List of ichthyosauromorph type specimens explained

This list of ichthyosauromorph type specimens is a list of fossils serving as the official standard-bearers for inclusion in the species and genera of the reptile clade Ichthyosauromorpha (Hupehsuchia included). Type specimens are those which are definitionally members of biological taxa and additional specimens can only be "referred" to these taxa if an expert deems them sufficiently similar to the type.

The list

SpeciesGenusCatalogue numberInstitutionAgeUnitCountryNotesImage
Acamptonectes densus[1] AcamptonectesGLAHM 132588 (holotype)

SNHM1284-R (paratype)

NHMUK R11185 (paratype)

The Hunterian Museum, University of Glasgow, Glasgow; Staatliches Naturhistorisches Museum Braunschweig; Natural History Museum LondonHauteravian
Actiosaurus gaudryiActiosaurus
Aegirosaurus leptospondylusAegirosaurus
Arthropterygius chrisorum[2] ArthropterygiusCMN 40608Canadian Museum of Nature (Ottawa, Canada)Oxfordian - KimmeridgianCanada
Athabascasaurus bitumineusAthabascasaurusTMP 2000.29.01
Barracudasauroides panxianensisBarracudasauroidesGMPKU-P-1033Geological Museum Peking University (Beijing, China)
Barracudasaurus maotaiensis[3] BarracudasaurusIVPP V 2468Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (Beijing, China)Ladinian?exact age unclear, Middle Triassic
Besanosaurus leptorhyncus[4] BesanosaurusBES SC 999Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Milano (Milan, Italy)Anisian-LadinianGrenzbitumenzone Besano FMItaly
Brachypterygius extremusBrachypterygius
Californosaurus perriniCalifornosaurus
Callawayia neoscapularisCallawayia
Cartorhynchus lenticarpus[5] CartorhynchusAGM CH-628-16Anhui Geological Museum (Hefei, China)Olenekian (Spathian)China
Caypullisaurus bonaparteiCaypullisaurus
Chacaicosaurus cayiChacaicosaurusMOZ 5803
Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis[6] ChaohusaurusAGM AGB7401 (holotype)GMPKU P-3086 (paratype)

AGB 7403 (paratype)

Anhui Geological Museum (Hefei, China); Geological Museum Peking University (Beijing, China)Olenekian (Spathian)Chinapreviously placed under C. chaoxianensis
Chaohusaurus chaoxianensis[7] ChoahusaurusAGM AGB2905Anhui Geological Museum (Hefei, China)Olenekian (Spathian)Chinapreviously referred to genus Anhuisaurus and Chensaurus
Chaohusaurus geishanensisChaohusaurusIVPP V 4001Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (Beijing, China)Olenekian (Spathian)China
Eohupehsuchus brevicollis[8] Eohupehsuchus WGSC 26003Wuhan Centre of Geological Survey China (Wuhan, China)Olenekian (Spathian)China
Eretmorhipis carrolldongi[9] EretmorhipisWGSC 26020Wuhan Centre of Geological Survey China (Wuhan, China)Olenekian (Spathian)Chinasee referred specimens YAGM V 1401 and WGSC V 1601 for skull morphology
Guanlingsaurus liangae[10] Guanlingsaurus GMR 014Geological Survey of Guizhou, Guiyang PRC (collection currently curated by the government of Guanling CountyCarnian
Guizhouichthyosaurus tangae[11] Guizhouichthyosaurus GMR 009Geological Survey of Guizhou, Guiyang PRC (collection currently curated by the government of Guanling CountyCarnian?China
Hudsonelpidia brevirostrisHudsonelpidiaROM 44629
Hupehsuchus nanchangensis[12] Hupehsuchus IVPP V3232Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology (Beijing, China)Olenekian (Spathian)China
Mikadocephalus gracilirostris[13] MikadocephalusGPIT 1793/1Geologisches und Palaeontologisches Institut Tübingen (Tübingen, Germany)Anisian-LadinianGrenzbitumenzone Besano FMItaly
Muiscasaurus cathetiMuiscasaurusCIP-FCG-CBP-74[14] Barremian-AptianPaja FormationColombiaNamed after the Muisca
Nanchangosaurus suni[15] Nanchangosaurus GMC V636Geological Museum of China, BeijingOlenekian (Spathian)China
Parahupehsuchus longus[16] Parahupehsuchus WGSC 26005Wuhan Centre of Geological Survey China (Wuhan, China)Olenekian (Spathian)China
Phantomosaurus neubigi[17] PhantomosaurusBSP 1992 I 39Bayerische Staatssammlung fûr Palaeontologie (Munich, Germany)AnisianGermany
Platypterygius longmani[18] PlatypterygiusQM F2453Queensland Museum (Brisbane, Australia)Australiafirst referred to as Ichthyosaurus australis
Protoichthyosaurus applebyi[19] ProtoichthyosaurusUNM.G.2017.1University of Nottingham Museum (Nottingham, UK)Sinemurian?
Protoichthyosaurus prostaxalis[20] ProtoichthyosaurusBRLSI M3553 (holotype)BRLSI M3555 (paratype)

