List of former equipment of the Finnish Army explained

This is an (incomplete) list of former equipment used by the Finnish Army. For current equipment, see here.

Tanks and other armoured vehicles

Cold War era tanks

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
PT-76 PT-A		Amphibious light tank Driver training tank	12 units 8 units		In use between 1963 and 1994. Some PT-76s were converted into the PT-A training tanks (for the BTR-50) after they stopped being used as light tanks.
T-72M1 T-72M1K T-72M1K1		Main battle tank Command tank Command tank	157 units 3 units 2 units		In use between 1984 and 2006, 63 T-72M1 and T-72M1K from the Soviet Union in 1984–86, and 97 from ex-East Germany in 1992 (of these 66 were made in Czechoslovakia, and 33 were made in Poland). 162 units total.
T-55, after modernization T-55M T-55K, after modernization T-55MK		Main battle tank Command tank	64 units 10 units		In use since 1966, modernized in 1989, total 74 units, 9 still in use 2021.
T-54		Main battle tank	43 units		The variant is the T-54-3, also known as M1951. It was in use between 1959 and 1969 (and removed from storage in 2005), 43 units.^[3]
Comet Mk I Model B		Cruiser tank	41 units		In use between 1960 and 1971.
Charioteer Mk VII Model B		Medium tank	38 units		In use between 1958 and 1980.
MTU-20		Bridge laying tank	4 units

World War II tanks

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
ISU-152 ISU-152V		Self-propelled gun Armoured recovery vehicle	1 unit 1 unit		The standard ISU-152 was captured, operated and abandoned in 1944. Another was captured in 1944 and rebuilt into an armoured recovery vehicle and was used between 1944 and 1959.
Panzerkampfwagen IV Ausf. J		Medium tank	15 units		In use between 1944 and 1962.
Sturmgeschütz 40G (Stu-40) Sturmgeschütz III Ausf. G (StuG III)		Assault gun	30 units 29 units		In use between 1943 and 1966. In use between 1944 and 1966.
KV-1E m 1941 KV-1 m 1942		Heavy tank	1 unit 1 unit		In use between 1943 and 1954. In use between 1942 and 1954.
T-50		Light infantry tank	1 unit		Modified in Finland with additional armour. In use between 1942 and 1954.
T-34-76 T-34-85		Medium tank	9 units 9 units		The short-barreled tanks were m 1941, m 1942 and m 1943 models. These were captured vehicles that were in use between 1941 and 1961. The T34-85 were in use between 1944 and 1961. Two units were registered in the inventory, but were never in operational use.
BT-42		Assault gun	18 units		Modified Soviet BT-7 tank. In use between 1943 and 1956.
BT-43		Armoured personnel carrier	1 unit		Modified Soviet BT-7 tank. In use between 1944 and 1945.
BT-2 BT-5 BT-7		Cavalry tank	15 units 62 units 53 units		Several captured in the Winter War and in 1941. The tank was in use only during 1941 and was soon replaced by the T-26 due to its poor reliability. The remaining tanks were either stored, rebuilt, dismantled (turrets being included into permanent casements), or scrapped.
T-28, later modified to T-28E standard T-28E T-28V		Medium tank Medium tank Armoured recovery vehicle	6 units 1 unit 1 unit		Two m 1938 were captured in the Winter War and the remainder in 1941. In use from 1939 to 1950. The T-28V was a modified T-28E and was used from 1945 to 1950.
T-20 m 1937, T-20 m 1938, 1939		Artillery tractor	33 units 184 units		In use from 1939 to 1959.
T-38 and T-38M-2 T-38-34 T-38-KV		Amphibious light tank	19 units 11 units 4 units		The -34 and -KV were driver training tanks for the T-34 and KV-series of tanks. In use 1939 to 1945. In use 1944 to 1959. In use 1944 to 1959.
T-37A tank		Amphibious light tank	29 units		In use 1939 to 1942.
T-26 m 1931 T-26 m 1933 T-26 m 1937 and T-26 m 1939 OT-26 OT-130 OT-133 T-26E T-26T		Light tank Light tank Light tank Flamethrower tank Flamethrower tank Flamethrower tank Light tank Artillery tractor	12 units 63 units 36 units 2 units 4 units 3 units 63 units 6 units		In use 1939 to 1945. In use 1939 to 1959. In use 1939 to 1959. In use 1939 to 1945. In use 1941 to 1942. In use 1942 In use 1939 to 1959. In use 1942 to 1959.

Pre-war tanks

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
Vickers 6-Ton		Light tank	32 units		In use 1933 to 1959.
Vickers-Carden-Lloyd Model 1933 Vickers-Carden-Lloyd Mk VI		Tankette	1 unit 1 unit		Only in use in 1933.
Saint-Charmond modèle 1921		Light tank	1 unit		In use 1923 to 1937.
Renault FT-17		Light tank	34 units		In use 1919 to 1942.

IFVs and APCs

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
Infantry fighting vehicles
BMP-1 BMP-1TJ BMP-K1 BMP-PS BMP-1K		Infantry fighting vehicle Forward observation post vehicle Command vehicle _ Command vehicle	195 units		In use between 1982 and 2004. Bought in two batches (85 in 1981 from the Soviet Union and 110 from ex-East German stocks in the beginning of the 1990s).
Armoured personnel carriers (tracked)
BTR-50 BTR-50PK BTR-50PU after modernization: BTR-50YVI BTR-50YVI-EK BTR-50PUM BTR-50PUM1 BTR-50PUM2		Armoured personnel carrier Armoured Personnel Carrier Command vehicle _ Command vehicle HQ vehicle Armoured Personnel Carrier Armoured Personnel Carrier Armoured Personnel Carrier	118 units 110 units 8 units _ 40 units _ _ _ Few		In use between 1980s–2010s. The YVI came in 5 different versions.
Armoured personnel carriers (wheeled)
BTR-60 BTR-60PA BTR-60PB BTR-60PUM BTR-60 R-145BM BTR-60PBK		Armoured personnel carrier	? 1 unit 83 units Few Few Few		In use between 1980s–2000s. Total 112 units.
BTR-80		Armoured personnel carrier	2 units		Test vehicles, later converted to command vehicles in BTR-60 units.
Valmet 1912-6		Armoured Personnel Carrier	1 unit		1 prototype unit (lost competition to Sisu XA-180)
VK		Armoured Personnel Carrier	1 unit		1 prototype unit (lost competition to Sisu XA-180)

