This is a list of the power supply systems that are, or have been, used for railway electrification.
Note that the voltages are nominal and vary depending on load and distance from the substation.
many trams and trains use on-board solid-state electronics to convert these supplies to run three-phase AC traction motors.
Tram electrification systems are listed here.
|
See also: List of tram systems by gauge and electrification. Voltages are defined by two standards: BS EN 50163 and IEC 60850.
| Country | Location | Name of system | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Many tram systems | This voltage is mostly used by older tram systems worldwide but by a few modern ones as well. See List of tram systems by gauge and electrification. | ||
| Germany | Trossingen | ||
| Hungary | Budapest | Budapest Metro | Line M1 |
| Japan | Chōshi, Chiba | ||
| Kyoto, Kyoto | |||
| Kanagawa | |||
| Matsuyama, Ehime | |||
| Shizuoka, Shizuoka | |||
| Romania | Sibiu county | Sibiu-Răşinari Narrow Gauge Railway | Part of the former Sibiu tram line |
| Spain | Madrid | Madrid Metro | Lines 1, 4, 5, 6 and 9. In process to be converted to 1500 V |
| United Kingdom | Crich, England | National Tramway Museum | |
| United States | Boston | MBTA subway | Green and Mattapan Lines, the at-grade section of Blue Line northeast of Airport station |
| Cleveland | RTA Rapid Transit | Red Line | |
| San Diego | San Diego Trolley | ||
| Iowa | Iowa Traction Railway | ||
| Country | Location | Name of system | Note | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Belgium National Railways (SNCB) | National standard. 25 kV AC used on high speed lines and some lines in the south (see below). | ||
| Brazil | Rio de Janeiro | |||
| São Paulo | ||||
| Chile | ||||
| Czech Republic | Správa železnic | Northern part of network only (approx. the Děčín – Praha – Ostrava route). The system change stations are Kadaň-Prunéřov, Beroun, Benešov u Prahy, Kutná Hora hl.n., Svitavy, Nezamyslice, Nedakonice. The southern part uses 25 kV 50 Hz (see below). The 3 kV system is to be phased out in favour of 25 kV AC.[5] | ||
| Estonia | Tallinn | Elron | Commuter rail only | |
| Georgia | Georgian Railways | In fact 3,300 V | ||
| Italy | Rete Ferroviaria Italiana | 25 kV AC used on new high speed lines (see below) | ||
| North Korea | Korean State Railway | National standard | ||
| Latvia | Latvian Railways | Commuter rail only. | ||
| Morocco | ONCF | National standard | ||
| Netherlands | ProRail | Planned | ||
| Poland | Polish State Railways | National standard. Planned high speed lines in Poland will use 25 kV AC[6] | ||
| Warsaw and suburbs | Warszawska Kolej Dojazdowa | 600 V DC until 27 May 2016 | ||
| Russia | Russian Railways | New electrification use only 25 kV AC (see below), except Moscow Central Circle and other interconnection lines in Moscow, and 2 interconnection lines (Veymarn line and Kamennogorsk line) in St. Petersburg. Sverdlovsk railway and West Siberian railway to be converted to 25 kV AC. | ||
| Slovakia | Slovak Republic Railways (ŽSR) | Northern main line (connected to Czech Republic and Poland) and eastern lines (around Košice and Prešov), conversion to 25 kV AC planned, and the broad gauge line between Košice and the Ukraine border (it will remain 3 kV until new broad gauge line construction, then convert to 25 kV AC), planned new broad gauge line is supposed to use 25 kV AC. Currently, the part north and east of the station Púchov uses 3 kV DC, the rest uses 25 kV 50 Hz (see below). | ||
| Slovenia | Slovenian Railways | National standard | ||
| South Africa | Transnet Freight Rail | National standard; also 25 kV AC (see below) and 50 kV AC used | ||
| Spain | Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias | 25 kV AC used on high speed lines (AVE) (see below) | ||
| Ukraine | Ukrainian Railways | In east (Donetsk industrial zone), in west (west from L'viv – connecting to Slovakia and Poland), to be converted to 25 kV AC[7] (see below) | ||
See main article: article and 15 kV AC railway electrification.
| Country | Location | Name of system | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | ÖBB | National standard. Planned new high speed lines will near the border use 25 kV AC: Innsbruck-Italy and broad gauge to Ukraine. Austrian national railways also operating small country Liechtenstein where is alson used 15 kV AC. | |
| Czech Republic | Znojmo - Retz | Správa železnic | Isolated section near border with Austria |
| Germany | Deutsche Bahn - German National Railways (DB) | National standard | |
| Norway | Norwegian National Rail Administration | ||
| Sweden | Swedish Transport Administration | ||
| Switzerland | Canton of Bern | ||
| Central Switzerland and Bernese Highlands | |||
| Canton of Vaud | |||
| Canton of Zürich | |||
See main article: article and 25 kV AC railway electrification.