LEICT G454.1951/164 (paratype)

Bath Royal Literary and Scientific Institution (Bath, UK)Leicester Arts and Museums Service, New Walk Museum and Art Gallery (Leicester, UK)SinemurianUnited Kingdom
Sclerocormus parviceps[21] SclerocormusAGB 6265Anhui Geological Museum (Hefei, China)Olenekian (Spathian)China
Stenopterygius aaleniensis[22] StenopterygiusSMNS 90699Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart (Stuttgart, Germany)AalenianGermany
Stenopterygius quadriscissus[23] StenopterygiusGPIT 43/0219-1 (lectotype)Geologisches und Palaeontologisches Institut Tübingen (Tübingen, Germany)ToarcianGermany
Stenopterygius triscissusStenopterygiusGPIT 12/0224-2Geologisches und Palaeontologisches Institut Tübingen (Tübingen, Germany)ToarcianGermany
Stenopterygius uniterStenopterygiusGPIT 1491/10 (neotype)Geologisches und Palaeontologisches Institut Tübingen (Tübingen, Germany)ToarcianGermany
Suevoleviathan disinteger[24] SuevoleviathanSMNS 15390Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart (Stuttgart, Germany)ToarcianGermanylikely junior synonym of S. integer
Suevoleviathan integerSuevoleviathanMCZ 1042Harvard University Museum of Comparative Zoology (Cambridge, USA)ToarcianGermany
Temnodontosaurus azerguensis[25] TemnodontosaurusMAMSPLP unnumberedMusee des Amis de la Mine (Saint-Pierre La Palud, France)ToarcianFrance
Temnodontosaurus eurycephalusTemnodontosaurusNHMUK R1157Natural History Museum London UKSinemurianUnited Kingdom
Temnodontosaurus nuertingensis[26] TemnodontosaurusSMNS 13488Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart (Stuttgart, Germany)ToarcianGermany
Temnodontosaurus platyodon TemnodontosaurusHettangian - Sinemurian
Temnodontosaurus trigonodonTemnodontosaurusPB 1Petrefaktensammlung Kloster Banz (Bad Staffelstein, Germany)ToarcianGermanyhead is 2,10 m long--biggest in Europe
Utatsusaurus hataii[27] UtatsusaurusIGPS 95941Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Tohoku University, Sendai, JapanOlenekian (Spathian)Japan
Wahlisaurus massarae[28] WahlisaurusLEICT G454.1951.5Leicester Arts and Museums Service, New Walk Museum and Art Gallery (Leicester, UK)Hettangian

