List of former equipment of the Iraqi Ground Forces explained

The following is a list of former equipment used by the Iraqi Ground Forces. For a list of current equipment, please see List of current equipment of the Iraqi Ground Forces.

For a list of Former Iraqi Air Force equipment, please see Former Iraqi Air Force equipment.

Pre-1958 equipment

Small arms

Light machine guns

Name	Country of origin
Bren light machine gun
Lewis gun

Rocket launchers

Tanks and tankettes

Name	Country of origin


Cruiser A15 Crusader Mk I	United Kingdom
	United Kingdom
	United States
	United Kingdom
	United Kingdom

Аrmored cars

Name	Country of origin
	United Kingdom
Indian Pattern Wheeled Carrier	United Kingdom
Unknown armored car
Crossley India Pattern	United Kingdom
	United Kingdom
	United Kingdom
Ferret Mk 1/1	United Kingdom

Cars

Country of Name	Country of Origin
Land Rover Series I LWB	United Kingdom



	United Kingdom

Trucks

Country of Name	Country of Origin
Chevrolet C15

AEC Militant Mk.1	United Kingdom

Tractors

Name	Country of origin

Ford FGT

Thornycroft Antar MK.2	United Kingdom

Howitzers

Country of Name	Country of Origin
	United Kingdom
Ordnance QF 18-pounder Mark IV	United Kingdom
Ordnance QF 18-pounder Mk I	United Kingdom
Ordnance QF 18-pounder Mk II	United Kingdom
QF 25-pounder field gun Mk I	United Kingdom
QF 25-pounder field gun Mk II	United Kingdom
	United Kingdom

Mortars

1958–2003 equipment

Small arms

Handguns

Name	Country of Origin	Caliber	Notes
TT-33		7.62×25mm Tokarev
Type 51		7.62×25mm Tokarev	Chinese copy of the Tokarev TT.
Makarov PM		9×18mm Makarov
Beretta M1951		9×19mm Parabellum
Tariq pistol	Iraq	9×19mm Parabellum	Licensed copy of the Beretta M1951.
Browning Hi-Power	Belgium	9×19mm Parabellum
CZ-75		9×19mm Parabellum

Assault rifles

Name	Country of Origin	Caliber	Notes
AK-47		7.62×39mm
AKM		7.62×39mm
MPi-KMS-72^[1]		7.62×39mm
AK-63		7.62×39mm
Type 56		7.62×39mm
vz. 58		7.62×39mm
PM md. 63/65^[2]	Romania	7.62×39mm
Zastava M70		7.62×39mm	M70AB folding stock variant used.
Tabuk 7.62mm assault rifle	Iraq	7.62×39mm	Locally produced copy of the AKM, it can fire rifle grenades.
Tabuk 5.56mm assault rifle	Iraq	5.56×45mm NATO	Locally produced copy of the AKM or AKMS, presumed to fire the M193 cartridge.

Rifles

Name	Country of origin	Caliber	Notes
SKS		7.62×39mm
Zastava M59/66		7.62×39mm

Machine guns

Name	Country of origin	Type	Caliber	Notes
RPD		Light machine gun	7.62×39mm
RPK		Light machine gun	7.62×39mm
Zastava M72		Light machine gun	7.62×39mm
Al-Quds	Iraq	Light machine gun	7.62×39mm	Locally produced copy of the Zastava M72.
SG-43 Goryunov		Medium machine gun	7.62×54mmR	SGM variant used.
PK machine gun		General-purpose machine gun	7.62×54mmR
FN MAG		General-purpose machine gun	7.62×51mm NATO
AA-52		General-purpose machine gun	7.62×51mm NATO
DShK		Heavy machine gun	12.7×108mm	DShK 1938 and 38/46 models used.
KPV		Heavy machine gun	14.5×114mm

Sniper rifles

Name	Country of Origin	Caliber	Notes
Dragunov SVD		7.62×54mmR
Al-Kadisa	Iraq	7.62×54mmR	Locally produced copy of the SVD.
Tabuk	Iraq	7.62×39mm	Licensed copy of the Zastava M70B1.

