List of immunologists explained

This is a list of notable immunologists.

Pioneers

• Edward Jenner (1749-1823), discovered that cowpox induces protection against smallpox
• Louis Pasteur (1822-1895), his experiments confirmed the germ theory of disease, he also created the first vaccine for rabies

Nobel laureates

• 1901 Emil Adolf von Behring (1854-1917), "for his serum therapy to treat diphtheria" (First ever Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)
• 1908 Eli Metchnikoff (1845-1916) and Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915), "for study of the immune system"
• 1919 Jules Bordet (1870-1961), "for discovery of the complement system in the immune system"
• 1930 Karl Landsteiner (1868-1943), "for discovery of human blood types"
• 1960 Peter B. Medawar (1915-1987) and Frank Macfarlane Burnet (1899-1985), "for the discovery that the immune system of the fetus learns how to distinguish between self and non-self"
• 1972 Gerald Maurice Edelman (1929-2014) and Rodney Robert Porter (1917-1985), "for discovering the chemical structure of antibodies"
• 1980 Baruj Benacerraf (1920-2011), Jean Dausset (1916-2009) and George Davis Snell (1903-1996), "for discovery of the Major histocompatibility complex genes which encode cell surface molecules important for the immune system's distinction between self and non-self"
• 1984 Niels Jerne (1911-1994), Georges J. F. Köhler (1946-1995) and César Milstein (1927-2002), "for work on the immune system and the production of monoclonal antibodies"
• 1987 Susumu Tonegawa (1939-), "for discovering how the large diversity of antibodies is produced genetically"
• 1989 J. Michael Bishop (1936-) and Harold E. Varmus (1939-), "for discovering the cellular origins of retroviral oncogenes"
• 1996 Peter C. Doherty (1940-) and Rolf M. Zinkernagel (1944-), "for describing how MHC molecules are used by white blood cells to detect and kill virus-infected cells."
• 2011 Bruce Beutler (1957-), Jules A. Hoffmann (1941-), "for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity" and Ralph Marvin Steinman (1943-2011)"for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity"
• 2018 James P. Allison (1948-) and Tasuku Honjo (1942-), "for their discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation."^[1]

Notable immunologists

• Vital Brazil (1865–1950)
• Alan Aderem, innate immunity
• Akiko Iwasaki (1970-)
• Lorne Babiuk (1946-)
• Mike Belosevic (1951-)
• Kiril Bratanov (1911-1986), pioneer in the area of immunology of reproduction
• William Coley (1862-1936), pioneer of cancer immunotherapy
• Albert Coons (1912-1978), developed immunofluorescent techniques for labelling antibodies
• Max D. Cooper (1933-), identification of T and B cells
• Yehuda Danon (1940-)
• Deborah Doniach (1912-2004), organ-specific auto-immunity
• Eva Engvall (1940-), one of the scientists who invented ELISA in 1971.
• Anthony Fauci (1940-)
  • Denise Faustman (1958-), Type 1 diabetes William Frankland (1912-2020), popularisation of the UK pollen count, and prediction of increased penicillin allergy
    • Ian Frazer (1953-), development of a cervical cancer vaccine Samuel O. Freedman (1928-), discovered Carcinoembryonic antigen Jules T. Freund (1890-1960)
• Sankar Ghosh
• John Grange (1943-2016)
• Waldemar Haffkine (1860-1930), first microbiologist who developed and used vaccines against cholera and bubonic plague.
• Michael Heidelberger (1888-1991), showed that antibodies are proteins
• George Heist (1886-1920)
• Leonard Herzenberg (1931-2013)
• Miroslav Holub (1923-1998)
• Charles Janeway (1943-2003), wrote the standard textbook Immunobiology
• Dermot Kelleher
• Tadamitsu Kishimoto (1939-)
• Jan Klein (1936-), Mhc
• Mary Loveless (1899-1991), insect venom allergy
• Tak Wah Mak (1946-), discovery of the T-cell receptor
• Alberto Mantovani
• Polly Matzinger (1947-), immunological tolerance, Danger Model, Hyppo Model
• Ira Mellman
• Jacques Miller (1931-)
• Avrion Mitchison (1928-)
• Michael Neuberger (1953-2013)
• Evelyn Nicol (1930-2020)
• Alan Munro (1937-)
• Gustav Nossal (1931-)
• Santa J. Ono (1962-)
• Thomas Platts-Mills (1941-), discovered dust-mite allergen and alpha-gal allergy from tick bites
• Nicholas P. Restifo (1960-)
• Ivan Roitt (1927-)
• Jon van Rood (1926-2017), pioneer in the field of HLA and immunogenetics of transplantation, the founder of the international organ exchange organization Eurotransplant
• Mario Rosemblatt (1941-), who established that dendritic cells are responsible for imprinting the tissue-specific homing of T lymphocytes
• Fred Rosen (1930-2005), discovered the cause of X-linked hyper IgM syndrome
• Shimon Sakaguchi (1948-), discovery of regulatory T cells
• Louis W. Sauer (1885-1980), perfected pertussis vaccine, developed diphtheria/p daertussis/tetanus vaccine
• Emil Skamene (1941-)
• Filip Swirski, professor, researcher and scientist, known for novel findings in Linking atherosclerosis with blood monocytosis (1974-)
• David Talmage (1919-2014), clonal selection theory
• James S. Tan (1927-2006)
• Reyes Tamez (1952-)
• Kevin J. Tracey (1957-)
• Jan Vilcek (1933-)
• Ellen Vitetta
• Alexander S. Wiener (1907-1976)
• Don Wiley (1944-2001), crystallography of HLA proteins
• Ian Wilson (biologist)
• Ernst Witebsky (1901-1969), isolation and partial characterization of A and B blood antigens
• Jian Zhou (1957-1999), with co-inventor Ian Frazer has priority for invention of Virus-like particle and HPV vaccine

Immunologists in popular culture

• Allison Cameron, character on the television series House M.D.

References

1. Web site: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2018.