List of equipment of the Syrian Army explained

This is an inventory of military equipment of the Syrian Arab Army.[1] The organization and military doctrine of the Syrian Armed Forces followed a mix of French and Western influences as the Soviet Union closely guarded its operational principles and never shared them with client states. The Syrian Arab Army has traditionally relied on the Russian Federation and its predecessor the Soviet Union as its main supplier of military equipment. As a result of the Syrian Civil War, many vehicles and much heavy equipment has been destroyed or captured, with some stores being partially replenished from Russian stocks. Accurate numbers for equipment in the Army's inventory are difficult to ascertain. The numbers listed below should be regarded as optimistic estimates. Some armored vehicles were lost in past decades without being accounted for, while many others were not operational (or even beyond repair) at the start of the Syrian Civil War due to being in long-term storage with minimal or no maintenance. Given these factors, it has been estimated that more realistic estimates would be about 33% lower than what is listed below.[2]

Individual equipment

NamePhotoOriginTypeQuantityNotes
Camouflage & Uniforms
LizardCombat uniformN/AFormer standard combat uniform of Syrian Army during the 1960s and 1970s.[3]
DPM patternCombat uniformN/ALocally made copy.
ERDL patternCombat uniformN/AStandard combat uniform for the Syrian Army since the 1990s. Locally produced as the Leaf Pattern. Used as main camouflage pattern during the Syrian civil war.[4]
M81 WoodlandCombat uniformN/ALocally made copy. Standard combat uniform for the Syrian Army since 2005.
EMR DesertCombat uniformN/ADelivered by Russia since 2023. Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[5] [6]
MultiCamCombat uniformN/ADelivered by Russia since 2023. Used by 25th SMF Division.[7]
Helmets
JK 96 helmetCombat helmetN/AStandard combat helmet.[8]
Combat helmetN/AIran made copy. Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[9]
FAST
Combat helmet N/ARussian LShZ 1+ variant. Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[10]
6B7Combat helmet N/ASupplied by Russia since 2015.
6B47Combat helmet N/ASome units of the Syrian Army were equipped with Ratnik since 2016.[11] [12]
SSh-60Combat helmetN/AFor the reserve forces.
SSh-68Combat helmetN/AFor the reserve forces.[13]
Hełm wz. 50Combat helmetN/APossibly in storage.[14]
Hełm wz. 67Combat helmetN/AFor the reserve forces.[15]
Protective gear
TAT-BA-7Ballistic vestN/AChina/Syria made copy. Standard issue for regular infantry.
Ruyin-3 Ballistic vestN/AUsed by Republican Guard and special forces.[16]
6B45[17] Ballistic vestN/ASupplied by Russia.
Plate carrier N/ASupplied by Russia.
Load bearing vestN/ASupplied by Russia.
Protection against chemical contamination
GP-5 gas maskGas maskN/A
Gas maskN/A
Gas mask N/A

Pistols

NamePhoto OriginCartridgeNotes
8-round magazine. Main service pistol of the Syrian Army. 65,000 units.
8-round magazine.
8-round magazine.
20-round detachable magazine.
18-round detachable magazine. Used by Syrian Armed Forces and Police. 12,000 units.
18-round magazine. Used by 25th Special Mission Forces Division. 23,000 units.[18] [19]
13-round magazine. Main police service pistol.
Girsan Regard Compact9x19mm Parabellum15-round magazine. Copy of the Beretta 92F. Brought from Turkey before 2011.[20]

Carbines

NamePhotoOriginCartridgeNotes
30-round magazine. Main service carbine.[21]
20-round magazine. Limited usage by the Syrian Army. Seen during the Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013) in Qaboun.[22]
30-round magazine. With the arrival of Russian military advisors in late 2015, some Syrian Army units were equipped with AK-104s attached with telescopic sights.[23]
30-round magazine. Used by some Syrian special forces.[24]

Battle rifles

NamePhotoOriginCartridgeNotes
SKS7.62×39mm M43Used by the Syrian honour guard for ceremonial purposes.[25]
7.62×51mm NATO20 or 30-round detachable box magazine.

Assault rifles

NamePhotoOriginCartridgeNotes
AKM / AKMS7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine, main service rifle. 75,000-80,000 units.
7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine, used mostly by National Defence Force. 12,000 units.[26]
7.62×39mm M43/M67 30-round magazine, used mostly by National Defence Force.

Moderate usage. Most of them given to the Syrian Army by Russian forces.
5.45×39mm M74 30-round magazine, widely used by Airborne Special Forces and regular military units.[27] [28] Also AK-74M UUK variant.[29]
30-round detachable box magazine. Captured from rebels, used by the Syrian Army.[30]
20-round detachable box magazine. Used by the Syrian Army and Police.
30-round detachable box magazine. Supplied by Russia in 2023. Used by 25th SMF Division.[31]
7.62×39mm 30-round magazine. Supplied by North Korea before the war.[32] Produced under license in Syria by EID.[33] [34]
7.62×39mm 30-round magazine, captured from militants.[35]
30-round box magazine, captured from militants.[36] Including Iranian Sayyad 5.56 variant.[37]
Zastava M707.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine, moderate usage by Syrian Army.
7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine, moderate usage by Syrian Army.
7.62×39mm 30-round detachable box magazine.
FB Tantal5.45×39mm Limited usage, captured from rebels.[38]
7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine.
AK-63[39] 7.62×39mm 10, 20 or 30-round magazine. Captured from militants.
AMD 65[40] 7.62×39mm M43 30-round magazine.
VHS5.56×45mm NATO 30-round magazine. Supplied by Iraq in 2013.[41]
FAMAS5.56×45mm NATO25-round detachable box magazine. FAMAS F1 variant. Moderate usage by Syrian Army.[42]
M16A1
M16A2
5.56×45mm NATO20, 30, 40-round detachable box magazine. Captured from dead militants and in one instance defecting fighters.[43] Moderate usage. Used by special forces.[44] [45]