Hand grenades

Name	Country of Origin	Type	Notes
RG-42		Fragmentation grenade
F1		Fragmentation grenade
RGD-5		Fragmentation grenade
RGO-78	Bulgaria	Fragmentation grenade	Bulgarian copy of the RGD-5.
RKG-3		Anti-tank grenade
No. 2 Grenade		Offensive grenade	Egyptian copy of the Czechoslovak RG-4 grenade.

Rocket launchers

Name	Country of Origin	Notes
RPG-7
Al-Nassira	Iraq	Locally produced copy of the RPG-7.^[3]

Grenade launchers

Name	Country of origin
GP-25
AGS-17

Recoilless guns

Name	Country of origin
SPG-9
M40A1

Anti-tank missiles

Name	Type	Notes
AT-1 Snapper	MCLOS
AT-2 Swatter	MCLOS
AT-3 Sagger	MCLOS
AT-4 Spigot	SACLOS
HOT ATGM	SACLOS
MILAN	SACLOS
SS.11	MCLOS
M47 Dragon	SACLOS	Captured from Iran.

Man-portable air-defense systems

Name	Country of origin
SA-7 Grail
SA-14 Gremlin
SA-16 Gimlet
HN-5A

Mortars

Name	Country of origin	Caliber	Notes
M70 commando mortar		60 mm
Al-Jaleel 60 mm Commando Mortar	Iraq	60 mm	Locally produced copy of the M70.
Al-Jaleel 60 mm	Iraq	60 mm
M-37M		82 mm
Al-Jaleel 82 mm	Iraq	82 mm
120-PM-43 mortar		120 mm
Al-Jaleel 120mm	Iraq	120 mm
		160 mm
		240 mm

Towed artillery

Name	Country of origin	Number	Caliber	Type	Notes
M116 howitzer			75 mm
D-44			85 mm	Field gun
Ordnance QF 25-pounder			88 mm	Gun-howitzer
OTO Melara Mod 56			105 mm	Mountain gun
M-56 Howitzer			105 mm
D-74			122 mm	Field gun
D-30		861	122 mm	Howitzer
M-30		30	122 mm	Field gun
M-46		772	130 mm	Field gun
Type 56-I			130 mm	Field gun	Chinese copy of the M-46.
M1937		50	152 mm	Gun-howitzer
D-1		250	152 mm	Howitzer
2A36 Giatsint-B		180	152 mm	Field gun
Type 83		50	152 mm	Howitzer
G5	South Africa	100	155 mm	Howitzer
GHN-45		200	155 mm	Howitzer	Illegally transferred to Iraq via Jordan.
M114			155 mm	Howitzer	Captured from Iran.
Type 63		100	107 mm	Multiple rocket launcher

Anti-tank guns

Name	Caliber	Notes
D-48	85 mm
MT-12	100 mm	100 delivered by the Soviet Union.
M1977	100 mm

Anti-aircraft artillery

Name	Number	Caliber	Type	Notes
ZPU		14.5×114mm	Towed anti-aircraft gun	ZPU-1, ZPU-2, and ZPU-4 variants used.
Zastava M55		20 mm	Towed anti-aircraft gun	M75 variant also used.
		23 mm	Towed anti-aircraft gun
Oerlikon GDF		35 mm	Towed anti-aircraft gun	Captured from Kuwait, used with the Skyguard fire control system.
61-K	250	37 mm	Towed anti-aircraft gun	Chinese Type 55 also used.
	500	57 mm	Towed anti-aircraft gun	Chinese Type 59 also used.
52-K	200	85 mm	Towed anti-aircraft gun	Used with the Fire Can radar.
	200	100 mm	Towed anti-aircraft gun
KS-30	200	130 mm	Towed anti-aircraft gun
ZSU-23-4	200+	23 mm	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
M53/59 Praga		30 mm	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
ZSU-57-2	100+	57 mm	Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun

Tanks

Name	Country of origin	Type	Number	Variant	Notes
PT-76		Light tank	100
T-34			175	T-34/85
		Main battle tank	300
T-55		Main battle tank	1,400
	Iraq	Main battle tank			Local upgrade of the T-55. Designated as the Al-Najm or Al-Faw.
		Main battle tank	150		Transferred by Egypt.^[4]
Type 59 tank		Main battle tank	1,000
Type 69 tank		Main battle tank	1,500	Type 69-I Type 69-II
		Main battle tank			Local upgrade of the Type 69-II. Designated as the Al-Najm or Al-Faw
T-62		Main battle tank	2,850
T-72		Main battle tank	550 - 1,038	T-72B T-72M T-72M1
Lion of Babylon (tank)		Main battle tank			Locally assembled T-72M1 using Polish knock-down kits, none were built according to Polish officials.
Chieftain		Main battle tank	30	Mk 3 Mk 5	Captured from Iran, most were given to Jordan.
M47 Patton		Main battle tank		M47M	Captured from Iran, most were given to Jordan.
M60 tank		Main battle tank		M60A1	Captured from Iran, some were given to Jordan.

