List of immune cells explained

This is a list of immune cells, also known as white blood cells, white cells, leukocytes, or leucocytes. They are cells involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.[1]

!Image!Name!Subtype!Class!Alternate names!Diameter (μm)!Main targets!References
NeutrophilGranulocyteNeutrophil
  • Neutrocytes
  • Heterophils
  • Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
12-15 [2] [3] [4]
EosinophilGranulocyteEosinophil
  • Eosinophiles
  • Acidophils
12-15
BasophilGranulocyteBasophil
  • Basophilic granulocyte
12-15 [5]
Mast cellGranulocyteMast cell
  • Mastocyte
  • Labrocyte
  • Mastocytus
8-20 [6] [7]
MacrophageMonocyteMacrophage
  • Macrophagocytus
  • Mφ
  • MΦ
  • MP
20-21 [8] [9]
HistiocyteMonocyteMacrophage
  • Tissue macrophage
  • Macrophagocytus immobilis
20-21 [10]
Kupffer cellMonocyteMacrophage
  • Stellate macrophages
  • Kupffer–Browicz cells
  • Liver macrophage
  • Macrophagocytus stellatus
20-21 [11]
Alveolar macrophageMonocyteMacrophage
  • Pulmonary macrophage
  • Dust cell
20-21
Dendritic cellMonocyteDendritic cell
  • DC
  • Cellula dendritiformis
10-15 [12] [13]
B cellLymphocyteB cell
  • B lymphocyte
  • Lymphocytus B
8-10
  • Produces antibody molecules
[14]
Plasma cellLymphocyteB cell
  • Plasma B cells
  • Effector B cells
  • Plasmocytus
8-10
  • Active B cells that produces large amounts of antibodies
[15]
Memory B cellLymphocyteB cell
  • MBC
8-10 [16]
Killer T cellLymphocyteT cell
  • T lymphocyte
  • Lymphocytus T
8-10 [17]
Memory T cellLymphocyteT cell
  • MTC
8-10 [18]
T helper cellLymphocyteT cell
  • Th cells
  • CD4+ cells
  • CD4-positive cells
8-10 [19]
Natural killer T cellLymphocyteT cell
  • NKT
6-7 [20] [21]
Innate lymphoid cellLymphocyteInnate lymphoid cell
  • ILC
~6 [22] [23]
Natural killer cellLymphocyteInnate lymphoid cell
  • NK cell
  • Large granular lymphocytes
  • LGL
6-7 [24]