Sniper rifles

NamePhotoTypeOriginCartridgeNotes
Dragunov SVD[46]
10-round magazine, main sniper rifle. SVDS supplied by Russia in 2023.[47] [48]
Sniper rifle 7.62×54mmR 10-round magazine.
Sniper rifle 7.62×54mmR 10-round magazine. Captured from the Syrian Democratic Forces.
Zastava M93[49] 12.7×108mm 10-round magazine.
Steyr SSG 69[50] Bolt action sniper rifle 5-round magazine.
AWMBolt action sniper rifle5-round box magazine. Supplied by Russia in 2015. Used by special forces.[51]
AWSMBolt action sniper rifle5-round detachable box magazine. Supplied by Russia in 2015. Used by special forces.[52]
Bolt action sniper rifle 7.62×51mm NATO 5-round magazine. In late 2015, Russia supplied the Syrian Army with the Orsis T-5000.[53]
MTs-116MBolt action sniper rifle 7.62×54mmR 5- to 10-round magazine. Used by Syrian Republican Guard[54] [55] title= Russian MTs-116M sniper rifle in use by syrian army
Bolt action sniper rifle 10-round magazine. Used by Syrian Republican Guard and 25th SMF Division.[56]
Anti-material rifle 10-round detachable box magazine, moderate usage.[57]
Anti-material rifle 5-round magazine. Used by Syrian Republican Guard.[58]
20-round detachable box magazine. Used by Syrian Republican Guard and special forces.[59]
VSS VintorezDesignated marksman rifle9x39mm10 or 20-round detachable box magazine. Used by the Syrian Army and NDF.[60]
Heckler & Koch G3Designated marksman rifle7.62×51mm NATO10, 20 or 40-round detachable box magazine. G3A3 and G3A4 variants. Used by Syrian Republican Guard.
FN FALDesignated marksman rifle20 or 30-round detachable box magazine. 12,000 rifles were bought in 1957. Syria produced 7.62×51mm cartridges and acquired FALs from other sources. Standard designated marksman rifle of SAA.
Tabuk Sniper Rifle[61]
Designated marksman rifle7.62×39mmR 30-round box magazine. Supplied by Iraq.
Anti-material rifle .50 BMGSingle shot bolt-action. Copy of Austrian HS .50. Supplied by Iran.
Anti-material rifle Single shot bolt-action. Copy of Austrian HS .50. In service with Syrian Army and special forces.[62]
By 2018, Syria start to produce it under the Golan S0-1 name.[63] CERS has upgraded the Syrian produced Golan S-01 in 2023.[64] New model introduced a new stock, box magazine, and scope.

Light machine guns

NamePhotoOriginCartridgeNotes
RPK7.62×39mm M4340-round or 75-round magazine. Main service LMG of the Syrian Army.
RPD7.62×39mm M43 100-round drum magazine, former main service LMG.
Type 73[66] 7.62×54mmR40-round magazine. Supplied by North Korea and Iraq.[67]
FN Minimi5.56×45mm100 or 200-round belt. Rare, captured from dead militants.[68]

Medium machine guns

NamePhotoOriginCartridgeNotes
7.62×54mmR 250-round belt. Limited service, mostly in reserve.
7.62×54mmR200 or 250-round belts. Limited service, most common variant SGMT is mounted on T-55 tanks.[69]

Heavy machine guns

NamePhotoOriginCartridgeNotes
NSV12.7×108mm50-round belt, main service HMG of the SAA.[70]
12.7x108mm50-round belt, moderate usage.
14.5×114mm40-round belt, moderate usage.
Kord12.7×108mm50-round belt, limited usage, mostly used by the Republican Guard and Syrian Police.
W8512.7×108mm60-round belt, moderate usage.[71]

General-purpose machine guns

NamePhotoOriginCartridgeNotes
7.62×54mmR 100-round magazine, main service machine gun of the Syrian Army.
Pecheneg machine gun[72] [73] 7.62×54mmR100 and 200-round belt magazine. SP and Bullpup variants. Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[74] Moderate usage by regular units.
7.62×54mmR100 and 250-round belt. Limited usage.[75] [76]
People's Republic of China7.62×54mmR100-round magazine. Moderate usage.
M240B7.62×51mm NATOExtremely rare. 2 were captured from defecting Maghawir Thawra fighters.

Submachine guns

NamePhotoOriginCartridgeNotes
MAT-499×19mm Parabellum20-round magazine, main service SMG of the SAA.
FB PM-639×19mm Parabellum25-round magazine. Supplied by Poland before 1989.[77]
PP-19 Vityaz9×19mm Parabellum30-round box magazine. Supplied by Russia.[78]

Grenades

NamePhotoTypeOriginDiameterNotes
55 mm 4-meter kill radius, 3.5- to 4-second fuse.
Hand grenade58 mm Propels ~350 fragments, 5-meter kill radius, 3.2- to 4-second fuse.
RGNHand grenade60 mm 4 meter kill radius, 3.8-second fuse.
RGOHand grenade60 mm 6 meter kill radius, 3.8-second fuse.
Anti-tank grenade95 mm 75 mm RHA penetration, hard impact activates impact fuse.
Anti-tank grenade 170 mm RHA penetration, impact fuse.

Grenade launchers

NamePhotoTypeOriginCartridgeNotes
GP-25/GP-30M/GP-34 Grenade launcher40 mm grenade 40x53mm grenadeSingle shot under-barrel grenade launcher.
AGS-1730×29mm grenade Belt fed with 29-round drums, high rate of fire. Seen in use by the Syrian Republican Guard.[79]
Automatic grenade launcher 40x53mm grenade (GP-25)Belt fed with 6-round drums. Seen in use by the Syrian Republican Guard and special forces.

