List of disasters in Canada by death toll explained

This list of Canadian disasters by death toll includes major disasters (excluding acts of war) that occurred on Canadian soil or involved Canadian citizens, in a definable incident, where the loss of life was 10 or more.

200 or more deaths

data-sort-type="number"	Fatalities	Year	Article	Type	Location	Comments
55,000+	1918-1919	1918 influenza pandemic	Pandemic	Canada	Fatalities are estimated
53,000+	2020-present	COVID-19	Pandemic	Canada	Ongoing
26,000+	1981-present	HIV/AIDS	Pandemic	Canada	Ongoing
20,000+	1847-1848	Canadian typhus	Pandemic	Canada	Fatalities are estimated
7,000	1957-1958	Asian flu	Pandemic	Canada
6,000	1890-1891	Russian flu	Pandemic	Canada
4,000	1775^[1]	Newfoundland Hurricane of 1775	Hurricane	Newfoundland
4,000	1968	Hong Kong flu	Pandemic	Canada
Unknown, likely several thousand	1700	1700 Cascadia earthquake	Earthquake	British Columbia coast	True figures unknown. Many coastal First Nations villages (such as Kiix-in) were completely wiped out.^[2] ^[3]
2,000	~1700^[4]	Tseax Cone eruption	Volcanic eruption	Northwestern British Columbia
2,000	1917	Halifax Explosion	Explosion	Halifax, Nova Scotia	Estimate; 1,950 recorded names
1,012	1914	RMS Empress of Ireland	Shipwreck	St. Lawrence River, Quebec
890	1711	Quebec expedition (1711)	Shipwreck	Quebec	Failed expedition that led to the drowning of about 890
676	2021	2021 Western North America heat wave	Heat wave	Alberta and British Columbia	610 excess deaths in BC and 66 excess deaths in Alberta during the week^[5] ^[6] ^[7]
500+	1953	Polio	Epidemic	Canada
562	1873	RMS Atlantic	Shipwreck	Mars Island, Nova Scotia
428	2009-2010	Swine flu	Pandemic	Canada	out of 3 million Canadians infected
360	1758	Duke William	Shipwreck	Atlantic Ocean near the coast of France	during the expulsion of the Acadians^[8]
353	1918	SS Princess Sophia	Shipwreck	Near Juneau, Alaska	en route from Vancouver and Victoria to northern BC and Alaska
340	1805	Aeneas	Shipwreck	Isle aux Morts, Newfoundland
300	1758^[9]	Violet	Shipwreck	Atlantic Ocean near the coast of England	during the expulsion of the Acadians bound for France
316	1834	Sybelle	Shipwreck	St. Paul Island, Nova Scotia	Emigrant ship wreck
300	1885^[10] ^[11]	Great Labrador Gale of 1885	Hurricane	Labrador coast
275	1875	SS Pacific	Shipwreck	near Cape Flattery out of Victoria, British Columbia
268 (Canadians)	1985	Air India Flight 182	Terrorism	Atlantic Ocean near the coast of Ireland	flight out of Montréal–Mirabel International Airport, bomb exploded off the coast of Ireland. 268 out of 329 total fatalities were Canadian.
265	1833	Lady of the Lake (brig)	Shipwreck	near Cape St. Francis (Newfoundland and Labrador), Newfoundland and Labrador	The brig called Lady of the Lake sank near Cape St. Francis after a collision with ice killing 265 people
256	1985	Arrow Air Flight 1285	Plane crash	Gander, Newfoundland	As of 2024, it is the deadliest aviation accident to occur on Canadian soil.^[12]
253	1689	Lachine massacre	Massacre	Lachine, New France	1,500 Mohawk people warriors attack Lachine and kill 250 people. 3 Mohawk warriors were killed in the process
253	1857	SS Montreal	Shipwreck	St. Lawrence River, Quebec	Caught on fire near Quebec City^[13]
250	1913	Great Lakes Storm of 1913	Blizzard/Storm	Great Lakes, Ontario	Estimate is for both Canadian and U.S. fatalities
238	1797	HMS Tribune	Shipwreck	Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia
237	1863^[14]	SS Anglo Saxon	Shipwreck	Cape Race, Avalon Peninsula, Newfoundland	Allan Line shipwreck
229	1998	Swissair Flight 111	Plane crash	St. Margarets Bay, Nova Scotia
223-600	1873	Nova Scotia hurricane of 1873	Hurricane	Nova Scotia	The Monthly Weather Review, published by the American Meteorological Society, set the death toll at 223 but the New York Times set the toll at 600
223	1916	Matheson Fire	Forest fire	Black River-Matheson, Ontario	Official estimate^[15]
221	1834	Astrea (1812 ship)	Shipwreck	Sank east of Louisbourg, Nova Scotia	Sank with 224 people aboard. Only 3 survived
205	1860^[16]	SS Hungarian	Shipwreck	Cape Sable Island, Nova Scotia	Allan Line passenger ship wrecked Cape Sable, NS
203	1942	USS Pollux (AKS-2) and USS Truxtun (DD-229)	Shipwreck	Placentia Bay, Newfoundland	Wreck of the USS Pollux resulted in 93 fatalities and USS Truxtun 110; the USS Wilkes (DD-441) also grounded, but there were no fatalities.

