List of doping cases in sport (A) explained

This is a sub-list from List of doping cases in sport representing a full list of surnames starting with A.

List

Name	Country	Sport	Year of violation	Anti-doping rule violation / Banned substance(s)	Sanction	Reference(s)
Fritz Aanes		Greco-Roman wrestling		Norandrosterone, Noretiocholanolone		^[1]
Tom Aage Aarnes		Ski jumping		Amphetamine		^[2]
Mariya Abakumova		Athletics	2008	Dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (Turinabol)		^[3]
Sara Abbazova		Powerlifting	2001	Nandrolone	Life	^[4]
Damin Abbiate		Weightlifting		Nandrolone		^[5]
Salwan Abbood		Weightlifting		Stanozolol
		Weightlifting		Metandienone
Walid Abdelaal		Wrestling		Stanozolol		^[6]
Ibrahim Abdelbaki		Wrestling		Methylhexaneamine
Yamil Abdellatif		Weightlifting		Cannabis
Donia Abdelrahman		Weightlifting		Hydroxystanozolol
Djamolidine Abdoujaparov		Cycling	1997	Clenbuterol, bromantan	1 year (Extended from 6 months)	^[7] ^[8]
Hashim Abdulkareem		Weightlifting		Norandrosterone
Muminjon Abdullaev		Wrestling		Nandrolone
Inga Abitova		Athletics	2008	Dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (Turinabol)
Alex Acco		Beach volleyball		Norandrosterone, Noretiocholanolone		^[9]
		Weightlifting
Johan Ackermann		Rugby union		Nandrolone		^[10]
Ali Adams		Boxing	2012	Stanozolol	2 years	^[11]
Phillip Adams		Shooting	2002	Hydrochlorothiazide	2 years	^[12]
Adham Khazeiq		Weightlifting		Nandrolone, Norandrosterone
Andre Agassi		Tennis		Methamphetamine (self-admitted)		^[13]
Uche Agu		Weightlifting		Norandrosterone
		Weightlifting		Methyltestosterone
All Ahmed		Weightlifting		Metandienone, Norandrosterone, Anabolic steroids
Naveed Ahmed Butt		Powerlifting	2008	Methandienone metabolites	2 years	^[14]
Mirambek Ainagulov		Wrestling		Furosemide
Lizandro Ajcú		Cycling		Erythropoietin (EPO)		^[15]
Karhan Akay		Swimming		Methandienone
Ali Akbar		Weightlifting				^[16]
Alibek Akbayev		Wrestling				^[17]
Albina Akhatova		Biathlon	2003 2009	Nikethamide Erythropoietin (EPO)		^[18]
Igor Akhlyustin		Swimming				^[19]
Shoaib Akhtar		Cricket		Nandrolone		^[20]
		Weightlifting		Methyltrienolone, Buprenorphine
		Weightlifting		Metandienone
Abdul Rehman Al Bader		Swimming		Methylhexaneamine		^[21]
Noor Alam		Cycling		Nandrolone		^[22]
Carlos Alberto de Jesus		Football (soccer)		Hydrochlorothiazide, Tamoxifen		^[23]
Rolf Aldag		Cycling		Erythropoietin (EPO) (self-admitted)	-	^[24]
Darrell Alderman		Drag racing		Cocaine		^[25] ^[26]
Faisal Aldossri		Tennis				^[27]
Denis Alekseyev		Athletics	2008	Dehydrochlormethyltestosterone (Turinabol)
Evgeny Aleshin		Swimming				^[28]
Jose Alexis Valida		Volleyball		Cocaine
		Cycling (track)	1998 2006 2007	Norandrosterone Testosterone (May), hCG (June) Refusal to submit to doping control	6 months 8 years Life ban	^[29] ^[30] ^[31]
Muhammad Al-Ghaferi		Swimming		Methylhexaneamine
Dilsher Ali		Cycling		Nandrolone
		Weightlifting		Metandienone
Javed Ali		Bodybuilding		Nandrolone
Khalid Ali		Bodybuilding
Sadam Ali		Boxing		Cathine		^[32]
Amir Aliakbari		Wrestling		Anabolic steroids
Waleed Ali Alghmdi		Water polo		Cannabis