Mines

NamePhotoTypeOriginDetonationNotes
PMN mine[81] Pressure ~240g TNT, anti-personnel blast mine.
Anti-personnel minePressureWooden box with a slot and detonator.
Anti-tank minePressure2.8 kg of TNT.
Anti-tank minePressureDetonates when there is 440 lbs of pressure.
Anti-tank minePressure3.9 kg of Amatol or TNT, short cylinder with the entire top surface being used as a pressure plate.
Anti-tank minePressure5.4 kg of Amatol, broadly similar to the earlier, smaller, TM-41 mine.
Anti-tank minePressure5.7 kg of TNT.
Anti-tank minePressure6.3 kg of TNT.
Anti-tank minePressure7.5 kg of TNT.
TM-72 mineAnti-tank mineMagnetic influence fuse 100 mm RHA penetration, cylindrical metal-cased anti-tank mine.
TM-83 mineAnti-tank mineSeismic sensors 9.6 kg of TNT.
TM-89 mineAnti-tank mineSeismic sensors6.7 kg of TNT.
TMA-3 mineAnti-tank minePressure 6.5 kg of TNT.
TMA-4 mineAnti-tank minePressure5.5 kg of TNT.
TMA-5 mineAnti-tank minePressure5.5 kg of TNT.
M18A2[82] Anti-personnel mine Pressure 2,7kg TNT, directional anti-personnel blast mine.

Anti-tank

NamePhotoTypeOriginCaliberQuantityNotes
82mmPG-2 (82 mm) ammunition.
Rocket-propelled grenade40mmAmmunition: PG-7V (85 mm) PG-7VL (93 mm) PG-7VR (64/105 mm) OG-7V (40 mm).
Disposable rocket-propelled grenade 64mm64 mm PG-18 high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) warhead.
Disposable rocket-propelled grenade 72.5mmCaptured from militants.[83]
Disposable rocket-propelled grenade 72.5mmSupplied by Russia.[84]
Disposable rocket-propelled grenade 105mmCaptured from rebel groups.[85]
RPG-29[86] Rocket-propelled grenade 105mm65 mm & 105 mm ammunition. Russia sold the RPG-29 to Syria between 1991-1999.[87]
RPG-30Rocket-propelled grenade105mmSupplied by Russia.[88]
Disposable rocket-propelled grenade 68 mm68 mm projectile and range 300 m. Caliber 68 mm. Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[89]
MRO-ADisposable rocket-propelled grenade 72.5 mmEffective firing range is 90 m (maximum range is 450 m). Supplied by Russia.[90]
RPO-A Shmel[91] 93 mm20 m – 1000 m (sighting range is 600 m). RPO-M is 1700 m (sighting range is 800 m). Supplied by Russia after 2015.
73 mm
Recoilless rifle82 mm
Recoilless rifle107 mm
Recoilless rifle106 mm
Anti-tank rocket launcher 90mmHundreds were captured from rebel groups.[92]
Anti-tank missile 486
Anti-tank missile
1000 Supplied by France in 1981.
Anti-tank guided missile
~1500[93] Syria ordered about 200 launchers and 4,000 missiles, which were delivered by France in 1978-1979.[94] Additional captured from rebel groups.[95]
Anti-tank guided missileN/A Moderate usage.[96] Captured from militants.[97]
3M6 Shmel (AT-1 Snapper) Anti-tank missile486 Possibly in storage.
3M11 Falanga (AT-2 Swatter) Anti-tank missile200 In storage.
9M14 Malyutka (AT-3 Sagger) Anti-tank guided missile410 Used during the Syrian Civil War.[98]
9K111 Fagot (AT-4 Spigot) Anti-tank guided missile150
9M113 Konkurs (AT-5 Spandrel) Anti-tank guided missile40
9K115 Metis (AT-7 Saxhorn) Anti-tank guided missileN/A
9M120 Ataka (AT-9 Spiral-2) Anti-tank guided missileN/A Used on the BMPT-72 Terminator 2.
9M117 Bastion (AT-10 Stabber) Anti-tank guided missile800Supplied by Russia. Used on T-55(A)MVs and T-62Ms.
9M119 Svir/Refleks (AT-11 Sniper) Anti-tank guided missileN/A 9K120 Svir and 9K119 Refleks variants. Since 2017 used on T-72B3s and T-90s.[99]
9K115-2 Metis-M (AT-13 Saxhorn-2) Anti-tank guided missileN/A Supplied by Russia in early 2000s. Presence confirmed by use of looted 9K115-2 systems by rebels.[100]
9M133 Kornet (AT-14 Spriggan) Anti-tank guided missile2500 at least About 1,500 received between 2002 and 2006 from Russia.[101]
Anti-tank guided missileN/ASupplied by Russia in 2020. Widely used by the Syrian Army.[102]
KM-1M Krasnopol-M2High precision laser-guided artillery system155 mmN/ASupplied by Russia in 2020. Used as Howitzer ammunition.[103]
HJ-8[104] 120 mm N/ACaptured from rebel groups.
RAADAnti-tank guided missileN/AIranian copy of the 9M14 Malyutka. I-RAAD-T version.
ToophanAnti-tank guided missileN/AIranian copy of the BGM-71 TOW.[105] Multiple variants used.[106]
SaeghehAnti-tank guided missileN/AIranian copy of the M47 Dragon. Saeghe-1, Saeghe-2 variants.[107]
M72 LAW[108] 66 mmN/A Captured from rebel groups.[109]
Anti-tank guided missileN/A Captured from rebel groups.[110]

MANPADS

Name PhotoOriginQuantityNotes
9K32 Strela-2 (SA-7) 4,000+
9K34 Strela-3 (SA-14) 100
9K38 Igla-1 (SA-16) N/A[111]
9K38 Igla (SA-18) N/A Delivered by Russia.
9K338 Igla-S (SA-24) N/A Delivered by Russia.
9K333 Verba (SA-29 Gizmo)N/ADelivered by Russia.[112]
KRL AnzaN/AAnza Mk. II variant in limited service. Captured from rebels.[113]
~100 Captured from rebel groups.[114]
HT-16PGJN/A Delivered by North Korea in 2004.[115]
N/A Delivered by Iran.[116]
N/A Delivered by Iran.[117]