| Country | Location | Name of system | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina | Buenos Aires | Roca Line | Constitución – Ezeiza Constitución – Alejandro Korn Constitución – Bosques Constitución – La Plata | |
| Australia | Brisbane, North Coast line, Blackwater and Goonyella coal railways | |||
| Perth | ||||
| Adelaide | Adelaide Metro | Seaford/Flinders and Gawler lines electrified | ||
| Sydney | Sydney Metro | Completely new lines (Western Sydney Airport and Sydney Metro West) converted lines use 1500V DC[8] | ||
| National standard | ||||
| Belgium | Belgium National Railways (NMBS/SNCB) | High-speed lines and some other lines. The rest of the network is 3 kV DC (see above) | ||
| Proposed line to Namibia | ||||
| Bulgaria | ||||
| China | China Railway | National standard | ||
| Beijing | Beijing Subway | Daxing Airport Line only | ||
| Chengdu | Chengdu Metro | Lines 17, 18 and 19 only | ||
| Wenzhou | ||||
| Croatia | Croatian Railways | Lines Zagreb-Rijeka and Rijeka-Šapjane formerly used 3kv DC traction | ||
| Czech Republic | Správa železnic | Southern lines only (linking Karlovy Vary – Cheb – Plzeň – České Budějovice – Tábor – Jihlava – Brno – Břeclav – Slovakia), northern lines use 3 kV DC (see above) | ||
| Banedanmark | National standard, excluding Copenhagen S-train | |||
| Djibouti | Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway | |||
| Ethiopia | Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway | |||
| Finland | National standard | |||
| France | North and new lines | SNCF | A number of lines also electrified with 1.5 kV (see above) | |
| Germany | Harz | |||
| Greece | Hellenic Railways Organisation | National standard | ||
| Hong Kong | Kowloon, New Territories | East Rail and Tuen Ma lines | ||
| Hungary | ||||
| India | Indian Railways | Entire IR network uses the current system since 2016. | ||
| Mumbai | Mumbai Suburban Railway | Conversion from 1.5 kV DC to the current system was completed in 2012 (for Western line[9]) and 2016 (for Central line[10] [11] [12]) respectively | ||
| Planned | ||||
| Israel | Israel Railways | Construction contract awarded in December 2015.[13] Initial test runs began December 2017. | ||
| Italy | Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (Italian Railways Network) | New high-speed lines only, other lines use 3 kV DC (see above) | ||
| Japan | Kantō (northeast of Tokyo), Tōhoku, and Hokkaido regions | JR East Tohoku Shinkansen, Joetsu Shinkansen, and Hokuriku Shinkansen (sections between Tokyo – Karuizawa, and between Jōetsumyōkō – Itoigawa) JR Hokkaido Hokkaido Shinkansen | 25 kV AC 60 Hz in some areas (see below). | |
| Laos | ||||
| Latvia | Latvian Railways | Eastern lines only (planned) | ||
| Lithuania | Kena — Kaunas and Lentvaris — Trakai | Lithuanian Railways (LG) | Electrification of Naujoji Vilnia – Kena —Gudogai (BCh) route for Vilnius – Minsk (Belarus) services is established on 2017. Further Kaunas – Klaipeda and Kaunas – Kybartai corridors electrification will follow projects. | |
| Luxembourg | Chemins de fer luxembourgeois (CFL) | National standard | ||
| Malaysia | Padang Besar – KL Sentral – Gemas | KTM ETS (run through West Coast railway line), Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad | Under construction: Hat Yai (in Thailand) – Padang Besar (to be opened by 2020) and Gemas – Johor Bahru (to be opened by 2022) | |
| Bukit Mertajam – Padang Regas and Butterworth – Padang Besar | ||||
| Batu Caves – Pulau Sebang/Tampin, Tanjung Malim – Port Klang and KL Sentral – Terminal Skypark | ||||
| KL Sentral – KLIA2 | Express Rail Link (KLIA Ekspres and KLIA Transit) | |||
| Montenegro | Belgrade–Bar railway and Nikšić–Podgorica railway | |||
| Morocco | Kenitra–Tangier high-speed rail line | ONCF | Casablanca–Kenitra section of high-speed rail remains at 3 kV DC[14] | |
| Proposed line to Botswana | ||||
| Netherlands | HSL-Zuid high speed line and Betuweroute freight line | 1.5 kV DC used on the rest of the network (see above) | ||
| New Zealand | Auckland | Auckland suburban | 77 km between Swanson and Papakura; first service 28 April 2014 | |
| Central North Island | North Island Main Trunk | 411 km between Palmerston North and Hamilton | ||
| North Macedonia | ||||
| Poland | Hrubieszów | Broad Gauge Metallurgy Line (LHS) | A section from the border to Hrubieszów will be electrified in conjunction with the electrification of the connecting border – Izov – Kovel line in Ukraine.[15] The reminder sections will follow. | |
| Portugal | Portuguese Railways (CP) | Except the Linha de Cascais (1500 V DC) | ||
| Romania | Caile Ferate Romane | |||
| Russia | Russian Railways | National standard used for new electrification; some areas still use 3 kV DC (see above) | ||
| Saudi Arabia | Haramain High-Speed Railway | Saudi Railways Organization | Renfe and Adif will operate the trains and manage the line until 2030 | |
| Serbia | Serbian Railways | |||
