List of criminal cases in the Marshall Court explained

The Marshall Court (1801 - 1835) heard forty-one criminal cases. The Court heard two writs of error from the United States Circuit Court of the District of Columbia under § 8 of the second Judiciary Act of 1801, six original habeas petitions under § 14 of the Judiciary Act of 1789, thirty-one certificates of division under § 6 of the Judiciary Act of 1802, and two writs of error from the state courts under § 25 of the Judiciary Act of 1789.

The criminal jurisdiction of the Marshall Court was greatly limited by the Court's disclaiming of appellate jurisdiction from the United States circuit courts by means of a writ of error in United States v. More (1805), as well as the Court's disclaiming the authority to issue writs of habeas corpus to prisoners detained pursuant to a post-conviction criminal sentence in Ex parte Kearney (1822) and Ex parte Watkins (1830). Certificates of division could only be issued in criminal cases heard by a two-judge panel consisting of a United States district court judge and a Supreme Court justice riding circuit (the district judge or the circuit rider could also hear cases alone). Further, certificates could not be issued with regard to the legal sufficiency of the evidence - whether on a motion for a new trial, as held in United States v. Daniel (1821), or a motion for a directed verdict, as held in United States v. Bailey (1835).

scope=col width="17%"Casescope=col width="14%"Citationscope=col width="2%"Yearscope=col width="23%"Crime(s)scope=col width="4%"Authorscope=col width="4%"Dissent(s)scope=col width="12%"Source of jurisdictionscope=col width="14%"Lower courtscope=col width="5%"Circuit riderscope=col class="unsortable" width="5.%"Notes
United States v. Simms1803Faro gambling (Virginia law)MarshallWrit of errorC.C.D.C.
United States v. More1805Common law exaction of an illegal fee colour of his office (Virginia law)MarshallWrit of errorC.C.D.C.[1] [2]
Ex parte Burford1806MarshallOriginal habeasC.C.D.C. (habeas); Alexandria County justices of the peace (warrant)
Ex parte Bollman1807Treason[3] and the Neutrality Act of 1794[4] MarshallJohnsonOriginal habeasC.C.D.C.[5] [6]
United States v. Cantril1807Counterfeiting[7] MarshallCertificate of divisionJohnson[8]
United States v. Hudson1812Common law libelJohnsonCertificate of divisionLivingston[9]
United States v. Tyler1812Embargo[10] LivingstonCertificate of divisionLivingston
United States v. Barber1815Embargo[11] Certificate of divisionLivingston[12]
United States v. Coolidge1816Common law piracyJohnsonCertificate of division[13] Story
United States v. Sheldon1817EmbargoWashingtonCertificate of divisionLivingston
United States v. Bevans1818Piracy[14] MarshallCertificate of division[15] Story[16]
United States v. Palmer1818PiracyMarshallJohnsonCertificate of divisionStory[17]
United States v. Klintock1820PiracyMarshallCertificate of divisionMarshall
United States v. Smith1820PiracyStoryLivingstonCertificate of divisionMarshall
United States v. Furlong1820PiracyJohnsonCertificate of divisionJohnson[18]
United States v. Holmes1820PiracyWashingtonCertificate of divisionStory[19]
United States v. Wiltberger1820Piracy[20] MarshallCertificate of division[21] Washington[22]
Cohens v. Virginia1821Lottery (Virginia law)MarshallWrit of errorQuarterly Session Court for the Borough of Norfolk, Virginia[23]
United States v. Daniel1821Piracy[24] MarshallCertificate of divisionC.C.D.S.C.Johnson[25]
Ex parte Kearney1822Contempt of courtStoryOriginal habeasC.C.D.C.
United States v. Perez1824Piracy[26] StoryCertificate of divisionC.C.S.D.N.Y.[27] Thompson[28]
United States v. Amedy1826Maritime insurance fraud[29] StoryCertificate of divisionMarshall[30]
United States v. Kelly1826PiracyWashingtonCertificate of division[31] Washington
United States v. Ortega1826Assault on ambassador[32] WashingtonCertificate of division[33] Washington[34]
United States v. Gooding1827Slave trading[35] StoryCertificate of divisionDuvall[36]
United States v. Marchant1827PiracyStoryCertificate of division[37] Story
Ex parte Watkins1830Common law fraud (Maryland law)MarshallOriginal habeasC.C.D.C.
United States v. Paul1832Assimilative burglary (New York law)[38] MarshallCertificate of divisionC.C.S.D.N.Y.Thompson
United States v. Reyburn1832Neutrality Act of 1818[39] ThompsonCertificate of divisionDuvall
United States v. Quincy1832Neutrality Act of 1818ThompsonCertificate of divisionDuvall
Worcester v. Georgia1832Unlicensed presence in Cherokee country (Georgia law)MarshallBaldwinWrit of errorSuperior Court for the County of Gwinnett, Georgia[40]
United States v. Phillips1832Interference with diplomatic immunity[41] Certificate of divisionBaldwin[42]
United States v. Turner1833Counterfeiting[43] StoryCertificate of divisionC.C.D.N.C.Marshall
United States v. Wilson1833Mail robbery[44] MarshallCertificate of division[45] Baldwin
United States v. Brewster1833CounterfeitingCertificate of divisionBaldwin
United States v. Mills1833Mail robbery[46] ThompsonCertificate of divisionC.C.D.N.C.Marshall
Ex parte Watkins1833Common law fraud (Maryland law)StoryJohnson
McLean
Original habeasC.C.D.C.[47]
United States v. Randenbush1834Counterfeiting[48] MarshallCertificate of divisionBaldwin
United States v. Bailey1835False statements[49] StoryMcLeanCertificate of divisionMcLean
United States v. Bailey1835False statementsMarshallCertificate of divisionMcLean
Ex parte Milburn1835Faro gambling (Maryland law)StoryOriginal habeasC.C.D.C.[50]