Vehicles

Tanks

NamePhotoQuantityOriginNotes
T-55A/AM/AMV/M/MV[118] 1200+ (as of 2020)2,000 received from the Soviet Union. A and AMV variants have been upgraded with Kontakt-1 armor and 9M117 Bastion.[119] More than 682 claimed destroyed or captured by armed groups since March 2011. 200 T-55s were upgraded to MV standard by Ukraine in 1997 and AM variant by North Korea in 1980s.[120] Some T-55s upgraded with locally developped Viper thermal imager, assembled from foreign components.[121] All T-55s upgraded with soft-kill Sarab Active Protection System.[122]
T-62A/ obr. 1972/ obr. 1975 /K/M/MV~634 (2017)
750+ (as of 2020)		1,000 in service as of 2010, more than 366 claimed captured/destroyed by rebels. At least several dozens of T-62M with 9M117 Bastion delivered by Russia since 2017.[123] [124] Up to 100 would have been sent.[125] In 2018 and 2019, Russia reactivated and field-tested T-62M/MV variants with Kontakt-1 ERA from war stores and transported them to Syria.[126] Most T-62s are upgraded with soft-kill Sarab Active Protection System.
T-72 Ural/A/AVS/S/M/M1/M1M/M1S/ B obr. 1989/B3/Adra/[127] Shafrah[128] ~700[129] (2020)
750+ (as of 2023)

More than 1500 in 2010, some upgraded by Russia. 124 T-72M1s and T-72AVs were upgraded to T-72M1S standard between 2003 and 2006 by Italy.[130] With Galileo Avionica TURMS-T computerized FCS, infrared cameras, improved gun stabilisation, stabilised sights for the gunner and the commander, added 9M119 Svir/Refleks launcher.[131] More than 850 claimed destroyed / captured by rebels. Approximately 300 in 2014. T-72Bs as well as ones with Kontakt-5 were delivered by Russia in 2015–2016.[132] At least few dozens of T-72B3 in Syrian service as of 2023.[133] [134]

T-72A/AV/M upgraded with locally assembled Viper thermal imager and Kontakt-1.[135] All T-72s were fitted with locally developped soft-kill Sarab Active Protection System providing jamming capabilities.

T-90 obr. 1992/A/AM/S[136] ~70[137] [138]
(as of 2020)		Russia supplied 30 T-90 obr. 1992 and T-90As equipped with Shtora-1 and Kontakt-5 in late 2015.[139] Russia has supplied T-90 tanks to the 25th Special Mission Forces Division, 4th Armoured Division and Republican Guard.[140] A battalion containing 40 T-90A tanks delivered in 2017. 3 were captured during the Syrian Civil War, two by HTS rebels and one by ISIS fighters. Another 10 were hit.

Infantry fighting vehicles

NamePhotoQuantityOriginNotes
BMP-1P 1,044 (2017)
1100+ (2020)		2,000 as of 2011. Around 956 destroyed, damaged and captured by armed groups since March 2011. Additional units delivered by Russia.[141]
BMP-2 obr. 80/obr. 84/obr. 86 74 (2017)
100+ (2020)		100 as of 2011. 26 destroyed, damaged and captured by armed groups. Additional units delivered by Russia between 2015–19.

Armoured personnel carriers

NamePhotoOriginQuantityNotes
BTR-50550 During the war, some BTR-50s have been reactivated and issued to the mechanized infantry.[142]
BTR-60PB/PU-12 650 Most were scrapped. Others are used by police and security forces.[143]
BTR-70N/A BTR-70M variant.[144] Supplied by Russia between 2017 and 2022.[145] [146] [147]
BTR-80
40+ Several BTR-80s were given by Russia between 2013 and 2017.
BTR-82A30+ More BTR-82As delivered by Russia in 2015.[148] [149]
BTR-152289 Mostly used by Law enforcement in Syria, 7 lost in the civil war.
MT-LBMN/A Additional units delivered by Russia.[150]
BMPT-72 Terminator 2N/A[151] Chassis from Soviet T-72 tank. Supplied by Russia in 2017.[152]
N/A Used by the Republican Guard and 25th Special Mission Forces Division.[153] [154]
N/A Supplied by Russia in 2017. Used by 25th SMF Division and 5th Corps.[155]
N/ADozor and Vystrel-M variants.[156] Supplied by Russia.[157] [158]

N/A300 OT-64A ordered from Czechoslovakia in 1976 and delivered between 1977 and 1979, some captured by rebels.[159] As of 2018 still in use.[160]
~3 Syrian Army captured an Otokar Cobra from ISIS during the East Aleppo Offensive.[161] Before that, ISIS captured it from the Turkish military during the Battle of al-Bab. Used by special forces.[162]
FNSS ACV-15 Turkey1Captured from ISIL after it captured the vehicle from the Turkish Army.

Reconnaissance vehicles

NamePhotoTypeOriginQuantityNotes
BRM-1KArmoured reconnaissance vehicleN/ASupplied by Russia between 2017–18.
PRP-4A ArgusArtillery reconnaissance vehicleN/ASupplied by Russia between 2015–17.
BRDM-2Scout car
700 Some armed with 9K11 Malyutka and Strela-1 ATGM.
1,200 received from the Soviet Union by 1975. Around 20 lost in the civil war.[163] 2MS variant delivered by Russia in 2022.[164]

Military engineering

NameTypeQuantityOriginPhotoNotes
BREM-1[167] 100 Deployed in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign in Syrian Civil War. 4 BREM-1 lost in the civil war.
BREM-2[168] 100 Deployed in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign in Syrian Civil War. 4 BREM-2 lost in the civil war.
N/AM1, M2 variants supplied by Russia in 2016.[169]
Mine clearing vehicle/Explosive charge thrower N/AIt was deployed during Operation Damascus Steel, the explosive charge was used to destroy trenches and enemy firing positions.[170]
PTSAmphibious tracked transport carrier N/A
N/A
MTU-72Armoured vehicle-launched bridge N/A
MT-55A/KS Armoured vehicle-launched bridge N/A Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[171]
VT-55KSArmoured recovery vehicleN/ASupplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[172]

Military ambulances

NameTypeQuantity Origin Photo Notes
BVP-1 AMB-STracked armored ambulance50 Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[173] Variant of the BMP-1. Deployed in the Rif Dimashq Governorate campaign, some were lost.
Protected military ambulanceN/ASupplied by Russia before the war.[174]