100 to 199 deaths

data-sort-type="number"	Fatalities	Year	Article	Type	Location	Comments
190+^[17]	1758	Ruby	Shipwreck	Azores, Portugal	during the expulsion of the Acadians
189	1914	Hillcrest mine disaster	Explosion	Hillcrest, Crowsnest Pass, Alberta	Deadliest mining disaster in Canadian history
182+	1881	Victoria steamboat disaster	Shipwreck	London, Ontario	^[18]
174	1914	SS Southern Cross	Shipwreck	Off the coast of Newfoundland
173	1918	SS Florizel	Shipwreck	Cappahayden, Newfoundland
173-192	1927	1927 Nova Scotia hurricane	Hurricane	Nova Scotia and surrounding area	Approximate figure, most fatalities occurred at sea
160	1825	Miramichi fire	Forest fire	Northern New Brunswick, including the towns of Fredericton, Miramichi, and Doaktown
150	1887	Nanaimo mine explosion	Explosion	Nanaimo, British Columbia
137	1942	SS Caribou	Shipwreck	Sank southwest of Channel-Port aux Basques, Newfoundland and Labrador
136	1906	SS Valencia	Shipwreck	Cape Beale, Vancouver Island, British Columbia
130	1845-1848	Franklin's lost expedition	Failed expedition	King William Island area, Nunavut	The final expedition of John Franklin, where HMS Erebus and HMS Terror were lost in the Northwest Passage
128	1902	Coal Creek mine disaster	Explosion	Coal Creek, British Columbia
125	1891	First Springhill mining disaster	Explosion	Springhill, Nova Scotia
123	1882	SS Asia	Shipwreck	Georgian Bay
120	1747	Battle of Grand Pré	Battle	Grand-Pré, Nova Scotia
118	1949	SS Noronic	Shipwreck	Toronto, Ontario
118	1963	Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 831	Plane crash	Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec
115	1828	HMS Acorn	Shipwreck	Halifax, Nova Scotia
114	1942	HMS Crusader (H60)	Shipwreck	Sank east of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador
114	1761	Auguste (1758 ship)	Shipwreck	Sank in Aspy Bay, Nova Scotia	There was 121 aboard the ship and only 7 survived
110	1942	USS Truxtun (DD-229)	Shipwreck	Lawn, Newfoundland and Labrador	Sank alongside USS Pollux (AKS-2)
109	1970	Air Canada Flight 621	Plane crash	Brampton, Ontario
102	1711	HMS Feversham	Shipwreck	Scatarie Island, Main-à-Dieu, Nova Scotia

99 to 10 deaths

data-sort-type="number"	Fatalities	Year	Incident Name	Type	Location	Comments
99	1864	Beloeil train disaster	Train wreck	Beloeil, Quebec	Deadliest train disaster in Canada
99	1942	Knights of Columbus Hostel fire	Fire, Suspected Arson	St. John's, Newfoundland
94	1918	SS Florizel	Shipwreck	Sank near Renews-Cappahayden, Newfoundland	Sank after collision with rocks
93	1942	USS Pollux (AKS-2)	Shipwreck	Lawn, Newfoundland and Labrador
90	1711	HMS Feversham (1696)	Shipwreck	Scatarie Island Nova Scotia	90 crew members drowned while the other 45 crew members survived
88	1918	Allan mine explosion	Explosion	Stellarton, Nova Scotia	^[19]
87	1942	SS Cyclops (1906)	Shipwreck	off the coast of Nova Scotia	British cargo steamship SS Cyclops was sunk in 1942 after being hit by a torpedo from a German submarine killing 87 of the men aboard it
84	1982	Ocean Ranger	Oil platform sinking	Grand Banks, Newfoundland
81 (Canadian fatalities only)	1954	Hurricane Hazel	Hurricane	Ontario
79	1957	Maritime Central Airways Flight 315	Plane crash	Issoudun, Quebec
78	1914	1914 Newfoundland Sealing Disaster	Storm	Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Newfoundland	Fatalities from the SS Southern Cross are excluded
77	1927	Laurier Palace Theatre fire	Fire	Montreal, Quebec
75	1907	First Quebec Bridge collapse	Bridge collapse	Quebec City, Quebec
75	1958	Third Springhill mining disaster	Coal mine bump	Springhill, Nova Scotia
74	2018	2018 North American heat wave	Heat wave	Quebec and Ontario	^[20]
73-200	1911	Great Porcupine Fire	Forest fire	Porcupine, Ontario
70	1903	Frank Slide	Rockslide	Frank, Crowsnest Pass, North-West Territories (Modern day Alberta)
65	1917	Dominion No. 12 Colliery explosion	Explosion	New Waterford, Nova Scotia	^[21]
64	1966	Canadian Pacific Airlines Flight 402	Plane crash	Tokyo, Japan	Crashed on landing at Haneda Airport in Tokyo with 8 survivors
64	1813	HMS Tweed (1807)	Shipwreck	Shoal Bay (Newfoundland and Labrador)
63 (Canadian fatalities only)	2020	Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752	Plane shootdown	Tehran, Iran
62	1910	Rogers Pass avalanche	Avalanche	Rogers Pass, British Columbia
62	1956	Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 810	Plane crash	Chilliwack, British Columbia
60	1915	Britannia Mine Jane Camp landslide	Landslide	Britannia Beach, British Columbia
59	1857	Desjardins Canal disaster	Train wreck	Hamilton, Ontario	On March 12th 1857, A train carrying 90 passengers crashed through a bridge over the Desjardins Canal causing the train to fall onto the ice below killing 59 people and injuring 18 others ^[22] ^[23]
59	1828	Despatch	Shipwreck	Isle aux Morts, Newfoundland	^[24]
58	1945	German submarine U-548	Shipwreck	Sank southeast of Halifax, Nova Scotia	All 58 people on the submarine were lost with it
55	1896	Point Ellice Bridge disaster	Tram accident	Victoria, British Columbia
55-58	1926	1926 Nova Scotia hurricane	Hurricane	Nova Scotia	Approximate number, most deaths occurred at sea.