Armoured cars

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
BA-10 BA-10N		Armoured car	24 units		In use between 1939 and 1959.
BA-6 BA-3		Armoured car	10 units 1 unit		In use between 1944 and 1956 In use between 1944 and 1954.
FAI-M BA-20 BA-20M		Armoured car	18 units		In use between 1939 and 1956.
FAI		Armoured car	3 units		In use between 1943 and 1950.
D-8		Armoured car	1 unit		In use between 1941 and 1942.
Landsverk 182		Armoured car	1 unit		In use between 1936 and 1941.
		Armoured car	1 unit		In use between 1918–early 1920s.
Austin Model 1917		Armoured car	? units		In use between 1918–early 1920s.
Peerless		Armoured car	? units

Various vehicles

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
Sisu Nasu		Tracked articulated vehicle			In use between 1980s–2017. 27 NA-122 self-propelled mortars and 12 NA-123 ammunition supply vehicles are still in use.
Bandvagn 202		Tracked articulated vehicle	15 units
MAZ-537G		Tank transporter	6 units^[4]		Pulling the ChMZAP-5247G semi-trailer.
GT-SM		Tracked transport vehicle
ATS-59		Artillery tractor	28 units		In use between 1965 and 2002.
		Artillery tractor	50 units		In use between 1960 and 2002.
Raupenschlepper Ost		Artillery tractor	20 units		In use between 1943–.
Sisu KB-45		Off-road lorry	83 units		In use between 1965 and 2008.
Sisu A-45		Off-road lorry	About 500 units		In use between 1970 and 2008.
Vanaja VAKS		Military truck	155 units		In use between 1960–.
Vanaja NS-47		Military truck	38 units		In use between 1962–.
Sd.Kfz. 9		Half-track	2 units		In use between 1943–. Recovery vehicle, arrived with the purchase of the StuG III assault guns.
Büssing-Nag 4500 A		Lorry			In use between 1943 and 1945.
M2 half-track car		Half-track	213 units		In use between 1948 and 1964.
McCormick TD-14		Artillery tractor			In use between 1940 until the 1950s.
Ford Thames		Military truck	115 units
ZIL-157		Military truck	86 units		In use between 1962 until the 1990s.
KrAZ-255B		Military truck			In use between 1962 until the 2010s.
ZIL-131		Military truck	About 400 units		In use between 1973 until the 2010s.
UAZ-452		Off-road van		170px	In use between 1973 until the 2010s.
UAZ-469 UAZ-315126		Off-road military light utility vehicle	250+ units	170px	In use between 1976 until the 2000s.
GAZ-51		Military truck	100 units		In use between 1962 until 1970s.
GAZ-66		Off-road lorry	440 units	170px	In use between 1972 until the 2000s.
GAZ-69		Off-road military light utility vehicle		170px
Unimog D		Military truck	99 units		In use between 1955 until ?.
Unimog G		Military truck	69 units		In use between 1955 until ?.
Valmet 702		Tractor
Fabrique Nationale AS 24^[5]		Motorized tricycle

Railroad artillery

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
305/52 ORaut		Railway gun	3 units		Soviet TM-3-12 railroad guns. In use 1943–1944.
180/57 NRaut		Railway gun	4 units		Soviet TM-1-180 guns. In use 1941–1944.
152/45 ORaut		Railway gun	4 units		In use 1924–1964.
130/50 ORaut		Railway gun	units		In use 1964–1972.
Armored train		Armored train			In use 1918–.

Rocket launchers

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
122 RAKH 76		Multiple rocket launcher	34 units		BM-21 Grad. In use between 1976–2000s.
280 RAKH 44		Multiple rocket launcher	15 units		In use between 1944–.
150 RAKH 44		Multiple rocket launcher	15 units		15 cm Nebelwerfer 41. In use between 1944–.

Howitzers

Heavy howitzers (150–210 mm)

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
210 H 17		Heavy howitzer	4 units		21 cm Mörser 16. In use between 1939–1960s.
203 H 17		Heavy howitzer	32 units		8 in Howitzer Mk 7 (Vickers Mk 6). In use between 1940–1960s.
155 H 17, 12 units later modified to 152 H 15-17		Howitzer	151 units		Canon de 155 C modèle 1917 Schneider. 12 were rebarreled to 152mm in 1944 and thereafter known as 152 H 15-17. In use between 1920s–1980s
155 H 15		Howitzer	24 units		In use between 1939–1960s
152 H 88-40		Howitzer	42 units		A modernized German 15 cm sFH 18 howitzer fitted with a new 152 mm barrel. Original Finnish designation 150 H 40. In use between 1988 and 2007
152 H 88-37		Howitzer	64 units		A modernized Soviet 152 mm ML-20 howitzer fitted with a new barrel. Original Finnish designation 152 H 37. In use between 1988 and 2007
152 H 88-31		Howitzer	21 units		A modernized Soviet 122mm A-19 gun converted to a howitzer by fitting a new 152 mm L/32 barrel. Finnish Army designation for the original A-19 version was 122 K 31. In use between 1988 and 2007
152 H 55		Howitzer	126 units		Soviet 152 mm towed D-20 howitzer bought from ex-East German stocks. In use between 1991 and 2017.
152 H 38		Howitzer	102 units		Four were later modified into the 152 H 38M. In use between 1941–.
152 H 37-31<>		Howitzer			Modernized 122 K 31 guns.
152 H 37		Howitzer	66 units		Later modernized into the 152 H 37 A and 152 H 88-37A. In use between 1942 and 1988.
152 H 30		Howitzer	1 unit		Experimental gun, captured in the Continuation War. In use between 1941 and 1944.
152 H 17		Howitzer	8 units		In use between 1924–.
152 H 15		Howitzer	4 units		In use between 1924–.
152 H 09-30		Howitzer	109 units		In use between 1939–1980s.
152 H 10		Howitzer	9 units		In use between 1918 and 1966.
150 H 40		Howitzer	48 units		42 units were later modernized into the 152 H 88-40. In use between 1940 and 1988.
150 H 15		Howitzer	20 units		In use between 1940 and 1962.
155 H 15 and 155 H 10-30<>		Howitzer	About 232 units		In use between 1939–1960s
150 H 14 J		Howitzer	12 units		In use between 1918 and 1939.
150 H 06		Howitzer	12 units		In use between 1940 and 1944.