| Slovakia | Slovak Republic Railways (ŽSR) | South-western lines only (around Bratislava, Kuty, Trencin, Trnava, Nove Zamky, Zvolen) and the rest of the network (except narrow gauge lines), currently DC, to follow (see above) | ||
| South Africa | Transnet Freight Rail, Gautrain | Also 3 kV DC (see above) and used. | ||
| Spain | ADIF Alta Velocidad | High-speed lines only, other lines use 3 kV DC (see above) | ||
| Sweden | Öresund Line | On the Öresund Bridge and short part of land. | ||
| Haparanda Line | Only at the station near the border to Finland | |||
| Turkey | Turkish State Railways (TCDD) | National standard | ||
| Thailand | Bangkok | |||
| [16] | ||||
| Turkey | Turkish State Railways (TCDD) | National standard | ||
| United Kingdom | Network Rail | Except Southern region and Merseyrail and Northern Ireland | ||
| Ukraine | Ukrainian Railways | National standard, in most of the west; also 3 kV DC in the east (see above) | ||
| Zimbabwe | Gweru – Harare | National Railways of Zimbabwe (NRZ) | De-energised in 2008. May be renewed in the future.[17] | |
See main article: article and 25 kV AC railway electrification.
| Country | Location | Name of system | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | Kantō (west of Tokyo), Chūbu, Kansai, Chūgoku, and Kyushu regions | Tōkaidō-Sanyō Shinkansen Hokuriku Shinkansen (sections between Karuizawa – Jōetsumyōkō, and between Itoigawa – Kanazawa) Kyushu Shinkansen Nishi Kyushu Shinkansen | 25 kV AC 50 Hz in eastern Japan (see above) |
| South Korea | Korail | All Korail freight/passenger lines except Seoul subway Line 3 which is 1.5 kV DC (see above) | |
| Seoul | |||
| Incheon, Seoul | |||
| Mexico | Greater Mexico City | Ferrocarril Suburbano de la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México | [18] |
| Mexico Valley, Toluca Valley | El Insurgente | First section operating on 2023. Rest expected mid of 2024 | |
| Yucatán Peninsula | Tren Maya | Under construction. About 40% of the route to be electrified [19] | |
| Republic of China (Taiwan) | Taiwan Railways Administration | National standard | |
| Western Taiwan | |||
| United States | New Jersey | Morris & Essex Lines, New Jersey Transit | Converted from to in 1984. |
| Aberdeen-Matawan to Long Branch, New Jersey | North Jersey Coast Line, New Jersey Transit | Converted in 1978 from Pennsylvania Railroad system to the on the Rahway-Matawan ROW and electrification extended to Long Branch in 1988. The Matawan-Long Branch voltage converted from system to the in 2002. | |
| New Haven to Boston | Northeast Corridor (NEC), Amtrak | Electrified in 2000; see Amtrak's 60 Hz traction power system | |
| Denver | Denver RTD | Opened in 2016; separate 750 V DC system for light rail | |
| Los Angeles to Las Vegas | Brightline West | Began construction in 2024, expected to be operational by 2027-28. First train to connect Las Vegas and Southern California since the Desert Wind ceased operations back in 1997. Will be the first dedicated high-speed rail route in the United States, though connection from Rancho Cucamonga to Los Angeles is not yet finalized for planning. Either would run on a new dedicated track or an electrified and upgraded portion of the route of the Metrolink San Bernardino Line. If connects to the Palmdale Transportation Center in Palmdale, it would also connect to the Metrolink Antelope Valley Line along with the California High-Speed Rail. Would connect most other rail services at Union Station in Los Angeles. | |
| San Francisco to Anaheim | California High-Speed Rail | Began construction in 2015, set to begin operation between Merced and Bakersfield in 2029-30, with the remainder of the route set to begin operation in 2033. Mostly running on dedicated tracks for most of its route, except for portions of its route in the San Francisco Bay Area and the Greater Los Angeles Area. Will also run alongside other commuter rails, including the electrified Caltrain. However, no plans for another connecting commuter rail, Metrolink to be electrified, so will still use diesel locomotives, all the lines would connect at Union Station in Los Angeles, and some routes at other high-speed rail stations that share Metrolink service. Same would go for the connecting Amtrak routes such as the Pacific Surfliner, Coast Starlight, San Joaquins, Capitol Corridor, and the Southwest Chief. Will eventually construct Phase 2 to connect Sacramento and San Diego. | |
| San Francisco Peninsula | Caltrain | Completed in 2024; see Caltrain Modernization Program | |
| New Mexico | |||
| Texas | Texas Utilities, Monticello & Martin Lake | see E25B and Internet reference[20] | |
| Nationwide | Union Pacific Railroad, CSX Transportation | Los Angeles - San Luis Obispo - Salinas - San Jose - Oakland - Sacramento - Reno - Ogden - Cheyenne - Omaha - Clinton - Chicago - Barr - Toledo - Youngstown - Cumberland - Washington DC - Florence - Jacksonville - Orlando - Tampa | |
All systems are third rail unless stated otherwise. Used by some older metros.
