List of colleges and universities in Minnesota explained

There are nearly 200 post-secondary institutions in the U.S. state of Minnesota.^[1] The Twin Cities campus of the public University of Minnesota is the largest university in the state with 54,890 enrolled at the start of the 2023–24 academic year, making it the ninth-largest American campus by enrollment size.^[2] The University of Minnesota system has four other campuses in Crookston, Duluth, Morris, and Rochester.^[3] The Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system comprises 37 public universities and on 54 campuses.^[4] Minnesota State University, referred to as the flagship of the Minnesota State system, is the second-largest university in the state.

The University of St. Thomas in St. Paul is Minnesota's largest private university or college^[5] with a fall 2010 enrollment of 10,815 students.^[6] Center City–based Hazelden Graduate School of Addiction Studies is the state's smallest postsecondary institution, while Century College in White Bear Lake is Minnesota's largest community and technical college.^[7]

The majority of Minnesota's post-secondary institutions are accredited by the Higher Learning Commission (HLC),^[8] but 22 have received accreditation from the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools (ACICS).^[9] Most are accredited by multiple agencies, such as the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE), the National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE), the National League for Nursing (NLNAC), and the American Psychological Association (APA).

While the University of Minnesota was chartered by the state in 1851, it did not operate as a place of higher education for nearly two decades. St. Paul–based Hamline University is considered the state's oldest private college or university, being founded in 1854 as a Methodist coeducational institution. Mayo Medical School, the University of Minnesota, and University of Minnesota Duluth feature the only medical schools in the state.^[10] Mitchell Hamline School of Law, the University of Minnesota Law School, and the University of St. Thomas School of Law are American Bar Association-accredited law schools.^[11]