Tank destroyers

Name	Number	Notes
	250
9P133	100	Armed with Sagger missiles.
9P148		Armed with Konkurs missiles.
VCR/TH	100	Armed with HOT missiles.

Reconnaissance vehicles

Name	Type	Number	Variant
BRDM-2	Scout car	250
D-442 FUG	Scout car	200	D-944 PSzH
MOWAG Roland	Scout car
EE-3 Jararaca	Scout car	300
Panhard AML	Armored car	300	AML-60 AML-90
Panhard ERC	Armored car	50	ERC-90 Sagaie
EE-9 Cascavel	Armored car	200

Armoured fighting vehicles

Name	Country of origin	Type	Number	Variant	Notes
BMP-1		Infantry fighting vehicle	1,000	BVP-1
Saddam II	Iraq	Infantry fighting vehicle			Locally upgraded BMP-1, used by Republican Guard units.
BMP-2		Infantry fighting vehicle	200	BVP-2
BMD-1		Infantry fighting vehicle	25
AMX-10P		Infantry fighting vehicle	45		Includes AMX-10 VLA and AMX-10 VFA command post versions.
BTR-152		Armoured personnel carrier	200
BTR-50		Armoured personnel carrier	250
BTR-60		Armoured personnel carrier	250	BTR-60PB
MT-LB		Armoured personnel carrier	750		Some were modified into mortar carriers.
OT-62 TOPAS		Armoured personnel carrier	100	OT-62A
OT-64 SKOT		Armoured personnel carrier	200	OT-64A
M113		Armoured personnel carrier		M113A1	Captured from Iran, some were given to Jordan.
Panhard M3		Armoured personnel carrier	200	M3 VTT M3 VAT	Includes 5 M3 VAT armoured recovery vehicles.
EE-11 Urutu		Armoured personnel carrier	200
Type 63		Armoured personnel carrier	650	Type YW701	Includes some command post vehicles.
Walid		Armoured personnel carrier	100		Status uncertain.

Self-propelled artillery

Name	Country of origin	Type	Number	Caliber	Variant	Notes
		Self-propelled gun	150	122 mm
2S3 Akatsiya		Self-propelled gun	150	152 mm
		Self-propelled gun	85	155 mm	CGT
M109 howitzer		Self-propelled gun		155 mm	M109A1 M109A2	Captured from Iran and Kuwait.
		Self-propelled gun		170 mm		Captured from Iran.^[5]
BM-21 Grad		Multiple rocket launcher	1,060	122 mm	BM-21 RL-21
Katyusha		Multiple rocket launcher		132 mm	BM-13-16
ASTROS II	Iraq	Multiple rocket launcher	67-260	127 mm 180 mm 300 mm	SS-40 SS-60 Sajeel	Produced under license as the Sajeel.
M-87 Orkan		Multiple rocket launcher	2	262 mm

Engineering vehicles

Name	Type	Notes
T-54/55 ARV	Armoured recovery vehicle
Type 653	Armoured recovery vehicle
Chieftain ARV	Armoured recovery vehicle	Captured from Iran.
Engesa E-11	Repair and recovery vehicle
BAT-M	Military engineering vehicle
MDK	Excavator
	Trencher
IMR	Obstacle clearing vehicle	Based on the T-55 tank chassis.
KMT-4/6	Mine plow	One KMT-6 was assigned per tank platoon, depending on supplies.
KMT-5	Mine roller	One KMT-5 was assigned per tank company, depending on supplies.
UR-77	Mine-clearing line charge
MTU-20	Bridgelayer
MT-55	Bridgelayer	Used by armored units.
BLG-60	Bridgelayer	24+ in service in 1991.
TMM	Pontoon bridge
PMP	Pontoon bridge
GSP	Amphibious ferry
PTS	Amphibious transport