54	2018	2018 Eastern Canada heat wave	Heat wave	Eastern Canada	^[25]
53	1918	Grey Nuns Motherhouse fire	Fire	Ville-Marie, Montreal	^[26]
53	1943	German submarine U-174	Shipwreck	Sank southwest of Newfoundland	No survivors^[27]
53	1942	German submarine U-520	Shipwreck	Sank east of Newfoundland	No survivors^[28]
52	1854	Jeannette's Creek train wreck	Train wreck	Jeannettes Creek, Ontario
52-232	1900	1900 Galveston Hurricane	Hurricane	Eastern Canada
52	1965	Canadian Pacific Airlines Flight 21	Mass murder	near 100 Mile House, British Columbia	Crashed after a bomb exploded on board. The motive and perpetrator(s) remain unknown.
50 - 60	1849	Hannah (1849 shipwreck)	Shipwreck	Gulf of St. Lawrence	^[29]
48	1979	Opémiska Community Hall fire	Fire, Accidental Arson	Chapais, Quebec
47	1942	SS Empire Dabchick	Shipwreck	Sank southeast of Sable Island, Nova Scotia	Sank with the loss of 36 crew and 11 DEMS gunners
47	2013	Lac-Mégantic rail disaster	Train wreck	Lac-Mégantic, Quebec
44-63	1910	Spanish River derailment	Train wreck	Nairn, Ontario
44	1950	1950 Douglas C-54D disappearance	Suspected plane crash	Somewhere between Snag and Aishihik, Yukon Territory	42 US military personnel and 2 civilians. No trace of the plane has ever been found.
44	1997	1997 Les Éboulements bus accident	Bus crash	Les Éboulements, Quebec
44	1880	Foord Pit explosion	Explosion	Stellarton, Nova Scotia	^[30]
44	1917	CGS Simcoe (1909)	Shipwreck	Sank near the Magdalen Islands, Quebec	No survivors
43	1922	Great Fire of 1922	Wildfire	Timiskaming District, Ontario
43	2003	2003 SARS outbreak	Outbreak	Toronto, Ontario	Out of a total of 251 cases
43	1942	German submarine U-754	Shipwreck	Sank near Yarmouth, Nova Scotia	No survivors, all 43 aboard the submarine died
43	1978	Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314	Plane crash	Cranbrook, British Columbia
40+	1815	HMS Penelope	Shipwreck	near Cap des Rosiers, Quebec	Many survivors later froze to death.^[31]
40	1889	Quebec rockslide	Rockslide	Quebec City, Quebec
40	1901	SS Islander	Shipwreck	Lynn Canal, Alaska	Sunk by an iceberg south of Juneau
40 (Canadian fatalities only)	1912	Titanic	Shipwreck	near Newfoundland	Canadian deaths only of 1,517 totalWeb site: The Demographics of Titanic Passengers.
40	1918	HMCS Galiano	Shipwreck	Queen Charlotte Sound 20miles of Kunghit Island, British Columbia
40	1978	Eastman bus crash	Bus crash	Eastman, Quebec
39	1928	Hollinger Mining Disaster	Mine fire	Timmins, Ontario
39	1942	Almonte train wreck	Train wreck	Almonte, Ontario
39	1956	Second Springhill mining disaster	Explosion	Springhill, Nova Scotia
39	1946	1946 American Overseas Airlines Douglas DC-4 crash	Plane crash	Stephenville, Newfoundland
39	1945	HMCS Esquimalt	Shipwreck	Sank off Chebucto Head, Nova Scotia
38	1850	Commerce	Shipwreck	Port Maitland, Ontario
38	1969	1969 Notre-Dame-du-Lac Nursing Home Fire	Fire	Notre-Dame-du-Lac, Quebec	^[32]
37	1867	Great Labrador Gale of 1867	Storm	Labrador, Newfoundland
37+	1869	1869 Saxby Gale	Tropical cyclone	Maritime provinces	Most deaths occurred at sea
37	1951	1951 Canadian Pacific Air Douglas DC-10 disappearance	Suspected plane crash	Pacific Ocean near Yakutat, Alaska
37	1972	Blue Bird Café fire	Arson	Montreal, Quebec
37	1921	Britannia Beach flood	Flood	Britannia Beach, British Columbia
37	1954	Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 9	Mid-air collision	Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan
36	1952	Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 324	Plane crash	Sandspit, British Columbia
36	1746	Battle at Port-la-Joye	Battle	Skmaqn–Port-la-Joye–Fort Amherst, Prince Edward Island
35	1959	1959 Escuminac hurricane	Hurricane	Gulf of St. Lawrence, New Brunswick
35	1967	ČSA Flight 523	Plane crash	Gander, Newfoundland
32	2014	L'Isle-Verte nursing home fire	Fire	L'Isle-Verte, Quebec
32	1971	MV Meteor	Ship fire	Pacific Ocean off of Vancouver, British Columbia
32	1974	Panarctic Oils Flight 416	Plane crash	Melville Island, Northwest Territories
32	1909	Wellington Collieries cave-in	Mining accident	Extension, British Columbia	^[33]
32	1910	1910 Herald fire	Fire	Montreal, Quebec	^[34]
31	1902	Wanstead train disaster	Train wreck	Wanstead, Ontario
31	1882	Halifax Poor House fire	Fire	Halifax, Nova Scotia	^[35]
