List of crossings of the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes explained
This is a list of bridges, ferries, and other crossings of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Saint Lawrence River, and Great Lakes, by order of south shore terminal running from the Gulf of Saint Lawrence upstream to Lake Superior.
Crossings
Quebec
Lower and Middle Saint Lawrence
Island of Montreal
| Crossing | Picture | Year built | Communities linked | Carries | Name origin | Coordinates |
|---|
| Louis Hippolyte Lafontaine Bridge-Tunnel | | 1967[6] | (N) Borough of Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve |
Autoroute 25/TCH | Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine (1807–1864), Prime Minister of the United Province of Canada | 45.5833°N -73.4975°W |
| (I) Île Charron (Îles de Boucherville) (exit) |
| (S) Longueuil, borough of Vieux-Longueuil |
| Old Port of Montreal–Longueuil Ferry | | | (N) Borough of Ville-Marie (Jacques-Cartier Pier, Old Port of Montreal) | | | 45.5069°N -73.5503°W |
| (I) Saint Helen's Island (Parc Jean-Drapeau) | 45.5112°N -73.5376°W |
| (S) Longueuil, borough of Le Vieux-Longueuil (Réal-Bouvier Marina) | 45.5399°N -73.5179°W |
| Jacques Cartier Bridge | | 1930[7] | (N) Borough of Ville-Marie |
Route 134Pedestrians and bicycles | Jacques Cartier (1491–1557), French explorer | 45.5214°N -73.5411°W |
| (I) Île Sainte-Hélène (exit) and Île Notre-Dame |
| (S) Longueuil, borough of Vieux-Longueuil |
| Montreal Metro Tunnel | | 1966[8] | (N) Borough of Ville-Marie (Berri-UQAM station) | < | -- Commented out because image was deleted: --> Montreal Metro Line 4 Yellow | | 45.5°N -105°W |
|---|
| (I) Île Sainte-Hélène (Jean-Drapeau station) and Île Notre-Dame |
| (S) Longueuil, borough of Vieux-Longueuil (Longueuil–Université-de-Sherbrooke station) |
| Pont de la Concorde Bridge | | 1965[9] | (N) Borough of Ville-Marie | Pierre-Dupuy Avenue and Route Verte 1 and 2 | Reference to Montreal's motto, Concordia salus | 45.5061°N -73.5381°W (Pont de la Concorde)45.5078°N -73.5303°W (Pont des Îles) |
| (I) Île Sainte-Hélène and Île Notre-Dame (Parc Jean-Drapeau), borough of Ville-Marie, Montreal |
| Victoria Bridge | | 1898[10] | (N) Borough of Le Sud-Ouest |
Route 112Canadian National Railway (CN)
RTM Mont-Saint-Hilaire line commuter train
Via Rail and Amtrak passenger trains
| Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom (1819–1901) | 45.4914°N -73.5294°W |
| (S) Saint-Lambert |
| Samuel de Champlain Bridge | | 2019[11] | (N) Borough of Verdun |
Autoroutes 10, 15, and 20 | Samuel de Champlain (c. 1580–1635), founder of Quebec City | 45.4686°N -73.5208°W |
| (I) Île des Sœurs (exit) |
| (S) Brossard |
| Champlain Bridge Ice Structure | | 1964[12] | (I) Île des Sœurs | Route Verte 1 and 2 | 45.4658°N -73.5197°W |
| (S) St. Lawrence Seaway levee |
| Honoré Mercier Bridge | | 1934, 1963[13] | (N) Borough of LaSalle |
Route 138 | Honoré Mercier (1840–1894), Premier of Quebec | 45.4167°N -73.655°W |
| (S) Kahnawake Mohawk Reserve |
| Saint-Laurent Railway Bridge | | 1886[14] | (N) Borough of LaSalle | Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR)Réseau de transport métropolitain (RTM)Candiac line (commuter train) | Saint Lawrence River | 45.4189°N -73.6594°W |
| (S) Kahnawake Mohawk Reserve |
| Île-Dorval ferry | | | (N) Dorval | | | 45.4381°N -73.7394°W |
| (I) Dorval Island | 45.4333°N -73.7422°W |
|
Upper Saint Lawrence and Beauharnois Canal
Ontario and the United States
Upper Saint Lawrence River
