List of foreshocks and aftershocks of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake explained

This is a list of foreshocks and aftershocks of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake. Japan had experienced 900 aftershocks after the M9.1 earthquake on March 11, 2011 with about 60 aftershocks being over magnitude 6.0 and three over magnitude 7.0. For conciseness, only earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 7.0 or an intensity greater than lower-6 on the shindo scale are listed here. Mw refers to the moment magnitude scale, while Mjma, Mjma, or Mj refer to the Japan Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale.

Foreshocks

Japan TimeMagnitudeCoordinatesDepthIntensity (shindo)[1] Comment
2011-03-09 11:45Mw 7.3, Mj 7.3[2] 38.424°N 142.836°W32 km[3] 5-The source was estimated to have a length of 28.7 km and a width of 53.2 km with a slip of 1.25 m.[4] Caused a 55 cm tsunami.[5]
2011-03-10 06:23Mw 6.4, Mj 6.838.171°N 143.043°W9 km4Caused 11 cm Tsunami.[6]

Aftershocks

Japan TimeMagnitudeCoordinatesDepthIntensity (shindo)Comment
2011-03-11 15:08Mj 7.439.82°N 139.025°W32 km5-
2011-03-11 15:15Mw 7.9, Mj 7.636.27°N 141.14°W43 km[8] 6+
2011-03-11 15:25Mw 7.7, Mj 7.538.05°N 144.59°W19 km[9] 4
2011-04-07 23:32Mw 7.1, Mj 7.238.253°N 141.64°W42 km[10] 6+ 4 dead, 100+ injured, large scale power outage in Tōhoku region.[11] [12]
2011-04-11 17:16Mw 6.6, Mj 7.037.007°N 140.477°W10 km[13] 6- 6 dead, several injured, localized power outage and landslides in Iwaki, Fukushima.[14]
2011-04-12 14:07Mj 6.437.052°N 140.643°W15 km6-
2011-07-10 09:57Mw 7.0, Mj 7.338.04°N 143.287°W23 km[15] 410 cm of tsunami in Sōma and Ōfunato.[16]
2012-12-07 17:18Mw 7.337.8°N 144.2°W49 km (JMA)
36 km [17] 		5- Tsunami under 1 meter. Considered an aftershock by the National Earthquake Information Center in Colorado, USA.[18]
2013-10-26 02:10Mw 7.137.17°N 144.665°W10 km [19] 4Tsunami[20]
2016-11-22 05:59Mw 6.937.393°N 141.387°W9 km5-
2021-02-13 23:07:497.1
7.3		35 km (USGS)
55 km (JMA)		 6+ This earthquake resulted in at least 1 death and left at least 185 injured.[21] Serious damage was caused. There was no tsunami. It is believed that this was an aftershock of the earthquake almost 10 years to the exact date of the 2011 mainshock.[22]
2021-03-20 18:09:457.0
6.9		54 km (USGS)
60 km (JMA)		5+11 people injured.[23]

Possibly related earthquakes

The following earthquakes are possibly related to the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake. However, agreement toward the relationships has not been reached among the researchers.[24]

Japan TimeMagnitudeCoordinatesDepthIntensity (shindo)Comment
2011-03-12 03:59Mw 6.3, Mj 6.737.02°N 138.36°W8 km
2 km[25] 		6+Possibly a triggered earthquake.[26] [27]
2011-03-12 04:31Mj 5.936.948°N 138.572°W1 km6-Possibly a triggered earthquake.
2011-03-12 05:42Mj 5.336.972°N 138.59°W2 km6-Possibly a triggered earthquake.
2011-03-15 22:31Mw 6.0, Mj 6.435.29°N 138.54°W9 km[28] 6+ 50 injured. Power outage.[29] Near presumed location of magma chamber of Mount Fuji.
Sinistral strike-slip fault.[30] Possibly a triggered earthquake.[31]
2021-05-01 10:27:27[32] 6.847 km5+Three people were injured by the strong shaking.[33]
2022-03-16 23:36:337.3
7.4		63.1 km (USGS)
57 km (JMA)		 6+ A tsunami advisory was issued by the Japan Meteorological Agency for this earthquake. There was 4 dead and 225 injured.[34] [35] [36] An estimated 2.2 million households from 13 prefectures and one metropolitan area were left without power.[37]