31	1947	Dugald train disaster	Train wreck	Dugald, Manitoba
31	1910	Bellevue mine disaster	Explosion	Bellevue, Alberta	21 of the deaths caused by inhaling carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
31	1971	Saint-Jean-Vianney landslide	Landslide	Saint-Jean-Vianney, Quebec	^[36]
30	1930	John B. King explosion	Explosion	near Brockville, Ontario	Lightning struck a drill boat containing dynamite
30	2003	2003 Avalanche season	Avalanche	Western Canada (Alberta and British Columbia)	Deadliest avalanche season in Canada since 1970
~30	1979	Eastern Canadian blizzard of March 1971	Blizzard	Quebec
30	1932	Cymbeline explosion	Explosion	Montreal	the ship SS Cymbeline exploded killing at least 30 men ^[37]
30	1942	Saganaga	Shipwreck	Conception Bay, Newfoundland	List of shipwrecks in September 1942#5 September
29	1929	1929 Grand Banks earthquake	Earthquake and tsunami	Burin Peninsula, Newfoundland	Mainly affecting the town of Burin
29	1975	SS Edmund Fitzgerald	Shipwreck	Northwest of Pancake Bay, Ontario in Lake Superior
29	1941	Brazeau Collieries Mine explosion	Explosion	Rocky Mountain House, Alberta
28	1912	Regina Cyclone	Tornado	Regina, Saskatchewan
28	1965	LaSalle Heights disaster	Explosion	LaSalle, Quebec
28 (Canadian fatalities only)	1998	North American ice storm of 1998	Ice storm	Ontario and Quebec
28	1931	SS Viking	Explosion	Horse Islands, Newfoundland
27	1958	Second Narrows Bridge collapse	Bridge collapse	Vancouver, British Columbia
27	1962	Canadian Pacific Air Lines Flight 301	Plane crash	Honolulu, Hawaii
27	1987	Edmonton tornado	Tornado	Edmonton, Alberta
27	1946	1946 Sabena DC-4 crash	Plane crash	Gander, Newfoundland
26+	1804	HMS Speedy	Shipwreck	Presqu'ile Bay, Lake Ontario
26-28	1965	Granduc Mine avalanche	Avalanche	Stewart, British Columbia
26	1992	Westray Mine methane explosion	Explosion	Plymouth, Nova Scotia
26	1948	1948 Rimouski Airlines crash	Plane crash	Anticosti Island, Quebec
25	1980	1980 Mississauga nursing home fire	Fire	Mississauga, Ontario	^[38] List of disasters in Canada
25	1913	SS Argus	Shipwreck	Lake Huron	No survivors
25	1916	James B. Colgate (ship)	Shipwreck	Sank off Long Point, Ontario	Out of the 26-man crew only sea captain Walter Grashaw survived
24	1989	Air Ontario Flight 1363	Plane crash	Dryden, Ontario
24	1943	1943 Saint-Donat RCAF Liberator III crash	Plane Crash	Saint-Donat, Quebec
24	1916	1916 Quaker Oats explosion	Explosion, Fire	Peterborough, Ontario
23	1949	Québec Airways DC-3 bomb sabotage	Mass murder	Saint-Joachim, Quebec	Albert Guay, along with the assistance of two other people planted a bomb in a plan to kill his wife
23	1983	Air Canada Flight 797	Aircraft fire	Cincinnati International Airport, Kentucky
23	1986	Hinton train collision	Train wreck	Hinton, Alberta
23	2005	Legionnaire's disease outbreak	Epidemic	Toronto, Ontario	^[39] ^[40]
23	2020	2020 Nova Scotia attacks	Mass shooting	Portapique, Enfield, Wentworth, Debert, and Shubenacaide, Nova Scotia
23	1951	1957 Queen Charlotte Airlines Canto crash	Plane crash	Mount Benson, British Columbia
23	1947	Goose Bay USAF DC-4 crash	Plane crash	CFB Goose Bay, Newfoundland
23	1953	1953 Random Island plane crash	Plane crash	Random Island, Nova Scotia	^[41]
22	1980	Swift Current Broncos bus crash	Bus crash	near Swift Current, Saskatchewan	^[42]
22	1958	1958 Lockheed Constellation crash	Plane crash	Argentia, Newfoundland
22	2008	2008 Canada listeriosis outbreak	Outbreak	Toronto, Ontario	Out of 57 total cases
22	1980	CP Rail crew bus crash	Bus Crash	Webb, Saskatchewan
21	1977	Saint John City Hall fire	Arson	Saint John, New Brunswick	^[43]
21	1950	Canoe River train crash	Train wreck	Valemount, British Columbia
21	1943	FV Flora Alberta	Ship collision	Atlantic Ocean off of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia
21	1998	MV Flare	Shipwreck	Cabot Strait, Newfoundland
21	1949	1949 RCAF Canso crash	Plane crash	Bigstone Lake, Manitoba
21	1946	1946 RCAF Estevan C-47 Dakota crash	Plane crash	Estevan, Saskatchewan
21	1938	Princess Pit rake disaster	Mining accident	Sydney Mines, Nova Scotia	^[44]
21	1736	Lake of the Woods massacre	Massacre	Massacre Island (Ontario)	21 Frenchmen were killed by Lakota and Dakota warriors on massacre island
21	1966	Dorion level crossing accident	School bus crash	Dorion, Quebec