Logistics vehicles

NameTypeQuantityOriginPhotoNotes
6×6 utility truck N/A
Utility truck. Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.[175]
200 Main role is to carry the Scud-type ballistic missiles.
6×6 artillery truckN/A Main role is to carry OTR-21 Tochka ballistic missiles.[176]
Ural-375D 6×6 4.5 ton truck 350 Transport or fuel tanker vehicle, another use as a BM-21 MLRS.[177]
4×4
6×6 off-road truck 		~900 25 Ural-4320-31 armored trucks were given by Russia to secure transport of Syria's chemical weapons. Additional delivered in 2017.[178] Also Ural-43206 4×4 variant.
4×2 4.3 ton truck N/ACargo truck.
6×6 3.5 ton truck 300 Cargo truck or mobile workshop, also can become a BM-21 multiple rocket launcher.[179]
Artillery truck 84 Main role is to carry the FROG-7 ballistic missile.
6×6 2.5 ton truck 84 Transport vehicle for motorized infantry or mobile workshop.
4×4 off-road truck 200 Transport vehicle for motorized infantry.
KrAZ-2556×6 off-road truck N/A Used for towing heavy artillery pieces. Brought from Soviet Union before 1991.
6×6 off-road truck ~70 Brought before the war.[180]
4×4 utility truck 300+[181] Supplied by Russia before the war in 2005.[182] Transport vehicle for motorized infantry.
4×4 rough terrain truck N/A Supplied by Russia between 2015 and 2019.[183]
6×6 side truck N/A Supplied by Russia between 2022 and 2023.[184] Used by 25th SMF Division.[185] Also used as chassis of the M-46 W-SPG.
6×6 side truck 100+ Supplied by Russia before the war. 50 were given to secure transport of Syria's chemical weapons arsenal.[186]
6×6 side truck N/A Supplied by Russia in 2018. Transport vehicle for heavy cargo.
6×6 utility truck N/ASupplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[187] Transport vehicle for infantry or cargo.
6×6 utility truck N/AVNM variant. Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[188] Transport vehicle for infantry.
6×6 utility truck N/A S3, V24 and V26 variants.[189] [190] Supplied by Czechoslovakia before 1990.[191] Transport vehicle for infantry.
8×4 off road truckN/A Chassis of the M-46 W-SPG.[192]
8×8 off road truckN/A Chassis of the M-46 W-SPG.
4×4 side truck
6×6 utility truck		N/A Transport vehicle for motorized infantry.[193]

Utility vehicles

NameTypeQuantityOriginPhotoNotes
UAZ-452N/A Supplied by Soviet Union before 1991.[194]
N/A UAZ-3151 and UAZ-31512 variants.[195] New vehicles delivered by Russia in 2023.
BJ2022N/A Brought from China in 2015.[196] [197]
Land Rover Series IIIMilitary All-terrain vehicleN/ASyrian Army adopted the Land Rover in the 1970s.[198]
Safir JeepN/A Seen in use with Syrian military.[199]
20+ Captured from ISIL and other terrorists.
Toyota Land CruiserUtility vehicleN/AModel 70 is the most popular model in use. Widely used as a Technical.[200]
Toyota HiluxUtility vehicleN/AWidely used as a Technical.[201]
N/A
Syrian Army operates Rys variant supplied by Russia in 2015–18.[202] [203]

Artillery

Mortars

Name PhotoQuantityNotes
N/A 60 mm mortar.
N/A 81 mm mortar.
200 82 mm mortar. Also M-37M variant.[204]
2B14 Podnos[205] N/A 82 mm mortar.
N/A 82 mm mortar. 2B9 and 2B9M variants.[206]
200 120 mm mortar.
700 120 mm mortar.
100 160 mm mortar.
200 160 mm mortar.
30 240 mm mortar. 3F2 Gagara and 3O8 Nerpa ammunition. It was deployed during Operation Damascus Steel against militant groups in East Ghouta.[207]

Field artillery

Name PhotoQuantity[208] OriginType Notes
N/A Anti-tank gun 76 mm. Probably decommissioned.
N/A Anti-tank gun 85 mm.
N/A Anti-tank gun 85 mm.
300[209] Anti-tank gun 100 mm.
20+Anti-tank gun 100 mm.
400 122 mm. Additional units supplied by Russia in 2015.[210]
800+ Field gun 130 mm. Also Iranian HERA and Chinese BEE4 BB/RAP projectiles in use since 2007. Mobile version in service.[211] [212] More units supplied by Russia in 2023.
150 122 mm. 21 additional M-30s were delivered by Russia to Syria in May 2017.
100 Howitzer 122 mm. As of 2000, in storage. Syrian Army reactivated several units and used them against rebel forces in late 2016.
20 Howitzer 152 mm. Probably decommissioned.
20+ Howitzer 152 mm. Krasnopol laser-guided projectile. Supplied by Russia and Iran in 2015.
600+ Howitzer 122 mm. Chinese BEE4 BB/RAP projectiles in use since 2007.[213] More units supplied by Russia in 2023.[214]
50 Howitzer 152 mm. Used against ISIS in September 2016.
Msta-B[215] N/A Howitzer 152 mm. Krasnopol laser-guided projectile. Supplied by Russia between 2015 and 2016.[216] [217]
20[218] Howitzer 180 mm. VOF28 round with RAP projectile OF-23.[219] Used by Syrian Army in 2013 and 2015.[220]

Self-propelled field artillery

Name Type Quantity OriginPhotoNotes
2S1 GvozdikaSelf-propelled howitzer 206122 mm. 300 as of 2011. 94 lost in the civil war.
2S3 Akatsiya89152 mm, Krasnopol laser-guided projectile.[221] 11 lost in the civil war.
2S4 Tyulpan[222] Mortar carrier24 240 mm.
2S9 Nona[223] N/A120 mm. Delivered by Russia in 2017.[224]

