This list of universities in Sweden is based on the Higher Education Ordinance of 1993 (as amended until January 2006). With few exceptions, all higher education in Sweden is publicly funded.
The Swedish higher education system differentiates between universitet and högskola (university and university college respectively). The universities are research-oriented and may award Bachelor's, Master's, and Doctor's degrees in many academic fields, whereas the högskolor usually are more focused on applied sciences, and only have limited rights granting doctor's degrees. Note, however, that some universities still call themselves högskola in Swedish, mainly older specialised institutions in engineering and medicine (for instance KTH Royal Institute of Technology is called "Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan" and Chalmers University of Technology is called "Chalmers Tekniska Högskola"). Also, both proper universities and högskolor are translated to "university" in English, where in the latter case, some argue that "university college" would be more correct.
The order of precedence is based on their year of establishment as a university. Only Uppsala University (est. 1477[1]) and Lund University (est. 1666[2]) were actually founded as universities, whereas all the other universities were raised from högskola (university college) status to the higher university status after they had been founded.
Two universities founded under Swedish rule, the University of Tartu from 1632 (now in Estonia) and the Royal Academy of Turku from 1640 (later established as University of Helsinki, now in Finland), as well as the University of Greifswald from 1456 (now in Germany but a fief held by Sweden 1631–1806, Swedish 1806–1815), are excluded from the list.
| University | Established as a university | First establishment | Student population (FTE, 2013)[3] | Research grants (2013, in billion SEK)[4] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1477 | 1477 | 18,347 | 4.112 | ||
| 1666 | 1425 | 23,539 | 4.874 | ||
| 1954 | 1891 | 21,121 | 3.446 | ||
| 1960 | 1878 | 22,434 | 2.633 | ||
| 1965 | 1810 | 5,641 | 4.805 | ||
| 1965 | 1965 | 13,389 | 2.336 | ||
| KTH Royal Institute of Technology | 1970 | 1827 | 10,544 | 2.836 | |
| 1975 | 1969 | 15,252 | 1.892 | ||
| 1977 | 1775 | 3,515 | 2.083 | ||
| 1997 | 1971 | 6,509 | 0.857 | ||
| 1999 | 1977 | 6,717 | 0.341 | ||
| 1999 | 1977 | 7,581 | 0.364 | ||
| 2005 | 1993 | 5,946 | 0.371 | ||
| 2010 | 1967 (Växjö University) / 1977 (Kalmar University) | 11,663 | 0.435 | ||
| 2018 | 1998 | 12,566 | 1.382 |
Växjö University (1967–2009) was a university that has now merged with Kalmar University (1977–2009), becoming the Linnaeus University in 2010.
A Högskola (= university college in English) is an institution of higher education, similar to a university but typically smaller and with PhD-rights in fewer areas. The right to award doctoral degrees is in Sweden given and monitored by the Swedish Higher Education Authority in the same way for universities and university colleges. The public 'högskola' are:
| Högskola | Established (as högskola) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1735 | ||
| 1771 | ||
| 1844 | ||
| 1977 | ||
| 1977 | ||
| 1977 | ||
| 1977 | ||
| 1977 | ||
| 1977 | ||
| 1983 | ||
| Blekinge Institute of Technology | 1989 | |
| 1990 | ||
| 1996 | ||
| 2008 | ||
| 2014 |
There are seven private institutions of higher education with the right to give post graduate degrees, namely Johannelund School of Theology in Uppsala, Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Stockholm School of Economics and Jönköping University Foundation, Ersta Sköndal Bräcke University College, Sophiahemmet University College and University College Stockholm (Enskilda Högskolan Stockholm).[5]
Ranking list according to the Academic Ranking of World Universities:
| University | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uppsala University | 00 | 74 | 74 | 65 | 66 | 71 | 76 | 66 | 67 | 73 | 73 | 1000000 | |
| Lund University | 00 | 92 | 92 | 90 | 97 | 97 | 101 | 104 | 109 | 114 | 112 | 1000000 | |
| University of Gothenburg | 00 | 201 | 190 | 206 | 228 | 242 | 257 | 212 | 203 | 196 | 195 | 1000000 | |
| Stockholm University | 00 | 97 | 97 | 84 | 86 | 86 | 88 | 79 | 81 | 81 | 82 | 1000000 | |
| Karolinska Institutet | 00 | 46 | 46 | 48 | 53 | 51 | 50 | 42 | 44 | 42 | 44 | 1000000 | |