References

Notes and References

  1. The decision of the D.C. circuit court is reported at United States v. More, 7 U.S. (3 Cranch) 159, 160 n.* (1805).
  2. James M. O'Fallon, The Case of Benjamin More: A Lost Episode in the Struggle over Repeal of the 1801 Judiciary Act, 11 43 (1993).
  3. [Crimes Act of 1790]
  4. [Neutrality Act of 1794]
  5. United States v. Bollman, 24 F. Cas. 1189 (C.C.D.C. 1807) (No. 14,622).
  6. Eric M. Freedman, Milestones in Habeas Corpus: Part I: Just Because John Marshall Said It, Doesn't Make It So: Ex Parte Bollman and the Illusory Prohibition on the Federal Writ of Habeas Corpus for State Prisoners in the Judiciary Act of 1789, 51 531 (2000).
  7. Act of June 27, 1798, 1 Stat. 573.
  8. , 1985, at 32 - 33; Keith E. Whittington, Judicial Review of Congress Before the Civil War, 97 1257, 1289 - 91 (2009).
  9. Gary D. Rowe, The Sound of Silence: United States v. Hudson & Goodwin, the Jeffersonian Ascendancy, and the Abolition of Federal Common Law Crimes, 101 919 (1992).
  10. Act of Jan. 9, 1809, 2 Stat. 506.
  11. Act of July 6, 1812, § 2, 2 Stat. 778, 779 - 80.
  12. , 1985, at 116.
  13. United States v. Coolidge, 25 F. Cas. 619 (C.C.D. Mass. 1813) (No. 14,857).
  14. [Crimes Act of 1790]
  15. United States v. Bevans, 24 F. Cas. 1138 (C.C.D. Mass. 1816) (No. 14,589).
  16. , 1985, at 40 - 41.
  17. G. Edward White, The Marshall Court and International Law: The Piracy Cases, 83 727 (1989).
  18. , 1985, at 141 - 42.
  19. , 1985, at 134.
  20. [Crimes Act of 1790]
  21. United States v. Wiltberger, 28 F. Cas. 727 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1819) (No. 16,738).
  22. , 1985, at 41.
  23. Mark A. Graber, The Passive-Aggressive Virtues: Cohens v. Virginia and the Problematic Establishment of Judicial Power, 12 67 (1995).
  24. Crimes Act of 1790, § 5, 1 Stat. 112, 113.
  25. , 1985, at 143.
  26. [Act to Protect the Commerce of the United States and Punish the Crime of Piracy|Act of Mar. 3, 1819]
  27. United States v. Perez, 27 F. Cas. 504 (C.C.S.D.N.Y. 1823) (No. 16,033).
  28. (New York: J.W. Bell ed., 1823).
  29. Act of Mar. 26, 1804, § 2, 2 Stat. 290, 290.
  30. , 1985, at 42 - 43.
  31. United States v. Kelly, 26 F. Cas. 700 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1825) (No. 15,516).
  32. [Crimes Act of 1790]
  33. United States v. Ortega, 27 F. Cas. 359 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1825) (No. 15,971).
  34. , 1985, at 46.
  35. [Slave Trade Act of 1818]
  36. , 1985, at 198.
  37. United States v. White, 28 F. Cas. 580 (C.C.D. Mass. 1826) (No. 16,682).
  38. [Crimes Act of 1825]
  39. [Neutrality Act of 1818]
  40. Edwin A. Miles, After John Marshall's Decision: Worcester v. Georgia and the Nullification Crisis, 39 519 (1973).
  41. [Crimes Act of 1790]
  42. Privileges of Foreign Agents,, May 18, 1830, reprinted in,, May 29, 1830.
  43. Act of Apr. 10, 1816, § 18, 3 Stat. 266, 275.
  44. Act of Mar. 3, 1825, § 22, 4 Stat. 108, 121.
  45. United States v. Wilson, 28 F. Cas. 699 (C.C.E.D. Pa. 1830) (No. 16,730).
  46. Act of Mar. 3, 1824, § 24, 4 Stat. 102, 109.
  47. United States v. Watkins, 28 F. Cas. 419 (C.C.D.C. 1829) (No. 16,649); United States v. Watkins, 28 F. Cas. 490 (C.C.D.C. 1833) (No. 16,650).
  48. [Crimes Act of 1825]
  49. Act of Mar. 1, 1823, 3 Stat. 770.
  50. United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1242 (C.C.D.C. 1824) (No. 15,764); United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1242 (C.C.D.C. 1834) (No. 15,765); United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1243 (C.C.D.C. 1835) (No. 15,766); United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1252 (C.C.D.C. 1836) (No. 15,768); United States v. Milburn, 26 F. Cas. 1253 (C.C.D.C. 1838) (No. 15,767).

This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "List of criminal cases in the Marshall Court".

Except where otherwise indicated, Everything.Explained.Today is © Copyright 2009-2024, A B Cryer, All Rights Reserved. Cookie policy.