| Country | Location | Name of system | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Argentina | Buenos Aires | Urquiza Line | Federico Lacroze-General Lemos |
| Canada | Toronto | Toronto subway | Only on subway lines |
| Greece | Athens | EIS/ISAP | used between 1904 and 1985 |
| Italy | Turin | ||
| Japan | Tokyo | ||
| Nagoya, Aichi | |||
| Sweden | Stockholm | Stockholm Metro | 650 V, Green and Red Lines |
| United Kingdom | Glasgow | ||
| United States | Anaheim, California | Disneyland Monorail | |
| Boston | Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority | Red and Orange Lines, the subway part of the Blue Line southwest of Airport station | |
| Chicago | Chicago "L" | elevated and subway lines | |
| Staten Island | |||
| New York City metro area | |||
| Philadelphia | Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority | Broad Street Line | |
| Bay Lake, Florida | |||
| California | Sacramento Northern Railway | Used 1906–. The Northern subdivision was built by the Northern Electric Railway and operated with overhead wires in towns. |
Conductor rail systems have been separated into tables based on whether they are top, side or bottom contact. Used by most metros outside Asia and the former Eastern bloc.
| Country | Location | Name of system | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Algeria | ||||
| Austria | ||||
| Brazil | São Paulo Metro | Except Lines 4 and 5 | ||
| China | Beijing Subway | Capital Airport Line only | ||
| Kunming Metro | Except Line 4 | |||
| Tianjin Metro | Lines 2 and 3 only | |||
| Wuhan Metro | Lines 1, 2, 3 and 4 only | |||
| Czech Republic | ||||
| Denmark | ||||
| Egypt | Cairo Metro | Line 2 and Line 3 | ||
| Finland | ||||
| Germany | Berlin U-Bahn and Berlin S-Bahn | Lines from U5 to U9 (large profile). Negative polarity. | ||
| India | ||||
| South Korea | ||||
| Malaysia | Klang Valley | Klang Valley Integrated Transit System LRT Ampang and Sri Petaling lines, MRT Kajang and Putrajaya lines, and KL Monorail | to be used on LRT Shah Alam Line | |
| Netherlands | Amsterdam Metro | including line 51 north of Station Zuid | ||
| Rotterdam Metro | North of Capelsebrug station overhead wires | |||
| Norway | ||||
| Poland | ||||
| Romania | ||||
| Singapore | Singapore | Mass Rapid Transit | North–South, East–West, Circle and Thomson-East Coast lines operated by SMRT Trains Downtown line operated by SBS Transit | |
| Republic of China (Taiwan) | ||||
| Taoyuan–Taipei | ||||
| Turkey | ||||
| Istanbul Metro | Lines M2 and M6 only | |||
| United Kingdom | ||||
| United States |
| Country | Location | Name of system | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Canada | Vancouver SkyTrain | Canada Line only | |
| China | Beijing Subway | Capital Airport Line use bottom contact | |
| Tianjin Metro | Line 1 only | ||
| France | Paris Métro (Conventional metro) | ||
| Germany | Berlin U-Bahn | Lines from U1 to U4 (small profile) | |
| Greece | Athens Metro | Line 1 was 600 V before 1985. | |
| Hungary | Budapest Metro | Except line M1, which is 600 V DC with overhead lines. | |
| India | |||
| Japan | Osaka Metro | Except the Sakaisuji Line, Nagahori Tsurumi-ryokuchi Line, and the Imazatosuji Line, which are 1,500 V DC with overhead lines. | |
| Suita, Osaka Toyonaka, Osaka | |||
| Higashiosaka, Osaka Ikoma, Nara Nara, Nara | |||
| Yokohama, Kanagawa | Yokohama Municipal Subway | Blue Line (Line 1 and Line 3) only | |
| North Korea | Pyongyang | Pyongyang Metro | based on fleet of cars from Beijing and Germany |
| South Korea | |||
| Portugal | |||
| Sweden | Stockholm Metro | Nominal voltage 650 V, subway 3 (blue line) 750 V. Subway 1 and 2 will change in the long term to 750 V. | |
| United Kingdom | |||
| Northern City Line | access to City (Moorgate) | ||
| London | Suburban electrification of the LNWR Suburban Network | formerly four-rail out of Euston and Broad Street, curtailed, upgraded and standardised | |
| Southern England | Southern Region of British Railways and successors | 660 V system upgraded and expanded | |
| London | Waterloo and City line | Upgraded by Railtrack to 750V prior to sale to London Underground | |
| United States | |||
| Los Angeles Metro Rail | B and D Lines | ||
| New York City and Long Island East River Tunnels shared with Amtrak | Long Island Rail Road | Central, Greenport, and Oyster Bay branches not electrified; Montauk Branch not electrified east of Babylon; Port Jefferson Branch not electrified east of Huntington | |
| within the Hudson and East River Tunnels as well as under Manhattan Northeast Corridor | |||
| within the Hudson Tunnel into Manhattan |
All systems are third rail and side contact unless stated otherwise.