| Umeå University | 00 | 248 | 252 | 253 | 256 | 256 | 252 | 249 | 247 | 274 | 289 | 1000000 |
In relation to their population size, Switzerland (first) and Sweden (second) are the two countries with the highest number of universities among the 100 best of the Academic Ranking of World Universities (2014–2015).[6]
Ranked Swedish universities on QS World University Rankings (with the highest ranked for that year marked in blue):
| Institution | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2012[7] | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2013[8] | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2014[9] | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2015[10] | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2016[11] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chalmers University of Technology (Chalmers tekniska högskola) | 223 | 202 | 175 | 132 | 139 | |||||
| University of Gothenburg (Göteborgs universitet) | 193 | 205 | 206 | 247 | 264 | |||||
| Linköping University (Linköpings universitet) | 340 | 331 | 283 | 286 | 282 | |||||
| Lund University (Lunds universitet) | 70 | 67 | 60 | 70 | 73 | |||||
| KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Kungliga Tekniska högskolan) | 142 | 118 | 110 | 92 | 97 | |||||
| Stockholm University (Stockholms universitet) | 171 | 170 | 182 | 182 | 196 | |||||
| Uppsala University (Uppsala universitet) | 81 | 79 | 81 | 102 | 98 | |||||
| Umeå University (Umeå universitet) | 297 | 289 | 267 | 319 | 294 | |||||
Ranked Swedish institutes on Times Higher Education World University Rankings (with the highest ranked for that year marked in blue):
| Institution | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2011[12] | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2012[13] | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2013[14] | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2014[15] | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2015[16] | data-sort-type="number" scope="col" | 2016[17] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chalmers University of Technology (Chalmers tekniska högskola) | — | 226-250 | 226-250 | 276-300 | 276-300 | 201-250 | ||||||
| University of Gothenburg (Göteborgs universitet) | — | 201-225 | 201-225 | 201-225 | 226-250 | 180 | ||||||
| Karolinska Institutet | 43 | 32 | 42 | 36 | 44 | 28 | ||||||
| Linköping University (Linköpings universitet) | — | 301-350 | 301-350 | 301-350 | 351-400 | 251-300 | ||||||
| Lund University (Lunds universitet) | 89 | 80 | 82 | 123 | 119 | 90 | ||||||
| Örebro University (Örebro universitet) | — | — | — | — | — | 301-350 | ||||||
| KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Kungliga Tekniska högskolan) | 193 | 187 | 140 | 117 | 126 | 155 | ||||||
| Stockholm University (Stockholms universitet) | 129 | 131 | 117 | 103 | 98 | 136 | ||||||
| Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet) | 199 | — | 276-300 | 251-275 | 251-275 | 201-250 | ||||||
| Uppsala University (Uppsala universitet) | 147 | 87 | 106 | 111 | 98 | 81 | ||||||
| Umeå University (Umeå universitet) | — | 201-225 | 251-275 | 301-350 | 351-400 | 251-300 | ||||||
| "—" signifies an unranked institute of that year. | ||||||||||||
Ranking list according to the THE–QS World University Rankings (with the highest ranked for that year marked in blue):
| Institution | data-sort-type="number" | 2004 ! | data-sort-type="number" | 2005 ! | data-sort-type="number" | 2006 ! | data-sort-type="number" | 2007 ! | data-sort-type="number" | 2008 ! | data-sort-type="number" | 2009 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chalmers University of Technology (Chalmers tekniska högskola) | 110 | 166 | 147 | 197 | 162 | 198 | ||||||
| University of Gothenburg (Göteborgs universitet) | - | 190 | - | - | 258 | 185 | ||||||
| Linköping University (Linköpings universitet) | - | - | - | 371 | - | - | ||||||
| Lund University (Lunds universitet) | 171 | 180 | 122 | 106 | 88 | 67 | ||||||
| KTH Royal Institute of Technology (Kungliga Tekniska högskolan) | 122 | 196 | 172 | 192 | 173 | 174 | ||||||
| Stockholm University (Stockholms universitet) | 139 | - | - | - | 246 | 239 | 215 | |||||
| Uppsala University (Uppsala universitet) | 140 | 180 | 111 | 71 | 63 | 75 | ||||||
| Umeå University (Umeå universitet) | - | - | - | - | - | 299 | 318 | |||||