Multiple launch rocket systems

Name Type Quantity OriginPhoto Notes
Multiple rocket launcher 100 122 mm. Supplied by North Korea.
N/A 140 mm. BM-14M and MM variants.[225]
300+ 122 mm, 4 BM-21 and 1 2B5 lost in the civil war. Also 9K55 Grad 1 variant supplied by Russia.[226]
36+ 220 mm. Spotted in November 2014 during the Syrian Civil War, most likely delivered by Russia, 1 lost. Also known as "Ra'ad".[227]
N/A 300mm. Presence confirmed by use of the 9M55K cluster munition used by the system.[228] Syria received several BM-30s from either Belarus or more likely Russia in early 2014.[229]
Thermobaric multiple rocket launcher 8+ 220 mm, some TOS-1As were delivered by Russia in 2015.[230]
Multiple rocket launcherN/A
107 mm.
Fajr-3[231] N/A 240 mm.
Fajr-5[232] N/A 333mm.
Falaq-1N/A 240 mm. Produced under license by SSRC in Syria.
Falaq-2[233] N/A 333mm. Produced under license by SSRC in Syria.
Khaibar-1[234] N/A 302mm. 150km range.[235] Produced as M-302 by SSRC in Syria.[236]
S-11 Burkan[237] N/A 107 mm, 122mm, 220mm and 300mm variants. HE-Fragmentation, anti-personnel cluster. Used on Shams platform. Produced by SSRC in Syria.
Golan-65[238] N/A Produced by SSRC in Syria.
Golan-250 N/A Produced by SSRC in Syria.
Golan-300N/A Produced by SSRC in Syria.
Golan-400N/A 122 mm. Produced by SSRC in Syria.
Golan-500[239] N/A 130 mm. Produced by SSRC in Syria.
Golan-1000[240] 25+ 500mm.[241] Produced by SSRC in Syria.

Anti-ship missile systems

ModelImageTypeOriginQuantityNotes
C-802Anti-ship cruise missileN/A(CSS-N-8 Saccade)[242]
NoorAnti-ship cruise missile10 systemsDelivered between 2009 and 2010.[243]
K-300P Bastion-P / P-800 Yakhont[244] [245] Mobile anti-ship and surface-to-surface missile system4 systems(SS-C-5 Stooge)
P-5 PyatyorkaCruise missile4 systems(SS-C-1 Sepal)
P-15M/P-22Anti-ship missile6 systems(SS-C-3 Styx)

Anti-air guns and systems

Towed anti-aircraft artillery

NameTypeQuantityOriginPhotoNotes
KS-19100+ 100 mm. Mounted on technicals.
Anti-aircraft gun N/A 37 mm, 2 barrels. Mounted on technicals.
Anti-aircraft gun 1,500+ 14.5mm single, twin and quad mount. Also mounted on technicals.
ZPU-4Anti-aircraft gunN/A14.5×114mm. Mostly mounted on technicals.
Anti-aircraft gun 650+ 23 mm, 2 barrels. Mounted on technicals.
Anti-aircraft gun 300+ 37 mm. Mounted on technicals.
Anti-aircraft gun 880+ 57 mm. Mounted on KamAZ-43114.[246] More units supplied by Russia in 2023.

Towed air defence

NameTypeQuantityOriginPhotoNotes
S-75 Dvina (SA-2) 320[247]
S-75 Dvina and S-75M Volga obr. 1995 variants.
S-125 Neva/Pechora (SA-3 Pechora + Pechora-2M) 148 +30 2M[248]
Pechora-2M supplied by Russia in 2013. Additional 2M's delivered in 2023.
S-200 (SA-5) 2 defense regiment comprising 2 divisions including 2 batteries S-200 (44 launchers) in service as of 2010 and 2014.[249] [250] 3 regiments . S-200VE variant brought from USSR in 1983. Modified by SSRC.[251] Command post S-300 can manage in any combination the elements of S-200 and S-300.[252] [253] [254]

Self-propelled air defence

NameTypeQuantityOriginPhotoNotes
ZSU-23-4 ShilkaSelf-propelled anti-aircraft gun400 (in 2010)250 (in 2020) 23 mm, often used in urban areas against rebel forces.
10Most in storage, some units were reactivated during the Syrian Civil War.
2K12 Kub (SA-6) Self-propelled surface-to-air missile system 195–200 (As of 2012)[255]
9K33 Osa (SA-8) 14–60,[256] 14 batteries (60 launchers – autonomous war machines)9K33M3 Osa-AK and Osa-AKM variants. Two were captured by Liwa al-Islam.
9K31 Strela-1 (SA-9) 20
9K35 Strela-10 (SA-13) 30
Buk-M1-2 (SA-11) 20
Tor-M1 (SA-15)N/A Modified Tor-M1 "Dezful" variant. Supplied by Iran in 2018.[257]
9K37M2E Buk-M2E (SA-17) Up to 40 Observed in use at Al-Mezzah.[258]
9M311-1M Tunguska (SA-19) 6[259]
S-300 (S-300 SA-20A / SA-20B) Surface-to-air missile system 24 S-300PM2[260] 49 pieces of equipment were delivered by Russia around October 2018.[261] In 2022, it was removed from Syria.[262]
Pantsir-S1 (SA-22) Self-propelled SAM system 57+[263] In 2016, +1RL-123E Early detection radar, +command posts. (+10 Pantsir S-2)[264] Pantsir S-1 and S-2(E) variants.
Khordad-3Mid- Range Mobile SAMN/ATaer 2 and Sayad missile. Delivered between 2019 and 2022.
Khordad-15Long Range Mobile SAMN/ASayyad-3 missile. Delivered in 2023.
MersadShort- to Mid- Range Mobile SAMN/AShahin missile. Delivered between 2019 and 2021.[265] [266]

Electronic warfare systems

Missiles

Ballistic missiles

NameTypeQuantityOriginPhotoNotes
9K52 Luna-M[269] ≈18 mobile launchers[270] SRBM. Unknown number of missiles. First supplied from USSR in 1974.[271]
Scud-B/Hwasong-5≈42 mobile launchers
SRBM. ≈200 missiles. Supplied from USSR and North Korea.[272] Produced in Syria by SSRC.
OTR-21 Tochka/Hwasong-11Tactical ballistic missile ≈12 mobile launchers