Medium howitzers (105–122 mm)

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
122 H 38		Howitzer	41 units^[6]		In use between 1942 and 1975
122 H 10-30		Howitzer	247 units^[7]		In use between 1939–.
122 H 10 later modernized to 122 H 10-40		Howitzer	39 units		In use between 1918–.
122 H 09-30		Howitzer	25 units^[8]		In use between 1939–.
122 H 09 later modernized to 122 H 09-40		Howitzer	31 units^[9]		In use between 1918–.
120 H 13		Howitzer	13 units		In use between 1940–.
120 H 05		Howitzer			In use between 1918 and 1944.
120 MH 01		Howitzer	2 units		In use between 1918–.
114 H 18		Howitzer	54 units		In use between 1939–. Later used in the BT-42 assault gun.
105 H 41-18		Howitzer	1 unit		In use between 1941 and the 1960s.
105 H 41		Howitzer	27 units^[10]		In use between 1941 and the 1960s.
105 H 37		Howitzer	134 units		License manufactured Swedish 10,5 cm fälthaubits L/22, 134 units, all modified into 105 H 37-40 in the 1960s, and into 105 H 61-37 in 1961. 40 were given to Estonia. In use between 1942–1990s.
105 H 33-40		Howitzer	8 units		In use between 1944–.
105 H 33		Howitzer	53 units		In use between 1944–.
105 H 36-09		Howitzer
105 VH 10		Mountain howitzer	4 units		In use between 1940 and 1944.

Field guns

Heavy field guns (130–155 mm)

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
155 K (93)		Field gun	1 unit		In use between 1993–
155 K (91)		Field gun	1 unit		In use between 1991–
155 K (88)		Field gun	1 unit		In use between 1988–
155 K 74		Field gun			In use between 1981–
155 K 68		Field gun	13 units		In use between 1970s–.
155 K 17		Field gun	12 units	170px	In use between 1941 and 1944
152 KH X 67		Field gun	2 units		In use between 1967–
130 K 90-60		Field gun	15 units		Modernized 122 K 60. In use between 1990–.
130 K 54		Field gun	322 units		156 from the Soviet Union 1965–1973, and another 166 in 1993 from Germany after the unification. In use between 1965 and 2019.

Medium field guns (105–122 mm)

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
122 K 60		Field gun	15 units		Later modernized into 130 K 90–60. In use between 1960 and 1990.
122 K 31		Field gun	29 units		In use between 1941 and the 1970s.
120 K 78-31		Field gun	24 units		In use between 1940 and the 1960s.
120 K 78-16		Field gun	72 units		In use between 1940 and the 1960s.
107 K 13		Field gun	2 units		In use between 1940 and the 1960s.
107 K 10		Field gun	9 units		In use between 1940 and the 1960s.
105 KH 36		Field gun	1 unit		Equipped with a replacement barrel. In use between 1940 and the 1960s.
105 K 34		Field gun	12 units		In use between 1940 and the 1960s.
105 K 29		Field gun	54 units		In use between 1941–.
105 K 13		Field gun	22 units		In use between 1940–.
105 K 10		Field gun	4 units		In use between 1943–. Modified 107 K 10 guns.

Light field guns (63–84 mm)

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
84 K 18		Field gun	30 units		In use between 1940 and 1960
77 K 96		Field gun	8 units^[11]		In use between 1918 and 1926
76 K 42		Field gun	12 units		In use between 1944–.
76 K 39		Field gun	9 units		In use between 1939–.
76 VK 38		Field gun	9 units^[12]		In use between 1939 and 1951.
76 K 36		Field gun	76 units		In use between 1939 and 1994.
76 RekK 35 or 76 K/DRP		Field gun	2 units		In use between 1939 and 1941
76 RK 27-38		Field gun	1 units		In use between 1941–.
76 K 27-k		Field gun	13 units		In use between 19 and 19
76 RK 27 and 76 RK 27-39		Field gun	235 units		In use between 1939–.
76 K 23		Field gun	4 units		In use between 1924 and 1945.
76 LK 10-13		Mountain gun	72 units^[13]		In use between 1918–.
76 VK 09		Mountain gun	18 units		In use between 1918 and 1946.
76 VK 04		Mountain gun	11 units		In use between 19 and 19
76 K 02-38		Field gun
76 K 02		Field gun	249 units^[14]		In use between 1918 and 1994.
76 K 02-30		Field gun	93 units		In use between 1941 and 1994.
76 K 02-30/40		Field gun	14 units^[15]		In use between 1941 and 1994.
76 K 02-34		Field gun	1 unit		In use between 1934 and 1941.
76 K 02-38		Field gun	2 units		In use between 1938 and 1942.
76 K 00		Field gun	34 units		In use between 1918–.
75 K 40 A, later 76 K 37		Field gun	8 units		In use between 1940–.
75 K 36		Field gun	1 unit		In use between 1939–.
75 K 17		Field gun	200 units		In use between 1940–1990s.
75 VK L14		Mountain gun	12 units		In use between 1918 and 1931.
75 K 11		Field gun	1 unit		In use between 1929–.
75 K 02		Field gun	36 units		In use between 1929–.
75 K 01		Field gun	12 units		In use between 1940 and 1944.
75 VK 98		Mountain gun	44 units		In use between 1918 and 1937.
75 K 97		Field gun	48 units		In use between 1940 and 1962.
63 K 84		Field gun	4 units		In use between 1918–.

Siege artillery

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
279 M 77		Coastal mortar	5 units		11-inch siege mortar, model 1877. In use between 1918 and 1951.
229 M 77		Coastal mortar	6 units		9-inch siege mortar, model 1877. In use between 1919 and 1944.
155 K 77		Siege artillery	48 units		In use between 1940 and 1944.
152 K 04-200 p		Siege artillery	4 units		In use between 1918 and 1944.
152 K 77-190 p		Siege artillery	81 units		In storage only. In use between 1918–.
152 K 77-120 p		Siege artillery	102 units^[16]		In use between 1918 and 1944.
120 K 78		Siege artillery	102 units		In use between 1940 and 1944.
107 K 77-piirk		Siege artillery	57 units^[17]		In use between 1918–1940s.
107 K 77-ptrik		Field gun	102 units		In use between 1918–.
90 K 77		Field gun	100 units		In use between 1940 and 1944.
87 K 95 and 87 K 95-R		Field gun	87 units		In use between 1918 and 1941.
87 K 77		Field gun	144 units^[18]		In use between 1918–1930s.
80 K 77		Field gun	12 units		In use between 1940 and 1951.

