List of heads of state of Myanmar explained

Konbaung (1752–1885)

NameImageReign FromReign UntilRelationship with predecessor(s)
Alaungpaya29 February 175211 May 1760Founder
Naungdawgyi11 May 176028 November 1763Eldest Son of Alaungpaya
Hsinbyushin28 November 176310 June 1776Brother of Naungdawgyi and Second eldest son of Alaungpaya
Singu10 June 17766 February 1782Son of Hsinbyushin
Phaungka6 February 178211 February 1782Son of Naungdawgyi and cousin brother of Singu
Bodawpaya11 February 17825 June 1819Uncle; Alaungpaya's fourth son
Bagyidaw5 June 181915 April 1837Grandson of Bodawpaya
Tharrawaddy15 April 183717 November 1846Brother of Bagyidaw and grandson of Bodawpaya
Pagan17 November 184618 February 1853Son of Tharrawaddy Min
Mindon18 February 18531 October 1878Half Brother of Pagan Min (son of Tharrawaddy Min)
Thibaw1 October 187829 November 1885Son of Mindon Min

British rule in Burma

width=10% Portraitwidth=10% Namewidth=10% Consortwidth=20% Lifespanwidth=20% Reignwidth=20% Imperial Durbarwidth=20% House
VictoriaNone24 May 1819 – 22 January 19011 May 1876 – 22 January 19011 January 1877
(represented by Lord Lytton)		House of Hanover
Edward VIIAlexandra of Denmark9 November 1841 – 6 May 191022 January 1901 – 6 May 19101 January 1903
(represented by Lord Curzon of Kedleston)		House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
George VMary of Teck3 June 1865 – 20 January 19366 May 1910 – 20 January 193612 December 1911House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

House of Windsor
Edward VIIINone23 June 1894 – 28 May 197220 January 1936 – 11 December 1936NoneHouse of Windsor
George VIElizabeth Bowes-Lyon14 December 1895 – 6 February 195211 December 1936 – 22 June 1948NoneHouse of Windsor

Commissioners and Governors

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Tenurewidth=60pxPortraitIncumbentNotes
British Burma
31 January 1862 to 16 February 1867Arthur Purves Phayre,
Chief Commissioner		Arakan, Tenasserim, and Pegu are united as British ("Lower") Burma (within British India)
16 February 1867 to 18 April 1871Albert Fytche,
Chief Commissioner
18 April 1871 to 14 April 1875Ashley Eden,
Chief Commissioner
14 April 1875 to 30 March 1878Augustus Rivers Thompson,
Chief Commissioner		Acting until 30 April 1877
30 March 1878 to 2 July 1880Charles Umpherston Aitchison,
Chief Commissioner
2 July 1880 to 2 March 1883Charles Bernard,
Chief Commissioner		Acting until 4 April 1882, 1st time
2 March 1883 to 25 September 1886Sir Charles Haukes Todd Crosthwaite,
Chief Commissioner		Acting until 28 February 1884, 1st time. On 1 January 1886, as a result of the Third Anglo-Burmese War, remnant of Kingdom of Awa ("Upper Burma") annexed to British Burma (within British India). On 26 February 1886, Upper and Lower Burma united as Burma (within British India)
25 September 1886 to 12 March 1887Charles Edward Bernard,
Chief Commissioner		2nd time
12 March 1887 to 10 December 1890Sir Charles Haukes Todd Crosthwaite,
Chief Commissioner		2nd time
10 December 1890 to 3 April 1895Alexander Mackenzie,
Chief Commissioner
3 April 1895 to 1 May 1897Frederick William Richards Fryer,
Chief Commissioner
1 May 1897 to 4 April 1903Frederick William Richards Fryer,
Lieutenant Governor
4 April 1903 to 9 May 1905Sir Hugh Shakespear Barnes,
Lieutenant Governor
9 May 1905 to 19 May 1910Sir Herbert Thirkell White,
Lieutenant Governor
19 May 1910 to 28 October 1915Sir Harvey Adamson,
Lieutenant Governor
15 May 1913 to 1 November 1913Sir George Shaw,
acting Lieutenant Governor		Acting for Adamson
28 October 1915 to 22 September 1917Sir Spencer Harcourt Butler,
Lieutenant Governor		1st time
22 September 1917 to 15 February 1918Walter Francis Rice,
acting Lieutenant Governor
15 February 1918 to 21 December 1922Sir Reginald Henry Craddock,
Lieutenant Governor
21 December 1922 to 2 January 1923Sir Spencer Harcourt Butler,
Lieutenant Governor		2nd time
2 January 1923 to 20 December 1927Sir Spencer Harcourt Butler,
Governor
20 December 1927 to 20 December 1932Sir Charles Alexander Innes,
Governor
20 December 1932 to 8 May 1936Sir Hugh Landsdowne Stephenson,
Governor
8 May 1936 to 6 May 1941Sir Archibald Douglas Cochrane,
Governor		On 1 April 1937, Burma separated from British India, as for provided for in the Government of India Act 1935
6 May 1941 to 31 August 1946Sir Reginald Hugh Dorman-Smith,
Governor		From May 1942 until October 1945 in exile at Shimla, British India
Japanese Occupation of British Burma
20 April 1942 to 18 March 1943Shōjirō Iida,
Military commander		Commander of the 15th Army
18 March 1943 to 30 August 1944Masakazu Kawabe,
Military commander		Commander of the Japanese Burma Area Army
30 August 1944 to 15 August 1945Heitarō Kimura,
Military Commander
Allied military administration
1 January 1944 to October 1945Actg. Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten,
Military Governor		Supreme Allied Commander, South East Asia Command
October 1945 to 31 August 1946Major general Sir Hubert Elvin Rance,
Military governor
British Burma
31 August 1946 to 4 January 1948Sir Hubert Elvin Rance,
Governor
4 January 1948Burma gains independence as Union of Burma, as provided for in the Burma Independence Act 1947 and the Burmese Declaration of Independence