		Weightlifting		Metandienone
Abdullah Ali Rami		Weightlifting		Metandienone, Ephedrine
Mohsen Alizadeh		Water polo		Norandrosterone and metabolites		^[33]
Yousri Yaseer Allaili		Water polo		Methamphetamine		^[34]
David Allen		Rugby League		Metabolite of cocaine		^[35]
A. J. Allmendinger		Auto racing		Amphetamines		^[36]
Carlos Almanzar		Baseball		Steroids		^[37]
		Weightlifting		Metandienone
Bassam Almohammad Alshahin		Weightlifting		Boldenone, Androsterone
Jasim Yusuf Al Nabhan		Beach volleyball		Methylhexaneamine		^[38]
Mohamed Al Saedi		Wrestling		Sibutramine
Saoud AlShehhi		Weightlifting		Stanozolol, Hydroxystanozolol
Thiago Alves		Mixed Martial Arts		Spironolactone		^[39]
Lyle Alzado		American football		Anabolic steroids (self-admitted)		^[40]
Nehal Ameur		Swimming		Methandienone		^[41]
Wafa Ammouri		Weightlifting				^[42]
Uwe Ampler		Cycling	1999	Steroids		^[43]
Chris Andersen		Basketball				^[44]
Kim Andersen		Cycling	1985 1986 1987 1992	Undisclosed (7 Sept), Norephedrine (14 Sept) Undisclosed (8 April), Undisclosed (16 April), Undisclosed (27 April) Testosterone Amineptine	1 year (Life ban lifted)	^[45] ^[46]
Peter Riis Andersen		Mountain biking		Erythropoietin (EPO)		^[47]
Darryl Anderson		Motorcycle racing				^[48]
Ijah Anderson		Football (soccer)		Cocaine		^[49]
		Weightlifting		Norandrosterone
Ekaterina Andreeva		Swimming				^[50]
Frankie Andreu		Cycling		Erythropoietin (EPO) (self-admitted)		^[51]
Joaquín Andújar		Baseball		Cocaine		^[52]
Jacques Anquetil		Cycling		Self-admitted		^[53]
Henry Antchouet		Football (soccer)		Cocaine		^[54]
Kristina Antoniychuk		Tennis		Furosemide		^[55]
Toppo Anupdeo		Weightlifting		Methylhexamine
Abdallah Anwar		Boccia		Hydrochlorothiazide		^[56]
Atif Anwar Ali		Bodybuilding				^[57]
Adam Anzorov		Wrestling
		Weightlifting		Metandienone
		Weightlifting		Metandienone
Andrei Aramnau		Weightlifting		Synthetic cannabinoid
Ibrahim Arat		Weightlifting		Hydroxystanozolol
Lorena Araujo		Swimming		Stanozolol
Fouodfi Arcangeline		Weightlifting		N-bisdesmethyl sibutramine
Alexandros Aresti		Swimming		Stanozolol		^[58]
Chris Armstrong		Football (soccer)		Cannabis		^[59]
Lance Armstrong		Cycling		Erythropoietin (EPO), Human Growth Hormone, Testosterone, Cortisone, Blood transfusions (self-admitted)	Life ban	^[60]
Marco Antonio Arriagada Quinchel		Cycling	2011	Stanozolol	4 years	^[61]
Michael Arroyo		Football (soccer)		cannabis		^[62]
Silvia Artola		Weightlifting		Methylhexaneamine
Kasem Asaad		Weightlifting		Methandriol, Methyltestosterone
Man Asaad		Weightlifting		Metandienone
Yamba Asha		Football (soccer)
Mohammed Asif		Cricket		Nandrolone
Hasan Aslam		Weightlifting
Nuno Assis		Football (soccer)		Nandrolone		^[63]
Igor Astarloa		Cycling		Biological passport violation	2 years	^[64] ^[65] ^[66]
Mikel Astarloza		Cycling	2009	Erythropoietin (EPO)	2 years	^[67]
Ksenia Atamanskaya		Swimming		Fenoterol
		Weightlifting		Methyltrienolone, Buprenorphine
Mikhail Audzeyev		Weightlifting		Boldenone, Androsterone
Floren Augier		Swimming		Prednisone, Prednisolone		^[68]
Arthur Auray		Water polo		Cocaine		^[69]