Notes and References

  1. Web site: 2011-02-02 . Leukocyte . 2023-08-25 . National Cancer Institute . U.S. National Institutes of Health . en.
  2. Book: Wheater PR . Functional histology . 1980 . Churchill Livingstone . Internet Archive . 978-0-443-01657-8.
  3. Book: Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P . Table 22-1, Blood Cells . 2002 . https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26884/ . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 4th . 2023-08-27 . Garland Science . en .
  4. Book: Cano RL, Lopera HD . Introduction to T and B lymphocytes . 2013-07-18 . https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26919/table/A4143/ . Autoimmunity: From Bench to Bedside [Internet] . 2023-08-27 . El Rosario University Press . en . Anaya JM, Shoenfeld Y, Rojas-Villarraga A, Levy RA, Cervera R .
  5. Web site: Basophil . 2023-08-11 . Wiktionary, the free dictionary . 2023-08-27 . en.
  6. Schulman ES, Kagey-Sobotka A, MacGlashan DW, Adkinson NF, Peters SP, Schleimer RP, Lichtenstein LM . Heterogeneity of human mast cells . Journal of Immunology . 131 . 4 . 1936–1941 . October 1983 . 6194221 . 10.4049/jimmunol.131.4.1936 . 30353975 . free .
  7. Krystel-Whittemore M, Dileepan KN, Wood JG . Mast Cell: A Multi-Functional Master Cell . Frontiers in Immunology . 6 . 620 . 2016 . 26779180 . 4701915 . 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00620 . free .
  8. Krombach F, Münzing S, Allmeling AM, Gerlach JT, Behr J, Dörger M . Cell size of alveolar macrophages: an interspecies comparison . Environmental Health Perspectives . 105 . Suppl 5 . 1261–1263 . September 1997 . 9400735 . 1470168 . 10.2307/3433544 . 3433544 .
  9. Mahla RS, Kumar A, Tutill HJ, Krishnaji ST, Sathyamoorthy B, Noursadeghi M, Breuer J, Pandey AK, Kumar H . 6 . NIX-mediated mitophagy regulate metabolic reprogramming in phagocytic cells during mycobacterial infection . Tuberculosis . 126 . 102046 . January 2021 . 33421909 . 10.1016/j.tube.2020.102046 . 231437641 .
  10. Cline MJ . Histiocytes and histiocytosis . Blood . 84 . 9 . 2840–53 . November 1994 . 7524755 . 10.1182/blood.V84.9.2840.2840 . free .
  11. Book: Basit H, Tan ML, Webster DR . Histology, Kupffer Cell . 2023 . http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493226/ . StatPearls . 2023-08-25 . Treasure Island (FL) . StatPearls Publishing . 29630278 .
  12. Web site: Cell diameter and total protein of mature den - Mammals - BNID 113239 . 2023-08-27 . bionumbers.hms.harvard.edu . en.
  13. Monga I, Kaur K, Dhanda SK . Revisiting hematopoiesis: applications of the bulk and single-cell transcriptomics dissecting transcriptional heterogeneity in hematopoietic stem cells . Briefings in Functional Genomics . 21 . 3 . 159–176 . May 2022 . 35265979 . 10.1093/bfgp/elac002 .
  14. Book: Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P . B Cells and Antibodies . 2002 . https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26884/ . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 4th . 2023-08-27 . Garland Science . en .
  15. Web site: Plasma cell Description & Antibody Production Britannica . 2023-08-29 . www.britannica.com . en.
  16. Seifert M, Küppers R . Human memory B cells . Leukemia . 30 . 12 . 2283–2292 . December 2016 . 27499139 . 10.1038/leu.2016.226 . 28936531 .
  17. Book: Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P . Helper T Cells and Lymphocyte Activation . 2002 . https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26827/ . Molecular Biology of the Cell . 4th . 2023-08-27 . Garland Science . en .
  18. Book: Rahimi RA, Luster AD . Chemokines: Critical Regulators of Memory T Cell Development, Maintenance, and Function . Advances in Immunology . 138 . 71–98 . 2018 . 29731007 . 6191293 . 10.1016/bs.ai.2018.02.002 . 9780128151884 .
  19. Burren OS, Rubio García A, Javierre BM, Rainbow DB, Cairns J, Cooper NJ, Lambourne JJ, Schofield E, Castro Dopico X, Ferreira RC, Coulson R, Burden F, Rowlston SP, Downes K, Wingett SW, Frontini M, Ouwehand WH, Fraser P, Spivakov M, Todd JA, Wicker LS, Cutler AJ, Wallace C . 6 . Chromosome contacts in activated T cells identify autoimmune disease candidate genes . Genome Biology . 18 . 1 . 165 . September 2017 . 28870212 . 5584004 . 10.1186/s13059-017-1285-0 . free .
  20. Wu L, Van Kaer L . Natural killer T cells in health and disease . Frontiers in Bioscience . 3 . 1 . 236–251 . January 2011 . 21196373 . 3626278 . 10.2741/S148 .
  21. Dickinson AJ, Meyer M, Pawlak EA, Gomez S, Jaspers I, Allbritton NL . Analysis of sphingosine kinase activity in single natural killer cells from peripheral blood . Integrative Biology . 7 . 4 . 392–401 . April 2015 . 25786072 . 4566154 . 10.1039/c5ib00007f .
  22. Spits H, Cupedo T . Innate lymphoid cells: emerging insights in development, lineage relationships, and function . Annual Review of Immunology . 30 . 1 . 647–675 . 2012-04-23 . 22224763 . 10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075053 .
  23. de Lucía Finkel P, Sherwood C, Saranchova I, Xia W, Munro L, Pfeifer CG, Piret JM, Jefferies WA . 6 . Serum free culture for the expansion and study of type 2 innate lymphoid cells . Scientific Reports . 11 . 1 . 12233 . June 2021 . 34112824 . 10.1038/s41598-021-91500-z . 8192527 . 2021NatSR..1112233D .
  24. Vivier E, Raulet DH, Moretta A, Caligiuri MA, Zitvogel L, Lanier LL, Yokoyama WM, Ugolini S . 6 . Innate or adaptive immunity? The example of natural killer cells . Science . 331 . 6013 . 44–49 . January 2011 . 21212348 . 3089969 . 10.1126/science.1198687 . 2011Sci...331...44V .

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