This article lists the companies worldwide engaged in the development of quantum computing, quantum communication and quantum sensing. Quantum computing and communication are two sub-fields of quantum information science, which describes and theorizes information science in terms of quantum physics. While the fundamental unit of classical information is the bit, the basic unit of quantum information is the qubit. Quantum sensing is the third main sub-field of quantum technologies and it focus consists in taking advantage of the quantum states sensitivity to the surrounding environment to perform atomic scale measurements.
| Company | Date initiated | Area | Technology | Affiliate University or Research Institute | Headquarters | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AbaQus | May 1, 2021 | Applications | Algorithms | University of British Columbia | Vancouver, Canada | |
| Accenture[1] | Computing | Dublin, Ireland | ||||
| AEGIQ[2] | 2019 | Computing/Communication | Photonics and Integrated Photonics, Quantum Dots, Cryptography, Photonic Quantum Computing | Sheffield, UK | ||
| Agnostiq | 2018 | Computing | High Performance Computing, Open Source HPC/Quantum Workflow Manager,[3] Quantum Software | University of Toronto, Rotman School of Management, Creative Destruction Lab (CDL) | Toronto, Canada | |
| Alice&Bob | 2020 | Computing | Superconducting cat qubits | Laboratoire de Physique de l’Ecole normale supérieure (LPENS), Centre Automatique et Systèmes, Mines Paris, Inria, ENS-PSL, PSL University, CNRS, Sorbonne University[4] | Paris, France | |
| Aliro Quantum | 2019 | Computing/Networking | Quantum Development Environment, Quantum Network Simulation/Emulation | Spun out of Narang Lab, Harvard | Boston, MA, US | |
| Alpine Quantum Technologies[5] | 2018 | Computing | Trapped Ion | University of Innsbruck and the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information (IQOQI) | Innsbruck, Austria | |
| Amazon[6] [7] | 2021 | Computing | Superconducting | California Institute of Technology | Pasadena, CA, USA | |
| AmberFlux | 2019 | Computing/Communications | Quantum Programming, Classical Simulation, Optimization, Algorithms, Quantum Financial Services | Hyderabad, India | ||
| Anyon Systems Inc.[8] | 2014 | Computing | Superconducting quantum processors, cryogenic systems, control electronics, software development kit | Montreal, Canada | ||
| Airbus[9] | Computing | Algorithms | Blagnac, France | |||
| Archer Materials | 2018 | Computing | Quantum Computing, Semiconductors | University of Sydney,[10] École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne | Adelaide, Australia | |
| AT&T[11] | Communication | California Institute of Technology, Fermilab[12] | Dallas, TX, USA | |||
| Atom Computing | 2018 | Computing/Hardware | Cold/Neutral Atoms, Quantum Algorithms | National Science Foundation, CUbit Quantum Initiative | Berkeley, CA, USA | |
| Aliyun (Alibaba Cloud)[13] | Computing/Communication | Superconducting | Chinese Academy of Sciences[14] [15] [16] | Hangzhou, China | ||
| Atos[17] [18] | Computing/Communication | Quantum Programming, Classical Simulation, Cryptography | Bezons, France | |||
| AUREA Technology | 2010 | Quantum Communication, Quantum Cryptography, Quantum Entanglement | Single-photon source, Photon counting, Quantum key distribution, Photonics, Single-photon avalanche diode | Besancon, France | ||
| Automatski | 1993 | Computing | Applications, Quantum Computers, Quantum Simulators, Quantum Annealers, Classical Solvers | Bengaluru, India | ||
| Baidu[19] | 2018 | Computing | Algorithms | University of Technology Sydney | Beijing, China | |
| Bleximo[20] | 2018 | Computing | Application Specific Superconducting | Berkeley, CA, USA | ||
| BOLTZ.AI[21] | 2020 | Applications | Quantum Application, Quantum Algorithms, Quantum programming, Quantum Consulting | University of Toronto | Toronto, Canada | |
| Booz Allen Hamilton[22] | Computing | Tysons Corner, VA, USA | ||||
| Boxcat Inc.[23] | 2017 | Computing | Quantum Algorithms, Quantum Rendering, Quantum Image Processing, Super-Resolution, Quantum Machine Learning | University of Toronto, UFRN[24] | Toronto, Canada | |
