List of fortifications in Georgia (country) explained

There are over 100 castles and forts in Georgia, which were constructed between the years 800 and 1700 by various provincial kings. The castles and forts have long been abandoned, but most are still standing, and some are preserved by the United Nations.[1] [2]

The earliest castle in Georgia was the Ananuri castle, which was built in the period from 1200–1249. The Ananuri castle consisted of two castles with a big curtain wall surrounding them. It was the seat of the dukes of the Duchy of Aragvi, which was one of multiple feudal dynasties during the period.[3]

The last castle to be built in Georgia was the Rabati Castle, which was built between 1250 and 1299. The original town was built from 700–800, with the castle being built in the 1260s. From the 1260s to the 1340s, the castle and the surrounding town were the capital cities of the province of Samtskhe-Saatabago, which was ruled by the House of Jaqeli.[4]

The forts of Georgia lie in varying states of ruin. The oldest was built in the 9th century, while some were built as late as the 17th century. While many still stand, most have been heavily damaged by various causes.

Citadel Tbilisi

Tbilisi

Castles

Castles in Georgia
- valign="top"Castle nameLocationTime builtNotesReference
align=center Ananurialign=center On the Aragvi river, 72km (45miles) from Tbilisialign=center 1200–1249align=center align=center [5]
align=center Rabati Castlealign=center At the town of Akhaltsikhe, Georgiaalign=center 1250–1300align=center Originally called Lomisa Castle before the Ottoman conquest.[6] align=center [7]

Forts and fortresses

Forts and fortresses in Georgia
Fort nameLocationTime builtNotesReference
align=center Atskuri Fortressalign=center 30km (20miles) from Borjomialign=center 900–999align=center align=center [8]
align=center Bakhtrionialign=center Kakheti region, left bank of the Alazani riveralign=center 1650salign=center align=center [9]
align=center Birtvisialign=center Tetritsqaro Municipalityalign=center 1038align=center align=center [10]
align=center Gagi Fortressalign=center near the town of Marneulialign=center unknownalign=center align=center
align=center Gori Fortressalign=center Overlooking the city of Gorialign=center 1200–1299align=center align=center [11]
align=center Gremialign=center Kakheti region, 175km (109miles) from Tbilisialign=center 1600–1699align=center align=center [12]
align=center Keseloalign=center Tusheti region, overlooking the village of Omaloalign=center 1230salign=center align=center
align=center Khertvisi Fortressalign=center Meskheti regionalign=center 1354align=center align=center
align=center Mutsoalign=center Khevsureti region, right bank of the Andakistskali riveralign=center unknownalign=center align=center
align=center Narikalaalign=center Tbilisialign=center 300–399align=center align=center
align=center Agarani Fortressalign=center Near Kojori, Tbilisialign=center align=center also known as Kojori Fortress, Azeuli Fortress or Kor Ogli Fortressalign=center
align=center Redoubt Kalialign=center 10 miles north of Potialign=center 1807align=center align=center [13]
align=center Surami Fortressalign=center Suramialign=center 1170salign=center align=center
align=center Tmogvialign=center Left bank of the Kura riveralign=center 800–899align=center align=center [14]

References

Bibliography

Web sources

Notes and References

  1. Rosen, p. 99.
  2. Noble & Kohn & Systermans, p. 113.
  3. Rosen, p. 100.
  4. Noble & Kohn & Systermans, pp. 115–118
  5. Rose, p. 101.
  6. Anonymous, p. 91.
  7. Noble & Kohn & Systermans, p. 120.
  8. Atskuri (2012)
  9. Kurtsikidze, Shorena and Chikovani, Vakhtang (2002), "Georgia's Pankisi Gorge: An Ethnographic Survey" . Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies Working Paper Series, pp. 30–31.
  10. [Robert W. Thomson|Thomson, Robert W.]
  11. "Georgia", in Encyclopædia metropolitana; or, Universal dictionary of knowledge, ed. by E. Smedley, Hugh J. Rose and Henry J. Rose (1845), p. 532.
  12. Кавказский этнографический сборник – Том 6 – Страница 264 / Изд-во Академии наук СССР, 1976
  13. Wood (2007)
  14. Book: Karapetian, Samvel . Samvel Karapetyan (author)

    . Javakhk . 2011 . . Yerevan . 978-99941-875-7-7 . 192–204 . Samvel Karapetyan (author).

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