20	1927	Beauval Indian Residential School Fire	Fire	Beauval, Saskatchewan
20	1941	American Airlines Flight 1 (1941)	Plane crash	West of St. Thomas, Ontario
20	1918	Alvin Siding camp fire	Fire	Nova Scotia	^[45]
20	1771	Bloody Falls massacre	Massacre	Bloody Falls, Nunavut
20	1911	Sechelt (steamboat)	Shipwreck	near Race Rocks Light, British Columbia	20 estimated fatalities
20	1953	Colonial Coach Lines Bus Accident	Traffic collision	Morrisburg, Ontario	A bus and a truck collided killing 20 people
19	1993	La Tuque bus disaster	Bus crash	La Tuque, Quebec
19	1910	SS Regulus	Shipwreck	Shoal Bay, Newfoundland
19	1941	Polio	Epidemic	New Brunswick	Out of a total of 427 cases
19	1952	McGregor Mine Explosion	Explosion	Stellarton Nova Scotia	^[46]
19	1993	Accident at Lac-Bouchette	Traffic collision	Lac-Bouchette, Quebec	A minibus and a van collided causing a fire that killed 19
18 (Canadian fatalities only)	2019	Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302	Plane crash	Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
18	1958	Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing collapse	Engineering disaster	Vancouver, British Columbia	18 workers were killed
18	1944	German submarine U-1229	Shipwreck	Sank south of Newfoundland	41 survivors
17	1960	Lamont school bus crash	School bus crash	near the town of Lamont, Alberta	^[47]
17	1946^[48]	Windsor-Tecumseh tornado	Tornado	Windsor, Ontario
17	2009	Cougar Helicopters Flight 91	Helicopter crash	Off the coast of Newfoundland
17	1907	Hochelaga Protestant School Fire	Fire	Montreal, Quebec
17	2023	Carberry bus crash	Bus crash	Carberry, Manitoba
17	1979	Quebecair Flight 255	Plane crash	Quebec City, Quebec
16	1918	Protection Island mining disaster	Elevator accident	Protection Island, Nanaimo, British Columbia
16	2018	Humboldt Broncos bus crash	Bus crash	Armley, Saskatchewan
16	1958	Oldfield Apartment Fire	Fire	Montreal, Quebec
16	1935	Galt Mine No.8 Explosion	Explosion	Coalhurst, Alberta
16	1928	SS Manasoo	Shipwreck	Sank near Griffith Island (Georgian Bay), Ontario	Out of the 21 people on board the Manasoo only 5 survived while the other 16 died^[49]
16	1990	1990 Faucett Perú Boeing 727 disappearance	Plane disappearance	Southeast of Cape Race, Newfoundland
15	1898	Cornwall railway bridge collapse	Bridge collapse	Cornwall, Ontario
15	1956	Orleans air disaster	Plane crash	Orleans, Ontario
15	1956	Canadian Pacific Airlines Flight 307	Plane crash	Cold Bay, Alaska
15	1944	1944 Montreal RAF Liberator VI crash	Plane Crash	Griffintown, Montreal	5 crew member fatalities, 10 ground fatalities
15 (Canadian fatalities only)	2004	2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami	Earthquake and tsunami	Thailand, India, Sri Lanka	Seven Canadians died in Thailand, and one each in India and Sri Lanka
15	1934	1934 Dundas Station train collision	Train wreck	Hamilton, Ontario	Two passenger trains collide
15	1974	1974 Les Éboulements bus accident	Bus crash	Les Éboulements, Quebec
15	1989	École Polytechnique massacre	Mass shooting	Montreal, Quebec
15	1943	Bristol City (1919)	Shipwreck	Newfoundland
15	1967	Balmer Mine Disaster	Explosion	Crowsnest Pass	An explosion in the Balmer north mine killed 15 miners.^[50]
15	1947	Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 3	Plane Crash	Mount Elsay, Vancouver, British Columbia
14	1985	Barrie tornado outbreak	Tornado outbreak	Barrie, Ontario
14	1957	1957 Pacific Western Airlines DC-3 crash	Plane crash	Port Hardy, British Columbia
14	1954	Yamachiche bus collision	Traffic Collision	Yamachiche, Quebec	^[51]
13	1904	Sand Point train collision	Train wreck	Sand Point, Ontario
13	1916	Second Quebec Bridge collapse	Bridge collapse	Quebec City, Quebec
13	1975	Gargantua bar attack	Arson, Shooting	Montreal, Quebec	Richard Blass fatally shot 13 people in a bar in a shooting and arson-attack
13	1885	Vale Colliery explosion	Explosion	near Stellarton	^[52]
13	1981	MS Arctic Explorer	Shipwreck	Sank off St. Anthony, Newfoundland and Labrador
13	1989	1989 Cormier-Village hayride accident	Hayride accident	Cormier-Village, New Brunswick
13	1942	1942 Mount Cheam plane crash	Plane crash	Mount Cheam, British Columbia	^[53]
12	1954	Lake of Two Mountains boating accident	Boat accident	L'Île-Bizard, Quebec	Twelve NCC (Negro Community Centre) children drown.