| Country | Location | Name of system | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | Hamburg | Hamburg S-Bahn | with overhead line in part of network. | |
| United Kingdom | Manchester | Bury Line | Dismantled 1991, converted to Manchester Metrolink tramway (750 V DC overhead) | |
| United States | California | Central California Traction Company | 1908–1946, bottom contact |
All systems are third rail unless stated otherwise.
| Type | Country | Location | Name of system | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bottom contact | France | Paris | Paris Métro Line 18 | Currently under construction |
| Toulouse | Currently under construction | |||
| Side contact | Chambéry – Modane | Culoz–Modane railway | used between 1925 and 1976, today overhead wire | |
| Bottom contact | China | Beijing Subway | Line 7 only | |
| Guangzhou Metro | Lines 4, 5, 6, 14 and 21 only. Overhead wires in depots; all trains are equipped with pantographs | |||
| Kunming Metro | Line 4 only | |||
| Qingdao Metro | ||||
| Shanghai Metro | Lines 16 and 17 only. Overhead wires in depot of Line 16, all trains on Line 16 have pantographs for depot use. | |||
| Shenzhen Metro | Lines 3 and 6 only. Overhead wires in depot of Line 6, all trains on Line 6 have pantographs for depot use. | |||
| Wuhan Metro | Lines 7, 8, 11 and Yangluo Line only | |||
| Voltage | Country | Location | Name of system | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 120 | United Kingdom | Seaton, Devon | Seaton Tramway | Half scale trams. Operated 1969-now. Substations have battery banks for back up. | |
| 250 | United States | Chicago | Chicago Tunnel Company | operated 1906–1959 | |
| 370 | United States | Connecticut | Norwich and Westerly Railway | operated 1906–1922[21] | |
| 525 | Switzerland | Lauterbrunnen | |||
| 550 | Hong Kong | Hong Kong Island | |||
| Isle of Man | Isle of Man | Manx Electric Railway | including Snaefell Mountain Railway | ||
| India | Kolkata | Trams in Kolkata | |||
| United States | Bakersfield, California | Bakersfield and Kern Electric Railway | operated 1888–1942 | ||
| Fresno, California | Fresno Traction Company | operated 1903–1939 | |||
| Monterey, California | Monterey and Pacific Grove Railway | operated 1905–1923 | |||
| Phoenix, Arizona | Phoenix Street Railway | operated 1888–1948[22] | |||
| Reno, Nevada | Reno Traction Company | operated 1904–1927, see Streetcars in Reno | |||
| 575 | United States | Birmingham, Alabama | Birmingham Railway, Light and Power Company | ||
| 650 | United States | ||||
| Switzerland | |||||
| 660 | Poland | Metropolis GZM | |||
| 700 | Switzerland | Bex – Col de Bretaye, Vaud | |||
| 730 | United States | Pennsylvania | Philadelphia Suburban Transportation Company | purchased by Philadelphia and Western Railroad in 1953 and converted to 600 VDC[23] | |
| 800 | Poland | Tricity | Szybka Kolej Miejska (Tricity) | Operated 1951–1976. Converted to 3,000 V DC in 1976. | |
| 825 | United States | Portland, Oregon | MAX, TriMet | Light rail sections west of NE 9th Avenue & Holladay Street utilize a 750 V system | |
| 850 | Switzerland | Capolago – Monte Generoso, Ticino | |||
| 900 | Fribourg | ||||
| Vaud | |||||
| 1,000 | Italy Switzerland | St Moritz, canton of Graubünden – Tirano, Lombardy | Rhätische Bahn (RhB) | Bernina line only; remainder of system electrified at 11 kV AC, 16 2⁄3 Hz. The Bernina line is an international line linking Switzerland (St. Moritz) with Italy (Tirano) | |
| Hungary | Budapest | Budapest Commuter Rail and Rapid Transit (BHÉV) | [24] | ||
| 1,100 | Argentina | Buenos Aires | Buenos Aires Metro (Subterráneos de Buenos Aires) | Only Line A (converted to 1,500 V DC with La Brugeoise trains replaced by new rolling stock in 2013) | |
