List of foreign politicians of Chinese descent explained

This article contains a list of Wikipedia articles about politicians in countries outside of the Greater China who are of Chinese descent.

Monarchs

Historical monarchs

This is a list of monarchs other than the monarchies of Greater China who were/are of either full or partial of Chinese descent or claim so through mythological roots. Despite the presence of historical records, the alleged Chinese descent of some of the following monarchs are contested by modern scholars.

Monarchs of partial or full Chinese ancestry
NameRealmReignComments
Kinh Dương Vương
Chinese: 祿續
Vietnam2879 BC–?The founder of the legendary Hồng Bàng dynasty, Lộc Tục, was recorded as a descendant of the mythological Chinese ruler Shennong[1]
Jizi
Chinese: 箕子
Korea1120 BC–?The founder of the legendary Gija Joseon, Jizi was a mythological Chinese sage from the Shang dynasty who became the ruler of the semi-legendary state of Gojoseon.[2]
Thục Phán
Chinese: 蜀泮
Vietnam257–179 BCAccording to two historical Vietnamese texts, Vietnamese: [[Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư]] and Vietnamese: [[Khâm định Việt sử Thông giám cương mục]], Thục Phán of the Thục dynasty was from modern-day Sichuan, China, where it was previously ruled by the ancient Chinese State of Shu.[3] [4] [5] [6]
Wiman of Gojoseon
Chinese: 衛滿
Korea194 BC–?The founder of Wiman Joseon, was a Chinese born General from Yan who fled to Gojoseon and later usurped the native ruler of Gojoseon, Jun of Gojoseon.[7]
Hyeokgeose of Silla
Korea57 BC–4 ADThe founder of Silla, Hyeokgeose, was allegedly of partial Chinese descent. His mother, Lady Saso, was supposedly from China and later settled in the Jinhan confederacy. However, Goryeo historian and compiler of the Samguk Sagi, Kim Bu-sik questioned this tale.[8] [9] All Silla monarchs from the Bak clan were paternal descendants of Hyeokgeose, while those from the Seok clan (with the exception of Talhae) traced their lineage to Hyeokgeose via his granddaughter, Lady Ahyo (Chinese: [[:zh:阿孝夫人|阿孝夫人]]; Korean: 아효부인).
Chumo the Holy
Korea37–19 BCThe founder of Goguryeo, who according to Samguk sagi, claimed descent from the mythological Chinese ruler Zhuanxu.[10] [11] [12] [13] [14] However, this myth was dismissed in the Samguk Sagi itself.[15]
Onjo
Chinese: 扶餘溫祚
Korea18 BC–28 ADThe founder of Baekje, Buyeo Onjo, was descended from the ruling family of Goguryeo.[16] However, the myth that the royal Ko family of Koguryo was descended from a mythical Chinese emperor was dismissed in the Samguk Sagi.
Kujula Kadphises
Chinese: 丘就卻
Bactria30–80 ADThe founder of the Kushan dynasty, Kujula Kadphises, was descended from a lineage of Yuezhi tribe hailing from modern-day Gansu, China.[17]
Phạm Văn
Chinese: 范文
Lâm Ấp336–349 ADThe founder of Dynasty II of Champa, Phạm Văn, was of Chinese origin.[18]
Lý Bôn
Chinese: 李賁
Vietnam544–548 ADThe founder of the Early Lý dynasty, Lý Bôn, was descended from Chinese refugees who fled Wang Mang's seizure of power in the final years of the Western Han.[19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25]
Wang Geon
Chinese: 王建