12	1970	M.F.V. Enterprise and MV Patrick Morris	Shipwrecks	off Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia	The MV Patrick Morris was responding to the mayday call of the M.F.V. Enterprise when it sank as well.
12	2000	Pine Lake tornado	Tornado	Pine Lake, Alberta	A tornado hit an RV park in rural Alberta
12	2011	First Air Flight 6560	Plane crash	Resolute Bay, Nunavut
12	1958	Alexis Creek mission hospital fire	Fire	Alexis Creek, British Columbia
12	1979	No. 26 Colliery explosion	Explosion	Glace Bay	Mining explosion ^[54]
12	1943	1943 Aldershot train accident	Train collision	Aldershot, Ontario	a passenger train collided with a bus, splitting it in two
12	1877	Oil Cabinet Novelty Works Company fire	Fire	Montreal, Quebec	List of disasters in Canada
12	1903	1903 Hamilton Powder Company explosion	Explosion	Departure Bay, British Columbia	^[55] ^[56]
12	1922	HMS Raleigh (1919)	Shipwreck	Ran aground off Labrador
12	2022	2022 Saskatchewan stabbings	Stabbing	Weldon, Saskatchewan
12	1977	1977 northern thunderbird air flight crash	Plane crash	Near Northwest Regional Airport Terrace-Kitimat, British Columbia	^[57]
12	1941	1941 Armstrong plane crash	Plane Crash	Near Armstrong Airport Armstrong, Ontario	^[58]
11	2018	2018 Toronto van attack	Terrorism, Vehicle-ramming attack	North York, Toronto	Alek Minassian drove his Chevrolet Express into people killing 11 and injuring 15
11	2012	Collision between a van and an eighteen-wheeler	Traffic collision	between Stratford and Perth, Ontario	Ten of the killed were Peruvian migrant workers*
11	1889	St. George bridge derailment	Train wreck	St. George, Ontario
11	1908	1908 Medicine Hat train collision	Train wreck	Dunmore, Alberta	Collision between a locomotive and a passenger train
11	1998	Propair Flight 420	Plane crash	Montréal–Mirabel International Airport, Mirabel, Quebec
11	1919	Lac la Biche fire	Forest fire	Alberta and Saskatchewan
11	1946	Barry Hotel Fire	Fire	Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
11	1950	Vancouver Island Lockheed P2V-3W Neptune crash	Plane crash	McCreight Mountain, Vancouver Island, British Columbia
11	1922	Great Fire of 1922	Wildfire	Timiskaming District, Ontario
11	1925	Izumo launch collision	Shipwreck	Vancouver, British Columbia	Crew were returning to the ship on a launch after a brief excursion when the launch was struck by the tugboat Nanoose. Only 5 of the crew on board survived.^[59]
11	1899	Caledonia mine explosion	Explosion	Glace Bay, Nova Scotia	^[60]
11	1979	1979 Saint-Rosalie bus crash	Bus crash	Saint-Rosalie, Quebec	A bus crashed into an overpass near Saint-Rosalie killing 11 people and injuring 20 others^[61]
11	1978	1978 Airwest Airlines crash	Plane Crash	Coal Harbour, Vancouver, British Columbia	^[62]
11	1942	Excalibur	Plane Crash	Botwood, Newfoundland	^[63] ^[64]
10	1960	Metropolitan Store explosion	Explosion	Windsor, Ontario	^[65]
10	1989	Rupert Hotel fire	Fire	Toronto, Ontario	^[66]
10	1985	1985 CFB Namao mid-air collision	Mid-air collision	CFB Namao, Edmonton, Alberta
10	1950	Leduc Hotel explosion	Explosion	Leduc, Alberta	^[67]
10	1930	McGillivray Mine explosion	Explosion	Coleman
10	1976	1976 Austin Airways DHC-3 crash	Plane crash	Fraserdale, Ontario
10	2004	2004 Georgian Express crash	Plane crash	Pelee, Ontario
10	1923	M.V. Orient	Shipwreck	Strait of Georgia, British Columbia	Split in two by the freighter Admiral Nulton leaving three survivors.
10	1899	Thistle	Shipwreck	Johnstone Strait, British Columbia
10	2010	Glengarry Hospital Norovirus outbreak	Outbreak	Victoria, British Columbia
10	1996	Saguenay flood	Flood	Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Quebec
10	1908	Port Hood explosion	Explosion	Port Hood, Nova Scotia	^[68]
10	1996	Vernon massacre	Mass shooting	Vernon, British Columbia
10	1977	1977 Lantzville bus crash	Traffic Collision	Lantzville, British Columbia	^[69]
10	1975	1975 GO train bus collision	Bus collision	Toronto, Ontario	A bus and a GO train collided killing 10 people and injuring 20 others^[70]
10	1919	Port Colborne explosion	Explosion	Port Colborne Ontario
10	1944	1944 Moose Hall fire	Arson	Hamilton, Ontario	On May 24, 1944, an arsonist set fire to the Moose Hall in Hamilton killing 10 people and injuring 47 others.^[71]

See also

• Index of Canada-related articles
• List of Deadliest Canadian Traffic Accidents (by death toll)
• List of disasters in Antarctica by death toll
• List of disasters in Australia by death toll
• List of disasters in Canada (by date)
• List of disasters in Croatia by death toll
• List of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland by death toll
• List of disasters in New Zealand by death toll
• List of disasters in Poland by death toll
• List of disasters in the United States by death toll
• Volcanism of Canada

External links

• Canadian Disasters: an historical survey by Robert L. Jones
• SOS! Canadian Disasters, a virtual museum exhibition at Library and Archives Canada
• Maritime Museum of the Atlantic: Marine Heritage Database

Notes and References

