List of cities conquered by the Ottoman Empire explained

The list of major cities conquered by the Ottoman Empire is below. Since it is impossible to include all cities, only the most populous cities, capitals and the cities with strategical or historical importance are shown.

Cities

See main article: article and Ottoman Empire.

This following list, the first column shows the year of the conquest.[1] Some of the cities (like Tabriz, Yerevan or Belgrad) had been conquered more than once. In this case, only the first conquest has been shown. The second column shows the name of the city (where necessary, the Ottoman Turkish name and/or the contemporary Turkish name has also been given in parathesis), the third column shows the holder before conquest and the fourth column shows the present country. In the fifth column links to the article in this encyclopedia for the details of the conquest (where applicable).[2] [3] [4]

YearNameHolder before the ConquestPresent countryBattle/SiegeStatute
1326Prusa (Bursa) Byzantine EmpireTurkeySiege of Bursa
1331Nicaea (İznik) Byzantine EmpireTurkeySiege of Nicaea
1338Nicomedia (İzmit) Byzantine EmpireTurkey
1352Callipolis (Gelibolu) Byzantine EmpireTurkey
1356AnkaraAhis (Ankara ahileri)Turkey
1361Adrianopol (Edirne) Byzantine EmpireTurkey
1364Plovdiv (Filibe) Bulgarian EmpireBulgariaCapture of Plovdid
1364Stara Zagora (Eski Zagra) Bulgarian EmpireBulgariaCapture of Stara Zagora
1365Niš Serbian EmpireSerbia
1382Sofia Bulgarian EmpireBulgariaSiege of Sofia
1388Ruse (Rusçuk) Bulgarian EmpireBulgaria
1389Varna Bulgarian EmpireBulgaria
1393Veliko Tarnovo (Tırnova) Bulgarian EmpireBulgariaSiege of Tarnovo
1395Nikopol (Niğbolu) Bulgarian EmpireBulgaria
1395Ohrid (Ohri)Gropa LordshipNorth Macedonia
1395Krujë (Akçahisar) (First occupation)Principality of AlbaniaAlbania
1396SatiZaharia Lordship of SatiAlbaniaVassal
1396Silistra (Silistre) Bulgarian EmpireBulgaria
1396Vidin Bulgarian EmpireBulgaria
1417Vlorë (Avlonya)Principality of ValonaAlbania
1417Giurgiu (Yergöğü) Principality of WallachiaRomania
1419Constanța (Köstence) Principality of WallachiaRomania
1426Smyrna (İzmir)AydinidsTurkey
1430Thessaloniki (Selânik) Republic of VeniceGreeceSiege of Thessalonica
1431Ioannina (Yânya) Despotate of EpirusGreece
1450Berat (Arnavut Belgradı, Berat)Lordship of Berat/ League of LezhëAlbania
1453Constantinople (Konstantiniye, Istanbul) Byzantine EmpireTurkeyFall of Constantinople
1458Athens (Atina) Duchy of AthensGreece
1459Pristina (Priştine)Serbian DespotateKosovo[5]
1460Bitola (Monastir, Manastır) Bulgarian EmpireNorth Macedonia
1460Skopje (Üsküp) Bulgarian EmpireNorth Macedonia
1461Trebizond (Trabzon)Empire of TrebizondTurkeySiege of Trebizond
1461Sarajevo
(Saray-ı Bosna, Saraybosna) Founded by Ottomans
Bosnia and Herzegovina
1461Jajce
(Royal Seat of the Bosnian King)[6]
Bosnian KingdomBosnia and Herzegovina
1466Iconium (Konya)KaramanidsTurkey
1468Mostar Bosnian KingdomBosnia and Herzegovina
1470Chalcis (Euboea-Eğriboz island)Greece
1474Podgorica (Podgoriçe)Montenegro
1475Bakhchisaray (Bahçesaray)UkraineVassal
1475Feodosiya (Kefe)Ukraine
1475Sudak Republic of GenoaUkraine
1475Azov (Azak)Russia
1478Lezhë Republic of VeniceAlbaniaSiege of Shkodra
1479Shkodër (İşkodra) Republic of VeniceAlbaniaSiege of Shkodra
