List of ingredients in Burmese cuisine explained
pronounced as /notice/The following is a list of ingredients used in Burmese cuisine. Burmese cuisine utilizes a wide array of vegetables and fruits. Due to influences from India and China, most Burmese dishes use a much wider variety of ingredients than the Indian or Chinese cuisines.
Ingredients used in Burmese dishes are often fresh. Many fruits are used in conjunction with vegetables in many dishes. The Burmese eat a great variety of vegetables and fruits, and many kinds of meat.
Herbs and spices
Fresh herbs and spices
Dried herbs and spices
Pastes, sauces, and condiments
- Ngapi (စိမ်းစား ငပိ/မျှင်ငပိ) - fermented fish paste
- Fish sauce (ငံပြာရည်)
- Pon ye gyi (ပုန်းရည်ကြီး), a fermented bean paste
- Pe ngapi (ပဲငါးပိ), fermented soybean paste
- Fermented bean sprouts (ပဲတီချဉ်)
- Fermented sesame cake (နှမ်းဖက်ချဉ်)
- Fish paste (ရေကြိုငပိ or ငပိရေကြိုရာတွင်သုံးသော ငပိ)
- Fermented bean cake (ပဲဖက်ချဉ်)
- Shrimp paste, belacan (စိမ်းစားငပိ/မျှင်ငပိ)
- Soy sauce (ပဲငံပြာရည်)
Vegetables
Lentils
Roots
Pickles
- sour fermented bamboo shoot (မျှစ်ချဉ်)
- sour fermented green mango, pressed(သရက်သီးသနပ်/သရက်ချဉ်)
Oils
- Chili oil (ငရုတ်ဆီ)
- Si-Chet (ဆီချက်), toasted peanut oil that is often used to dress salads
- Peanut oil (ပဲဆီ in Burmese pronounced as /pɛ́zì/
- Sesame oil (နှမ်းဆီ in Burmese pronounced as /n̥áɰ̃zi/)
Staple foods and other starches
- Paw hsan hmwe
- Glutinous rice (ကောက်ညှင်း in Burmese pronounced as /kaʊʔɲ̊ɪ́ɰ̃/), purple variety (ငချိတ် in Burmese pronounced as /ŋət͡ɕʰeɪʔ/)
- Rice flour (ဆန်မှုန့် in Burmese pronounced as /sʰã m̥oũʔ/)
- Glutinous rice flour (ကောက်ညှင်းမှုန့်)
- Semolina (ရွှေချီမှုန့်)
Edible fungi
- mushrooms (မှို in Burmese pronounced as /m̥ò/)
- Tree fungi (မှိုခြောက်)
- Wood ear (အဖိုးကြီးနားရွက်)
Fruits and nuts
Meat and poultry
- beef (အမဲသား)
- chicken (ကြက်သား)
- duck (ဘဲသား)
- chicken/duck/quail egg (ကြက်ဥ/ဘဲဥ/ငုံးဥ)
- goat / mutton (ဆိတ်သား/သိုးသား)
- pork (ဝက်သား)
- Venison (အမဲလိုက်ခြင်းမှ ရရှိသော 'တော' ကောင်သား) - game Meat
Fish and seafood
Processed seafood products
- bombay duck (အာပဲ့ခြောက်)
- dried fish (ငါးခြောက် in Burmese pronounced as /ŋa tʃʰauʔ/)
- dried shrimp (ပုစွန်ခြောက် in Burmese pronounced as /bə zũ dʒauʔ/)
- Salted fish (ငါးဆားနယ် or ငါးပိကောင်)
- Ngachin (ငါးချဉ်) - pickled fish, fermented and pressed
- Pickled shrimp (ပုစွန်ချဉ်) - pickled shrimp, fermented and pressed
See also
Notes and References
- Book: Aye, MiMi. 2019-06-13. Bloomsbury Publishing. 978-1-4729-5948-5. en.