1. Web site: The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492-1996. www.nhc.noaa.gov.
2. http://www.ammsa.com/publications/ravens-eye/prepare-next-tsunami-says-chief "Prepare for next tsunami, says chief"
3. http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/2012/11/06/haida-gwaii-quake-brings-home-importance-quileute-relocation-legislation-144214 "Haida Gwaii Quake Brings Home the Importance of Quileute Relocation Legislation"
4. D. Higgins, Michael. The Cascadia megathrust earthquake of 1700 may have rejuvenated an isolated basalt volcano in western Canada: Age and petrographic evidence. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. 2008. 179. 1–2 . 149. 0377-0273. 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.10.016.
5. Web site: 2021-07-16. Number of deaths recorded during B.C.'s heat wave up to 808, coroners say. 2021-07-22. CTV British Columbia. en.
6. Web site: Potestio. Michael. 2021-07-21. Estimate on number of suspected heat-related deaths rises to 808. 2021-07-22. Toronto Star. en.
7. News: Johnson. Lisa. 2021-07-06. Alberta saw spike in reported deaths during heatwave, causes still under investigation. en-CA. Edmonton Journal. 2021-07-07.
8. Letter from Captain William Nichols dated December 16, 1758 says 360 passengers aboard the Duke William: London Magazine XXVII, p. 655.
9. Letter from Captain William Nichols dated December 16, 1758 says 300 passengers aboard the Violet: London Magazine XXVII, p. 655.
10. Web site: 1885-11-08 . THE GALE OFF LABRADOR; FURTHER DETAILS OF ITS DESTRUCTIVE WORK.SUFFERINGS OF THE SHIPWRECKED CREWS--OVER 75 LIVES LOST AND 80 VESSELSWRECKED--HEROIC DEEDS. . New York Times .
11. Web site: Coastal Flooding. https://web.archive.org/web/20070629142043/http://www.heritage.nf.ca/environment/tablemap4.html. dead. June 29, 2007. www.heritage.nf.ca.
12. Web site: Ranter . Harro . ASN Aircraft accident McDonnell Douglas DC-8-63CF N950JW Gander Airport, NL (YQX) . 2022-04-23 . aviation-safety.net.
13. Web site: Marine Disasters. www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca.
14. Web site: Account Suspended. https://web.archive.org/web/20080517051203/http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/Wrecks/anglosaxon.htm. dead. May 17, 2008. www.theshipslist.com.
15. http://www.heritagefdn.on.ca/userfiles/page_attachments/Library/1/3259506_Great_Fire_of_1916_ENG.pdf Heritage Foundation of Canada
16. http://museum.gov.ns.ca/mma/wrecks/wrecks/shipwrecks.asp?ID=2197 On the Rocks: Shipwrecks of Nova Scotia - Maritime Museum of the Atlantic, Halifax, Nova Scotia
17. Lockerby . Earle . Spring 1998 . The Deportation of the Acadians from Ile St.-Jean, 1758 . Acadiensis . XXVII . 2 . 45–94.
18. Web site: "THE "VICTORIA" BOAT DISASTER 1881" - London - Ontario Provincial Plaques on Waymarking.com . www.waymarking.com.
19. Web site: Allan Mine Explosion, Stellarton, 1918. May 28, 2019. Museum of Industry.
20. News: Hauen . Jack . 5 July 2018 . Highlighting differences with Quebec, Ontario coroner announces investigations of three heat-related deaths. . 2 July 2018.
21. Web site: Dominion No. 12 Colliery Explosion, New Waterford, 1917. May 27, 2019. Museum of Industry.
22. Web site: Desjardins Canal Disaster. HPL.
23. Web site: 10 of Canada's worst train accidents - Macleans.ca. 9 July 2013 .
24. Web site: Despatch - Mighty Seas. https://web.archive.org/web/20120204074306/http://www.mightyseas.co.uk/marhist/whitehaven/despatch.htm. dead. February 4, 2012. www.mightyseas.co.uk.
25. News: 50 people now dead due to sweltering Quebec heat wave. Global News. 2018-07-06. en.
26. Web site: February 14, 1918 . Montreal's Grey Nuns rife with history and tragedy . August 8, 2024 . The Superstitious Times . en.
27. Web site: The Type IXC U-boat U-174 - German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net .
28. Web site: The Type IXC U-boat U-520 - German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net .
29. https://www.theshipslist.com/ships/Wrecks/hannah1849.shtml
30. Web site: Foord Pit Explosion, 1880. May 28, 2019. Museum of Industry.
31. The Marine List . Lloyd's List . 4987 . 11 July 1815.
32. Web site: Canadian Disaster Database. Public Safety Canada. Government of Canada. December 21, 2018. cdd.publicsafety.gc.ca.
