List of freshwater fishes of Maryland explained

This is a list of freshwater fish living wild in the US state of Maryland.

Bowfin (Amiidae)

• Bowfin (Amia calva)

Catfishes (Ictaluridae)

• White catfish (Ameiurus catus)
• Yellow bullhead (Ameiurus natalis)
• Brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus)
• Blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus)
• Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)
• Stonecat (Noturus flavus)
• Tadpole madtom (Noturus gyrinus)
• Margined madtom (Noturus insignis)
• Flathead catfish (Pylodictis olivaris)

Eels (Anguillidae)

• American eel (Anguilla rostrata)

Gars (Lepisosteidae)

• Longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus)

Herrings (Clupeidae)

• Blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis)
• Hickory shad (Alosa mediocris)
• Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)
• American shad (Alosa sapidissima)
• Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum)
• Threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense)

Killifishes (Fundulidae)

• Banded killifish (Fundulus diaphanus)
• Mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus)
• Spotfin killifish (Fundulus luciae)
• Striped killifish (Fundulus majalis)
• Rainwater killifish (Lucania parva)

Lampreys (Petromyzontidae)

• Least brook lamprey (Lampetra aepyptera)
• American brook lamprey (Lampetra appendix)
• Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

Lotids (Lotidae)

• Burbot (Lota lota)

Minnows (Cyprinidae)

• Central stoneroller (Campostoma anomalum)
• Goldfish (Carassius auratus) (introduced)
• Koi (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) (introduced)
• Redside dace (Clinostomus elongatus)
• Rosyside dace (Clinostomus funduloides)
• Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)
• Satinfin shiner (Cyprinella analostana)
• Spotfin shiner (Cyprinella spiloptera)
• Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
• Cutlips minnow (Exoglossum maxillingua)
• Eastern silvery minnow (Hybognathus regius)
• Striped shiner (Luxilus chrysocephalus)
• Common shiner (Luxilus cornutus)
• Allegheny pearl dace (Margariscus margarita)
• River chub (Nocomis micropogon)
• Golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas)
• Comely shiner (Notropis amoenus)
• Emerald shiner (Notropis atherinoides)
• Bridle shiner (Notropis bifrenatus)
• Silverjaw minnow (Notropis buccatus)
• Ironcolor shiner (Notropis chalybaeus)
• Spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius)
• Swallowtail shiner (Notropis procne)
• Rosyface shiner (Notropis rubellus)
• Cheat minnow (Pararhinichthys bowersi)
• Bluntnose minnow (Pimephales notatus)
• Fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas)
• Eastern blacknose dace (Rhinichthys atratulus)
• Longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae)
• Common rudd (Scardinius erythropthalmus) (introduced)
• Creek chub (Semotilus atromaculatus)
• Fallfish (Semotilus corporalis)
• Tench (Tinca tinca) (introduced)

Mudminnows (Umbridae)

• Eastern mudminnow (Umbra pygmaea)

Perches (Percidae)

• Greenside darter (Etheostoma blennioides)
• Rainbow darter (Etheostoma caeruleum)
• Fantail darter (Etheostoma flabellare)
• Swamp darter (Etheostoma fusiforme)
• Johnny darter (Etheostoma nigrum)
• Tessellated darter (Etheostoma olmstedi)
• Maryland darter (Etheostoma sellare)
• Glassy darter (Etheostoma vitreum)
• Banded darter (Etheostoma zonale)
• Yellow perch (Perca flavescens)
• Common logperch (Percina caprodes)
• Stripeback darter (Percina notogramma)
• Shield darter (Percina peltata)
• Walleye (Sander vitreum) (introduced)

Percopsids (Percopsidae)

• Trout-perch (Percopsis omiscomaycus)

Pikes (Esocidae)

• Redfin pickerel (Esox americanus)
• Northern pike (Esox lucius)
• Muskellunge (Esox masquinongy)
• Tiger muskellunge (Esox masquinongy X Esox lucius)
• Chain pickerel (Esox niger)

Pirate perch (Aphredoderidae)

• Pirate perch (Aphredoderus sayanus)

Poeciliids (Poeciliidae)

• Eastern mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki)

Pupfish (Cyprinodontidae)

• Sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus)

Sculpins (Cottidae)

• Mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdii)
• Blue Ridge sculpin (Cottus caeruleomentum)

Silversides (Atherinopsidae)

• Rough silverside (Membras martinica)
• Inland silverside (Menidia beryllina)
• Atlantic silverside (Menidia menidia)

Smelts (Osmeridae)

• Rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax)

Snakeheads (Channidae)

• Northern snakehead (introduced)

Sticklebacks (Gasterosteidae)

• Fourspine stickleback (Apeltes quadracus)
• Brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans)
• Threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus)

Sturgeons (Acipenseridae)

• Shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum)
• Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrhinchus)

Suckers (Catostomidae)

• Quillback (Carpiodes cyprinus)
• Longnose sucker (Catostomus catostomus)
• White sucker (Catostomus commersoni)
• Creek chubsucker (Erimyzon oblongus)
• Northern hogsucker (Hypentelium nigricans)
• Golden redhorse (Moxostoma erythrurum)
• Shorthead redhorse (Moxostoma macrolepidotum)

Sunfishes (Centrarchidae)

• Mud sunfish (Acantharcus pomotis)
• Rock bass (Amblopites rupestris)
• Flier (Centrarchus macropterus)
• Blackbanded sunfish (Enneacanthus chaetodon)
• Bluespotted sunfish (Enneacanthus gloriosus)
• Banded sunfish (Enneacanthus obesus)
• Redbreast sunfish (Lepomis auritus)
• Green sunfish (Lepomis cyanellus)
• Pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus)
• Pumpkingill (Lepomis gibbosus x macrochirus)
• Warmouth (Lepomis gulosus)
• Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus)
• Greengill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus x cyanellus)
• Longear sunfish (Lepomis megalotis)
• Redear sunfish (Lepomis microlophus)
• Smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu)
• Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
• White crappie (Pomoxis annularis)
• Black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus)

Temperate basses (Moronidae)

• White perch (Morone americana)
• Striped bass (Morone saxatilis)

Trout and whitefish (Salmonidae)

• Cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki)
• Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
• Brown trout (Salmo trutta)
• Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)
• Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
• Lake herring (Coregonus artedi)

References

• Dnr.state.md: Fish key of native species