Extant institutions

Institution	Location(s)	Control	Type	Enrollment^[12] (fall 2023)	Founded	Accreditation
Alexandria Technical and Community College	Alexandria	Public	Associate's college	2,865	1961^[13]	HLC
Anoka Technical College	Anoka	Public	Associate's college	1,580	1967^[14]	AOTA, NLNAC
Anoka-Ramsey Community College	Coon Rapids, Cambridge	Public	Associate's college	7,902	1965^[15]	HLC
Bemidji State University	Bemidji	Public	Master's university	4,023	1919	HLC, CCNE, NASM
Central Lakes College	Brainerd, Staples	Public	Associate's college	4,633	1938^[16]	HLC, ADA
Century College	White Bear Lake	Public	Associate's college	7,646	1967^[17]	HLC, ADA, JRCERT
Dakota County Technical College	Rosemount	Public	Associate's college	2,717	1970^[18]	HLC, ADA
Fond du Lac Tribal and Community College	Cloquet	Public	Tribal college	1,648	1987^[19]	The Higher Learning Commission, HLC
Hennepin Technical College	Brooklyn Park, Eden Prairie	Public	Associate's college	3,974	1972^[20]	HLC
Minnesota North College	Hibbing, Itasca, Eveleth, Mesabi, Vermilion, Rainy River	Public	Associate's college	3,044	1916^[21]	HLC, ADA
Inver Hills Community College	Inver Grove Heights	Public	Associate's college	3,459	1970^[22]	HLC, NLNAC
Lake Superior College	Duluth	Public	Associate's college	3,849	1995^[23]	HLC, ADA, APTA, JRCERT
Leech Lake Tribal College	Cass Lake	Public	Tribal college	172	1990^[24]	None
Metropolitan State University	St. Paul, Minneapolis	Public	Master's university	6,294	1971	HLC, CCNE
Minneapolis Community and Technical College	Minneapolis	Public	Associate's college	6,030	1996^[25]	HLC, ADA, NLNAC
Minnesota State College Southeast	Winona, Red Wing	Public	Associate's college	1,923	1949^[26]	HLC
Minnesota State Community and Technical College	Fergus Falls, Detroit Lakes, Moorhead, Wadena	Public	Associate's college	5,282	1960	HLC
Minnesota State University, Mankato	Mankato	Public	Master's university	14,590	1868	HLC, ADA, ADA, ASHA, CCNE, NASAD, NASM, NCATE, NLNAC
Minnesota State University Moorhead	Moorhead	Public	Master's university	4,682	1885	HLC, ASHA, CCNE, NASAD, NASM, NCATE
Minnesota West Community and Technical College	Granite Falls, Canby, Jackson, Pipestone, Worthington	Public	Associate's college	3,352	1967	HLC
Normandale Community College	Bloomington	Public	Associate's college	9,346	1968^[27]	HLC, ADA, ADA, NASAD, NASM, NAST, CCNE
North Hennepin Community College	Brooklyn Park	Public	Associate's college	4,896	1966	HLC, NLNAC
Northland Community & Technical College	Thief River Falls, East Grand Forks	Public	Associate's college	2,495	1949^[28]	HLC, NLNAC
Northwest Technical College	Bemidji	Public	Associate's college	721	1965^[29]	HLC, ADA
Pine Technical and Community College	Pine City	Public	Associate's college	1,873	1965	HLC
Ridgewater College	Hutchinson, Willmar	Public	Associate's college	2,904	1996^[30] ^[31]	HLC, NLNAC
Riverland Community College	Albert Lea, Austin, Owatonna	Public	Associate's college	3,175	1940^[32]	HLC, JRCERT, NLNAC
Rochester Community and Technical College	Rochester	Public	Associate's college	4,482	1915^[33]	HLC, ADA, NLNAC
St. Cloud State University	St. Cloud	Public	Master's university	10,420	1869	HLC, AAMFT, ASHA, CCNE, NASAD, NASM, NCATE
St. Cloud Technical and Community College	St. Cloud	Public	Associate's college	3,466	1948	HLC, ADA
Saint Paul College	St. Paul	Public	Associate's college	5,365	1910^[34]	HLC, NASM
South Central College	North Mankato, Faribault	Public	Associate's college	2,602	1946^[35]	HLC, ADA
Southwest Minnesota State University	Marshall	Public	Master's university	6,930	1963	HLC, NASM
University of Minnesota Crookston	Crookston	Public	Baccalaureate college	2,303	1966	HLC
University of Minnesota Duluth	Duluth	Public	Master's university	9,675	1947	HLC, ASHA, NASM, NCATE
University of Minnesota Morris	Morris	Public	Baccalaureate college	1,068	1960^[36]	HLC, NCATE
University of Minnesota Rochester	Rochester	Public	Associate's college	630	1966^[37]	AOTA
University of Minnesota, Twin Cities	Minneapolis, St. Paul	Public	Research university	54,955	1851	HLC, MEAC, ACPE, AAMFT, ABA, ABFSE, ADA, ADA, AOTA, APTA, APA, ASHA, AVMA, CAHME, CCNE, AANA, CEPH, LCME, NASD, NASM, NAST, NCATE
White Earth Tribal and Community College	Mahnomen	Public	Tribal college	102	1997^[38]	HLC
Winona State University	Winona, Rochester	Public	Master's university	6,154	1858^[39]	HLC, CCNE, NASM, NAST, NCATE