Michele Aureli		Water polo		Betamethasone
Niklas Axelsson		Cycling	2001 2009	EPO EPO, testosterone	2 years and 8 months (Reduced from 4 years) Life ban	^[70]
Murat Aygün		Kickboxing		Metandienone		^[71]
Laura Azevedo		Swimming		Anabolic steroids		^[72]
Tariq Aziz		Field hockey		Cannabis		^[73]
Villalobos Azofeifa		Cycling		GW501516		^[74]
Ahmed Abdelwahed		Athletics		Meldonium		^[75]

Notes and References

1. Web site: Cnnsi.de . Cnnsi.de . 2013-03-01 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110813191418/http://cnnsi.de/olympics/news/2000/09/30/athletes_drugs/ . August 13, 2011 .
2. News: Tom Aage Aarnes utestengt i to år . 4 April 2002 . . Norwegian. https://web.archive.org/web/20071013044359/http://www.idrett.no/t2.aspx?p=9855&x=1&a=39003 . October 13, 2007 . 2013-08-20.
3. Web site: IOC sanctions four athletes for failing anti-doping tests at Beijing 2008 and London 2012. 25 January 2017. International Olympic Committee.
4. News: Powerlifters get life ban. BBC News. 2004-09-22. 2010-05-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080722130148/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/disability_sport/3679748.stm . 2008-07-22 . live.
5. http://www.iwf.net/anti-doping/sanctioned-athletes/ Sanctioned athletes
6. http://www.fila-official.com/images/FILA/documents/dopage/130625_List_of_sanctions__Internet.pdf Sanctions for doping & Disciplinary sanctions
7. Web site: Tour de France 1997 . Autobus.cyclingnews.com . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131102172158/http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/archives/tour97/stage7.html . November 2, 2013 . live.
8. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19980127/ai_n9651405 The Independent (London), 27 January 1998, Cycling: Tashkent Express derailed
9. http://www.fivb.org/EN/Medical/Document/FIVB_Anti-doping_rule_violations2009_2011.pdf 2009-2011 Anti-Doping Rule Violations
10. http://www.news24.com/News24/Sport/Rugby/0,,2-9-838_1122188,00.html Ackermann lost to SA rugby
11. https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/0/boxing/19833884 Ali Adams given two-year ban from boxing for doping offence
12. News: Shooter Adams' two-year ban . Theage.com.au . 2003-03-16 . 2012-07-24 . Melbourne . https://web.archive.org/web/20121102223503/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/03/15/1047583740703.html . 2012-11-02 . live.
13. News: Agassi says he used crystal meth in '97 . . 2009-10-28 . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130925160007/http://sports.espn.go.com/sports/tennis/news/story?id=4600027 . 2013-09-25 . live.
14. Web site: Pakistani powerlifter banned for two years. Zee News. 14 January 2016.
15. News: Nine positives in Vuelta a Guatemala . January 1, 2005 . Jeff Jones . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130622000347/http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/news.php?id=news%2F2005%2Fjan05%2Fjan01news . June 22, 2013 . live .
16. Web site: Pakistan's sports graph plummetted despite millions spent: Arif Hasan's three years as POA chief. Dawn. 11 March 2007 . 15 January 2016.