33. Web site: The Extension Explosion. Ladysmith & District Historical Society.
34. Web site: From the archives: Calamity struck Herald, left more than 30 dead | Montreal Gazette.
35. News: Markan . Zak . Neglect, corruption and the history behind Halifax's deadliest fire . 2 May 2024 . . 3 January 2017.
36. Web site: CBC News Indepth: Forces of nature - Flooding.
37. Web site: CYMBELINE EXPLOSION 1932. Montreal. Gazette. Process Safety Integrity.
38. 25 die in nursing home . 10249353 . 1981 . Demers . D. P. . Fire Journal (Boston, Mass.) . 75 . 1 . 30–35 .
39. News: Alamenciak. Tim. Toronto sees spike in legionnaires' disease cases. 18 January 2017. Toronto Star. July 24, 2013.
40. Web site: People's Daily Online -- Legionnaires' disease claims another life in Toronto. english.people.com.cn.
41. Web site: Crash of a Convair RB-36H-25-CF Peacemaker on Random Island: 23 Killed . Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archive . en.
42. News: Canada's worst bus crash. April 7, 2018. Montreal Gazette. April 17, 2009.
43. Web site: Remembering the deadly Saint John jail fire 40 years later. June 21, 2017. Atlantic.
44. Web site: Princess Pit, Runaway Rake, Sydney Mines, 1938. May 27, 2019. Museum of Industry.
45. https://www.nytimes.com/1918/03/17/archives/twenty-die-in-camp-fire-woman-and-six-children-among-victims-in.html
46. Web site: McGregor Mine Explosion, Stellarton, 1952. June 4, 2019. Museum of Industry.
47. Web site: Pruden . Jana . Survivors recall 'The Tragedy' . www.edmontonjournal.com . https://web.archive.org/web/20101228193700/http://www.edmontonjournal.com/news/Survivors+recall+Tragedy/3861561/story.html . 27 January 2023. 2010-12-28 .
48. [1946 Windsor–Tecumseh, Ontario tornado]
49. Web site: 'Cursed Ship' S.S. Manasoo Discovered Intact | National Underwater and Marine Agency. numa.net.
50. Web site: April 3, 1967 . 50 years ago today, 15 men died in a B.C. coal mine explosion . April 3, 2017 . CBC News . en.
51. Web site: Horreur à Yamachiche. January 29, 2012. Voyage à travers le Québec.
52. Web site: Nova Scotia Archives - Men in the Mines. Nova Scotia. Archives. April 20, 2020. Nova Scotia Archives.
53. Web site: December 20, 1942 . CFIT Accident Lockheed 14-H2 Super Electra Sunday 20 December 1942 . Aviation Safety Network . en.
54. Web site: No. 26 Colliery Explosion, Glace Bay, 1979. May 27, 2019. Museum of Industry.
55. Web site: Canadian Disaster Database. Public Safety Canada. Government of Canada. December 21, 2018. cdd.publicsafety.gc.ca.
56. Web site: The Herald Democrat January 15, 1903 — Colorado Historic Newspapers Collection. www.coloradohistoricnewspapers.org.
57. Web site: January 14, 1977 . ASN Aircraft accident de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter 300 C-GNTB Terrace Airport, BC (YXT) . May 13, 2019 . Aviation Safety Network . en.
58. Web site: February 6, 1941 . Accident Lockheed 14-H2 Super Electra CF-TCP, Thursday 6 February 1941 . Aviation Safety Network . en.
59. Book: Rogers . Fred . More Shipwrecks of British Columbia . 1992 . . 978-1-55054-020-8 . 4 May 2024.
60. Web site: Caledonia Mine Explosion, Glace Bay, 1899. May 27, 2019. Museum of Industry.
61. Web site: Canadian Disaster Database. Public Safety Canada. Government of Canada. December 21, 2018. cdd.publicsafety.gc.ca.
62. Web site: September 2, 1978 . Accident de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter . Aviation Safety Network . en.
63. Web site: October 3, 1942 . The search for Excalibur, the doomed flying boat . September 11, 2008 . The Globe And Mail . en.
64. Web site: October 3, 1942 . Loss of control Accident Vought-Sikorsky VS-44 NC41880 Saturday 3 October 1942 . Aviation Safety Network . en.
65. Web site: Windsor Fire and Rescue Services History. https://web.archive.org/web/20120302032723/http://www.windsorfire.com/ecom.asp?pg=history&specific=17. dead. March 2, 2012.
66. Web site: The horror of the Rupert Hotel fire still lingers. Spacing.ca. December 24, 2014. 24 December 2014 .
67. Web site: 1950 - 10 DIE AS BLAST, FIRE RIP AT HOTEL. . Greener Pasture . 4 May 2024.
68. Web site: Port Hood Mine Explosion, Port Hood, 1908. May 27, 2019. Museum of Industry.
69. Web site: Canadian Disaster Database. Public Safety Canada. Government of Canada. December 21, 2018. cdd.publicsafety.gc.ca.
70. Web site: Canadian Disaster Database. Public Safety Canada. Government of Canada. December 21, 2018. cdd.publicsafety.gc.ca.
71. Web site: May 24, 1944 . Canadian Disaster Database Incident . September 12, 2013 . Public Safety Canada . en.