Mortars

Heavy mortars (160–300 mm)

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
300 KRH 42		Mortar	6 units		In use between 1942 and 1945.
160 KRH 58C		Mortar	60 units		In use between 1985–.

Heavy mortars (120 mm)

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
120 KRH 85		Mortar	60 units		In use between 1985 and 2015.
120 KRH 73		Mortar			In use between 1973–.
120 KRH 65 Y 120 KRH 65-73		Mortar	15 units^[19]		The 120 KRH 65-73 was in use from 1974. It was developed into the 120 KRH 85, which is still in use today.
120 KRH 62A-H		Mortar			In use between 1965–. Developed into the Israeli K6, US M120 and M121.
120 KRH 40		Mortar	377 units		In use between 1940 until about 2000. Modernized units are known as 120 KRH 40-76
120 KRH 38		Mortar	About 250 units		In use between 1938 and 2004. Modernized units are known as 120 KRH 38-42, 120 KRH 38-77 and 120 KRH 38-42-77. These have also been retired.

Medium mortars (81–107 mm)

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
107mm M1938 mortar		Mortar	1 unit		Several were conquered during WW2 but only one in working condition. Only studied, never in operational use.
82 KRH 41		Mortar	478 units		In use between 1941–.
82 KRH 38		Mortar
82 KRH 37		Mortar			In use between 1937–.
82 KRH 36		Mortar
81 KRH 97		Mortar	4 units		In test use between 1997–2000s. Also known as 81 COM 97. Currently on display in museums.
81 KRH 90		Mortar			In use between 1990–.
81 KRH 71 RT		Mortar	14 units (81 KRH 71 RT)		There were a coastal fortress variant called 81 KRH 71 RT, which is no longer in service, while infantry variant 81 KRH 71 Y is still in use alongside its modernised counterpart 81 KRH 71 96. The 81 KRH 71 Y mortar is also installed on Bv 206 vehicles. In use between 1971–.
81 KRH 64 Y		Mortar	10 units		In use between 1964 and 1985.
81 KRH 56 Y 81 KRH 58P		Mortar	20 units		First Finnish 81 mm mortar with a circular baseplate. The 58P was a long-barreled version. In use between 1956 and 1985.
81 KRH 53		Mortar
81 KRH 42		Mortar	24 units		Finnish short-barreled 81 mm mortar model 1942. In use between 1942–.
81 KRH 39		Mortar	10 units		10 units and 10,000 shells were given to Finland by the UK in 1940 but due to its different operation and small numbers it was never taken into use. They were sold in the 1960s.^[20]
81 KRH 38		Mortar	231 units		Later modernized and renamed 81 KRH 38 Y. In use between 1938 and 2007.
81 KRH 36		Mortar	9 units (m/30) 6 units (m/36)		Polish Brandt-type mortar. Later modernized and renamed 81 KRH 36 T 71 Y. In use between 1940 and 2015.
81 KRH 36		Mortar	227 units		Later modernized and renamed 81 KRH 36 Y. In use between 1936–.
81 KRH 36		Mortar	109 units		Later modernized and renamed 81 KRH 36 Y. In use between 1936–.
81 KRH 35		Mortar	68 units		Short-barreled 81 mm mortar model 1935. In use between 1935–.
81 KRH 35		Mortar	187 units		Long-barreled 81 mm mortar model 1935. In use between 1935 and 2015. It was modified several times, with new base plates, e.g. 81 KRH 35-60 and 81 KRH 35 T 71
81 KRH 34		Mortar	25 units^[21]		In use between 1939 and 1986. After WW2 they were altered to fire around the entire plate, and were given a "Y" designation (81 KRH 34Y)
81 KRH 33		Mortar	104 units^[22]		In use between 1933 and 1986.
81 KRH 32		Mortar	70 units^[23]		In use between 1932 and 1986.
81 KRH 31		Mortar	100 units		In use between 1940–.
81 KRH 30		Mortar	16 units		In use between 1930–.
81 KRH 26		Mortar	90 units		In use from 1926 until 1936.

Light mortars (47–60 mm)

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
60 KRH 97		Mortar	5 units		In test use between 1997–2000s. Also known as 60 COM 97. Currently on display in museums.
60 TAM 18		Mortar	Few units		Some sold for testing to Sweden.^[24]
60 TAM 15		Mortar	4 units		In test use between 1970s–1980s.
60 KRH 39		Mortar	Only a few units^[25]		In use between 1939–.
50 KRH ss-I 50 KRH ss-IV		Mortar	50 units 30 units
50 KRH 40 50 KRH 39 50 KRH 38		Mortar	1,268 units		In use between 1939 and 1959.
47 KRH 41		Mortar	50 units		In use between 1941 and 1948.
47 KRH 40		Mortar	Only a few units		In use between 1940–.
47 KRH 39		Mortar	6 units		In use between 1939 and 1960.

Siege mortars

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
25 cm schwerer Minenwerfer		Trench mortar	2 units		Sold in 1937
170 MH 12		Trench mortar	6 units		In use between 1918 and 1937.
91 MH 16		Trench mortar	26 units		In use between 1918 and 1937.
76 MH 16		Trench mortar	26 units		In use between 1918 and 1937.

Infantry weapons

Light machine guns

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
7.62 PK 26		Light machine gun	6,200 units
7.62 PK D		Light machine gun	9,000 units
7.62 PK D PSV		Light machine gun	650+ units
7.62 PK Lewis 7.70 PK Lewis		Light machine gun	60 units
8.00 PK 15		Light machine gun	5,000 units
Hotchkiss M1909 Benét–Mercié machine gun		Light machine gun
Kulsprutegevär m/40		Automatic rifle	Units
ZB vz. 26		Light machine gun	Units
7.62 KK 54 RPD		Light machine gun	1,000 units^[26]
7.62 PK 20		Light machine gun	729 units
FM 24/29 light machine gun		Light machine gun	100 units
7.92 PK FN (FN Mle 30)		Automatic rifle	700 units
7.92 PK FN (Kg m/21)		Automatic rifle	units

Machine guns

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
Hotchkiss M1914 machine gun		Machine gun	34 units		Used initially with Renault FT tanks, later replaced and used by infantry.
DS-39		Machine gun	200 units
		Machine gun	35 units		Only used for testing 1940–1942.
MG 42		Machine gun	6 units		Plans were made to build 4,000 units but machining complications and the end of the war put and end to this.
MG 34		Machine gun	59 units
MG 08		Machine gun	1,098 units
MG 08/15		Machine gun	470 units^[27]
MG 08/18
Schwarzlose machine gun		Machine gun	70 units
Vickers machine gun		Machine gun	100 units
Maxim M/09-21		Machine gun	About 4,000 units		Many were obtained as war booty during WW2. In use from 1918 until the 1960s, mothballed until the 1990s.
Maxim M/32-33		Machine gun	1,200 units
M1895 Colt–Browning machine gun		Machine gun	100 units		Saw usage during Finnish Civil War, retired in 1936.