SRBM. ≈100 missiles. OTR-21 Tochka (Scarab-A) received from USSR. Russia sent 50 additional Tochka-U (Scarab-B) missiles in February 2017 to Tartus.[273] [274] KN-02 Toksa variant supplied by North Korea.[275]
Hwasong-6Tactical ballistic missile≈160 missiles
SRBM. North Korean Scud-C version produced and modified in Syria by SSRC.[276]
Hwasong-7Strategic ballistic missileN/A
MRBM. North Korean Scud-D version produced and modified in Syria by SSRC.
Hwasong-9Strategic ballistic missile ≈100 missiles
MRBM. North Korean Scud-ER version produced in Syria by SSRC.
Golan-1/Golan-2Tactical ballistic missile N/ASRBM. Versions of Scud-C/D developed and produced in Syria by SSRC. Golan-1 with range 600km. Golan-2 with range 850km.
MaysalounTactical ballistic missile N/ASRBM. Three versions with different ranges and characteristics. Syrian variant of Zelzal-2. Developed and produced in Syria by SSRC.
Fateh-110Tactical ballistic missile 900+ missiles
SRBM. Local designation M-600 or Tishreen.[277] Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.[278]
Fateh-313Tactical ballistic missile N/A
SRBM. Supplied by Iran.[279] [280] Produced and modified under license in Syria by SSRC.[281]
Tactical ballistic missile N/A
SRBM. Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.
Tactical ballistic missile N/A
SRBM. At least one used in February 2014. Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.[282] [283]
Tactical ballistic missile N/A SRBM. Supplied by Iran. Produced by SSRC.[284]
Zelzal-2[285] Tactical ballistic missile N/A SRBM. Modified and produced by SSRC. Increased range of 400km+ and guidance system added.[286]
Tactical ballistic missile N/A SRBM. Modified and produced by SSRC.[287]

Cruise missiles

Command posts

Higher level command posts

Name Type QuantityOrigin Notes
Senezh-M1E[289] General-purpose self-acting[290] higher level command post N/A As an option, with the use of higher level command post, management of all types of air defense systems, the Air Force and all kinds of radar air defense forces. Effective radius of 1,600 km for 77 fired targets[291] May receive data order to send target indication for different systems.[292]
Polyana-D4Upper level command post for air defenceN/A Supplied by Russia in 2018.[293]

Unmanned aerial vehicles

Non-combat unmanned air vehicles

NameTypeQuantityOriginPhotoNotes
N/A Received VR-3s in 1984. Reconnaissance drone, in service as target drone.[294]
Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A Medium-range reconnaissance/surveillance drone. Used since 2020.[295]
N/A Production in Syria started in 2023.[296] Used in combat since early 2024.[297]
Kamikaze unmanned aerial vehicle N/A Medium-range kamikaze drone. Used during the Syrian Civil War since mid 2012.
Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A Medium-range reconnaissance/surveillance and short/medium-range attack drone. Produced under license in Syria by SSRC.
Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A Reconnaissance drone. Used before the Syrian Civil War.
Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A Reconnaissance drone. Used during the Syrian Civil War since late 2012.[298]
Unmanned aerial vehicle N/A Reconnaissance drone. Used during the Syrian Civil War since late 2013.[299]

Combat unmanned air vehicles

NameTypeQuantityOriginPhotoNotes
Forpost-RUnmanned combat aerial vehicleN/A Multirole ISTAR/combat drone. Used during the Syrian Civil War since mid 2024.[300]
Mohajer 6Unmanned combat aerial vehicleN/A Multirole ISTAR/combat drone. Used during the Syrian Civil War since late 2019.[301]

