List of first female physicians by country explained

This is a list of the first qualified female physician to practice in each country, where that is known. Many, if not all, countries have had female physicians since time immemorial; however, modern systems of qualification have often commenced as male only, whether de facto or de jure. This lists the first women physicians in modern countries. The dates given in parentheses below are the dates the women graduated from medical school.

Africa

CountryPhysicianYear graduatedmedical schoolYear beganpractice
Aldjia Noureddine-Benallègue[1] 19461946
Melba Dias Costa[2] 1950
Solange Faladé[3] [4] 1955
Nolwandle Nozipo Mashalaba[5] 1965
Bibiane Kone[6]
Marcelline Ntakibirora[7] 19821983
Gladys Ejomi[8] 1962
Maria Francisca de Oliveira Sousa[9] [10]
Grace Kodindo[11] 1977
Zaitouni Abdou[12]
Louise Celia Fleming[13] [14] 18951895
Hilana Sedarous[15] [16] 19301930
Margarita Roka Elobo[17] [18]
Fanny Friedman[19]
Widad Kidanemariam[20] c. 1960s
Kinneh Sogur[21] 2007
Susan Ofori-Atta[22] 19491949
Christiane Welffens-Ekra[23] [24] c. 1975
Mary de Sousa[25] 1919
Bertha Hardegger[26] (born in Switzerland)1937
Florence Gbeye D. McClain[27] 1962
Younes Qwaider1969
Marthe Ramiaramanana-Ralivao[28] 1950
Vida Mungwira[29] [30] (the country was then known as Nyasaland)1956
Diaka Diawara Sacko[31]
Nusaiba Abdel-Qader and Meimouna mint Mohamed Lemine[32] [33] 20152015
Sajeda Vayid[34] 1965
Françoise Legey[35] (born in France)19001909
Libertina Amathila[36] 19691969
Elizabeth Abimbola Awoliyi[37] 19381938
Yvonne Obenga[38] [39] c. 1970s
Julieta da Graça do Espírito Santo[40] [41] 1955
Marie-Thérèse Basse[42] 19571958
Hilda Stevenson-Delhomme[43] 1939
Irene Ighodaro[44] [45] 1945
Hawa Abdi[46] 19711971
Jane Elizabeth Waterston[47] 1880
Khalida Zahir[48] 19521952
Zaroui Sarkissian[49] [50] 1952
Esther Mwaikambo[51] 19691969
Tewhida Ben Sheikh19361936
Josephine Nambooze[52] [53] 19591962
Elwyn Chomba[54] [55] 1973
Madeline Nyamwanza-Makonese[56] 19701970

Americas

CountryPhysicianYear graduatedmedical schoolYear beganpractice
Ruby Lake-Richards[57] 19541954
Cecilia Grierson[58] 18891889
Merceline Dahl-Regis[59] c. 1960s
Amelia Chopitea Villa[60] 19261929
Marie Durocher[61] 18341834
[62] Emily Stowe[63] 1867

1875

1867

1875

Jennie Kidd Trout[64] 18751875
Eloísa Díaz[65] 18861887
Ana Galvis Hotz[66] 18771877
Anita Figueredo[67] (lived in the U.S.)1936
Laura Martínez de Carvajal[68] 18891889
Sarah Loguen Fraser[69] 1884
Matilde Hidalgo[70] 19211921
Estela Gavidia[71] 19451945
Maria Isabel Escobar[72] 19421946
Asin Ho A Shoo (Hoashoo)[73] 19121912
Yvonne Sylvain[74] 19401940
Martha Raudales de Midence[75] 19471947
Cicely Williams[76] 19231923
Matilde Montoya[77] 18871887
Concepción Palacios Herrera[78] 19271928
Lidia Gertrudis Sogandares[79] 19341936
Gabriela Valenzuela and Froilana Mereles[80] 1924
Laura Esther Rodriguez Dulanto[81] 18991900
Jean Lenore Harney[82]
Betty Bennet Wells[83] 1939
Sophie Redmond[84] 19351935
Stella Abidh[85] 1930
Elizabeth Blackwell[86] (born in England)18491851
Paulina Luisi[87] 19081909
Lya Imber[88] 19361936