Assault rifles

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
7.62 RK 54 TP 7.62 RK 54		Assault rifle	26.000 units^[29]
7.62 RK 72		Assault rifle	Units

Submachine guns

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
Neuhausen MKMS		Submachine gun	282 units
SIG Bergmann 1920	Switzerland	Submachine gun	1,523 units		In use since 1922.
MP 28		Submachine gun	171 units		Acquired from Belgium in the spring of 1940. Issued to rear echelon troops during the Continuation War^[30]
MP 38		Submachine gun	160 Units		Delivered alongside German vehicles
MP 40
Suomi KP/31		Submachine gun	80,000 units
PPD-34		Submachine gun			Captured from Soviet troops; issued to some units in the Continuation War
PPD-34/38
PPD-40		Submachine gun	150 units
PPSh-41		Submachine gun	2,500 units
PPS-42 PPS-43		Submachine gun	A few hundred units
KP m/44 submachine gun		Submachine gun	10,000 units
9.00 kp Sten II 9.00 kp Sten III		Submachine gun	76,115 units

Service rifles

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
Berdan M1870		Service rifle	3,100 units
Carcano M91/38		Bolt action rifle	74,000 units		In use 1940–1950s.
Type 30 rifle		Bolt action rifle	10,500 units
Type 35 rifle Type 38 rifle		Bolt action rifle	7,000+ units
Mannlicher M1895		Bolt action rifle	2,300 units
Mannlicher M1888		Bolt action rifle	Units
AVS-36		Automatic rifle	Hundreds of units
SVT-38 SVT-40		Semi-automatic rifle	20,000 units
7.62 KIV M/91 7.62 KIV M/91 RV 7.62 KIV M/07 Karab. 7.62 KIV M/91-24 7.62 KIV M/27 7.62 KIV M/27 RV 7.62 KIV M/28 7.62 KIV M/28-30 7.62 KIV M/39 7.62 KIV M/91-30 7.62 KIV M/38 7.62 KIV M/44		Bolt action rifle	210,000 units Few units Few units 26,000 units 56,000 units 2,200 units 33,000 units 40,000 units 100,000 units 100,000+ units 2,291 units see above
Winchester Model 1895		Lever-action rifle
7.92 KIV/98 rv		Bolt action rifle	8,000 units
7.92 KIV SAKSAL		Bolt action rifle	600 units
6.50 KIV/96		Bolt action rifle	77,000 units

Handguns

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
7.63 PIST SOV		Semi-automatic pistol
11,5 mm Colt^[31]		Semi-automatic pistol	134 units
7.65 PIST m/23 9.00 PIST m/08		Semi-automatic pistol	8,000 units
9.00 PIST 35		Semi-automatic pistol	9,000 units
Mauser C96		Semi-automatic pistol	1,000+ units
Dreyse M/15		Semi-automatic pistol	55
Mauser M1914		Semi-automatic pistol	500 units
7.62 REV Nagant		Revolver	1,400 units
Ruby pistol		Semi-automatic pistol	10,000 units
		Semi-automatic pistol	326 units
7.65 mm M/Beholla		Semi-automatic pistol	100 units
7.65 mm M/Sauer		Semi-automatic pistol	Units		The image is of a M1913 6.35 mm while the M1914 was in 7.65 mm. The external resemblance is similar.
Astra 400		Semi-automatic pistol	100 units
7.65 mm Browning m/1900		Semi-automatic pistol	1,000 units
		Semi-automatic pistol	860+ units		860 left behind by Swedish volunteers. A few FN 1903s were captured from Russia after independence^[32]
Pistol M/07 Husqvarna
7.65 PIST 10 FN 7.65 PIST 22 FN		Semi-automatic pistol	2,500 units 2,500 units
9.00 PIST FN		Semi-automatic pistol	2,400 units
7.65 PIST 15 Beretta		Semi-automatic pistol	1,500 units
7.65 PIST 19 Beretta		Semi-automatic pistol	See above
9.00 PIST 34 Beretta		Semi-automatic pistol	1,500 units
7.65 PIST 35 Beretta		Semi-automatic pistol	4,090 units
9.00 PIST 23		Semi-automatic pistol	3,285 units
7.65 PIST 39		Semi-automatic pistol
9.00 PIST 39		Semi-automatic pistol	1,700 units
7.65 Bayard M/1908		Semi-automatic pistol
Ortgies Semi-Automatic Pistol		Semi-automatic pistol	Several hundred units

Anti-aircraft weapons

Surface-to-air missiles

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
ITO 86 M		Man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile	Some 80-100 launchers, 912 missiles.		Soviet SA-18 Grouse (9K38 Igla) man-portable SAM missiles, in use between 1994 and 2005.
ITO 86		Man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile	Some 160 launchers, 1558 missiles.		Soviet SA-16 Gimlet (9K310 Igla-1) man-portable SAM missiles, in use between 1986 and 2005.
ITO 78		Man-portable infrared homing surface-to-air missile	Some 122 launchers, 1091 missiles.		Soviet SA-7b Grail (9K32 Strela-2) man-portable SAM missiles, in use between 1978 until 2000.
ITO 96		Surface-to-air missile system	3 batteries totalling: 9 TELAR (9A310M1) 9 TEL reload vehicles (9M38M1) 3 target acquisition radars (TAR) (9S18M1) 3 command vehicles (9S470) 115 missiles (9M38M1)		Soviet SA-11 Gadfly (9K37 BUK-M1)
ITO 79		Surface-to-air missile system	3 batteries, 400 missiles		Soviet SA-3 Goa (S-125 Pechora)
Thunderbird		Surface-to-air missile system	1 missile		British surface-to-air missile obtained for familiarization and training purposes.