References

USGS

  1. http://www.seisvol.kishou.go.jp/eq/shindo_db/shindo_index.html 震度データベース検索
  2. http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/press/1103/25b/kaisetsu201103251730.pdf 「平成23 年(2011 年)東北地方太平洋沖地震」について（第28 報）
  3. https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usb0001r57.php Magnitude 7.2 – NEAR THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
  4. Web site: 2011年3月11日 東北地方太平洋沖地震（M9.0）の特集 — 東北大学 地震・噴火予知研究観測センター . 2011-12-02 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120119193104/http://www.aob.geophys.tohoku.ac.jp/info/topics/20110311_news . 2012-01-19 .
  5. 「日本付近で発生した主な被害地震（平成８年以降） 」JMA, Access date March 5, 2017
  6. http://www.data.jma.go.jp/svd/eqev/data/tsunamihyoka/20110310sanrikuoki/index.html 平成23年3月10日（06時23分）の三陸沖の地震で発表した津波注意報について
  7. https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/official20110311054624120_30/executive . Earthquake.usgs.gov (2011-03-14). Retrieved on 2011-04-12.
  8. http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/bulletin/neic_iiav.html

    Preliminary Earthquake Report: NEAR THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN

  9. http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/bulletin/neic_iiaw.html USGS Earthquake Hazards Program: Preliminary Earthquake Report: OFF THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
  10. https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0002ksa.php Magnitude 7.1 – NEAR THE EAST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
  11. http://www.asahi.com/special/10005/TKY201104080153.html asahi.com（朝日新聞社）：東北の広域停電、完全復旧めどたたず 余震死者２人 – 東日本大震災
  12. http://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20110408/k10015192551000.html ７日の地震 ４人死亡１４１人けが NHKニュース
  13. https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0002n9v.html Magnitude 6.6 – EASTERN HONSHU, JAPAN
  14. Web site: At least 6 killed in new Japan earthquake . . articles.cnn.com . CNN Wire Staff . 11 April 2011 . 2011-04-23 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110602012159/http://articles.cnn.com/2011-04-11/world/japan.quake_1_fukushima-daiichi-nuclear-plant-tsunami-quake . 2 June 2011 .
  15. Web site: Magnitude 7.0 - Off the East Coast of Honshu, Japan 2011 July 10 00:57:12 UTC. 2017-07-23. dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111015132904/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc0004sg6.php . 2011-10-15 .
  16. Web site: Archived copy . 2011-07-10 . 2011-07-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110711114858/http://www.asahi.com/national/update/0710/TKY201107100080.html . dead .
  17. Web site: undefined. 2017-09-03. 2019-02-04. https://web.archive.org/web/20190204125426/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usc000e5n4#summary. live.
  18. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/08/world/asia/japan-quake-in-nuclear-plant-area-stirs-brief-alarm.html Japanese Quake Stirs On-Air Alarm, but No Damage to Nuclear Plants Is Reported
  19. Web site: undefined. 2017-09-03. 2013-10-27. https://web.archive.org/web/20131027223423/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usc000kn4n. live.
  20. Web site: 津波注意報、岩手・宮城は地震４０分後「精査に時間」：朝日新聞デジタル . 2013-10-26 . 2013-10-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029192250/http://www.asahi.com/articles/TKY201310260033.html?ref=com_top6 . live .
  21. News: 1st death confirmed in Feb. 13 northeastern Japan earthquake . 25 February 2021 . Kyodo News . Kyodo News . 25 February 2021 . 25 February 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210225060229/https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2021/02/27bcd1c39fd5-1st-death-confirmed-in-feb-13-northeastern-japan-earthquake.html . live .
