 漢語拼音 bīn láng.