| BT[25] | Communication | London, UK | ||||
| Carl Zeiss AG[26] | University College London | Oberkochen, Germany | ||||
| Classiq[27] | 2019 | Computing | Quantum Algorithms Quantum Software | Technion – Israel Institute of Technology | Tel-Aviv, Israel | |
| CogniFrame Inc[28] [29] | 2019 | Computing | Quantum Algorithms Quantum and Near Quantum Solutions to solve NP Hard, Optimization, Simulation & Machine Learning problems. Has launched Plug and Play app store www.firstqstore.com | University of Toronto | Toronto, Ontario, Canada | |
| ColdQuanta/Infleqtion | 2005 | Computing, Communication, Sensing | Trapped neutral Cesium atoms. | University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of Colorado Boulder | Boulder, CO, USA | |
| ColibrITD | 2019 | Computing, Platform QaaS | Quantum Algorithms Quantum Software Quantum Platform | Paris, France | ||
| Cube Robot X | 2004 | Computing | Photonic, Trapped Ion, Quantum Algorithms, Quantum Programming, Robotics | University of applied science in Augsburg (FH) | Langweid am Lech, Bavaria Germany | |
| Cystel Limited[30] | 2023 | Quantum Communication Security, Quantum Cryptography Security | Quantum Security Policy, Quantum Transformation, Quantum key distribution Security, Quantum Cyber Risk Governance and Compliance | England, United Kingdom | ||
| D-Wave | Computing | Superconducting Quantum Annealer | Burnaby, Canada | |||
| eleQtron | 2020 | Computing | Trapped Ion | Universität Siegen | Siegen, Germany | |
| Elyah[31] | 2018 | Computing | Quantum Programming,[32] Classical Simulation, Software as a service | Tokyo, Japan | ||
| Entropica Labs[33] | [34] | url=https://www.techinasia.com/entropica-labs-seed-funding#:~:text=Entropica%20was%20founded%20by%20Tommaso,telecom%20firm%20Orange%20in%20France. | Algorithm | Quantum Algorithms, Quantum Programming, Quantum Machine Learning,[35] Quantum Software Tools, Open Source Software | Singapore | |
| Fujitsu[36] | Communication | Quantum Dots | Tokyo, Japan | |||
| Google QuAIL[37] | Computing | Superconducting | Mountain View, CA, USA | |||
| HIQUTE Diamond | 2022 | Quantum sensing platforms | NV Center for Quantum Sensing | Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux | Villetaneuse (Paris), France | |
| Hitachi | 2012 | Computing | Silicon CMOS[38] | University of Cambridge, University College London, CEA, University of Copenhagen | Hitachi Cambridge Laboratory, UK[39] and Tokyo, Japan | |
| Horizon Quantum Computing[40] | 2018 | Computing | Quantum Algorithms, Quantum Compilation, Quantum Programming, Software as a service | CQT | Singapore | |
| HP[41] [42] | Computing/Communication | Algorithms, NMR | Palo Alto, CA, USA | |||
| HQS Quantum Simulations[43] | 2017 | Computing | Quantum Algorithms, Quantum Programming, Classical Simulation | Karlsruhe, Germany | ||
| HRL Laboratories | Computing | Malibu, CA, USA | ||||
| Huawei Noah's Ark Lab[44] | Communication | Shenzhen, China | ||||
| IBM[45] | [46] | Computing | Superconducting | MIT[47] | Armonk, NY, USA | |
| ID Quantique | Communication | Geneva, Switzerland | ||||
| imec[48] | Computing | Superconducting | Belgium | |||
| Intel[49] | Computing | TU Delft | Santa Clara, CA, USA | |||
| Infineon Technologies[50] [51] | 2019 | Computing | Trapped Ion, Post-Quantum Cryptography | University of Innsbruck | Neubiberg, Germany | |
| ionQ[52] [53] | 2015 | Computing | Trapped Ion | College Park, MD, USA | ||
| 2019 | Computing | Espoo, Finland | ||||
| KEEQuant | 2020 | Quantum cryptography | Continuous Variable QKD, Key Management Systems (KMS) | Fürth, Germany | ||
| Kipu Quantum | 2022 | Computing | Munich, Germany | |||
| KPN[54] | Communication | The Hague, Netherlands | ||||
| Lockheed Martin | Computing | Quantum Annealing | University of Southern California, University College London | Bethesda, MD, USA | ||
| main incubator | 2019 | Computing | Quantum Financial Services | Frankfurt, Germany | ||
| MagiQ | 1999 | Communication | Somerville, MA, USA | |||
| Microsoft | Computing | Topological, quantum software stack, Quantum algorithms | Redmond, WA, USA | |||