Self-propelled anti-aircraft guns

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
ITPSV 90		Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon	6 units		In use between 1990 and 2015. British Marksman turret using two Oerlikon 35 mm autocannons mounted on a Polish T-55AM chassis. The turrets were moved to Leopard 2 chassis.^[33]
57 ITPSV SU 57-2		Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapon	12 units 9 units		In use 1961–2006. 9 additional units were obtained from Hungary in the 1990s for upgrade purposes of the old wagons, but the entire programme was scrapped in 1999, when it was decided to end the modernization programmes of old Soviet equipment.^[34] The Hungarian vehicles were modernized to the T-55A standard in and were given registration numbers starting with Ps 462, while the older Soviet ones had numbers starting with Ps 461.
Landsverk Anti II		Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun	6 units		In use between 1942 and 1959.

Heavy anti-aircraft artillery

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
88 ITK 37		Anti-aircraft gun	90 units		German 88mm Flak gun. In use 1943–1980.
76 ITK 34		Anti-aircraft gun	12 units		In use from 1936
76 ITK 27 BK 76 ITK 28 B 76 ITK 29 B		Anti-aircraft gun	8 units 4 units 4 units		In use from 1928. The M27 was mounted on a fixed mount.
76 ITK 16		Anti-aircraft gun	24 units		In use from 1934. Breda 76 mm anti-aircraft gun.
76 ITK 02-34		Anti-aircraft gun	8 units		In use from the 1930s. Russian Obuhov anti-aircraft guns.
76 ITK 14		Anti-aircraft gun	2 units		In use from 1918.
75 ITK 30		Anti-aircraft gun	9 units		Swedish 75mm Bofors anti-aircraft gun originally manufactured for Siam.
75 ITK 37		Anti-aircraft gun	20 units		In use from 1940.

Medium anti-aircraft artillery

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
57 ITK 60		Anti-aircraft gun	24 units^[35]		Soviet S-60 57 mm anti-aircraft gun. Nicknamed Nikolai. In use from 1960 until 2000.
40 ITK 38		Anti-aircraft gun	288 units		Swedish 40 mm Bofors anti-aircraft gun. In use since 1938 until the 1980s.
40 ITK 15		Anti-aircraft gun	9 units		40 mm Pom-Pom gun
37/30 Ma		Anti-aircraft gun	16 units		37 mm Pom-Pom gun, in use 1918–1944.
37 ITK 37		Anti-aircraft gun	4 units		In use 1944–1959.
37 ITK 39		Anti-aircraft gun	1 unit		Several Soviet 61-K 37 mm anti-aircraft gun were captured but only little ammunition, so only one gun was operational for a short time. In use in 1941.
35 ITK 58		Anti-aircraft gun	16 units		Later modernized to 35 ITK 88 standard
30 ITK 62 30 ITK 61 HS		Anti-aircraft gun	27 units 3 units		Swiss Hispano-Suiza 30 mm anti-aircraft gun bought in 1962.

Anti-aircraft cannons and machine guns

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
20 ITK HS		Anti-aircraft gun	2 units		Swiss Hispano-Suiza 20 mm anti-aircraft gun bought in 1963 and used until 1972 for testing purposes. The name used during the testing was "20 ItK/HS/HS 669/HS 820 L 85".
20 ITK OE		Anti-aircraft gun	2 units		Swiss Oerlikon 20 mm anti-aircraft gun bought in 1963 and used until 1975 for testing purposes. The name used during the testing was "20 ItK/Oe/10 ILa/5 TG".
20 TorKK MG-151		Anti-aircraft gun
20 ITKIV L-39/44		Anti-aircraft gun	325 units		In use 1944–1950s. Fully-automatic version of the Lahti L-39 anti-tank rifle.
20 ITK 30 M 20 ITK 36 M 20 ITK 36 M2 20 ITK 39 M 20 ITK 40 M 20 ITK 42 M 20 ITK 43 M		Anti-aircraft gun	6 units 32 units 1 units 56 units 146 units 50 units 71 units		In total there were 362 cannons in use from 1930 until 1980s.
20 ITK 40 VKT		Anti-aircraft gun	180 units		In use from 1943 until the 1980s.
20 ITK 35		Anti-aircraft gun	88 units		Italian Breda Model 35, in use from 1939.
20 ITK 30 BSW 20 ITK 38 BSW		Anti-aircraft gun	50 units 113 units		In use from 1939 until the 1960s. In storage until the 1990s.
20 ITK 23		Anti-aircraft gun	4 units		In use from 1924.
8.00 ITKK 36		Anti-aircraft machinegun	4 units
7.62 ITKK 09-09		Anti-aircraft machinegun			In use from 1925 until 1986.
7.62 ITKK 09-21		Anti-aircraft machinegun			In use from 1925 until 1986.
7.62 ITKK 32-33		Anti-aircraft machinegun			In use from 1925 until 1986.
7.62 ITKK 09-31		Anti-aircraft machinegun	80+ units		Soviet quadruple 7.62 mm Maxim machinegun M1931
7.62 ITPK DA-2		Anti-aircraft machinegun			Aircraft variant of the Soviet Degtyaryov machine gun. Many were taken into use as AA-rifles.
7.62 ITKK 31 VKT 7.62 ITKK 31-40 VKT		Anti-aircraft machinegun	135 units 475 units
7.62 ITKK L33/39		Anti-aircraft machinegun	130 units		Mainly used on small craft in the Finnish Navy

Radars

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
Radioluotain (RL) m/40 Raija GEMA FuMG 40 G Freya LZ-Stand (Freya radar)		Early warning radar	4 units		Two in use from 30 March 1943, and two more 20–23 June 1944. Range approx. 100 km.
Radioluotain (RL) m/39 Würzburg T Irja Telefunken FuSE 62 Würzburg T/D ("Dora")		Gun laying radar	8 units		Mobile radar units. Range: 20–30 km. In operation 1943–1950s.
Radioluotain (RL) m/4? Riitta Telefunken FuSE 65 Würzburg-Riese		Gun laying and tracking radar	4 units		In use 1944-03-10
Liisa FuG 202 Lichtenstein		Airborne radar	8 units		Arrived on 1944-03-10 but were not taken into use during the war.
m/45 Maija FuMO 1 Seetakt		Maritime surveillance radar	4 units		3 arrived in December 1943, and 1 in January 1944.
Vesa Seeburg-Tisch		Mechanical Plotting table
AN/TPS-1E		Early warning radar			Bought as a gap-filler in 1954. Used until ca. 1988.
VRTTI VII		Early warning radar	6 units		In use between 1954–1970s.
Decca radar		Counter-battery radar			In use from 1951 to ?.
Severi		Counter-battery radar			In use from 1955 to 1976. Some were modified to airport radars, and were called Faarao.
Cymbeline FA 15 MKL		Mortar locating radar			In use from 1976 to ca. 2000