| 1,250 | Switzerland | Canton of Bern | Regionalverkehr Bern-Solothurn (RBS) | All lines except tram line 6 between Bern and Worb, which is electrified at 600 V DC | |
| 1,350 | Italy Switzerland | Domodossola, Piedmont – Locarno, canton of Ticino | Domodossola–Locarno railway line (FART /) | International railway between Italy (Domodossola) and Switzerland (Locarno) | |
| Switzerland | Lugano – Ponte Tresa, canton of Ticino | ||||
| 1,650 | Denmark | Copenhagen | Copenhagen S-train | Suburban rail network in Copenhagen | |
| Italy | Rome | Rome–Giardinetti railway | Isolated Italian metre gauge line. | ||
| 2,400 | Germany | Lausitzer | work line of the Lausitzer Braunkohle coal company | ||
| Poland | Konin | Konin Coal Mine[25] | |||
| Turek | PAK KWB ADAMÓW | mine closed in February 2021, the railway will be dismantled[26] | |||
| France | Grenoble | Chemin de fer de La Mure | −1,200 V, +1,200 V two wire system from 1903 to 1950. 2,400 V since 1950.[27] | ||
| United States | Montana | Butte, Anaconda and Pacific Railway | electrified 1913–1967, dismantled in favor of diesel power | ||
| 3,500 | United Kingdom | Manchester | Bury – Holcombe Brook | operated 1913–1918 | |
| 6,000 | experiments in the late 1970s (3,000 V DC lines) |
| Voltage | Frequency | Country | Location | Name of system | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,300 | 15 Hz | United States | Tulare County, California | Visalia Electric Railroad | 1904–1992 |
| 25 Hz | United States | Napa and Solano Counties, California | San Francisco, Napa and Calistoga Railway | 1905–1937 | |
| 5,500 | Hz | Germany | Murnau | 1905–1955, after 1955 15 kV, 16.7 Hz | |
| 6,250 | 50 Hz | United Kingdom | London, Essex, Herts | Great Eastern suburban lines | Great Eastern suburban lines from Liverpool Street London, 1950s–c1980 (converted to 25 kV) |
| United Kingdom | Glasgow | Glasgow suburban lines | Sections of the North Clyde Line and Cathcart Circle Line from 1960-1970s | ||
| 6,300 | 25 Hz | Germany | Hamburg S-Bahn | Operated with AC 1907–1955. Used both AC and DC (1,200 V 3rd rail) 1940–1955. | |
| 6,500 | 25 Hz | Austria | |||
| 6,600 | Norway | Orkdal | |||
| 6,600 | 50 Hz | Germany | Cologne Lowland | Hambachbahn and Nord-Süd-Bahn | transports lignite from open-pit mines to powerplants. Owned by RWE. |
| 6,700 | 25 Hz | United Kingdom | Morecambe branch line | Lancaster to Heysham | 1908–1951 Converted to 25 kV 50 Hz as a test bed for the future main line electrification system |
| South London line | London Victoria to London Bridge | 1909–1928 Converted to 660 V (later 750 V) DC third-rail supply | |||
| 8 kV | 25 Hz | Germany | Alb Valley Railway | 1911–1966, today using 750 V DC | |
| 10 kV | Netherlands | The Hague – Rotterdam | Hofpleinlijn | from 1908, in 1926 converted to 1,500 DC, In 2006 replaced by 750 V DC light rail | |
| 10 kV | 50 Hz | Russia | industrial railways at quarries | Russian Railways | operated from 1950s at coal and ore quarries |
| Ukraine | Ukrainian Railways | ||||
| Kazakhstan | some private industrial railways in Kazakhstan | ||||
| 11 kV | Hz | Switzerland | Rhätische Bahn (RhB) | Except the Bernina line, which is electrified at 1,000 V DC | |
| Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn (MGB) | formerly Furka Oberalp Bahn (FO) and BVZ Zermatt-Bahn | ||||
| 50 Hz | France | Saint-Gervais-les-Bains | |||
| 11 kV | 25 Hz | Pennsylvania Railroad Etc., | All lines now or See Railroad electrification in the United States | ||
| United States | Washington | Cascade Tunnel | Converted from three-phase in 1927, dismantled 1956 | ||
| United States | Colorado | Denver and Intermountain Railroad | dismantled [28] | ||
| 12 kV | Hz | France | lines in Pyrenees | Chemin de fer du Midi | most converted to 1,500 V 1922–23; Villefranche-Perpignan diesel 1971, then 1,500 V 1984 |