| Mitsubishi[55] | Communication | Tokyo, Japan | ||||
| Nanoacademic Technologies Inc. | 2008 | Computing/Hardware designComputing/Communication | Quantum Dots | Montreal, QC, Canada | ||
| NEC Corporation[56] | [57] | Communication | Quantum Dots | University of Tokyo | Tokyo, Japan | |
| Next Generation Quantum[58] | Computing//Networking | Optical quantum interconnects for quantum computing clusters | New York, NY, USA | |||
| Nokia Bell Labs[59] [60] | Computing | University of Oxford | Murray Hill, NJ, USA | |||
| Northrop Grumman | Computing | West Falls Church, VA, USA | ||||
| NTT Laboratories[61] | Computing/Communication | Photonic Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication | Tokyo, Japan | |||
| Nu Quantum[62] [63] | 2018 | Communication | Photonic Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication[64] | University of Cambridge[65] | Cambridge, UK | |
| Oxford Quantum Circuits[66] | 2017 | Computing | Superconducting | University of Oxford | Reading, UK | |
| ParityQC | 2020 | Computing | Quantum architecture, Quantum Algorithm, Software-as-a-Service | University of Innsbruck | Innsbruck, Austria | |
| PASQAL | 2019 | Computing | Quantum AlgorithmsQuantum Hardware | Massy, France | ||
| Phasecraft[67] | 2018 | Computing | Quantum algorithms | Bristol University | Bristol, England and London, England | |
| PsiQuantum[68] | 2016 | Computing | Photonic Quantum Computing | Bristol University | Palo Alto, CA, USA | |
| Q. BPO Consulting | 2020 | Consulting & Engineering | QML Q-ANN Optimization | Paris, France | ||
| Q.ANT | 2018 | Computing | Photonic Quantum Computing Quantum Algorithms | Stuttgart, Germany | ||
| Qblox[69] | 2018 | Computing | Quantum Control and Readout[70] | Delft, Netherlands | ||
| QC Ware | 2014 | Computing | Quantum AlgorithmsQuantum Computing Software | Palo Alto, CA | ||
| Qilimanjaro Quantum Tech | 2019 | Computing | Fast-to-market app-specific quantum computers with true quantum benefits by co-designing chips & algorithms and bypassing the qubit fragility barrier | Institute For High Energy Physics (IFAE)Universitat de Barcelona (UB)Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC) | Barcelona, Spain | |
| Qkrishi [71] [72] [73] | 2021 | Computing | Quantum FinanceQuantum Algorithms | Gurgaon, India | ||
| Quantized Technologies Inc. (QTI) | 2021 | Quantum cryptography | University of Calgary | Calgary, Canada | ||
| Qulabs.ai | 2018 | Quantum communication | Quantum cryptography | Quantum key distribution | NJ, USA & Hyderabad, IND, USA | |
| Quobly | 2022 | Grenoble, France | ||||
| QpiAI | 2019 | Computing | Quantum AlgorithmsQuantum Hardware | Bangalore, IND, USA | ||
| QNu Labs | 2016 | Quantum cryptography | Quantum key distribution,Quantum Random Number Generator | IIT Madras | Bangalore, IND, USA | |
| QRCrypto SA | 2019 | Communication, applied computing | Post-quantum symmetric cryptography for use within[74] and outside of Quantum key distribution networks, including 5G, IPTV[75] and PKI.[76] | ISO/IEC 9594-11 Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Protocol specifications for secure operations, to be published Quantum-resistance testing of cryptography in laboratory environments. | EPFL, Ruhr-Universität Bochum spin-off (cryptanalyses). UAS Western Switzerland (performance tests) and several leading Spanish universities (European projects). | Fribourg, Switzerland |
| Computing, Consulting, Education | Superconducting | Kolkata, India | ||||
| Qrypt | 2018 | Quantum cryptography | Cryptography | New York, USA | ||
| Quandela | 2017 | Quantum Computing | Photonic Quantum Computing | Palaiseau, France | ||
| Quantagonia [77] | 2021 | Computing | Quantum Algorithms, Hybrid Computing,[78] Quantum Software | Frankfurt am Main, Germany | ||
| Quantinuum (merger of Honeywell Quantum Solutions and Cambridge Quantum Computing)[79] [80] [81] [82] | 2021 | Computing | Trapped Ion hardware, quantum software stack, quantum algorithms | University of Cambridge | Cambridge, UK and Broomfield CO, USA | |