| Crossing | Picture | Year built | Communities linked | Carries | Name origin | Coordinates |
|---|
| Three Nations Crossing (North Channel Bridge) | | 1962
2014 (replaced)[19] | (N) Cornwall, Ontario | Brookdale Avenue/ON 138
Access to NY 37 | Mohawks of Akwesasne | 45.0081°N -74.7394°W |
| (I) Akwesasne (Cornwall Island) |
| Three Nations Crossing (South Channel Bridge) | https://www.flickr.com/photos/bridgink/1252494224/< | -- Replace this external link with a free picture when one becomes available. --> | 1958 | 44.9897°N -74.7394°W |
|---|
| (S) Massena, New York |
| Ogdensburg-Prescott International Bridge | | 1960[20] | (N) Johnstown, Ontario | ON 416
NY 812 | Ogdensburg, New York
Prescott, Ontario | 44.7353°N -75.4597°W |
| (S) Ogdensburg, New York |
| Thousand Islands Bridge | | 1938[21] | (N) Ivy Lea, Ontario | ON 137
Interstate 81 | Thousand Islands | |
| (I) Wellesley Island |
| (S) Orleans, New York |
| Murray Isle Ferry | | | (I) Murray Isle | | | |
| (S) Mason Point, New York |
| Grindstone Island Ferry | | | (I) Grindstone Island | | | |
| (S) Clayton, New York |
| Howe Island Township Ferry | | | (N) Gananoque, Ontario | | | |
| (I) Howe Island |
| Howe Island County Ferry | | | (N) Pitt's Ferry | | | |
| (I) Howe Island |
| Carleton Island Ferry | | | (I) Carleton Island | | | |
| (S) Cape Vincent, New York |
| Kingston-Wolfe Island Ferry | | | (N) Kingston, Ontario | Frontenac County Road 95 (Ontario Side) | | 44.2319°N -76.4761°W |
| (I) Wolfe Island (Ontario) | 44.1939°N -76.4428°W |
| Horne's Ferry | | | | 44.1353°N -76.3539°W |
| (S) Cape Vincent, New York | 44.13°N -76.335°W |
|
Lake Ontario and Niagara River
| Crossing | Picture | Year built | Communities linked | Carries | Name origin | Coordinates |
|---|
| Burlington Bay James N. Allan Skyway | | | (N) Burlington, Ontario | Queen Elizabeth Way | James Noble Allan (1894–1992), Ontario Minister of Highways and Chairman of the Niagara Parks Commission. | |
| (N) Hamilton, Ontario |
| Lewiston-Queenston Bridge | | | (N) Queenston, ON | Highway 405
I-190 | Lewiston, New York
Queenston, Ontario | |
| (S) Lewiston, NY |
| Whirlpool Rapids Bridge | | | (N) Niagara Falls, Ontario | Road (for NEXUS users only) and Amtrak/Via passenger trains | Whirlpool Rapids | 43.1092°N -79.0583°W |
| (S) Niagara Falls, New York |
| Michigan Central Railway Bridge | | | (N) Niagara Falls, Ontario | Disused
(was Canadian Pacific Railway) | Michigan Central Railroad, which originally built the bridge. | |
| (S) Niagara Falls, New York |
| Rainbow Bridge | | | (N) Niagara Falls, Ontario | Access to
Highway 420
(not open to commercial trucks) | Rainbows forming over Niagara Falls, which can be seen from the bridge. | |
| (S) Niagara Falls, New York |
| North Grand Island Bridge | | | (I) Grand Island, New York | I-190 | Grand Island, New York. | |
| (S) Niagara Falls, New York |
| South Grand Island Bridge | | | (I) Grand Island, New York | |
| (S) Tonawanda, New York |
| International Railway Bridge | | | (N) Fort Erie, Ontario | Canadian National Railway | | |
| (S) Buffalo, New York |
| Peace Bridge | | | (N) Fort Erie, Ontario | Queen Elizabeth Way | 100 years of peace between the United States and Canada. | |
| (S) Buffalo, New York |
|
Lake Erie / Bass Islands
Detroit and St. Clair Rivers
| Crossing | Picture | Year built | Communities linked | Carries | Name origin | Coordinates |
|---|
| Wayne County Bridge | | 1931 (1873) | (I) Trenton, Michigan | Grosse Ile Parkway | Grosse Ile | |
| (S) Riverview, Michigan |