17. http://www.canada.com/sports/Russian+swimmer+Lovtsova+suspended+years+doping+violation/8111787/story.html Russian swimmer Lovtsova suspended for 2.5 years for doping violation
18. News: Biathletes lose doping ban appeals . . 2009-11-13 . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121104094413/http://sports.espn.go.com/oly/skiing/news/story?id=4650931 . 2012-11-04 . live.
19. http://www.iol.co.za/sport/more-sport/russian-athletes-suspended-for-doping-1.1548129 Russian athletes suspended for doping
20. http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/cricket/6054084.stm Pakistan pair fail doping tests
21. http://www.fina.org/H2O/docs/ad_cases_dopingcasesreport2011.pdf 2011 Doping Cases Report
22. Web site: Pakistan ban five athletes over doping . 17 January 2011 . The Express Tribune. 8 December 2015.
23. Web site: Vasco midfielder Alberto faces doping ban . Daijiworld Media. 2013-04-19.
24. News: Zabel admits to doping at Telekom . BBC News . 2007-05-24 . 2010-05-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131031032712/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/other_sports/cycling/6687307.stm . 2013-10-31 . live.
25. News: NHRA Suspends Alderman in Wake of His Guilty Plea . Los Angeles Times . Shav . Glick . 1992-01-04 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120311132203/http://articles.latimes.com/1992-01-04/sports/sp-1249_1_darrell-alderman . 2012-03-11 . live.
26. News: Pro Stock Champion Alderman Pleads Guilty to Cocaine Charges . Los Angeles Times . Shav . Glick . 1992-01-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101153220/http://articles.latimes.com/1992-01-03/sports/sp-5711_1_pro-stock-drag . 2013-11-01 . live.
27. http://www.itftennis.com/media/152458/152458.pdf ANTI-DOPING PARTICIPANT SUSPENSIONS
28. http://www.fina.org/H2O/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=62&Itemid=230 2010 Doping Cases Report
29. News: Alfred accepts 8-year suspension. VeloNews . https://web.archive.org/web/20080820033902/http://www.velonews.com/article/11589. August 20, 2008. Feb 2, 2007.
30. http://velonews.competitor.com/2008/02/news/track/alfred-banned-for-life_71800 Alfred banned for life
31. Web site: UCI list of 'Decisions on Anti-Doping Rule Violations made in 2007' . 2012-07-18 . https://web.archive.org/web/20110613181848/http://www.uci.ch/Modules/BUILTIN/getObject.asp?MenuId=&ObjTypeCode=FILE&type=FILE&id=MzQ2Nzc& . 13 June 2011 . dead . UCI .
32. News: Canarsie's Sadam Ali fights test result . Mitch Abramson . New York . Daily News . January 16, 2008 . https://web.archive.org/web/20080923220149/http://www.nydailynews.com/sports/high_school/2008/01/16/2008-01-16_canarsies_sadam_ali_fights_test_result.html . September 23, 2008 . live .
33. http://www.fina.org/H2O/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=18&Itemid=230 2009 Doping Cases Report
34. http://www.fina.org/H2O/docs/ad_cases_dopingcasesreport2012.pdf 2012 Doping Cases Report
35. News: Allen appeal against ban increase . BBC News . 2007-03-05 . 2010-05-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070303073742/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/rugby_league/6408493.stm . 2007-03-03 . live.
36. News: AJ Allmendinger suspended by NASCAR after failing drugs test. Autosport.com. 2012-07-08. 2012-07-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130603122748/http://www.autosport.com/news/report.php/id/101045 . 2013-06-03 . live.
37. Web site: ESPN - Rangers' Almanzar suspended 10 days for steroids . . 2005-10-04 . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131029195749/http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2180995 . 2013-10-29 . live.
38. http://www.fivb.org/EN/Medical/Document/2012_Anti-doping_Rule_Violations.pdf 2012 Anti-Doping Rule Violations
39. Web site: Gross . Josh . NSAC Says Alves Tests Positive for Diuretic . Sherdog.com . 2007-01-04 . 2012-02-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130602182409/http://www.sherdog.com/news/news/NSAC-Says-Alves-Tests-Positive-for-Diuretic-6483 . 2013-06-02 . live.