See also

Notes and References

  1. Fischer. Valentin. Maisch. Michael W.. Naish. Darren. Kosma. Ralf. Liston. Jeff. Joger. Ulrich. Krüger. Fritz J.. Pérez. Judith Pardo. Tainsh. Jessica. Appleby. Robert M.. 2012-01-03. New ophthalmosaurid ichthyosaurs from the European Lower Cretaceous demonstrate extensive ichthyosaur survival across the Jurassic–Cretaceous boundary. PLOS ONE. 7. 1. e29234. 10.1371/journal.pone.0029234. 22235274. 3250416. 2012PLoSO...729234F. 1932-6203. free.
  2. Maxwell. Erin E.. 2010-03-24. Generic reassignment of an ichthyosaur from the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Northwest Territories, Canada. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30. 2. 403–415. 10.1080/02724631003617944. 2010JVPal..30..403M . 85143039. 0272-4634.
  3. JIANG. DA-YONG. HAO. WEI-CHEN. MAISCH. MICHAEL W.. MATZKE. ANDREAS T.. SUN. YUAN-LIN. A Basal Mixosaurid Ichthyosaur from the Middle Triassic of China. July 2005. Palaeontology. 48. 4. 869–882. 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2005.00481.x. 2005Palgy..48..869J . 130453790 . 0031-0239.
  4. Book: Dal Sasso. Besanosaurus leptorhynchus n. gen. n. sp., a new shastasaurid ichthyosaur from the Middle Triassic of Besano (Lombardy, N. Italy). Pinna. 1996. Società Italiana di scienze naturali. 36891167.
  5. Motani. Ryosuke. Jiang. Da-Yong. Chen. Guan-Bao. Tintori. Andrea. Rieppel. Olivier. Ji. Cheng. Huang. Jian-Dong. 2015-10-28. Erratum: Corrigendum: A basal ichthyosauriform with a short snout from the Lower Triassic of China. Nature. 527. 7579. 544. 10.1038/nature15533. 26524534. 0028-0836. free.
  6. Huang. Jian-dong. Motani. Ryosuke. Jiang. Da-yong. Tintori. Andrea. Rieppel. Olivier. Zhou. Min. Ren. Xin-Xin. Zhang. Rong. 2019-09-09. The new ichthyosauriform Chaohusaurus brevifemoralis (Reptilia, Ichthyosauromorpha) from Majiashan, Chaohu, Anhui Province, China. PeerJ. 7. e7561. 10.7717/peerj.7561. 31565558. 6741286. 2167-8359. free.
  7. Motani. Ryosuke. Jiang. Da-Yong. Tintori. Andrea. Rieppel. Olivier. Chen. Guan-Bao. You. Hailu. 2015-01-02. Status of Chaohusaurus chaoxianensis (Chen, 1985). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. en. 35. 1. e892011. 10.1080/02724634.2014.892011. 2015JVPal..35E2011M . 84863323. 0272-4634.
  8. Chen. Xiao-hong. Motani. Ryosuke. Cheng. Long. Jiang. Da-yong. Rieppel. Olivier. 2014-12-17. A small short-necked hupehsuchian from the Lower Triassic of Hubei Province, China. PLOS ONE. 9. 12. e115244. 10.1371/journal.pone.0115244. 25517113. 4269458. 2014PLoSO...9k5244C. 1932-6203. free.
  9. Chen. Xiao-hong. Motani. Ryosuke. Cheng. Long. Jiang. Da-yong. Rieppel. Olivier. 2015-05-27. A new specimen of Carroll's mystery hupehsuchian from the Lower Triassic of China. PLOS ONE. 10. 5. e0126024. 10.1371/journal.pone.0126024. 26017585. 4446317. 2015PLoSO..1026024C. 1932-6203. free.
  10. Ji. Cheng. Jiang. Da-Yong. Motani. Ryosuke. Hao. Wei-Cheng. Sun. Zuo-Yu. Cai. Tao. March 2013. A new juvenile specimen of Guanlingsaurus (Ichthyosauria, Shastasauridae) from the Upper Triassic of southwestern China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 33. 2. 340–348. 10.1080/02724634.2013.723082. 2013JVPal..33..340J . 83784699. 0272-4634.
  11. Maisch. Michael W.. Pan. Xin-Ru. Sun. Zuo-Yu. Cai. Tao. Zhang. Da-Peng. Xie. Jia-Lin. 2006-09-11. Cranial osteology of Guizhouichthyosaurus tangae (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) from the Upper Triassic of China. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 26. 3. 588–597. 10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[588:coogtr]2.0.co;2. 129117115 . 0272-4634.
  12. Book: Young, C. 1972. Hupehsuchus nanchangensis. Aquatic Reptiles from the Triassic of China . Young CC . Dong ZM . Peking . Academia Sinica. 28–34.
  13. Maisch. Michael W.. Matzke. Andreas T.. 1997-09-01 . Mikadocephalus gracilirostris n. gen., n. sp., a new ichthyosaur from the Grenzbitumenzone (Anisian-Ladinian) of Monte San Giorgio (Switzerland). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. en. 71. 3. 267–289. 10.1007/BF02988496. 1997PalZ...71..267M . 129713553.
  14. http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=334074 Muiscasaurus catheti