Korea918–943 ADAccording to the Pyeon Nyeon Tong Rok (Chinese: 編年通錄; Korean: [[:kr:편년통록|편년통록]]), Wang Geon was the great-grandson of Emperor Suzong of Tang; according to the Byeon Nyeon Gang Mok (Chinese: 編年綱目; Korean: 변년강목), he was the great-grandson of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang.[26] [27] However, the story that Wang Geon was descended from either Suzong or Xuanzong was dismissed in the Goryeo Sa.[28]
Lý Công Uẩn
Chinese: 李公蘊
Vietnam1009–1028 ADThe first emperor of the Lý dynasty, Lý Công Uẩn, could have his paternal bloodline traced to modern-day Fujian, China.[29] [30] [31] [32] Lý Công Uẩn's father, Lý Thuần An, escaped to Quanzhou from Hebei after Lý Công Uẩn's grandfather, Li Song, was wrongly accused of treason and executed by the Emperor Yin of Later Han.[33] [34]
Trần Cảnh
Chinese: 陳煚
Vietnam1226–1258 ADThe origin of the Trần dynasty was traced to modern Fujian, where the ancestor of the Trần imperial clan, Trần Kính, migrated from in the 11th century.[35] [36]
Sukaphaa
Chinese: 蘇卡法
Assam1228–1268 ADThe founder of the Ahom dynasty, Sukaphaa, was originally from modern-day Yunnan, China.[37]
Uthong
Chinese: 烏通
Siam1350–1370 ADUthong, the first king of Ayutthaya Kingdom, was an ethnic Chinese.[38] This was also mentioned in a 17th-century account by Jeremias van Vliet.
Hồ Quý Ly
Chinese: 胡季犛
Vietnam1400–1407 ADThe founders of the Hồ dynasty claimed descent from the Duke Hu of Chen, the founder of the ancient Chinese State of Chen.[39] [40] The Duke Hu of Chen was in turn descended from the legendary Emperor Shun, who was recognized by Hồ Quý Ly as the progenitor of the Hồ imperial family.[41] [42] The Hồ family migrated from present-day Zhejiang, China to Vietnam under Hồ Hưng Dật during the 10th century.
Trần Ngỗi
Chinese: 陳頠
Vietnam1407–1413 ADThe Later Trần dynasty was ruled by the same imperial clan as the earlier Trần dynasty. Trần Ngỗi, the founder of the Later Trần dynasty, was a son of the ninth Trần monarch, Trần Phủ.
Liang Daoming
Palembang14th century–15th century AD[43] [44]
Mạc Cửu
Chinese: 鄚玖
Principality of Hà Tiên1707–1736 ADThe founder of the Principality of Hà Tiên, Mạc Cửu, was a Chinese from Leizhou, China.[45] [46]
Taksin
Chinese: 達信
Siam1767–1782 ADThe founder and only king of the Thonburi dynasty, Taksin, had Chinese, Thai, and Mon ancestry. His father, Zheng Yong, was a Teochew Chinese from Chenghai, China.[47]
Nguyễn Nhạc
Chinese: 阮岳
Vietnam1778–1788 ADRulers of the Tây Sơn dynasty, initially surnamed Vietnamese: Hồ, were descended from the same line as the Hồ dynasty.[48]
Piang Tan
Chinese: 陳皮昂
Maguindanao people19th to 20th Century ADThe founder of the House of Piang, Piang Tan, was of mixed Chinese and Maguindanaon heritage.[49] [50] [51] [52] [53] [54] [55] His father, Tuya Tan, was from Amoy, China.
Ang Sar
Chinese: 安紹
Cambodia1927–1941 ADSisowath Monivong (r. 1927–1941), the second and final Cambodian monarch from the House of Sisowath, was of partial Chinese descent. His mother, Varni Van (Chinese: [[:zh:万妃|萬妃]]; Central Khmer: សម្តេចព្រះវររាជនីវ៉ាន់), was a Chinese Cambodian.

Modern monarchs

This is a list current monarchs other than the monarchies of Greater China who are of full or partial Chinese descent.