Academy College	Minneapolis	Private not-for-profit	Special-focus institution	105	1936^[40]	ACCSC
Adler Graduate School	Minnetonka	Private not-for-profit	Special-focus institution	227	1967^[41]	HLC
Augsburg University	Minneapolis	Private not-for-profit (Lutheran)	Master's university	3,088	1869^[42]	CCNE, NASM, NCATE
Bethany Global University	Bloomington	Private not-for-profit (Non-denominational Christian)	Special-focus institution	261	1948^[43]	ABHE
Bethany Lutheran College	Mankato	Private not-for-profit (Lutheran)	Baccalaureate college	830	1927^[44]	HLC
Bethel University	Arden Hills	Private not-for-profit (Baptist)	Master's university	3,546	1871^[45]	HLC, CCNE, NCATE, NLNAC
Carleton College	Northfield	Private not-for-profit	Baccalaureate college	2,059	1866^[46]	HLC
College of Saint Benedict and Saint John's University	St. Joseph, Collegeville	Private not-for-profit (Roman Catholic)	Baccalaureate college	3,115 (CSB-SJU Combined)	1857 (SJU) 1913 (CSB)^[47]	HLC, ADA, CCNE, NASM, NCATE
College of St. Scholastica	Duluth	Private not-for-profit (Roman Catholic)	Master's university	3,207	1912^[48]	AOTA, APTA, CCNE, NCATE
Concordia College	Moorhead	Private not-for-profit (Lutheran)	Baccalaureate college	1,903	1891^[49]	HLC, ADA, CCNE, NASM
Concordia University	St. Paul	Private not-for-profit (Lutheran)	Master's university	5,544	1893^[50]	HLC, NCATE
Crown College	St. Bonifacius	Private not-for-profit (Christian and Missionary Alliance)	Baccalaureate college	1,583	1916^[51]	HLC, ABHE, CCNE
Dunwoody College of Technology	Minneapolis	Private not-for-profit	Associate's college	1,359	1914^[52]	HLC
Gustavus Adolphus College	St. Peter	Private not-for-profit (Lutheran)	Baccalaureate college	2,072	1862^[53]	HLC, CCNE, NASM, NCATE
Hamline University	St. Paul	Private not-for-profit (Methodist)	Master's university	2,638	1854^[54]	HLC, ABA, NASM, NCATE
Hazelden Graduate School of Addiction Studies	Center City	Private not-for-profit	Special-focus institution	147	1999^[55]	HLC
Luther Seminary	St. Paul	Private not-for-profit (Lutheran)	Special-focus institution	410	1869^[56]	ATS, HLC
Macalester College	St. Paul	Private not-for-profit (Presbyterian)	Baccalaureate college	2,175	1874^[57]	HLC
Martin Luther College	New Ulm	Private not-for-profit (Lutheran)	Baccalaureate college	880	1995^[58]	HLC
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science	Rochester	Private not-for-profit	Special-focus institution	1,237	1915^[59]	HLC, ADA, APTA, APA, ACPE, AANA, JRCERT, LCME
Minneapolis College of Art and Design	Minneapolis	Private not-for-profit	Special-focus institution	821	1886^[60]	NASAD, HLC
Mitchell Hamline School of Law	St. Paul	Private not-for-profit	Special-focus institution	1,192	1900^[61]	ABA
North Central University	Minneapolis	Private not-for-profit (Assemblies of God)	Baccalaureate college	992	1930	HLC
Northwestern Health Sciences University	Bloomington	Private not-for-profit	Special-focus institution	1,031	1941^[62]	HLC, CMTA, CCE
Oak Hills Christian College	Bemidji	Private not-for-profit (Non-denominational Christian)	Special-focus institution	102	1946	ABHE
St. Catherine University	St. Paul, Minneapolis	Private not-for-profit (Roman Catholic)	Master's university	3,577	1905	HLC, ADA, AOTA, APTA, MACTE, NLNAC
Saint Mary's University of Minnesota	Winona, Minneapolis	Private not-for-profit (Roman Catholic)	Master's university	4,133	1912^[63]	HLC, JRCERT, NASM
St. Olaf College	Northfield	Private not-for-profit (Lutheran)	Baccalaureate college	3,046	1874	HLC, CCNE, NASD, NASM, NAST, NCATE
United Theological Seminary of the Twin Cities	St. Paul	Private not-for-profit (United Church of Christ)	Special-focus institution	224	1960^[64]	ATS, HLC
University of Northwestern – St. Paul	Roseville	Private not-for-profit (Non-denominational Christian)	Baccalaureate college	3,253	1902	HLC, NASM
University of St. Thomas	St. Paul, Minneapolis	Private not-for-profit (Roman Catholic)	Doctoral/research university	9,025	1885^[65]	HLC, ABA, APA, CAHME, ATS, NASM
Capella University	Minneapolis	Private for-profit	Doctoral/research university	39,727	1993^[66]	HLC, NCATE
Rasmussen University	Various	Private for-profit	Associate's college	3,058	1904	HLC
Walden University	Minneapolis	Private for-profit	Doctoral/research university	42,313	1970^[67]	HLC, NLNAC, CCNE

