List of first novels by language explained

A list of first ever novel written in various languages.

!Language!Year of publication!Name of the novel!Name in native language!Author!Country

	1890	Bhanumati		Padmanath Gohain Baruah	India
Arabic	1160 (approx.)	Hayy ibn Yaqdhan		Ibn Tufayl	Al-Andalus
Aromanian	1903	Graves Without Crosses		Nuși Tulliu	Romania
	1857	Alaler Gharer Dulal^[1]		Peary Chand Mitra	India
Bhojpuri	1956	Bindiya^[2]	बिंदिया	Ramnath Pandey	India
	1904	Maung Yin Maung, Ma Me Ma^[3]		James Hla Kyaw	Myanmar
Catalan	1283	Romance of Evast and Blaquerna		Ramon Llull	Majorca (Crown of Aragon)
	14th century	Romance of the Three Kingdoms		Luo Guanzhong	China
	1607	L'Astrée		Honoré d'Urfé	France
Hindi	1882	Pariksha Guru^[4]		Lala Srinivas Das	India
Japanese	11th century	The Tale of Genji		Murasaki Shikibu	Japan
Kannada	1899	Indira Bai		Gulvadi Venkata Rao	India
Malayalam	1887	Kundalatha		Appu Nedungadi	India
Meitei	1930	Madhavi^[5]		Lamabam Kamal Singh	India
	1857	Yamuna Paryatan		Baba Padamji	India
	1903	Bir Charitra^[6]		Girish Ballabh Joshi	Nepal
Northern Ndebele	1956	The Ndebele Uprising^[7]	Umvukela WamaNdebele	Ndabaningi Sithole	Zimbabwe
Odia	1888	Padmamali^[8]		Umesh Chandra Sarkar	India
	1937	The Blind Owl		Sadegh Hedayat	Iran
Pashto	1912	Mah Rukh		Rahat Zakheli	Pakistan
	1898	Sundari		Bhai Vir Singh	India
	1842	Dead Souls		Nikolai Gogol	Russia
Sanskrit	7th century	Kadambari		Bāṇabhaṭṭa	India
Shona	1956	Feso^[9]	Feso	Solomon Mutswairo	Zimbabwe
Spanish	1605	Don Quixote^[10]		Miguel de Cervantes	Spain
Tamil	1879	Prathapa Mudaliar Charitram		Samuel Vedanayagam Pillai	India
	1867	Sri Rangaraju Charitra		Narahari Gopalakrishnama Setty	India
Turkish	1872	The Love of Talat and Fitnat^[11]		Sami Frashëri	Turkey
Urdu	1869	Mirat-ul-Uroos			India
Uzbek	1926	Bygone Days^[12]		Abdullah Qodiriy	Uzbekistan
Xhosa	1907	USamson^[13]		S.E.K. Mqhayi	South Africa

Notes and References

1. Web site: আলালের ঘরের দুলাল - বাংলাপিডিয়া . 2022-04-19 . bn.banglapedia.org. bn.
2. Book: Bhojapurī nibandha nikuñja: Bhojapurī ke taintālīsa go cunala nibandha . 1977 . Akhila Bhāratīya Bhojapurī Sāhitya Sammelana . bh.
3. Web site: Pe . U. On . 1958-02-01 . Modern Burmese Literature . 2022-03-23 . The Atlantic . en.
4. Kalsi . A. S. . 1992 . Parīksāguru (1882): The First Hindi Novel and the Hindu Elite . Modern Asian Studies . en . 26 . 4 . 763–790 . 10.1017/S0026749X00010064 . 144281907 . 1469-8099.
5. Web site: Venkatesh . Karthik . 2017-01-01 . The maiden novels of Indian languages . 2022-03-23 . mint . en.
6. Web site: Dhakal . Ashish . The story of books in Nepal . 26 December 2021 . 2022-03-23 . en-US.
7. Book: Kamusella . Tomasz . The Social and Political History of Southern Africa's Languages . Ndhlovu . Finex . 2017-11-21 . Palgrave Macmillan . 978-1-137-01593-8 . London . 108 . en.
8. Book: Mohanty, S . Colonialism, Modernity, and Literature: A View from India . 25 April 2011 . Springer . 106 . 9780230118348 .
9. Mutasa . D. E. . 1999-03-01 . Allegory, realism and fantasy in Feso . South African Journal of African Languages . 19 . 4 . 245–249 . 10.1080/02572117.1999.10587403 . Taylor & Francis Online.
10. Web site: Bloom . Harold . 2003-12-13 . Harold Bloom on Don Quixote, the first modern novel . 2022-03-23 . the Guardian . en.
11. Web site: Arslanbenzer . Hakan . 2019-09-14 . Şemsettin Sami Frasheri: The first Turkish novelist and lexicographer . 2022-03-23 . Daily Sabah . en-US.
12. Web site: Reese . Mark . Bygone Days, the first Uzbek novel, is a political love story set in the colonial past Calvert Reads . 2022-03-23 . The Calvert Journal.
13. Opland . Jeff . 2007 . The First Novel in Xhosa . Research in African Literatures . 38 . 4 . 87–110 . 10.2979/RAL.2007.38.4.87 . 20109540 . 153584010 . 0034-5210.