List of fully civilian crewed orbital spaceflights explained

Following the definition that a civilian is someone who is not part of their country's armed forces, there have been a total of 25 fully civilian crewed orbital space missions, listed below:^{[1] [2]}

List

No.	Mission^[3] / Emblem	Spacecraft	Date of launch	Date of landing	Crew	Station	Outcome
1	Soyuz TMA-3	Soyuz TMA 11F732A17 #213	18 October 2003	30 April 2004	Alexander Kaleri / Michael Foale Pedro Duque	International Space Station
2	Soyuz TMA-03M	Soyuz TMA-M 11F732A47 #703	21 December 2011	1 July 2012	Oleg Kononenko André Kuipers Donald Pettit	International Space Station
3	Soyuz TMA-07M	Soyuz TMA-M 11F732A47 #704A	19 December 2012	14 May 2013	Roman Romanenko Chris Hadfield Thomas Marshburn	International Space Station
4	Soyuz TMA-11M	Soyuz TMA-M 11F732A47 #711	7 November 2013	14 May 2014	Mikhail Tyurin Richard Mastracchio Koichi Wakata	International Space Station
5	Soyuz TMA-17M	Soyuz TMA-M 11F732A47 #717	23 July 2015	11 December 2015	Oleg Kononenko Kimiya Yui Kjell Lindgren	International Space Station
6	Soyuz TMA-20M	Soyuz TMA-M 11F732A47 #720	19 March 2016	6 September 2016	Aleksey Ovchinin Oleg Skripochka Jeffrey Williams	International Space Station
7	Soyuz MS-01	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #731	7 July 2016	30 October 2016	Anatoli Ivanishin Takuya Onishi Kathleen Rubins	International Space Station
8	Soyuz MS-03	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #733	17 November 2016	2 June 2017	Oleg Novitskiy Thomas Pesquet Peggy A. Whitson	International Space Station
9	Soyuz MS-05	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #736	28 July 2017	14 December 2017	Sergey Ryazansky Paolo Nespoli Randolph Bresnik	International Space Station
10	Soyuz MS-06	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #734	12 September 2017	28 February 2018	Alexander Misurkin Joseph Acaba Mark Vande Hei	International Space Station
11	Soyuz MS-08	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #738	21 March 2018	4 October 2018	Oleg Artemyev Richard Arnold Andrew Feustel	International Space Station
12	Soyuz MS-09	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #739	6 June 2018	20 December 2018	Sergey Prokopyev Serena Auñón-Chancellor Alexander Gerst	International Space Station
13	Soyuz MS-17	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #747	14 October 2020	17 April 2021	Sergey Ryzhikov Sergey Kud-Sverchkov Kathleen Rubins	International Space Station
14	Soyuz MS-18	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #748	9 April 2021	17 October 2021	Oleg Novitsky Pyotr Dubrov Mark T. Vande Hei	International Space Station
15	SpaceX Crew-2	Crew Dragon Endeavour C206.1	23 April 2021	9 November 2021	Shane Kimbrough K. Megan McArthur Akihiko Hoshide Thomas Pesquet	International Space Station
16	Inspiration4	Crew Dragon Resilience C207.2	16 September 2021	18 September 2021	Jared Isaacman Sian Proctor Hayley Arceneaux Christopher Sembroski	Low Earth orbit
17	Soyuz MS-19	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #749	5 October 2021	30 March 2022	Anton Shkaplerov Klim Shipenko Yulia Peresild	International Space Station
18	SpaceX Crew-3	Crew Dragon Endurance C210.1	11 November 2021	6 May 2022	Raja Chari Thomas Marshburn Matthias Maurer Kayla Barron	International Space Station
19	Soyuz MS-20	Soyuz MS 11F732A48 #752	8 December 2021	20 December 2021	Aleksandr Misurkin Yusaku Maezawa Yozo Hirano	International Space Station
20	Soyuz MS-21	Soyuz MS 11F732 #750	18 March 2022	29 September 2022	Oleg Artemyev Denis Matveev Sergey Korsakov	International Space Station
21	Axiom Mission 1	Dragon 2 Endeavour (C206.3)	8 April 2022	15 April 2022	/ Michael López-Alegría Larry Connor Mark Pathy Eytan Stibbe	International Space Station
22	SpaceX Crew-4	Dragon 2 Freedom (C212.1)	27 April 2022	14 October 2022	Kjell N. Lindgren Robert Hines Samantha Cristoforetti Jessica Watkins	International Space Station
23	SpaceX Crew-6	Dragon 2 Endeavour (C206.4)	2 March 2023	4 September 2023	Stephen Bowen Warren Hoburg Sultan Al Neyadi Andrey Fedyaev	International Space Station
24	Soyuz MS-24	Soyuz MS 11F732 #755	15 September 2023	6 April 2024	Oleg Kononenko Nikolai Chub Loral O'Hara	International Space Station
25	Soyuz MS-25	Soyuz MS 11F732 #756	23 March 2024	25 September 2024	Oleg Novitsky Marina Vasilevskaya Tracy Caldwell-Dyson	International Space Station

See also

• List of Soyuz missions
• List of human spaceflights
• List of fully civilian crewed suborbital spaceflights
• Timeline of private spaceflight

Notes and References

1. Web site: Crew Dragon has flown four more people—all private citizens—into space. 2021-09-15. 2021-09-19.
2. planet4589 . Jonathan McDowell . 1436122672178647041 . 2021-09-09 . Soyuz TMA-3, TMA-3M, TMA-7M, TMA-11M, TMA-17M, TMA-20M, Soyuz MS-01, MS-03, MS-05, MS-06, MS-08, MS-09, MS-17, MS-18 and SpaceX Crew-2. As well as 13 all-civilian suborbital space flights..
3. Web site: Jonathan's Space Report Human Spaceflight: Rides. Jonathan McDowell. 2023-03-02. 2023-03-02.