Modern monarchs of partial or full Chinese ancestry

Siam/ThailandAD 1782–presentThongduang
Chinese: 通鑾
The founder of the Chakri dynasty, Thongduang, was of mixed Chinese and Mon descent.[56] [57] His mother, Daoreung, was partially Chinese.[58] [59]

CambodiaAD 1860–1904,
AD 1941–1970,
AD 1993–present
Ang Voddey
Chinese: 安瓦戴
Cambodian monarchs of the House of Norodom acquired Chinese heritage from Varni Van (Chinese: [[:zh:万妃|萬妃]]; Central Khmer: សម្តេចព្រះវររាជនីវ៉ាន់), a Chinese Cambodian consort of Sisowath. She was the maternal great-grandmother of Norodom Sihanouk (r. 1941–1955, 1993–2004) and the paternal great-great-grandmother of Norodom Sihamoni (r. 2004–present), the reigning Cambodian king.

JohorAD 1886–presentAbu Bakar
Chinese: 阿布·峇卡
Johor monarchs of the House of Temenggong acquired Chinese heritage from Cecilia Catherina Lange,[60] the second wife of Abu Bakar with Chinese and Danish ancestry. Ibrahim (r. 1895–1959) and all subsequent Johor sultans, including the reigning Ibrahim Ismail (r. 2010–present), are descended from Lange.

Other politicians

This is a list of politicians who were/are not heads of state and heads of government outside of Greater China of partial or full Chinese heritage. Entries are sorted according to alphabetical order.

Australia

See also: List of Asian Australian politicians.

Belize

Brunei

Cambodia

Canada

Estonia

Fiji

France

Gabon

Guam

Guatemala

Guyana

Honduras

Indonesia

Ireland

Jamaica

Japan

Kiribati

Korea

Laos

Malaysia

Mauritius

Mexico

Myanmar

The Netherlands

Timor-Leste

New Zealand

Norway

Pakistan

Papua New Guinea

Peru

Poland

The Philippines

Ryukyu Kingdom

Samoa

Singapore

Solomon Islands

South Africa

Soviet Union

Switzerland

Thailand

Trinidad and Tobago

United Kingdom

United States

Vietnam

Zimbabwe

See also

Notes and References

  1. Book: Vu. Hong Lien. Rice and Baguette: A History of Food in Vietnam. 2016. Reaktion Books . 9781780237046.
  2. [Ilyon]
  3. From Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư:

  4. From Khâm định Việt sử Thông giám cương mục:

  5. https://books.google.com/books?id=rCl_02LnNVIC&dq=an+duong+vuong+shu&pg=PA19 Taylor (1983), p. 19
  6. https://books.google.com/books?id=qB21AAAAIAAJ&q=In+257+B.C.+An+Duong+Vuong+dethroned+the+last+Hung+king,+and+the+kingdom+of+Van+Lang+ceased+to+exist.+Traditional+Vietnamese+historiography+relates+that+An+Duong+Vuong+came+from+Pa+Shu+(usually+thought+to+be+in+modern+Sichuan). Asian Perspectives, Volume 28, Issue 1 (1990), p. 36
  7. Lee, Ki-baik: Walled-Town States and Confederated Kingdoms. The New History of Korea, page 16-17. Harvard University Press, 1984
  8. Book: 사소 (娑蘇). Encyclopedia of Korean Culture.
  9. Samguk Yusa (Memorabilia of the three Kingdoms), volume 5, clause 7.
  10. Book: National Institute of Korean History. National Institute of Korean History. 三國史記 卷第二十八 百濟本紀 第六. National Institute of Korean HistoryDatabase.
  11. Book: National Institute of Korean History. National Institute of Korean History. 三國史記 卷第十八 髙句麗本紀 第六. National Institute of Korean HistoryDatabase.
  12. Book: 한국인문고전연구소 원문과 함께 읽는 삼국사기 의자왕 義慈王. 한국인문고전연구소.
  13. Book: 한국인문고전연구소 원문과 함께 읽는 삼국사기 광개토왕 廣開土王. 한국인문고전연구소.
  14. Jin Guanglin .