  22. News: Large earthquake was an aftershock of 3/11 killer quake, expert says . 14 February 2021 . The Japan Times . 14 February 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210214012552/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/02/14/national/earthquake-fukushima-aftershock/ . live .
  23. Web site: 宮城県沖を震源とする地震による被害及び 消防機関等の対応状況（第６報 . Fire and Disaster Management Agency Disaster Countermeasures Headquarters . 22 March 2021 . Japanese . 22 March 2021 . 23 March 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210323000618/https://www.fdma.go.jp/disaster/info/items/20210320miyagikenokijisin6.pdf . live .
  24. http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/science/news/20110316-OYT1T00315.htm 静岡東部の震度６強、東海地震誘発せず…専門家 : 科学 : YOMIURI ONLINE（読売新聞）
  25. http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/bulletin/neic_iig4.html USGS Earthquake Hazards Program: Preliminary Earthquake Report: NEAR THE WEST COAST OF HONSHU, JAPAN
  26. http://outreach.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/eqvolc/201103_tohoku/ 2011年3月 東北地方太平洋沖地震 | 広報アウトリーチ室
  27. http://www.jma.go.jp/jma/press/1104/12d/201104121700.html 「平成23年（2011年）東北地方太平洋沖地震」について（第38報）
  28. http://neic.usgs.gov/neis/bulletin/neic_imb9.html USGS Earthquake Hazards Program: Preliminary Earthquake Report: EASTERN HONSHU, JAPAN
  29. Web site: ３月15日静岡県東部の地震に関する被害情報（第５ 報） . 9 September 2022 . 27 September 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110927153658/http://www.pref.shizuoka.jp/kinkyu/documents/0315toubujisin5.pdf . dead . Web site: Archived copy . 2011-04-23 . 2011-09-27 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110927153658/http://www.pref.shizuoka.jp/kinkyu/documents/0315toubujisin5.pdf . bot: unknown .
  30. http://www.jishin.go.jp/main/chousa/11mar_shizuoka/index.htm ２０１１年３月１５日静岡県東部の地震の評価
  31. http://sk01.ed.shizuoka.ac.jp/koyama/public_html/etc/EastJM9.html 東日本沖巨大地震
  32. Web site: M 6.8 - 38 km ESE of Ishinomaki, Japan. United States Geological Survey. May 1, 2021. 2021-05-01. 2021-05-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20210501014739/https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us7000dz5t/executive. live.
  33. Web site: 6.8-Magnitude Quake Rattles Northeast Japan, No Tsunami Risk. 2021-05-01. Channels Television. 2021-05-01. https://web.archive.org/web/20210501091258/https://www.channelstv.com/2021/05/01/6-8-magnitude-quake-rattles-northeast-japan-no-tsunami-risk/. live.
  34. News: 地震による原発の異常なし、４人死亡・９７人負傷…参院予算委で首相 . No abnormalities in the nuclear power plant due to the earthquake, 4 people died, 97 people injured ... Prime Minister at the House of Councilors Budget Committee . 17 March 2022 . Yahoo News Japan . 17 March 2022 . ja . 17 March 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220317005035/https://news.yahoo.co.jp/articles/7a434d8f525beb3d4f58bb350f0d1ce5603bb0c7 . live .
  35. News: 地震【随時更新】宮城・福島で震度6強 被害状況は . Earthquake [Updated from time to time] Seismic intensity 6 strong in Miyagi and Fukushima . 17 March 2022 . . 17 March 2022 . Japanese . 16 March 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220316211039/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20220317/k10013536631000.html . live .
  36. Web site: 地震 宮城 福島で震度6強 3人死亡 225人けが（19:00） . . 17 March 2022 . 16 March 2022 . 17 March 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220317143023/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20220317/amp/k10013536771000.html . live .
  37. News: 宮城、福島で震度６強 けが人、搬送相次ぐ . Injured people with seismic intensity 6 or higher in Miyagi and Fukushima, one after another . 16 March 2022 . . . 17 March 2022 . ja . 16 March 2022 . https://web.archive.org/web/20220316154704/https://www.okinawatimes.co.jp/articles/-/926926 . live .

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