Anti-tank weapons

Guided anti-tank weapons

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
PstOhj 83 PstOhj 83M		Anti-tank guided missile			BGM-71C I-TOW BGM-71 TOW 2
PstOhj 82		Anti-tank guided missile			AT-4 Spigot
PstOhj 82M		Anti-tank guided missile			AT-5 Spandrel.
RO-63		Anti-ship missile	200 missiles, (100 training, 52 anti-tank, 48 anti-ship), ? launchers.^[36]		French SS.11 anti-tank missiles used in coastal defense, obtained in 1963. In operation from 1964 until 1995.
Vickers Vigilant		Anti-tank guided missile	250 missiles (of whom 100 for training), 10 launchers.^[37]		The army's first missile. In operation between 1962–.

Unguided anti-tank rockets

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
66 KES 75 66 KES 88		Anti-tank rocket-propelled grenade launcher	77,000+ units		M72A2 LAW. In operation from 1975 until 2014. M72A5 LAW. In operation from 1988 until 2020.
Sarpac		Anti-tank rocket-propelled grenade launcher			French Sarpac disposable anti-tank recoilless rifle.
74 KES 68		Anti-tank rocket-propelled grenade launcher			Swedish Miniman disposable anti-tank recoilless rifle.
55 S 55		Anti-tank rocket-propelled grenade launcher	10,000+ units		In operation between 1955–1990s. Kept in storage until 2005.
100 pshp/F1 142 pshp/F2		Anti-tank rocket-propelled grenade launcher	25,812 units^[38]		Panzerfaust. In operation from 1944 to 1959.^[39]
88 rakh/B 54		Anti-tank rocket-propelled grenade launcher	1,854 units		Panzerschreck, in use from 1944 until 1959.^[40]

Anti-tank guns and rifles

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
8 PSTKIV		Anti-tank rifle	30 units		Polish Wz. 35 anti-tank rifle
14 PSTKIV 37		Anti-tank rifle	300 units		British Boys anti-tank rifle
14.5 PSTKIV 41 Simonov		Anti-tank rifle			Soviet PTRS-41 anti-tank rifle
Madsen 20 mm cannon		Anti-tank rifle	12 units^[41]
20 L 39 20 L 39-44		Anti-tank rifle	2,078 units		Finnish Lahti L-39 anti-tank rifle, "elephant gun".
25 PSTK 34 25 K 37		Anti-tank rifle	133 units 104 units^[42]		French 25 mm Hotchkiss, called Marianne. In use since 1940. Withdrawn from service in 1943. Sold in 1959.^[43]
28 K 41		Anti-tank rifle	2 units		In use in 1944. Sold in 1959.^[44]
37 K 14 37 K 15		Trench gun	40 units^[45]		Russian trench gun
37 PSTK 34 37 PSTK 36		Anti-tank gun	42 units 114 units 355 units		The Swedish Bofors 37mm anti-tank gun were procured both from Sweden, Finland and Poland. It was in use between 1938 until 1944. Sold in 1986.^[46]
37 PSTK 40 37 PSTK 37		Anti-tank gun	178 units^[47]		The German PaK 36 was in use from 1940 until 1944. Sold in 1979.^[48]
45 PSTK 32 45 PSTK 32-38:		Anti-tank gun	25 units ?		The Soviet 45 mm anti-tank gun 19-K, in use 1939–1944. Sold in 1993.^[49]
45 PSTK 37 45 PSTK 38 45 PSTK 38-41		Anti-tank gun			The Soviet 45 mm anti-tank gun 53-K, in use 1939–1944. Sold in 1993.^[50]
45 K 42		Anti-tank gun	2 units		The Soviet 45 mm anti-tank gun M-42, in use 1939–1944. Sold in 1993.^[51]
47 PSTK 35 47 PSTK 39		Anti-tank gun	22 units		Italian Cannone de 47/32. In use 1940–1942. Sold in 1959.^[52]
47 PSTK 40		Anti-tank gun	12 units		French 47mm APX anti-tank gun. In use 1940–1942. Sold in 1959.^[53]
50 PSTK 38		Anti-tank gun	27 units		German 5 cm PaK 38 anti-tank gun. In operation from 1942 to 1944, sold in 1986.^[54]
75 PSTK 40		Anti-tank gun	210 units		German 7.5 cm PaK 40 anti-tank gun. In operation from 1943 to 1986.^[55]
75 PSTK 97-38		Anti-tank gun	46 units		Bought in 1940 and upgraded in 1943 to 7.5 cm PaK 97/38 standard. In service until 1986.^[56]
75 K 44		Anti-tank gun	1 unit		Finnish prototype gun.
76 RK 27		Infantry support gun			Soviet 76mm regimental gun M1937, used as an anti-tank gun by the Finns.

Anti-ship missiles

Model	Origin	Type	Quantity	Image	Details
Meritorjuntaohjus 66		Anti-ship missile			Soviet P-15 Termit, used as an anti-ship missile by the Finns. It could be fired both from a separate gun carriage, but it was also transported on a rebuilt Comet tank.
Meritorjuntaohjus 85		Anti-ship missile	Four batteries, 3 in the gulf of Finland and 1 in the Archipelago Sea.^[57]		The first version RBS-15SF (known in Finland as MTO-85 (Meritorjuntaohjus 1985)) was a variant of the Swedish RSB-15 Mk.II. It was taken into use between 1987–1991. It was later modified into RBS-15SF-3 (a modernized Mk.II, known in Finland as MTO-85M). It was replaced by the Pintatorjuntaohjus 2020 system.