| Grosse Ile Toll Bridge | | 1913 | (I) Riverview, Michigan | Bridge Road | Grosse Ile | |
| (S) Riverview, Michigan |
| Gordie Howe International Bridge | | (future) | (N) Windsor, Ontario | Will connect the Rt. Hon. Herb Gray Parkway extension of Ontario Highway 401 to Interstate 75 | | |
| (S) Detroit, Michigan |
| Ambassador Bridge | | 1927 | (N) Windsor, Ontario | Ontario Highway 3
Access to Interstate 75,
Interstate 96 | | 42.3119°N -83.0742°W |
| (S) Detroit, Michigan |
| Michigan Central Railway Tunnel | | 1910 | (N) Windsor, Ontario | Canadian Pacific Railway | Michigan Central Railroad, which originally built the tunnel. | |
| (S) Detroit, Michigan |
| Detroit–Windsor Tunnel | | 1930 | (N) Windsor, ON | Access to Interstate 375,
M-3, M-10 | Detroit, Michigan
Windsor, Ontario | |
| (S) Detroit, MI |
| MacArthur Bridge | | 1923 | (I) Belle Isle, Michigan | Grand Boulevard | General Douglas MacArthur, who led American troops in the Philippines Campaign during World War II. | |
| (S) Detroit, Michigan |
| Champion Auto Ferry | | | | Connecting:
M-29
M-154 | | |
| (I) Harsens Island | |
| Algonac - Walpole Island Ferry | | | | Connections to:
M-29 | | |
| (I) Walpole Island | |
| Blue Water Ferry | | | | Connections to:
M-29
St. Clair Parkway / Lambton County Road 33 | | |
| (E) Sombra, Ontario | |
| St. Clair Tunnel | | 1891 | (E) Sarnia, Ontario | Canadian National Railway | St. Clair River | |
| (W) Port Huron, Michigan |
| Blue Water Bridge | | 1938 | (E) Sarnia, Ontario | Highway 402
Interstates 69/94 | | |
| (W) Port Huron, Michigan |
|
Straits of Mackinac and Soo Locks area
| Crossing | Picture | Year built | Communities linked | Carries | Name origin | Coordinates |
|---|
| Bois Blanc Island Ferry | | | (I) Pointe Aux Pins, Michigan | Connections with:
US 23
M-27
County Road C-66 | | |
| (S) Cheboygan, Michigan |
| Mackinaw City - Mackinac Island Ferry | | | (I) Mackinac Island | Connecting:
M-185
with:
Interstate 75
US 23
(bicycles and pedestrians only) | | |
| (S) Mackinaw City, Michigan |
| St. Ignace - Mackinac Island Ferry | | | (I) Mackinac Island | Connecting:
M-185
with:
Interstate 75
US 2
(bicycles and pedestrians only) | | |
| (W) St. Ignace, Michigan |
| Drummond Island Ferry | | | (I) Drummond Island | M-134 | | |
| (W) De Tour Village, Michigan |
| Barbeau - Neebish Island Ferry | | | (I) Neebish Island | Ferry Road | | |
| (W) Barbeau, Michigan |
| Sugar Island Ferry | | | (I) Sugar Island | Connecting:
Portage Avenue / Riverside Drive with 1 1/2 Mile Road | | |
| (W) Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan |
| Sault Ste. Marie International Bridge | | 1962 | (N) Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario | Interstate 75 | Sault Ste. Marie, twin cities in Ontario and Michigan | |
| (I) Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan |
| Mackinac Bridge | | 1957 | (I) St. Ignace, Michigan | Straits of Mackinac | |
| (S) Mackinaw City, Michigan |
|
Lake Huron / Georgian Bay, Ontario
Lake Superior
| Crossing | Picture | Year built | Communities linked | Carries | Name origin | Coordinates |
|---|
| Portage Lake Lift Bridge | | 1959 | (N) Hancock, Michigan | US 41
M-26 | Portage Lake, a segment of the Keweenaw Waterway | |
| (S) Houghton, Michigan |
| Isle Royale ferry | | | (N) Isle Royale, Michigan | | | |
| (S) Houghton, Michigan |
| Madeline Island Ferry | | | (I) La Pointe, Wisconsin | Connecting:
County Road H
WIS 13 | | |
| (S) Bayfield, Wisconsin |