Defunct institutions

Institution	Location(s)	Control	Founded	Closed	Ref
Albert Lea College	Albert Lea	Private (Presbyterian)	1885	1973
Argosy University	Eagan	Private for-profit	2001	2019	^[68]
College of Visual Arts	St. Paul	Private (not-for-profit)	1924	2013	^[69]
Duluth Business University	Duluth	Private for-profit	1891^[70]	2018	^[71]
Fairlakes State Junior College	Fairmont	Public	1973	1975	^[72] ^[73]
Golden Valley Lutheran College	Golden Valley	Private (Lutheran)	1919	1985	^[74]
International Center for Naturobioholistic Health and Medicine	Bemidji, Minnesota	Private for-profitaccredited ACICS	1978	1984	^[75]
Lea College	Albert Lea	Private	1965	1973	^[76]
Pillsbury Baptist Bible College	Owatonna	Private (Independent Baptist)	1957	2008	^[77]
College of Saint Teresa	Winona	Private (Roman Catholic)	1907	1989	^[78]
Southern Minnesota Normal College	Austin	Public	1897	1925	^[79]
Minnesota Central University	Hastings	Public	1857	1867
University of Minnesota Waseca	Waseca	Public	1971	1992	^[80]
Brown College	Mendota Heights, Brooklyn Center	Private for-profit	1946	2015
Crossroads College	Rochester	Private (Church of Christ)	1913	2016	^[81]
Globe University and Minnesota School of Business	multiple	Private for-profit	1877	2016
McNally Smith College of Music	St. Paul	Private for-profit	1985	2017
Minneapolis Business College	Roseville	Private for-profit	1874	2019
CenterPoint Massage & Shiatsu School & Clinic	St. Louis Park	Private for-profit	2001	2021
National for-profit institution National American University operated campuses in Bloomington, Brooklyn Center, Burnsville, Rochester and Roseville that offered associate's and bachelor's degrees. National for-profit institution the University of Phoenix formerly operated a campus in St. Louis Park that offers bachelor's and master's degrees.^[82]