40. Web site: ESPN Classic - Not the size of the dog in the fight . Espn.go.com . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121027014028/http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/classic/bio/news/story?page=Alzado_Lyle . 2012-10-27 . dead.
41. http://www.fina.org/H2O/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=13&Itemid=230 2004 Doping Cases Report
42. Web site: ESPN - Former European champ among suspended . . 2004-08-20 . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121026094111/http://sports.espn.go.com/oly/summer04/gen/news/story?id=1862667 . 2012-10-26 . live.
43. News: Uwe Ampler contrite . Cycling News and Analysis . August 9, 1999 . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130622080637/http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/results/1999/aug99/aug9.shtml . 2013-06-22 . live.
44. Web site: ESPN - Hornets' Andersen kicked out of NBA for drug use . . 2006-01-27 . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131021043151/http://sports.espn.go.com/nba/news/story?id=2308918 . 2013-10-21 . live.
45. Web site: AF Anders Fuglsang . De dømte og de mistænkte . da . https://web.archive.org/web/20081003081333/http://politiken.dk/cykling/cykling_fakta/article312262.ece . 2008-10-03 . dead . Politiken.dk . 2012-07-24 .
46. Dopeology: Kim Andersen, dopeology.org
47. Web site: Danish cyclist gets 2-year suspension for doping . Gmanews.tv . 2008-09-11 . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131101191638/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/119581/sports/danish-cyclist-gets-2-year-suspension-for-doping . 2013-11-01 . live.
48. News: Manx Grand Prix: Newcomer Darryl Anderson excluded after failing drugs test. BBC News. 2023-08-23. 2023-08-25.
49. News: Anderson gets six-month drugs ban . BBC News . 2005-12-19 . 2010-05-08 . https://web.archive.org/web/20051223215037/http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport1/hi/football/teams/s/swansea_city/4542346.stm . 2005-12-23 . live.
50. News: Russian Swimmer Suspended For Doping . Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty . 2013-03-17 . 2013-03-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130331191722/http://www.rferl.org/content/russia-swimmer-banned-doping/24931266.html . 2013-03-31 . live.
51. Web site: Former US Postal riders admit EPO use . Cycling News and Analysis . 2006-09-12 . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20130623192520/http://autobus.cyclingnews.com/news.php?id=news%2F2006%2Fsep06%2Fsep12news2 . 2013-06-23 . live .
52. News: Baseball Orders Suspension Of 11 Drug Users. The New York Times. 1986-03-01. 2010-05-08 . Michael. Goodwin . https://web.archive.org/web/20121112160546/http://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/01/sports/baseball-orders-suspension-of-11-drug-users.html . 2012-11-12 . live.
53. Web site: Love for bicycling and women. 4 June 2008 . Cycling News. 2013-04-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120919202110/http://www.cyclingnews.com/features/love-for-bicycling-and-women . 2012-09-19 . live.
54. Web site: Henri Arnaud Antchouet Rebienot . Footballdatabase.com . 2012-07-24. https://web.archive.org/web/20081129195818/http://www.footballdatabase.com/index.php?page=player&Id=6360&pn=Henri_Arnaud_Antchouet_Rebienot. November 29, 2008.
55. Web site: ITF suspends Kristina Antoniychuk for 14-months for using performance enhancing drugs | News Bytes . Thesportscampus.com . 2010-05-12 . 2012-02-14 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120228222621/http://www.thesportscampus.com/201005125108/news-bytes/decision-in-the-case-of-kristina-antoniychuk . 2012-02-28 . dead .