| Quantum Benchmark[83] | Computing | Quantum software for co-design of error-robust applications, algorithm performance optimization, cross-platform assessment tools, error detection and suppression | Kitchener, Ontario, Canada | |||
| Computing | Quantum software for co-design of error-robust applications, algorithm performance optimization, cross-platform assessment tools, error detection and suppression | Berkeley, CA, USA | ||||
| Computing | Washington, D.C., USA | |||||
| Quantum Brilliance | 2019 | Computing | Diamond defect spin | Australian National University | Canberra, Australia | |
| Quantum Circuits, Inc.[84] | 2015 | Computing | Superconducting | Yale | Connecticut, USA | |
| Quantum Computing Inc.[85] | 2001 | Computing | Quantum computing applications[86] | Leesburg, VA, USA | ||
| Quantum Machines[87] | 2018 | Computing | Quantum control electronics and software[88] | Tel Aviv, Israel | ||
| Quantum Source Labs | 2021 | Computing | Photonics Quantum computing | Ness Ziyona, Israel | ||
| Quantum Thought[89] | 2018 | Computing | Quantum Algorithms | San Francisco | California, USA | |
| Qubrid | 2023 | Quantum Computing, Classical Computing | Hybrid Classical-Quantum Cloud Platform, Quantum Algorithms | McLean | McLean, VA | |
| QuEra Computing[90] | 2019 | Computing | Neutral Atoms | Boston | Massachusetts, USA | |
| Qunnect Inc.[91] | 2017 | Quantum Networks | Optical quantum interconnects for quantum communications and etanglement distribution | New York City | New York, USA | |
| QuSecure[92] | 2019 | Communications | Post-Quantum Cryptography | San Mateo | California, USA | |
| Raytheon/BBN[93] | Computing/Communication | Superconducting | MIT | Cambridge, MA, USA | ||
| 2013 | Computing | Superconducting | Berkeley | California, USA | ||
| 2016 | Computing | Error correction and Control systems and Algorithms | Cambridge | England, UK | ||
| SaxonQ [94] | 2021 | Quantum Computing | Nitrogen-vacancy centers | Leipzig University | Leipzig, Germany | |
| Seeqc | 2019 | Quantum Computing, Chip Manufacturing | Quantum Computing, Superconducting Electronics | Elmsford, NY, USA | ||
| Silicofeller[95] | 2021 | Computing | Superconducting | New Delhi | Delhi, India | |
| Silicon Quantum Computing | 2017 | Computing | Atom qubits in silicon | University of New South Wales | Sydney, New South Wales, Australia | |
| Tabor Quantum Solutions | 1971 | Computing, Communication, Sensing | Direct RF/uW Large Scale Control Systems | Haifa, Israel | ||
| Terra Quantum | 2019 | Computing | Quantum Computing, Quantum Metrology & Sensors, Quantum Cryptography, Quantum Random Number Generators | Rorschach, Switzerland | ||
| ThinkQuantum[96] | 2021 | Communication | Quantum Key Distribution, Quantum Random Number Generators | University of Padova | Sarcedo, Italy | |
| Toshiba[97] | Communication | Quantum Dots | University of Cambridge | Tokyo, Japan | ||
| Turkcell[98] | 1994 | Communication | Telecommunication | Istanbul, Turkey | ||
| Taqbit Labs Pvt Ltd[99] | Quantum cryptography | Quantum Communication | India | |||
| Universal Quantum | 2018 | Computing | Trapped Ion[100] | University of Sussex | Hayward's Heath, UK | |
| Zapata AI[101] | 2017 | Computing | Quantum AlgorithmsOrquestra Quantum Operating Environment[102] | University of Toronto | Boston, MA, USA | |
| Computing | Vancouver, Canada | |||||
| ColdQuanta Inc.[103] | 2007 | Computing, Quantum Machines and Devices, Quantum Research as a Service | Cold Atom[104] | University of Colorado Boulder,[105] University of Wisconsin-Madison[106] | Boulder, CO, USA | |
| Xanadu Quantum Technologies[107] [108] | 2016 | Computing/Communication | Photonic Quantum Computing | Toronto, Canada | ||
| Qubitrium[109] | 2020 | Applications | Quantum communication, Information security, Quantum imaging | Istanbul, Turkey | ||
| XeedQ | 2021 | Computing | Diamond defect spin | Leipzig, Germany | ||
| Entangled Networks | 2021 | Quantum Computing, Quantum Communication | Quantum communication algorithms, Quantum networking fabrics | Toronto, Canada | ||
| QuiX Quantum[110] | 2019 | Computing | Photonic Quantum Computing | Enschede, NL |
https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/5.0097202
Appl. Phys. Lett. 120, 264001 (2022);