Tactical ballistic missiles based on SCUD and Luna

Country of Name	Country of Origin

Al-Raad (mod. 9M21 rocket)
Scud-B

Conversion rocket 5Я23, 5В27Д, 2К12, Р-15/HY-2 to surface to surface missiles

Name	Country of origin	Description
		Conversions of the S-75
		Conversions of the S-75, did not go operational
Al-Barq		Modification of S-125
Al-Kasir		Modification of 2K12
Modified Р-15/HY-2		for use as surface to surface missiles

Iraqi liquid-propellant ballistic missiles

Name	Country of origin
Ababeel-100
Al-Samoud

Radar systems

Name	Country of origin





P-37

ПРВ-11
ПРВ-16Б
РПК-1 ВАЗА
СНР-75M
СНР-125M

РСБН-4Н
Panhard M3 VSB
Type-403	China
Type-572	China

Trucks

Country of Name	Country of origin

GAZ-66

Ural-375D


IFA W50

Bibliography

Book: Cullen . Tony . Foss . Christopher F. . Christopher F Foss . Jane's Land-based Air Defence 1992-93 . 1 March 1992 . Jane's Information Group . 978-0-7106-0979-3 . 5.
Book: Gander . Terry J. . Cutshaw . Charles Q. . Jane's Infantry Weapons, 2002-2003 . 1 February 2002 . Jane's Information Group . 978-0-7106-2434-5 . 28th . English.
Book: Foss . Christopher F. . Jane's Military Vehicles and Logistics 1991-92 . 1991 . Jane's Information Group . 978-0-7106-0950-2.
Book: Hogg . Ian V. . Ian V. Hogg . Jane's Infantry Weapons, 1988-89 . 1 January 1988 . Jane's Information Group . 978-0-7106-0857-4 . English.
Book: International Institute for Strategic Studies . The military balance, 1989-1990 . 1989 . Brassey's . London . 978-0080375694 . International Institute for Strategic Studies . .
Book: McNab . Chris . Armies of the Iran–Iraq War 1980–88 . 20 January 2022 . Bloomsbury Publishing . 978-1-4728-4558-0 . en.
Book: . The Iraqi Army: Organization and Tactics . 1 January 1991 . Paladin Press . 978-0-87364-632-1 . English.
Book: Tucker . Spencer C. . Persian Gulf War Encyclopedia: A Political, Social, and Military History . 20 August 2014 . Bloomsbury Publishing USA . 978-1-61069-416-2 . en.
Book: U.S. Army Intelligence and Threat Analysis Center . How They Fight Desert Shield: Order of Battle Handbook : Friendly Forces . 1991 . U.S. Army Intelligence and Threat Analysis Center . 28 January 2024 . en.
Book: . Iraq Country Handbook . U.S. Government Printing Office . 1998 . 28 January 2024 . https://web.archive.org/web/20050528131010/http://www.sabrizain.org/iraq/Marines.pdf . 28 May 2005.
Book: Zaloga . Steven J. . M1 Abrams vs T-72 Ural: Operation Desert Storm 1991 . 15 March 2011 . Bloomsbury Publishing . 978-1-84908-091-0 . 24 . en.
Book: Zaloga . Steven J. . Tanks at the Iron Curtain 1975–90: The ultimate generation of Cold War heavy armor . 26 October 2023 . Bloomsbury Publishing . 978-1-4728-5382-0 . 84–85 . en.

References

Notes and References

Book: Ezell . Edward Clinton . Small Arms Today - 2nd Edition . 1 November 1988 . Stackpole Books . 978-0-8117-2280-3 . 2nd . English.
Web site: AKM, Romanian . Imperial War Museums . 28 January 2024 . en.
Web site: al Nasirah & RPG7 . Imperial War Museums . 28 January 2024 . en.
Web site: Trade Registers . SIPRI Arms Transfers Database . Stockholm International Peace Research Institute . 1 May 2023.
Book: Foss . Christopher F. . Christopher F Foss . Jane's Armour and Artillery . 2002 . Jane's Information Group . 978-0-7106-2425-3 . 638 . en.