56. http://www.aroundtherings.com/articles/view.aspx?id=43618 U.S. Boccia Athlete, Anwar, Accepts Public Warning for Anti-Doping Rule Violation
57. Web site: Pak bodybuilders test positive, dropped from Asiad squad. DNA India. 15 January 2016.
58. http://www.fina.org/H2O/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=14&Itemid=230 2005 Doping Cases Report
59. News: The FA has suspended Chris Armstrong of Crystal Palace for smoking a private spliff. Our football correspondent calls for a sense of proportion . London . The Independent . Glenn . Moore . 1995-03-07 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120626053417/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/the-fa-has-suspended-chris-armstrong-of-crystal-palace-for-smoking-a-private-spliff-our-football-correspondent-calls-for-a-sense-of-proportion-1610241.html . 2012-06-26 . live.
60. News: Armstrong Drops Fight Against Doping Charges . The New York Times. August 23, 2012. 2012-08-23 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121101003310/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/24/sports/cycling/lance-armstrong-ends-fight-against-doping-charges-losing-his-7-tour-de-france-titles.html?_r=1 . 2012-11-01 . live.
61. Web site: SANCTIONS, PERIOD OF INELIGIBILITY, DISQUALIFICATION (2011). https://web.archive.org/web/20131102134214/http://www.uci.ch/Modules/BUILTIN/getObject.asp?MenuId=MTU3Mjg&ObjTypeCode=FILE&type=FILE&id=NjY5MTE&LangId=1. 2 November 2013. June 20, 2011 . UCI Website . UCI.
62. Web site: Arroyo banned after testing positive . FIFA.com . 2007-09-27 . 2012-07-24 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121102101515/http://www.fifa.com/worldfootball/news/newsid%3D606660.html . 2012-11-02 . dead .
63. News: Assis drug ban finalised . 4 January 2007 . dead . 13 November 2013 . 13 February 2007 . https://web.archive.org/web/20070213055121/http://www.uefa.com/uefa/keytopics/kind%3D1/newsid%3D494827.html .
64. Web site: Sanctions, Period of Ineligibily, Disqualification (2010). https://web.archive.org/web/20110707004541/http://www.uci.ch/Modules/BUILTIN/getObject.asp?MenuId=&ObjTypeCode=FILE&type=FILE&id=NjY5MTA&LangId=1. 7 July 2011. UCI.
65. Web site: Barry Ryan . Astarloa suspended and fined for UCI biological passport infraction . Cyclingnews.com . December 2010. 19 June 2014.
66. Andrew Hood: Former world champion Igor Astarloa suspended and fined based on ‘biological passport’ doping charges, velonews.com, 1 December 2010
67. News: Tour de France stage-winner Mikel Astarloza tests positive for EPO . Usatoday.com . 2009-07-31 . 2012-07-24 .
68. http://www.fina.org/H2O/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=17&Itemid=230 2008 Doping Cases Report
69. http://www.fina.org/H2O/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=16&Itemid=230 2007 Doping Cases Report
70. Web site: Blood Doping: The Dirty Technique Used By Athletes | Plasma Donation! Enter the 'money for blood' world . Bloodbanker.com . 2012-08-09 . 2013-11-11 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131103151258/http://bloodbanker.com/plasma/plasma-donation/blood-doping-the-dirty-technique-used-by-athletes/ . 2013-11-03 . dead .
71. Web site: Anti Doping Program .
72. News: A Difficult Test . Ft. Lauderdale . Sun Sentinel . Sharon . Robb . 2003-05-25 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131102185941/http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/2003-05-25/sports/0305240349_1_brazilian-olympic-committee-brazil-olympic-train . 2013-11-02 . live.
73. Web site: Hockey star Tariq Aziz faces PHF ban over cannabis use. Dawn. 13 October 2009 . 15 January 2016.
74. News: Cycling: 4 new doping cases of black market drug . Associated Press . 2013-04-17 . 2013-04-19 . https://web.archive.org/web/20131102190301/http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/sports/56173296-77/drug-cycling-doping-banned.html.csp . 2013-11-02 . live.
75. Web site: Steeplechase medalist suspended for meldonium . ESPN.com . 13 September 2022 . en . 12 September 2022.