Out-of-state institutions

• National for-profit institution Anthem Education Group has a campus in St. Louis Park that offers associate's degrees.^{[83] [84]}
• National for-profit institution DeVry University operates a campus in Edina that offers associate's, bachelor's, and master's degrees.^[85]
• National for-profit institution Herzing University operates a campus in Crystal that offers associate's, bachelor's, and master's degrees.^[86]
• National for-profit institution ITT Technical Institute operates a campus in Eden Prairie that offers associate's and bachelor's degrees.^{[87] [88] [89]}

Key

Abbreviation	Accrediting agency
AAMFT	American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy
AANA	American Association of Nurse Anesthetists
ABA	American Bar Association
ACICS	Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools
ACME	Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education
ACPE	Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education
ADA	American Dental Association
ADA	American Dietetic Association
AOTA	American Occupational Therapy Association
APA	American Psychological Association
APTA	American Physical Therapy Association
ASHA	American Speech–Language–Hearing Association
CCNE	Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education
JRCERT	Joint Review Committee on Education Programs in Radiologic Technology
LCME	Liaison Committee on Medical Education
MSCHE	Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools
NASAD	National Association of Schools of Art and Design
NASD	National Association of Schools of Dance
NASM	National Association of Schools of Music
NAST	National Association of Schools of Theatre
HLC	Higher Learning Commission
NCATE	National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education
NLNAC	National League for Nursing

See also

• List of college athletic programs in Minnesota
• Higher education in the United States
• List of American institutions of higher education

Bibliography

• Book: Jarchow, Merrill E. . Private Liberal Arts Colleges in Minnesota: Their History and Contributions . Minnesota Historical Society . 1973 . 0-87351-081-X .
• Book: Colleges in the Midwest: Compare Colleges in Your Region, 24th edition . . . 2009 . 978-0-7689-2690-3 . .
• Book: Two-Year Colleges 2011, 41st edition . . . 2010 . 978-0-7689-2835-8 . .