| Aerial Lift Bridge | | 1905 | (N) Duluth, Minnesota | S Lake Avenue | | |
| (S) Minnesota Point, Minnesota |
| John A. Blatnik Bridge | | 1961 | (E) Superior, Wisconsin | Interstate 535
US 53 | John Blatnik (1911–1991), Congressional Representative for Minnesota's 8th congressional district, 1947–1975 | |
| (W) Duluth, Minnesota |
| Richard I. Bong Memorial Bridge | | 1985 | (E) Superior, Wisconsin | US 2 | Richard Ira Bong (1920–1945), World War II fighter pilot | |
| (W) Duluth, Minnesota |
|
Lake Michigan
| Crossing | Picture | Year built | Communities linked | Carries | Name origin | Coordinates |
|---|
| Beaver Island Ferry | | | (I) Beaver Island, Michigan | Connection to:
US 31 | | |
| (S) Charlevoix, Michigan |
| North Manitou Island Ferry | | | (E) Leland, Michigan | Connection to:
M-22 | | |
| (I) North Manitou Island, Michigan |
| South Manitou Island Ferry | | | (E) Leland, Michigan | Connection to:
M-22 | | |
| (I) South Manitou Island, Michigan |
| Washington Island Ferry | | | (I) Washington Island, Wisconsin | Connecting:
County Road W
WIS 42 | | |
| (S) Northport, Door County, Wisconsin |
| | | (E) Ludington, Michigan | US 10 | | |
| (W) Manitowoc, Wisconsin |
| Lake Express Ferry | | | (E) Muskegon, Michigan | Connections with:
Muskegon:
Estes Street to:
US 31
Interstate 96
M-46
Milwaukee:
Interstate 794
WIS 794 | | |
| (W) Milwaukee, Wisconsin |
|
See also
Notes
The year of construction of the original structure. In the case of ferries, no date is given, as the beginning of a ferry link is often not documented.
Provides only a partial crossing.
Nordik Express offers, in addition to links to Rimouski, Sept-Îles, and Havre-Saint-Pierre, a ferry link to several communities along the Basse-Côte-Nord. Its easternmost terminal is in Blanc-Sablon, Quebec.
Quebec Bridge is the lowermost fixed crossing of the whole river.
The Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine complex consists of a tunnel from Montreal to Île Charron and a bridge from Île Charron to the South Shore.[6]
Jacques-Cartier Bridge was originally named Harbour Bridge/Pont du Havre, and renamed after Jacques Cartier in 1934 (400th anniversary of Cartier's first voyage). The section over the St. Lawrence Seaway was lifted to a new height in 1962.[7]
Pont de la Concorde (Concorde Bridge) and Pont des Îles ("Bridge of the Islands") were built for Expo 67.[9] Pont de la Concorde connects Montreal Island to Saint Helen's Island, while Pont des Îles connects Saint Helen's Island to Notre-Dame Island.
Victoria Bridge was built as a one-track tubular bridge which opened in 1860, then rebuilt as a two-track truss bridge in 1898. The South Y approach was rebuilt around the Saint-Lambert locks of the St. Lawrence Seaway in 1961.[10]
At the north end of Champlain Bridge, two spans, one north-south (aut. 15 and 20) and one east-west (aut. 10) connect Île des Sœurs to I. of Montreal. These two spans, called Pont Île-des-Sœurs and Pont Clément, are part of the Champlain Bridge complex.[11]
The Champlain Bridge Ice Structure, known in French as "l'Estacade Champlain," was built to control ice floes coming from the Laprairie Basin.[12]
The section of Honoré-Mercier bridge spanning over the St. Lawrence Seaway was rebuilt to seaway standards in the 1950s. The bridge was twinned by an identical one, on the downriver side, which opened in 1963.[13]
The Edgar Hébert Boulevard crossing consists of a suspension bridge over the discharge of the Beauharnois Power Station and a tunnel under the locks of Beauharnois Canal.
