List of elm species explained

Ulmus subgenera and sectional classification

Classification of Ulmus is based primarily on Whittemore et al 2021.^[1] Previous Ulmus classifications include Wiegrefe et al 1994,^[2] and Melville & Heybroek 1971.^[3]

• Subgenus Indoptelea
  • Ulmus villosa - marn or cherry bark elm
• Subgenus Oreoptelea
  • U. section Blepharocarpus
    • Ulmus americana - American elm, white elm
    • Ulmus laevis - European white elm, fluttering elm, spreading elm, (US) Russian elm
      • Ulmus laevis var. celtidea
      • Ulmus laevis var. laevis
      • Ulmus laevis var. parvifolia
        • • Ulmus laevis var. simplicidens U. section Chaetoptelea
    • Ulmus alata - winged elm, Wahoo
    • Ulmus crassifolia - cedar elm
    • Ulmus elongata - long raceme elm
    • Ulmus ismaelis
    • Ulmus mexicana - Mexican elm
    • Ulmus serotina - September elm
    • Ulmus thomasii - rock elm, cork elm
• Subgenus Ulmus
  • U. section Foliaceae
    • Ulmus castaneifolia - chestnut-leafed elm, multi-nerved elm
    • Ulmus changii - Hangzhou elm
      • Ulmus changii var. changii
      • Ulmus changii var. kunmingensis
    • Ulmus chenmoui - Chenmou elm, Langya Mountain elm
    • Ulmus chumlia
    • Ulmus davidiana - David Elm, Father David's elm
      • Ulmus davidiana var. davidiana
      • Ulmus davidiana var. japonica - Japanese elm, Wilson's elm
    • Ulmus harbinensis - Harbin elm
    • Ulmus microcarpa - Tibetan elm
    • Ulmus minor - field elm
      • Ulmus minor subsp. canescens - grey elm, grey-leafed elm, hoary elm
      • Ulmus minor var. italica - Mediterranean elm
    • Ulmus prunifolia - cherry-leafed elm
    • Ulmus pumila - Siberian elm
    • Ulmus szechuanica - Szechuan elm
  • U. section Microptelea
    • Ulmus lanceifolia - Vietnam elm
    • Ulmus parvifolia - Chinese elm, lacebark elm
      • Ulmus parvifolia var. coreana - Korean lacebark elm
      • Ulmus parvifolia var. parvifolia
  • U. section Trichocarpus
    • Ulmus glaucescens - Gansu elm
      • Ulmus glaucescens var. glaucescens
      • Ulmus glaucescens var. lasiocarpa
    • Ulmus lamellosa - Hebei elm
    • Ulmus macrocarpa - large-fruited elm
      • Ulmus macrocarpa var. glabra
      • Ulmus macrocarpa var. macrocarpa
  • U. section Ulmus
    • Ulmus bergmanniana - Bergmann's elm
      • Ulmus bergmanniana var. bergmanniana
      • Ulmus bergmanniana var. lasiophylla
    • Ulmus glabra - wych elm, Scots elm
    • Ulmus laciniata - Manchurian elm, cut-leaf elm
      • Ulmus laciniata var. laciniata
      • Ulmus laciniata var. nikkoensis - Nikko elm
    • Ulmus rubra - slippery elm, red elm
    • Ulmus uyematsui - Alishan elm
    • Ulmus wallichiana - Himalayan elm, Kashmir elm
      • Ulmus wallichiana subsp. xanthoderma
      • Ulmus wallichiana subsp. wallichiana
  • Section Incertae sedis
    • Ulmus gaussenii - Anhui elm
    • Ulmus pseudopropinqua - Harbin spring elm

Extinct Elms

• Fossil elms
  • Ulmus affinis (syn= Ulmus californica)
  • Ulmus braunii
  • Ulmus brownellii
  • Ulmus carpinoides
  • Ulmus chaneyi
  • Ulmus chuchuanus
  • Ulmus fushunensis
  • Ulmus minima
  • Ulmus minoensis
  • Ulmus miopumila
  • Ulmus moorei
  • Ulmus moragensis
  • Ulmus newberryi
  • Ulmus okanaganensis (subgenus Ulmus)
  • Ulmus owyheensis
  • Ulmus paucidentata
  • Ulmus protojaponica
  • Ulmus pseudo-americana
  • Ulmus pseudolongifolia
  • Ulmus pyramidalis
  • Ulmus pseudopyramidalis
  • Ulmus rhamnifolia
  • Ulmus speciosa (syn= Ulmus tanneri)
  • Ulmus stuchlikii
  • Ulmus subparvifolia
  • Ulmus tenuiservis (syn= Ulmus montanensis)

Ulmus eolaciniata was moved from Ulmus to the new combination Rubus eolaciniata by Tanai and Wolfe in 1977.^[4]

See also

• List of elm cultivars, hybrids and hybrid cultivars

Further reading

• Armstrong . J. V. . Sell . P. D. . 1996 . A revision of the British elms (Ulmus L., Ulmaceae): the historical background . Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society . 120 . 39–50 . 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1996.tb00478.x. 26 October 2017. free .
• Bean, W. J. (1981). Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain, 7th edition. Murray, London.
• Brasier, C. M. (1996). New horizons in Dutch elm disease control. Pages 20–28 in: Report on Forest Research, 1996. Forestry Commission. HMSO, London, UK.http://www.forestry.gov.uk/pdf/New_horizons_DED.pdf/$FILE/New_horizons_DED.pdf
• Burdekin. D.A.. Rushforth. K.D.. Revised by J.F. Webber. Elms resistant to Dutch elm disease. Arboriculture Research Note. November 1996. 2/96. 1–9. 26 October 2017. Arboricultural Advisory & Information Service. Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham. 1362-5128.
• Collin, E. (2001). Elm. In Teissier du Cros (Ed.) (2001) Forest Genetic Resources Management and Conservation. France as a case study. Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Bureau of Genetic Resources. INRA DIC. France.
• Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. pp 1848–1929. Private publication https://web.archive.org/web/20081005210025/http://fax.libs.uga.edu/QK488xE4/7tgbi/
• Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds), (2003). Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/PDF/PDF05/Ulmus.pdf
• Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. (1971). Elms of the Himalaya. Kew Bulletin, Vol. 26 (1). Kew, London.
• Richens, R. H. (1983). Elm. Cambridge University Press.
• Ware, G. (1995). Little-known elms from China: landscape tree possibilities. Journal of Arboriculture, (Nov. 1995). International Society of Arboriculture, Champaign, Illinois, US. https://web.archive.org/web/20071130221822/http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/fletcher/programs/nursery/metria/metria8/m87.pdf.

Notes and References

1. Whittemore . A. T. . Fuller. R. S. . Brown. B. H. . Hahn. M. . Gog. L. . Weber. J. A. . Hipp. A. L. . 2021 . Phylogeny, Biogeography, and Classification of the Elms (Ulmus) . Systematic Botany . 46 . 3 . 711–727 . 10.1600/036364421X16312068417039. 240155250 .
2. Wiegrefe . S. J. . Sytsma . K. J. . Guries . R. P. . 1994 . Phylogeny of elms (Ulmus, Ulmaceae): molecular evidence for a sectional classification . Systematic Botany . 19 . 4 . 590–612 . 10.2307/2419779. 2419779 .
3. Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. (1971). Elms of the Himalaya. Kew Bulletin, Vol. 26 (1). Kew, London.
4. Tanai . T. . Wolfe . J. A. . 1977 . Revisions of Ulmus and Zelkova in the middle and late Tertiary of western North America . 1026 . US Govt. Print. Off. .