External links

• Department of Education listing of accredited institutions in Minnesota

Notes and References

1. Web site: Facts About Institutions . Minnesota Office of Higher Education . October 25, 2011 . There are nearly 200 public and private institutions. The number fluctuates frequently, as there are new institutions in the for-profit sector that become licensed or do not wish to renew their license throughout the year..
2. Web site: College Navigator – University of Minnesota–Twin Cities . . October 25, 2011.
3. Web site: Our Campuses . . October 28, 2011.
4. Web site: Learn more about our colleges and universities . . October 28, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111026213642/http://www.mnscu.edu/colleges/campuses.html . October 26, 2011 .
5. Web site: Facts About Institutions . Minnesota Office of Higher Education . October 25, 2011.
6. Web site: College Navigator – University of St. Thomas . . October 25, 2011.
7. News: New Century College president was prepared for moving up . Tim . Harlow . . July 23, 2011 . October 26, 2011.
8. Web site: The Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association . . October 26, 2011.
9. Web site: ACICS Member Directory Search . . October 26, 2011.
10. Web site: Directory of Accredited Medical Education Programs . Liaison Committee on Medical Education . October 26, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110721230902/http://www.lcme.org/directry.htm#Minnesota . July 21, 2011 .
11. Web site: School(s) Location and Fees Data – LSAC. Law School Admission Council. October 26, 2011. https://archive.today/20121220230558/https://officialguide.lsac.org/Release/SchoolsABAData/SchoolsAndLocation.aspx. December 20, 2012. dead.
12. Web site: College Navigator . . October 11, 2011.
13. Web site: History . . October 11, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111025085359/http://alextech.edu/en/AboutATC/History.aspx . October 25, 2011 . dead .
14. Web site: History and Facts . . October 11, 2011 . dead . https://archive.today/20120720035633/http://www.anokatech.edu/generic/atchistoryandfastfacts/Index.html . July 20, 2012 .
15. Web site: College History . . October 11, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111214221413/http://anokaramsey.edu/en/about/Information/History.aspx . December 14, 2011 .
16. Web site: General Information . . October 12, 2011.
17. Web site: History of Century College . . December 12, 2011 . https://www.webcitation.org/63svH2sSj?url=http://century.project.mnscu.edu/index.asp?Type=B_BASIC&SEC=%7B042FE9EE-C557-4040-9C83-FCBE1C004CF3%7D . December 12, 2011 . dead .
18. Web site: Mission & Accreditation . . October 12, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20080929205532/http://www.dctc.mnscu.edu/visitors-community/mission.cfm . September 29, 2008 .
19. Web site: About Fond du Lac College >> History . . October 22, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120123071120/http://www.fdltcc.edu/aboutfonddulac/history.shtml . January 23, 2012 .
20. Web site: History 1970 . . October 22, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111103050434/http://www.hennepintech.edu/about/pages/563 . November 3, 2011 .
21. Web site: About HCC: Overview . . October 22, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20120205140103/http://www.hibbing.edu/about-hibbing-community-college/about-hibbing-community-college-overview.html . February 5, 2012 . dead .
22. Web site: Mission and History . . October 22, 2011.
23. Web site: 2003–2005 Catalog . . October 22, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111125072008/http://www.lsc.edu/catalog/catalog0305.pdf . November 25, 2011 .
24. Web site: About LLTC: History of Leech Lake Tribal College . . October 22, 2011.
25. Web site: About Us . . October 22, 2011.
26. Web site: College History . . October 22, 2011.
27. Web site: About Normandale . . October 22, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111026114926/http://www.normandale.edu/about/index.cfm . October 26, 2011 .
28. Web site: College History . . October 22, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111010093635/http://northlandcollege.edu/about/history/ . October 10, 2011 .
29. Web site: NTC's History . . October 22, 2011.
30. Web site: January 1996 Board Meeting Minutes . . October 26, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110605204611/http://www.mnscu.edu/board/minutes/1996/january.html . June 5, 2011 .
31. Web site: Institutional Change Request – Ridgewater College Overview . . October 26, 2011 .
32. Web site: Riverland Community College History, 1940 to Present . https://web.archive.org/web/20120325174259/http://www.riverland.edu/discover/History1940-Present.pdf . dead . March 25, 2012 . . October 25, 2011 .
33. Web site: Comprehensive Overview of RCTC . https://archive.today/20120805181245/http://www.rctc.edu/about/html/rctc_overview.html . dead . August 5, 2012 . . October 25, 2011 .
34. Web site: Facts & Figures 2010 – 2011 . pdf . . October 25, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120217005233/http://www.saintpaul.edu/CurrentStudents/Documents%20%20General%20Information/Facts%20and%20Figures.pdf?Title=UXVpY2sgRmFjdHMgKFBERik= . February 17, 2012 .
35. Web site: SCC at a Glance . . October 25, 2011.
36. Web site: About the University of Minnesota, Morris Symbol . . October 25, 2011.
37. Web site: Growth of UMR . . October 25, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111102044956/http://r.umn.edu/about-umr/growth/ . November 2, 2011 . dead .
38. Web site: About Us . . October 25, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20111112080145/http://www.wetcc.org/about.html . November 12, 2011 . dead .
39. Web site: About WSU . . October 25, 2011.
40. Web site: Academy College – About Us . Academy College . October 11, 2011.
41. Web site: AGS History . . October 25, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110916082935/http://www.alfredadler.edu/overview/history.htm . September 16, 2011 .
42. Web site: About Augsburg – History . . October 11, 2011.
43. Web site: Our History – Bethany Global University . Bethany Global University.
44. Web site: Our Mission . . October 12, 2011.
45. Web site: Mission & History . . October 12, 2011.
46. Web site: About Carleton . . October 12, 2011.
47. Web site: College of Saint Benedict . . October 12, 2011.
48. Web site: Fast Facts . . October 12, 2011.
49. Web site: Concordia College, Moorhead, Minn. – History and Lutheran Heritage . . October 12, 2011 . dead . https://archive.today/20120723200216/http://www.cord.edu/About/heritage1.php . July 23, 2012 .
50. Web site: History of Concordia University, St. Paul . . October 12, 2011.
51. Web site: History . . October 12, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111015094844/http://www.crown.edu/about/history.html . October 15, 2011 .
52. Web site: About Dunwoody . . October 22, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111107170226/http://www.dunwoody.edu/about/index.html . November 7, 2011 .
53. Web site: About Gustavus . . October 22, 2011.
54. Web site: Hamline History . . October 22, 2011.
55. Web site: Hazelden Graduate School of Addiction Studies College Catalog and Student Handbook . . October 25, 2011.
56. Web site: History of Luther Seminary . . October 22, 2011.
57. Web site: Macalester's History . . October 22, 2011.
58. Web site: Introduction to MLC . . October 22, 2011 .
59. Web site: Education at Mayo . . October 25, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20110225040532/http://www.mayo.edu/msgme/medical-education.html . February 25, 2011 .
60. Web site: History . . October 22, 2011.
61. Web site: Our History . . January 27, 2012 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120101220334/http://www.wmitchell.edu/about/history.html . January 1, 2012 .
62. Web site: Northwestern History . . November 27, 2011.
63. Web site: Fast Facts . . October 25, 2011.
64. Web site: Heritage . . October 25, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20111109130834/http://www.unitedseminary.edu/Aboutus/heritage.asp . November 9, 2011 .
65. Web site: University History . . October 25, 2011.
66. Web site: Capella History . . October 12, 2011 . https://web.archive.org/web/20121006040917/http://www.capella.edu/about_capella/history.aspx . October 6, 2012 . dead .
67. Web site: Our History . . October 25, 2011.
68. News: Douglas-Gabriel . Danielle . Argosy University Closes its Doors Students Scramble to Transfer . Washington Post . WP Company LLC . July 30, 2019 . March 10, 2019.
69. http://www.cva.edu/ www.cva.edu
70. Web site: Philosophy and Objectives . . October 12, 2011 .
71. News: Tim. Harlow. Duluth's oldest university closing after 126 years. August 9, 2017. The Minneapolis Startribune. July 18, 2017.
72. Web site: Higher Learning Commission. October 2, 2017.
73. Web site: The College That Never Was . . . . . . . fairmont.org/mchs . Martin County Historical Society . October 26, 2017.
74. Web site: Perpich Center tour creates reunion, sparks memories . The Minnesota Sun . Kevyn . Burger . May 25, 2011 . October 28, 2011 .
75. Web site: International Center for NaturoBioHolistic Health and Medicine . January 28, 2023.
76. Web site: Campus Life at Lea College . Ed . Shannon . Albert Lea Tribune . May 29, 2011 . October 28, 2011.
77. Web site: Pillsbury Baptist Bible College closes . . January 11, 2009 . October 28, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20090113164644/http://www.owatonna.com/news.php?viewStory=32542 . January 13, 2009 .
78. Web site: Historical Background. Alumnae Association of the College of Saint Teresa. October 28, 2011. dead. https://web.archive.org/web/20120425120030/http://www.cstalums.org/about/historical_background.php. April 25, 2012.
79. Web site: History of Austin . City of Austin, Minnesota . October 28, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20120220001151/http://www.ci.austin.mn.us/mayors/history.html . February 20, 2012 .
80. Web site: UMW/SSA Alumni Association . . October 28, 2011 . dead . https://web.archive.org/web/20070628045453/http://sroc.coafes.umn.edu/index.html . June 28, 2007 .
81. Web site: How many colleges and universities have closed since 2016?. Education Dive. en-US. May 14, 2020.
82. Web site: College Navigator – University of Phoenix–Minneapolis/St Paul Campus . . October 25, 2011.
83. Web site: College Navigator – Anthem College- Minnesota . . October 11, 2011.
84. Web site: High–Tech Institute–Minnesota . . October 22, 2011.
85. Web site: College Navigator – DeVry University – Minnesota . . October 12, 2011.
86. Web site: About Herzing . . October 22, 2011.
87. Web site: College Navigator – ITT Technical Institute–Eden Prairie . . October 22, 2011.
88. Web site: Locations . . October 22, 2011.
89. Web site: History of NAU . . October 22, 2011 . dead . https://archive.today/20120805070440/http://www.national.edu/history-nau . August 5, 2012 .