    ja:金光林 (歴史学者)

    . 2014 . A Comparison of the Korean and Japanese Approaches to Foreign Family Names . Journal of Cultural Interaction in East Asia . 5 . . 30.
  15. p. 94. Remco Breuker. Establishing a Pluralist Society in Medieval Korea, 918-1170.
  16. Book: Brown. Ju. Brown. John. China, Japan, Korea: Culture and Customs. 2006. 92. Ju Brown . 9781438109961.
  17. Book: Tucker. Jonathan. The Silk Road - China and the Karakorum Highway: A Travel Companion. 2015. Bloomsbury . 9780857739339.
  18. Book: Higham. Charles. Encyclopedia of Ancient Asian Civilizations. 2014. 65. Infobase . 9781438109961.
  19. https://books.google.com/books?id=rCl_02LnNVIC&pg=PA135 Taylor (1983), p. 135
  20. Walker (2012), p. 134
  21. Catino (2010), p. 142
  22. Kohn (2006), p. 308
  23. Coedès (1966), pp. 45–46
  24. Lockhart (2010), p. 221
  25. West (2009), p. 870
  26. Web site: 장 . 덕순 . ko:고려국조신화(高麗國祖神話) . http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0003437 . . . 16 September 2022 . ko . 1995.
  27. Book: 高雲基. 韓国の中世における女性: 13世紀の文献資料を中心に. 慶應義塾大学日吉紀要. 言語・文化・コミュニケーション No.27. 慶應義塾大学日吉紀要刊行委員会. 86.
  28. Rogers, Michael C. "P'yŏnnyŏn T'ongnok: The Foundation Legend of the Koryŏ State." Journal of Korean Studies, vol. 4, 1982, p. 3-72. Project MUSE, https://doi.org/10.1353/jks.1982.0005. QUOTE: "Very different was the reaction of the scholars of the early Yi who compiled the Koryŏ-sa. They contemptuously dismiss the story, commenting that whether applied to Su-tsung or to Hsüan-tsung it was no more than a specious product of Sŏn records, hence unworthy of credence. (p. 43-44)
  29. Book: Le Minh Khai (Liam Kelley Professor of Vietnam History at University of Hawaii at Manoa). The Stranger Kings of the Lý and Trần Dynasties. 7 September 2013 . 2019-10-21. https://web.archive.org/web/20160311063214/https://leminhkhai.wordpress.com/2013/09/07/the-stranger-kings-of-the-ly-and-tran-dynasties/. 2016-03-11.
  30. 千年前泉州人李公蕴越南当皇帝 越南史上重要人物之一
  31. 两安海人曾是安南皇帝 有关专家考证李公蕴、陈日煚籍属晋江安海
  32. Book: The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas. 228. Lynn Pan. 1998. Harvard University Press. 0674252101.
  33. Origin of Lý Thái Tổ
  34. Web site: Ethnic origin of Kinh in Vietnam .
  35. Web site: Ham sắc, Tô Trung Từ tự hại mình . 2017-09-03.
  36. Web site: Nhà Trần khởi nghiệp . 2017-09-03.
  37. Book: Minahan. James. Encyclopedia of Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups around the World. 2016. 406. Abc-Clio . 9781610699549.
  38. Book: Tarling. Nicholas. The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia. 1999. 170. Cambridge University Press . 9780521663694.
  39. Book: K. W. Taylor. A History of the Vietnamese. 9 May 2013. Cambridge University Press. 978-0-521-87586-8. 166–.
  40. Book: Kenneth R. Hall. Secondary Cities and Urban Networking in the Indian Ocean Realm, C. 1400-1800. 2008. Lexington Books. 978-0-7391-2835-0. 161–.
  41. Book: Trần. Xuân Sinh. Thuyết Trần. 2003. 403. ...Quý Ly claims Hồ's ancestor to be Mãn the Duke Hồ [Man, Duke Hu], founding meritorious general of the Chu dynasty, king Ngu Thuấn's [king Shun of Yu] descendant, created his country's name Đại Ngu....