| 12 kV | 25 Hz | United States | Washington, DC – New York City | Northeast Corridor (NEC), Amtrak | 11 kV until 1978 |
| Harrisburg, Pennsylvania to Philadelphia | Keystone Corridor, Amtrak | 11 kV until 1978 | |||
| Philadelphia | SEPTA | Regional Rail system only; 11 kV until 1978 | |||
| 12 kV | 25 Hz | United States | Rahway to Aberdeen-Matawan, New Jersey | North Jersey Coast Line, New Jersey Transit | 1978–2002 (11 kV until 1978). Converted to |
| 12.5 kV | 60 Hz | United States | Pelham, NY-New Haven, CT | New Haven Line, Metro-North Railroad, Amtrak | 11 kV until 1985 |
| 16 kV | 50 Hz | Hungary | Budapest–Hegyeshalom railway | Budapest to Hegyeshalom | Kandó system 1931–1972, converted to |
| 20 kV | Germany | Freiburg | Höllentalbahn | Operated 1933–1960. Converted to 15 kV Hz. | |
| France | Aix-les-Bains – La Roche-sur-Foron | Société Nationale des Chemins de fer (SNCF) | Operated 1950–1953. Converted to 25 kV 50 Hz. | ||
| 20 kV | 50 Hz | Japan | most electrified JR/the third sector lines in Hokkaidō and Tōhoku | JR East, JR Hokkaidō, and others | |
| 60 Hz | most electrified JR/the third sector lines in Kyūshū and Hokuriku region | JR Kyūshū and others | |||
| 50 kV | 50 Hz | South Africa | Sishen–Saldanha railway line | opened in 1976 and hauls iron ore | |
| 60 Hz | Canada | British Columbia | Tumbler Ridge Subdivision of BC Rail (Now Canadian National Railway) | Opened in 1983 to serve a coal mine in the northern Rocky Mountains. No longer in use. | |
| United States | Black Mesa and Lake Powell Railroad | First line to use 50 kV electrification when it opened in 1973. This was an isolated coal-hauling short line; no longer in use. | |||
| 60 Hz | United States | Deseret Power Railroad | Formerly Deseret Western Railway. This is an isolated coal-hauling short line. |
See main article: article and Three-phase AC railway electrification.
| Voltage | Current | Country | Location | Name of system | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 725 | 50 Hz, 3φ | Switzerland | Zermatt – Gornergrat, canton of Valais | Gornergratbahn | ||
| 750 | 40 Hz, 3φ | Burgdorf – Thun | Burgdorf-Thun Bahn | Operated 1899–1933 converted to 15 kV Hz in 1933 | ||
| 900 | 60 Hz, 3φ | Brazil | Rio de Janeiro | |||
| 1125 | 50 Hz, 3φ | Switzerland | Interlaken | |||
| 3600 | 15 Hz, 3φ | Italy | Northern Italy | Valtellina Electrification | 1902–1917 | |
| 50 Hz, 3φ | France | Saint-Jean-de-Luz to Larrun | ||||
| 3600 | 16 Hz, 3φ | Italy Switzerland | 1906–1930 | |||
| 3600 | Hz, 3φ | operated 1912–1976 in Upper Italy (more info needed) | ||||
| Porrettana railway | FS | 1927–1935 | ||||
| 3600 | Hz, 3φ | Italy | Trento/Trient to Brenner | Brenner Railway | 1929–1965 | |
| 5200 | 25 Hz, 3φ | Spain | Gérgal – Santa Fe | C.de H. Sur de España | 1911–1966? | |
| 6600 | 25 Hz, 3φ | United States | Cascade Tunnel | Great Northern Railway (U.S.) | 1909–1929 | |
| 10 kV | 45 Hz, 3φ | Italy | Roma – Sulmona | FS | 1929–1944[29] |
| Voltage | Current | Country | Location | Name of system | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3000 V | 50 Hz | Germany | Kierberg | Zahnradbahn Tagebau Gruhlwerk | rack railway (0.7 km) operated 1927–1949 | |
| 10000 V | Berlin-Lichterfelde (de) | test track (1.8 km); variable voltage and frequency; trial runs 1898–1901 | ||||
| 14 kV (See notes) | 38 Hz – 48 Hz (See notes) | test track (23.4 km); trial runs 1901–1904 variable voltage between 10 kV and 14 kV and frequency between 38 Hz and 48 Hz. | ||||
| 50 Hz | Russia | Ship elevator of Krasnoyarsk Reservoir | length: 1.5 km, 9000 mm gauge |
Conductor rail systems have been separated into tables based on whether they are top, side or bottom contact.