  15. Chen. Xiao-hong. Motani. Ryosuke. Cheng. Long. Jiang. Da-yong. Rieppel. Olivier. 2014-07-11. The enigmatic marine reptile Nanchangosaurus from the Lower Triassic of Hubei, China and the phylogenetic affinities of Hupehsuchia. PLOS ONE. 9. 7. e102361. 10.1371/journal.pone.0102361. 25014493. 4094528. 2014PLoSO...9j2361C. 1932-6203. free.
  16. Chen. Xiao-hong. Motani. Ryosuke. Cheng. Long. Jiang. Da-yong. Rieppel. Olivier. 2014-04-09. A Carapace-Like Bony 'Body Tube' in an Early Triassic Marine Reptile and the Onset of Marine Tetrapod Predation. PLOS ONE. 9. 4. e94396. 10.1371/journal.pone.0094396. 24718682. 3981804. 2014PLoSO...994396C. 1932-6203. free.
  17. Book: Sander, P. Martin . Ancient Marine Reptiles . The paleobiogeography of Shastasaurus . 1997 . 17–43. Elsevier. 10.1016/b978-012155210-7/50004-1. 978-0-12-155210-7.
  18. Kear. Benjamin P.. 2005-12-01. Cranial morphology of Platypterygius longmani Wade, 1990 (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous of Australia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. en. 145. 4. 583–622. 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2005.00199.x. free.
  19. Lomax. Dean R.. Massare. Judy A.. 2018. A second specimen of Protoichthyosaurus applebyi (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) and additional information on the genus and species . Paludicola. 11. 164–178.
  20. Lomax. Porro. Larkin. 2019. Descriptive anatomy of the largest known specimen of Protoichthyosaurus prostaxalis (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) including computed tomography and digital reconstruction of a three-dimensional skull. PeerJ. 7. e6112. 10.7287/peerj.6112v0.1/reviews/3. 30643690. 6329338. free.
  21. Jiang. Da-Yong. Motani. Ryosuke. Huang. Jian-Dong. Tintori. Andrea. Hu. Yuan-Chao. Rieppel. Olivier. Fraser. Nicholas C.. Ji. Cheng. Kelley. Neil P.. Fu. Wan-Lu. Zhang. Rong. 2016-05-23. A large aberrant stem ichthyosauriform indicating early rise and demise of ichthyosauromorphs in the wake of the end-Permian extinction. Scientific Reports. en. 6. 1. 26232. 10.1038/srep26232. 27211319. 4876504. 2016NatSR...626232J. free.
  22. Maxwell. Erin E.. Fernández. Marta S.. Schoch. Rainer R.. 2012-08-01. First Diagnostic Marine Reptile Remains from the Aalenian (Middle Jurassic): A New Ichthyosaur from Southwestern Germany. PLOS ONE. en. 7. 8. e41692. 10.1371/journal.pone.0041692. 3411580. 22870244. 2012PLoSO...741692M. free.
  23. Maxwell. Erin E.. January 2012. New metrics to differentiate species of Stenopterygius (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria) from the Lower Jurassic of southwestern Germany. Journal of Paleontology. en. 86. 1. 105–115. 10.1666/11-038.1. 130298530.
  24. Maxwell. Erin E.. 2018-03-04. Redescription of the 'lost' holotype of Suevoleviathan integer (Bronn, 1844) (Reptilia: Ichthyosauria). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology . 38. 2. e1439833. 10.1080/02724634.2018.1439833. 2018JVPal..38E9833M . 91013635.
  25. MARTIN. JEREMY E.. FISCHER. VALENTIN. VINCENT. PEGGY. SUAN. GUILLAUME. September 2012. A longirostrine Temnodontosaurus (Ichthyosauria) with comments on Early Jurassic ichthyosaur niche partitioning and disparity. Palaeontology. 55. 5. 995–1005. 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2012.01159.x. 2012Palgy..55..995M . 0031-0239. free.
  26. Book: Maisch . Michael W. . Revision of Temnodontosaurus nuertingensis (v. HUENE, 1931), a large ichthyosaur from the Lower Pliensbachian (Lower Jurassic) of Nürtingen, South Western Germany . Hungerbuehler . Axel . 174427755.
  27. Motani. Ryosuke. Minoura. Nachio. Ando. Tatsuro. May 1998. Ichthyosaurian relationships illuminated by new primitive skeletons from Japan. Nature. 393. 6682. 255–257. 10.1038/30473. 1998Natur.393..255M. 4416186. 0028-0836.
  28. Lomax. Dean R.. Evans. Mark. Carpenter. Simon. 2018-02-05. An ichthyosaur from the UK Triassic-Jurassic boundary: A second specimen of the leptonectid ichthyosaur Wahlisaurus massarae Lomax 2016. Geological Journal. 54. 1. 83–90. 10.1002/gj.3155. 0072-1050. free. 2019GeolJ..54...83L .

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "List of ichthyosauromorph type specimens".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.