The South Channel Bridge was demolished in 1958, and the North Channel Bridge in 1965.
The Burlington Bay Skyway does not cross between both sides of the St. Lawrence/Great Lakes river system, but it is a major thoroughfare crossing the western tip of Lake Ontario, which allows motorists to drive around the city of Hamilton.
External links
Notes and References
- Web site: Janberg . Nicolas . Structurae [fr] - Pont de l'Île d'Orléans ]. Structurae (fr) . 2006 . 2010-04-06. fr.
- Web site: Jansberg . Nicolas . Quebec Bridge . Structurae [en] . 2004 . 2010-04-06.
- Web site: Jansberg . Nicolas . Pierre Laporte Bridge . Structurae [en] . 2006 . 2010-04-11.
- Web site: Jansberg . Nicolas . Laviolette Bridge . Structurae [en] . 2004 . 2010-04-11.
- Web site: Toponymie Trois-Rivières. City of Trois-Rivières. 2010. 2010-04-11. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20100410052827/http://laville.v3r.net/portail/index.aspx. 2010-04-10.
- Web site: Pont-tunnel Louis-Hippolyte-La Fontaine (40 ans). Transports Québec. 2009-08-19. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20110716213707/http://www.mtq.gouv.qc.ca/portal/page/portal/regions/montreal_ile/pont_tunnel_louis_h_lafontaine40ans#documentation. French. 2011-07-16.
- Web site: The Jacques Cartier Bridge: History . Jacques Cartier and Champlain Bridges Incorporated . 2009-09-14 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090705172348/http://www.pjcci.ca/English/jacques-cartier/historique.HTM . 2009-07-05.
- Web site: Important dates in STM's history . Société de Transport de Montréal . 2009-09-14 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090621034501/http://www.stm.info/English/en-bref/a-dates.htm . 2009-06-21.
- Web site: Fiche toponymique . French . Commission de toponymie du Québec . 2007 . 2009-08-24.
- Web site: The Victoria Bridge . City of Montreal . 2003 . 2009-09-14.
- Web site: The Champlain Bridge and Bonaventure Expressway . Jacques Cartier and Champlain Bridges Incorporated . 2009-09-14 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20100729161605/http://www.pjcci.ca/English/champlain/historique.HTM . 2010-07-29.
- Web site: The Champlain Bridge Ice Control Structure . Les Ponts Jacques-Cartier et Champlain Incorporée . 2009-07-20 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110614133130/http://www.pjcci.ca/English/estacade/historique.htm . 2011-06-14.
- Web site: Les Ponts Jacques-Cartier et Champlain Incorporée. Histoire du pont Mercier. French. Les Ponts Jacques-Cartier et Champlain Incorporée. 2009-07-20. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20010525091020/http://www.pjcci.ca/Francais/honore-mercier/construction.htm. 2001-05-25.
- Book: Johansen
, Bruce Elliott
. The encyclopedia of Native American economic history . . 1999 . Westport, CT . 166 . 978-0-313-30623-5.
- Web site: Fiche toponymique . French . Commission de toponymie du Québec . 2009 . 2010-04-14.
- Web site: Fiche toponymique . French . Commission de toponymie du Québec . 2009 . 2010-04-14.
- Web site: Fiche toponymique . French . Commission de toponymie du Québec . 2009 . 2010-04-14.
- Web site: Fiche toponymique . French . Commission de toponymie du Québec . 2009 . 2010-04-14.
- Web site: New Bridge in Cornwall - News - Cornwall Seaway News . 2015-06-03 . dead . https://archive.today/20140319065711/http://www.cornwallseawaynews.com/News/2010-08-10/article-1664400/New-Bridge-in-Cornwall/1 . 2014-03-19 .
- Web site: Ogdensburg Prescott International Bridge . Nicolas Janberg's Structurae . 2009-08-05.
- Web site: Thousand Islands Bridge . Digital archives . Canadian Broadcasting Corporation . 1938-08-18 . 2010-04-13.