  42. Book: Trần. Trọng Kim. Trần Trọng Kim. Việt Nam sử lược . 1919 . I . I.III.XI. . Quí Ly deposed Thiếu-đế, but respected [the relationship] that he [Thiếu Đế] was his [Quí Ly's] grandson, only demoted him to prince Bảo-ninh Chinese: 保寧大王, and claimed himself [Quí Ly] the Emperor, changing his surname to Hồ Chinese: . Originally the surname Hồ [Chinese: Hu] were descendants of the surname Ngu [Chinese: Yu] in China, so Quí Ly created a new name for his country Đại-ngu Chinese: 大虞..
  43. http://www.fjql.org/qszl/xsyj65.htm 14th century Zheng He and the Huaqiao Policy 郑和的国家观与"华侨政策"
  44. Leo Suryadinata, International Zheng He Society, Institute of Southeast Asian Studies - 2005 - History - 168 pages
  45. Bruce McFarland Lockhart, William J. Duiker Historical dictionary of Vietnam 2006 Page 228 "Mạc Cửu (1655–1736) A Chinese immigrant who established his family in the Hà Tiên area of the Mekong Delta. ... he threw in his lot with the Vietnamese"
  46. Book: Bruce M. Lockhart. William J. Duiker. Historical Dictionary of Vietnam. 27 February 2006. Scarecrow Press. 978-0-8108-6505-1. 228–.
  47. https://books.google.com/books?id=0LgSI9UQNpwC&dq=tran+fukien&pg=PA8 Woodside 1971
  48. Book: Social Issues in Area Studies Perspectives: Theory and Cases. 2010. 112. 9789797995447.
  49. Book: O. W. Wolters. History, Culture, and Region in Southeast Asian Perspectives. January 1999. SEAP Publications. 978-0-87727-725-5. 134–.
  50. Book: Leo Suryadinata. Migration, Indigenization and Interaction: Chinese Overseas and Globalization. 2011. World Scientific. 978-981-4365-91-8. 237–.
  51. Book: Thomas M. McKenna. Muslim Rulers and Rebels: Everyday Politics and Armed Separatism in the Southern Philippines. 10 August 1998. University of California Press. 978-0-520-91964-8. 91–.
  52. Book: James R. Arnold. The Moro War: How America Battled a Muslim Insurgency in the Philippine Jungle, 1902-1913. 26 July 2011. Bloomsbury USA. 978-1-60819-024-9. 132–.
  53. Book: Michael Salman. The Embarrassment of Slavery: Controversies Over Bondage and Nationalism in the American Colonial Philippines. 2001. University of California Press. 978-0-520-22077-5. 67–.
  54. Book: Robert A. Fulton. Moroland, 1899-1906: America's First Attempt to Transform an Islamic Society. 2007. Robert Fulton. 978-0-9795173-0-3. 61–.
  55. Book: Mark S. Williams. Business and Peace: The Case of La Frutera Plantation in Datu Paglas, Maguindanao, Philippines. 20 June 2011. Universal-Publishers. 978-1-61233-758-6. 42–.
  56. Book: Lim. Hua Sing. Japan and China in East Asian Integration. 2008. 289. 9789812307446.
  57. Book: Reid. Anthony. A History of Southeast Asia: Critical Crossroads. 2015. 215. 9780631179610.
  58. Web site: Britannica encyclopedia . Britannica.com . 2019-02-26.
  59. http://www.cpamedia.com/articles/20060622_04/ Down Sampeng Lane: The Story of Bangkok's China Town
  60. Book: Hanna. Willard. Willard A. Hanna. A Brief History Of Bali: Piracy, Slavery, Opium and Guns: The Story of a Pacific Paradise. 2016. 123. 9781462918751.