| style width=5% | Voltage | style width=7% | Type | style width=12% | Country | style width=12% | Location | style width=16% | Name of system | style width=48% | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 50 | See notes | United Kingdom | Brighton | Volk's Electric Railway | Volk's Railway prior to 1884 (current fed through running rails) | ||||||
| 110 | third rail | Claims to be the world's oldest operational electric railway | |||||||||
| 160 | Volk's Railway between 1884 and 1980s | ||||||||||
| 100 | fourth rail | Beaulieu | Beaulieu Monorail (National Motor Museum – Beaulieu Palace House) | current fed by 2 contact wires | |||||||
| 180 | See notes | Germany | Siemens streetcar | Current fed through the running rails Operated 1881–1891 | |||||||
| 200 | third rail | United Kingdom | Southend | Southend Pier Railway | Until 1902[30] | ||||||
| 250 | Hythe, Hampshire | ||||||||||
| United States | Chicago Tunnel Company | Morgan Rack 1904, revenue service 1906–1908 | |||||||||
| 300 | Georgia | ||||||||||
| 400 | Germany | Berchtesgaden Salt Mine Railway | |||||||||
| 440 | United Kingdom | Post Office Railway | Disused by post office since 2003[31] Now small section near Mount Pleasant operated as tourist attraction with battery powered stock[32] 150 V was used in station areas to limit train speed | ||||||||
| 550 | Argentina | Buenos Aires Metro (Subterráneos de Buenos Aires) | Only Line B | ||||||||
| 625 | United States | ||||||||||
| 630 | Philadelphia | ||||||||||
| fourth rail | United Kingdom | London Underground | Supplied at +420 V and −210 V (630 V total). | ||||||||
| 650 | See notes | Euston to Watford DC Line | Third rail with fourth rail bonded to running rail To enable London Underground trains to operate between Queen's Park and Harrow & Wealdstone. Similar bonding arrangements are used on the North London Line between Richmond and Gunnersbury and on the District Line between Putney Bridge and Wimbledon. | ||||||||
| 660 | third rail | Southern Railway & London & South Western Railway | some areas up to 1939, original standard, mostly upgraded to 750 V (except for sections that operate with LUL stock). | ||||||||
| 700 | United States | ||||||||||
| 800 | Germany | Berlin S-Bahn | discontinued, today 750 V | ||||||||
| 825 | North Korea | Pyongyang Metro | uses old 750 V Berlin U-Bahn rolling stock | ||||||||
| 1000 | United States | Bay Area Rapid Transit | [33] |
All third rail unless otherwise stated.
| style width=5% | Voltage | style width=12% | Country | style width=12% | Location | style width=16% | Name of system | style width=48% | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 650 | Canada | Vancouver | SkyTrain | Expo Line (1985) and Millennium Line (2006). Linear induction. | |||||
| 850 | Martigny | ||||||||
| 1200 | Hamburg | Since 1940. Used both third rail DC (1200 V) and overhead line AC until 1955. Also uses German standard overhead electrification on the section between Neugraben and Stade on line S3, opened in December 2007. |
All third rail unless otherwise stated.
| Voltage | Country | Location | Name of system | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 550 | United States | California | Central California Traction Company | 1907–1908, raised to 1,200 V | |
| 700 | United States | New York | Metro-North Railroad | Hudson and Harlem Lines, southern part of New Haven Line. Original New York Central Railroad electrification scheme to Grand Central Terminal. | |
| Philadelphia | SEPTA – Market–Frankford Line | Originally 600 V, raised to 700 V | |||
| 825 | Belarus | Minsk | Minsk Metro | FSU underground system standard, 825V substation output, 750V in rail on average | |
| Bulgaria | Sofia | Sofia Metro | Lines 1 and 2 | ||
| Russia | Moscow | Moscow Metro | Nominal voltage: 825 V; allowed range: 550 V – 975 V[34] | ||
| Saint Petersburg Metro | |||||
| Kazan Metro | |||||
| Nizhny Novgorod Metro | |||||
| Novosibirsk Metro | |||||
| Samara Metro | |||||
| Yekaterinburg Metro | |||||
| Ukraine | Kyiv Metro | FSU underground systems share the same standard[35] | |||
| Dnipro Metro | |||||
| Kharkiv Metro | |||||
| 830 | Argentina | Buenos Aires | Mitre Line | Retiro – José León Suárez Retiro – Bartolomé Mitre Retiro – Tigre | |
| Once – Moreno | Sarmiento Line | ||||
| 850 | France | Villefranche | Ligne de Cerdagne | Often referred to as the "Yellow Train" | |
| Austria | Vienna | ||||
| 900 | Belgium | Brussels |
All systems are 3-phase unless otherwise noted.
| Voltage | Current | Contact | Country | Location | Name of system | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 500 | 50 Hz | top/bottom[36] | Gold Coast, Queensland | Operated 1986–2021 | ||
| Operated 1989–2017 | ||||||
| Operated 1988–2013[37] | ||||||
| 600 | 50 Hz | side | ||||
| Singapore | [38] | |||||
| Japan | ||||||
| 60 Hz | Kobe, Hyōgo | |||||
| Taoyuan | Taoyuan International Airport – Skytrain | |||||
See main article: article and Conduit current collection.
| Voltage | Type | Contact system | Name of system | Location | Country | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 750 | Guide bars | Lateral to both guide bars (one guide connected to running rail) | Paris | France | Rubber-tyred lines only | ||
| Lateral (positive) and top of running rails (negative) contact | Montreal | Canada | Rubber-tyred lines | ||||
| Mexico City | Mexico | Rubber-tyred lines | |||||
| Third and fourth rail | Lateral (positive) and top (negative) contact | Milan | Italy | Metro (only line 1) | |||
| 630 | Third and fourth rail | Top contact | London Underground | United Kingdom | Transport for London[39] |