Sources

• Book: Käkelä, Erkki . Marskin Panssarituhoojat . 2000 . WSOY . Porvoo . fi . 951-0-24638-7 . 576 .
• Book: Lappi, Ahti . Ilmatorjuntaohjukset Suomen puolustuksessa . 2009 . fi . 978-951-95594-5-2 . 416 .
• Book: Muikku, Esa . Suomalaiset Panssarivaunut 1918-1997 . 1998 . Apali Oy . Tampere . fi, en . 952-5026-09-4 . 208 .
• Palokangas, Markku (1991): Sotilaskäsiaseet Suomessa 1918-1988. Vammalan Kirjapaino Oy.
• Book: Paulaharju, Jyri . Itsenäisen Suomen kenttätykit 1918-1995 . 1996 . Sotamuseon julkaisuja 1/1996 . Sotamuseo . Jyväskylä . fi . 978-951-25-0811-2 .
• Book: Syrjö . Veli-Matti . Karjalainen, Mikko . Elfvengren, Eero . Suomen Puolustusvoimat 1944-1974 . 2006 . 978-951-0-32493-6 . 685 . W. Söderström . fi .
• Book: Vehviläinen . Raimo . Lappi . Ahti . Palokangas . Markku . Itsenäisen Suomen ilmatorjuntatykit 1917-2000 . 2005 . Sotamuseo . Helsinki . fi . 978-951-25-1618-6 . 260 .
• Book: Nikitin. Viacheslav. Harjula. Mirko . Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapurin kalusto Suomen puolustusvoimissa 1918-1948 . 2017 . Minerva Kustannus . fi . 978-952-312-706-7 . 309 .

Notes and References

1. Web site: Annual Exchange of Military Information (AEMI) 2023 . Finnish Defence Forces . fi . 1 January 2023 . 4 January 2023 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230104102006/https://puolustusvoimat.fi/documents/1948673/2014902/CBMFI23.pdf . 4 January 2023 . live .
2. Web site: Finland donates defence materiel assistance to Ukraine including more of mine-clearing Leopard 2 tanks. 2023-03-23. 2023-03-23. Ministry of Defence.
3. Web site: Archived copy . 2009-08-02 . dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110720194538/http://yhdistykset-akaa.fi/reservilaiset/panssarihistoriaseminaari2009.pdf . 2011-07-20 .
4. Panssarihistoriaseminaari 2009
5. https://twitter.com/SgtBlitz_fi/status/1774138641519939921/photo/1
6. Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapurin kalusto Suomen puolustusvoimissa 1918-1948
7. Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapurin kalusto Suomen puolustusvoimissa 1918-1948
8. Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapurin kalusto Suomen puolustusvoimissa 1918-1948
9. Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapurin kalusto Suomen puolustusvoimissa 1918-1948
10. Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapurin kalusto Suomen puolustusvoimissa 1918-1948
11. Viacheslav Nikitin; Mirko Harjula: Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapuring kalusto suomen puolustusvoimassa 1918-1948
12. Viacheslav Nikitin; Mirko Harjula: Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapuring kalusto suomen puolustusvoimassa 1918-1948
13. Viacheslav Nikitin; Mirko Harjula: Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapuring kalusto suomen puolustusvoimassa 1918-1948
14. Viacheslav Nikitin; Mirko Harjula: Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapuring kalusto suomen puolustusvoimassa 1918-1948
15. Viacheslav Nikitin; Mirko Harjula: Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapuring kalusto suomen puolustusvoimassa 1918-1948
16. Viacheslav Nikitin; Mirko Harjula: Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapuring kalusto suomen puolustusvoimassa 1918-1948
17. Viacheslav Nikitin; Mirko Harjula: Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapuring kalusto suomen puolustusvoimassa 1918-1948
18. Viacheslav Nikitin; Mirko Harjula: Suomen armeijan venäläinen perintö: Tsaarin upseerit ja itänaapuring kalusto suomen puolustusvoimassa 1918-1948
19. Mikko Bäckström: Kranaatinheittimistön kehittämistyö Suomessa toisen maailmansodan jälkeen, p.47
20. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.142
21. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.178
22. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet p.176
23. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.174
24. Mikko Bäckström: Kranaatinheittimistön kehittämistyö Suomessa toisen maailmansodan jälkeen, p.40
25. Web site: Finnish Army 1918 - 1945: 47 Mm - 60 Mm Mortars.
26. Majuri, Pekka: Vaikk' on synkeä yö, tykki leimua lyö, p.45
27. Web site: FINNISH ARMY 1918 - 1945: MACHINEGUNS PART 2 . 2023-11-27 . www.jaegerplatoon.net.
28. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.23
29. Majuri, Pekka: Vaikk' on synkeä yö, tykki leimua lyö, p.45
30. Web site: FINNISH ARMY 1918 - 1945: MACHINEPISTOLS PART 2 . 2023-11-22 . www.jaegerplatoon.net.
31. Web site: FINNISH ARMY 1918 - 1945: REVOLVERS & PISTOLS PART 4 . 2023-11-24 . www.jaegerplatoon.net.
32. Web site: 2023-04-04 . FINNISH ARMY 1918-1945: REVOLVERS & PISTOLS PART 3 . 2023-12-02 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230404070804/https://www.jaegerplatoon.net/PISTOLS3.htm . 2023-04-04 .
33. Web site: MAAVOIMIEN LIIKKUVUUDEN JA TULIVOIMAN ROLL OUT PANSSARIPRIKAATISSA 5.8.2015 – Esiteltävä kalusto. https://web.archive.org/web/20151005155147/http://www.puolustusvoimat.fi/wcm/a2748e00495d6be1a9e0a98833fba23b/Toimintanaytoksen_materiaalitiedot_5+8+2015.pdf?MOD=AJPERES. Finnish Defence Forces. fi. 5 August 2015. 5 October 2015. 4 May 2016.
34. Panssariseminaari 2009
35. Web site: Suomen ja Venäjän väliset salaiset aseostosopimukset vuosina 1991–96. 15 July 2021.
36. Puolustusvoimat 100 vuotta, p. 296
37. Puolustusvoimat 100 vuotta, p. 296
38. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.104
39. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.37
40. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.37
41. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.42
42. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.46
43. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
44. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.45
45. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.49–52
46. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
47. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.35
48. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
49. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
50. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
51. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39, 67
52. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
53. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
54. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
55. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
56. Markku Palokangas: Jalkaväen raskaat aseet ja ryhmäaseet, p.39
57. https://rannikkotykistomuseo.fi/aikajana/meritorjuntaohjus-85/