Bibliography

References

Works cited

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: John Pike . Syria – Army Equipment . Globalsecurity.org . 2013-08-29 . 2013-09-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20141017132707/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/syria/army-equipment.htm . 2014-10-17 . live .
  2. Web site: 2018-03-27 . Nine Years of War — Documenting Syrian Arab Army's Armored Vehicles Losses . 2022-12-08 . bellingcat . en-GB.
  3. Israeli Soldier vs Syrian Soldier: Golan Heights 1967–73 by David Campbell, Page 20.
  4. Web site: A snapshot of camouflage patterns in Syria – Armament Research Services. 15 August 2016. 2020-09-02. en-GB.
  5. https://twitter.com/Bosni_94/status/1761508692929716404?t=kxKnJEeKkAtOCriwbP0e2Q&s=19 25th SMF Div. member in full desert camouflage
  6. https://twitter.com/Bosni_94/status/1776189771213132195?t=Q9zz3pNgAo96CbjtJEuVaw&s=19 The 25th SMF Div. has received another batch of 6b45 vests in a different digital camo. The ones they got a few months ago (right picture).
  7. https://twitter.com/Bosni_94/status/1772639242885153151?t=4P-W4Em2iX9DgZMJOowe9g&s=19 Paratrooper in Russian multicam uniform.
  8. Web site: World War Helmets - Casque JK 96. 2021-07-19. www.world-war-helmets.com.
  9. Web site: 25th SMF Division received new vests, plate carriers, and helmets.
  10. https://twitter.com/SAMSyria0/status/1761713135570874848?t=QaPbjSLzr8sgqnh0Hq7BGA&s=19 Army continues Special Missions Force training today.
  11. Web site: 2021-08-28. Russia Says Its 'Iron Man' Exoskeleton Suits Proved 'Very Effective' In Syrian Military Operations. 2021-11-17. Latest Asian, Middle-East, EurAsian, Indian News. en-US. https://web.archive.org/web/20230326083635/https://eurasiantimes.com/russia-says-its-iron-man-exoskeleton-suits-proved-very-effective-in-syrian-military-operations/. March 26, 2023.
  12. https://twitter.com/Bosni_94/status/1720462588742373735?t=NrhQCSbPp6OaP2nV3uqboQ&s=19 Member of the 25th SMF Division, equipped with a Russian Wartech brand plate carrier and what appears to be a Russian 6b47 helmet
  13. Web site: From Behind the Iron Curtain: Communist Bloc Helmets. 14 July 2008 .
  14. Web site: Syria Wz50 . 2024-04-05 . Brendon's Helmets . en.
  15. Web site: Syrian Helmets.
  16. Web site: 45th Special Forces regiment seen with Iranian helmet and Iranian Ruyin-3 vest on the N.Latakia frontline..
  17. https://twitter.com/Bosni_94/status/1786827166891524198?t=uF18bjgUOi3XCCMSqdIdVA&s=19 6B45 body armor - 25th SMF Div.
  18. Web site: MP-446 Viking issued to 25th Special Mission Forces.
  19. Web site: The Tiger and his Cubs: The Syrian Regime's Tiger Forces .
  20. Web site: References . Girsan . 6 May 2014 . https://web.archive.org/web/20140506214818/http://www.girsan.com.tr/en/references . 6 May 2014 . dead.
  21. Book: Small Arms Survey 2015: weapons and the world . http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Chapter-04-EN.pdf . Trade Update: After the ‘Arab Spring’ . . 2015 . . . 107 . 2018-08-29 . https://web.archive.org/web/20180128065841/http://www.smallarmssurvey.org/fileadmin/docs/A-Yearbook/2015/eng/Small-Arms-Survey-2015-Highlights-EN.pdf . 2018-01-28 . dead.
  22. https://twitter.com/Idlib_Chicken/status/1765461499789640158?t=GWMxUpHkAmsdHBF0cn5Blg&s=19 Syria soldier with 9A 91 Assault Rifle Golan Heights
  23. Web site: Special Forces Ministry of Internal Affairs of Syria tested on the front lines the new AK-104. Спецназ МВД Сирии опробовал на передовой новые АК-104 . ru. 25 February 2016. https://web.archive.org/web/20160228040320/http://lifenews.ru/news/187065. 28 February 2016.
  24. Web site: Сирийский спецназ получил автоматы АК-105 в современном обвесе . Syrian special forces received modern AK-105 assault rifles. ru. rg.ru. 1 August 2018.
  25. Web site: Yooper John's SKS – Battle rifle of many nations. 14 February 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20180804192942/http://www.yooperj.com/SKS-28.htm. 4 August 2018. live.
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  28. Web site: AK-74M, Т-72Б и "Солнцепек": какое российское оружие замечено в Сирии . AK-74M, T-72B and "Solntsepek": what Russian weapons are seen in Syria . ru . December 19, 2015 . . 2017-02-20 . https://web.archive.org/web/20170504091610/http://42.tut.by/476960 . 2017-05-04 . dead.
  29. https://twitter.com/ahmed_maldini6/status/1760239002467152162?t=XHawCRay6sw9X0ZyMmXm1Q&s=19 Stormtrooper, 25th SMF Division, armed with an upgraded AK-74M.
  30. Web site: Idlibi Innovation: Bullpup Kalashnikovs of the Syrian Conflict. 1 April 2019. www.calibreobscura.com.
  31. https://twitter.com/Bosni_94/status/1753475095937339780?t=1zT-8guBDOVIJmal8xr7UQ&s=19 Ak-12 25th SMF Division
  32. Web site: IDENTIFYING MATERIEL MANUFACTURED IN THE DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA (DPRK). Conflict Armament Research. 10 April 2024.
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  34. https://x.com/DimasqS/status/1808082726945206772?t=d74ohqY6P-CYlzqqGwXExQ&s=19 A Syrian-produced North Korean Type 68 rifle on sale in Yemen. We can notice the Syrian Defense Laboratories logo stamped on it, which we have seen in the past across Syria.
  35. https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/type-81-chinese-rifle-tough-nails-thanks-its-russian-dna-167602 Type 81: This Chinese Rifle is as Tough as Nails, Thanks to its Russian DNA
  36. https://nationalinterest.org/blog/reboot/made-china-chinese-rifles-and-guns-syrian-civil-war-164382 Made in China: The Chinese Rifles and Guns of the Syrian Civil War
  37. https://x.com/Bosni_94/status/1824911431013380271?t=OKzE28F-lEFJM0PhPZrd1Q&s=19 S-5.56 Sayyad in
  38. Web site: Weapons Used and Captured by the PKK in 2021 . Militant Wire . 15 January 2022.
  39. Web site: Small Arms Captured by SAA During Operation BASALT. 7 August 2018. 7 January 2021. Silahreport.com.
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  41. Web site: Croatian VHS-D1 rifle in Syria. October 8, 2015. Michael . Smallwood. armamentresearch.com.
  42. News: Des Famas en Syrie, preuve que la France arme les islamistes?. fr. 30 August 2018. France-Soir. 12 September 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180912130959/http://www.francesoir.fr/politique-monde/des-famas-en-syrie-preuve-que-la-france-arme-les-islamistes. 12 September 2018. live.
  43. Web site: A few days ago about 10 Maghawir Thowra fighters defected to the SyAA . 2020-11-30 . Twitter . en.
  44. https://twitter.com/Bosni_94/status/1769446307586768937?t=03Vfquz8roiUmj-5Zd94VA&s=19 SAA commando armed with an M16 rifle during training
  45. https://twitter.com/SAMSyria0/status/1777473607355994534?t=tXy0Rm0h3gc0-YFNJhsTlg&s=19 5th Div. M16
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  47. https://twitter.com/SAMSyria0/status/1755731240949358605?t=80WyfOQMy-FOhK9KSawakg&s=19 SAA Tigers received new sniper rifles SVDS
  48. https://twitter.com/SAMSyria0/status/1761080323482300656?t=uWKkaVZKAc3NppbN8q24HA&s=19 25th SMF Div. modified the SVDS Dragunov very nicely
  49. 22 September 2017 . Syria Combat Footage - Battle of Raqqa - Providing sniper fire on the western front . Gniew Eufratu . . 23 August 2021 . https://web.archive.org/web/20210810082051/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iLNxUF46z8Y . 10 August 2021 . live.
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