Asia

CountryPhysicianYear graduatedmedical schoolYear beganpractice
Maghul M. Ali[89] 19571957
Sona Valikhan[90] 19081908
Sadeeqa Ali Al-Awadi[91] 1969
Zohra Begum Kazi[92] 1935
Datin Paduka Dr Hjh Intan[93]
Kek Galabru[94] [95] 19681968
Kin Yamei18851885
Anandi Gopal Joshi / Kadambini Ganguly[96] [97] 1886
Marie Thomas[98] 19121922
Sakineh Peri[99] [100] 1934
Anna Sethian[101] 1922[102]
Ogino Ginko[103] 18821885
Nirmen Totanji[104] 19531953
Esther Park (Kim Jeom-dong)[105] 1900
Kakish Ryskulovna Ryskulova[106] 19441944
Eleanor Jane Taylor Calverley[107] (born in the U.S.)19081911
Anisa Saiba[108] [109] c. 1890sc. 1890s
Salma Ismail[110] 19471947
V. Ichinkhorloo[111] [112] [113] 1947
Daw Saw Sa[114] 1912
Jamila Sen[115] [116] 18971899
Zakiyyah Bint Salem Bin Seif Al Me'man[117] 1944
Khabzam Iqbal[118] c. 1983
Honoria Acosta-Sison[119] 19091909
Nawal Jamal Al-Lail[120]
Lee Choo Neo[121] 19191919
May Ratnayake[122] 19161916
Sabat Islambouli[123] 18901890
Tsai Ah-hsin[124] 19211925
Sofya Khafizovna Khakimova[125] 19431943
Pierra Vejjabul[126] 19361936
Zulekha Daoud[127] 1963
Zulfiya Ibragimovna Umidova[128] 19221922
Henriette Bùi Quang Chiêu[129] 1934
Claudie Fayein[130] [131] (born in France)1955

Europe

CountryPhysicianYear graduated
medical school		Year began
practice
Xhanfize (Frashëri) Basha[134] 1937
Vergine G. Mikaelyan[135] 1927
Gabriele Possanner[136] 18971897
Salome Regina Rusetskaya[137]
Isala Van Diest[138] 18791879
Teodora Krajewska[139] c. 1897[140]
Anastasia Golovina[141] 18781878
Karola Maier Milobar[142] 19001906
Maria Michaelides[143] 19271927
Anna Honzáková[144] 19021902
Nielsine Nielsen[145] 18861889
Selma Feldbach[146] 1904
Rosina Heikel18781878
Madeleine Brès[147] 18751875
Pelagia Natsvlishvili[148] 18781878
Dorothea Erxleben[149] [150] 17541754
Maria Kalapothakes[151] 18941894
Vilma Hugonnai[152] 18791897
Kristín Ólafsdóttir[153] 1917[154]
Eleanora Fleury[155] 18901890
Dorotea Buccapre-1390
Gulsum Asfendiyarova and Zeinep Sadykovna.[156] 1908
Marija Vecrumba[157] 19111911
Barbora Burbaitė-Eidukevičienė[158] 18921900
Louise Welter[159] [160] 19241924
Blanche Huber[161] 19251925
Maria Baltaga-Savitski[162] 1879
Divna Veković[163] 1940s
Aletta Jacobs[164] 18791879
Suncica Apostolova[165] 1953
Marie Spångberg Holth[166] 18931893
Anna Tomaszewicz-Dobrska[167] 18771877
Elisa Augusta da Conceição Andrade[168] 18891889
Maria Cuțarida-Crătunescu[169] 18841891
Nadezhda Suslova[170] 18671868
Draga Ljočić[171] 18791881
Mária Bellová[172] 1910
Eleonora Jenko Groyer[173] 1907
Dolors Aleu i Riera[174] 18791882
Lovisa ÅhrbergNever educated;
certified 1850s		1840
Marie Heim-Vögtlin18741874
Safiye Ali1922
Sofia Okunevska[175] 18941897
Elizabeth Garrett Anderson[176] 18621865

Oceania

CountryPhysicianYear graduated
medical school		Year began
practice
Constance Stone1890
Kanta Madovji[177] 1968
Terenganuea Taaram[178] (then known as the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony)before 1974
Ulai Otobed[179] 1965
Emily Siedeberg[180] 18961905
Joan Refshauge[181] [182] 1947
Viopapa Annandale-Atherton[183] [184] 1964
Junilyn Pikacha[185] 19781981
'Akanesi Makakaufaki[186] 1976
Nese Ituaso-Conway[187] 1999
Miliama Simeona1999

See also

Notes and References

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