1480OtrantoPrincipality of TarantoItalyInvasion of OtrantoBrief acquisition
1484Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi (Akkerman) Principality of MoldaviaUkraine
1514Arz-i Rûm (Erzurum)Turkey
1514Tabriz (Tebriz)Iran
1514Ardabil (Erdebil)Iran
1515VanTurkey
1515Kara Amid (Diyâr-i Bekr, Diyarbakır)Turkey
1515Urmiah (Ürmiye)Iran
1516Antiochia (Antakya)Turkey
1516Aleppo (Halep)Syria
1516Damascus (Trablus-i Şâm, Şam)Syria
1516BeirutLebanon
1516AmmanJordan
1516Jerusalem (Kudüs)Palestine
1516Jaffa (Yafa)Palestine
1517Cairo (Kâhire)Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)Egypt
1517Damietta (Dumyat)Mamluk Sultanate (Cairo)Egypt
1517Mecca (Mekke)Saudi Arabia
1517Jeddah (Cidde)Saudi Arabia
1521Belgrade (Belgrad) Kingdom of HungarySerbia
1522Rhodes (Rodos) Knights HospitallerGreeceSiege of Rhodes
1526TvrđaCroatia
1529Algiers (Cezayir)AlgeriaCapture of Algiers
1529Odesa (Hacibey) Grand Duchy of LithuaniaUkraine
1531DiuIndiaSiege of DiuBrief acquisition
1534Tunis (Tunus)TunisiaConquest of Tunis
1534Baghdad (Bağdat)Safavid EmpireIraqCapture of Baghdad
1537Klis (Clissa, Kilis)CroatiaSiege of Klis
1538BasraIraq
1538AdenYemenCapture of Aden
1538San'aYemen
1538Tighina (Bender) Principality of MoldaviaMoldova
1538Brăila (İbrail) Principality of WallachiaRomania
1539Herceg Novi (Yeni Hersek)MontenegroSiege of Castelnuovo
1541Buda (Budin) Kingdom of HungaryHungarySiege of Buda
1543Esztergom (Estergon) Kingdom of HungaryHungarySiege of Esztergom
1547VanTurkeySiege of Van
1551MaltaInvasion of GozoBrief acquisition
1551Tripoli (Trablus-i Gârb, Trablusgarp)LibyaSiege of Tripoli
1552MuscatOman
1552TouggourtAlgeriaMarching overland to Sahara
1552Timișoara (Temeşvar) Eastern Hungarian KingdomRomaniaSiege of Temesvár (1552)
1555BéjaïaAlgeriaCapture of Bougie
1557MassawaEritrea
1566Szigetvár (Zigetvar) Kingdom of HungaryHungarySiege of Szigetvár
1567ZabidYemen
1571Ulcinj (Ulqin/Dulcigno) Republic of VeniceMontenegro
1571Nicosia (Lefkoşa)Cyprus
1578Akhaltsikhe (Ahıska)Georgia
1578YerevanArmenia
1578BenghaziLibya
1578Tbilisi (Tiflis)Georgia
1578Ganja (Gence)Azerbaijan
1578Baku (Bakü)Azerbaijan
1584LoriArmenia
1587Hamadan (Hamedan)Iran
1590DerbentRussia (Dagestan)
1594Győr (Yanık) Kingdom of HungaryHungary
1596Eger (Eğri) Kingdom of HungaryHungarySiege of Eger
1600Nagykanizsa (Kanije) Kingdom of HungaryHungarySiege of Kanije
1645Chania (Hanya)Greece
1660Oradea (Varat) Principality of TransylvaniaRomania
1663Nové Zámky (Uyvar) Kingdom of HungarySlovakiaSiege of Érsekújvár
1669Heraklion (Kandiye)GreeceSiege of Candia
1672Kamianets-Podilskyi (Kamaniçe)Ukraine
1678Chyhyryn (Çehrin)Ukraine
1683PerchtoldsdorfAustriaBattle of ViennaBrief acquisition
1713Khotyn (Hotin) Principality of MoldaviaUkraineConquest
1852DohaQatarVassal
1869ManamaBahrainVassal

See also

Notes and References

  1. Not all cities were conquered by military force. Some were included within Ottoman realm voluntarily.
  2. Faik Reşit Unat: Tarih Atlası, Kanaat yayınları, İstanbul, 1991, p.29
  3. Prof. Dr. Yaşar Yücel-Prof. Dr. Ali Sevim: Türkiye tarihi, AAKTDYK yayınları, İstanbul, 1991,
  4. Lord Kinross :Osmanlı İmparatorluğun Yükselişi ve Çöküşü (The Ottoman centuries, Trans.Meral Gaspıralı) Altın Kitaplar, İstanbul, 2008,,
  5. Disputed territory
  6. Fall of the Kingdom of Bosnia