Japanese occupation of Burma

Japanese Superintendents (1942–1945)

NName
Term of office
Took officeLeft office
1
Yoshio Nasu (1897 —1993)		194224 July 1942
2Haruki Isayama  
(1894 —1990)		26 July 19421942
3
Eitarō Naka(1893 —1969)		19 August 194218 September 1943
4Gōtarō Ogawa  (1876 —1945)19431945

Saharat Thai Doem Authorities

Thai Military governor in Kengtung and Möngpan

Chairmen of the Burma (1937–1948)

NPortraitName
Term of office
Took officeLeft office
1Ba Maw
19371939
2
Maung Pu		19391940
3
U Saw		19401942
4
Aung San		19431943
5Ba Maw19431945
6Sir Paw Tun19451945
7Tun Oke19451946
8Sir Paw Tun19461947
9Aung San 19471948
10U Nu19481948

Presidents of Burma/Myanmar (1948–1974)

See main article: article and List of presidents of Myanmar. (Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Union of Burma (1948–1974)

Name
PictureTook officeLeft officeTime in officePolitical Party
Presidents of the Union
1align=center Sao Shwe Thaik
align=center align=center 4 January 1948align=center 16 March 1952align=center align=center Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
2align=center Ba U
align=center align=center 16 March 1952align=center 13 March 1957align=center align=center Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
3align=center Win Maung
align=center align=center 13 March 1957align=center 2 March 1962[1] align=center align=center Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League
Chairman of the Union Revolutionary Council
—align=center Ne Win
align=center align=center 2 March 1962align=center 2 March 1974align=center align=center Military /
Burma Socialist Programme Party

Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma (1974–1988)

Presidents of the Republic
4align=center Ne Win
align=center align=center 2 March 1974align=center 9 November 1981[2] align=center align=center Burma Socialist Programme Party
5align=center San Yu
align=center align=center 9 November 1981align=center 27 July 1988[3] align=center align=center Burma Socialist Programme Party
6align=center Sein Lwin
align=center align=center 27 July 1988align=center 12 August 1988align=center align=center Burma Socialist Programme Party
—align=center Aye Ko

align=center align=center 12 August 1988align=center 19 August 1988align=center align=center Burma Socialist Programme Party
7align=center Maung Maung
align=center align=center 19 August 1988align=center 18 September 1988[4] align=center align=center Burma Socialist Programme Party

Union of Burma/Myanmar (1988–2011)

Chairmen of the State Law and Order Restoration Council
—align=center Saw Maung
align=center align=center 18 September 1988align=center 23 April 1992[5] align=center align=center Military
—align=center Than Shwe
align=center align=center 23 April 1992align=center 15 November 1997align=center align=center Military
Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council
align=center Than Shwe
align=center align=center 15 November 1997align=center 30 March 2011[6] align=center align=center Military

Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2011–2021)

Presidents of the Republic
8align=center Thein Sein
align=center align=center 30 March 2011align=center 30 March 2016align=center align=center Union Solidarity and Development Party
9align=center Htin Kyaw
align=center align=center 30 March 2016align=center 21 March 2018align=center align=center National League for Democracy
—align=center Myint Swe

align=center align=center 21 March 2018align=center 30 March 2018align=center align=center Union Solidarity and Development Party
10align=center Win Myint
align=center align=center 30 March 2018align=center Incumbentalign=center align=center National League for Democracy

Chairmen of the Burma Socialist Programme Party (1962–1988)

Name
PictureTook officeLeft officeTime in officeNotes
1align=center Ne Win
align=center align=center 4 July 1962align=center 23 July 1988align=center align=center Also Chairman of the Union Revolutionary Council (1962–1974), Prime Minister (1962–1974) and President (1974–1981).
2align=center Sein Lwin
align=center align=center 26 July 1988align=center 12 August 1988align=center align=center Also President (1988).
3align=center Maung Maung
align=center align=center 19 August 1988align=center 18 September 1988align=center align=center Also President (1988).

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Deposed in the 1962 coup d'état
  2. Resigned
  3. Resigned during the 8888 Uprising
  4. Deposed in a coup d'état during the 8888 Uprising
  5. Removed from office due to ill health
  6. Handed over power to the civilian government after the 2010 general election

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