List of chess openings named after places explained

Many of the 1,327 named chess openings and variants listed by The Oxford Companion to Chess are named for geographic places.

A

• Aachen Gambit of the Nimzowitsch Defence – 1.e4 Nc6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 Nb4
• Abbazia Defence of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 d5^[1]
• Adelaide Countergambit of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 Nc6 3.Nf3 f5
• Agincourt Defense of the English Opening – 1.c4 e6
• Amazon Attack of the Queen's Pawn Opening – 1.d4 d5 2.Qd3
• American Defence of the Dutch Defence – 1.d4 f5 2.e4 fxe4 3.Nd2
• Amsterdam Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.f4
• Amsterdam Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Be3 Bg7 7.Be2 Nc6 8.Qd2
• Arctic Defense of the Zukertort Opening - 1.Nf3 f6
• Argentine Gambit of the Baltic Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 Bf5 3.cxd5 Bxb1 4.Qa4+ c6 5.dxc6 Nxc6
• Argentine Variation of the Cambridge Springs Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.e3 c6 6.Nf3 Qa5 7.Nd2 Bb4 8.Qc2 0-0 9.Bh4
• Arkhangelsk Defence (or Archangel Defence) of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 b5 6.Bb3 Bb7
• Armenian Variation of the French Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e5 c5 5.a3 Ba5
• Australian Defense – 1.d4 Na6
• Australian Gambit of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 g5 4.Bc4 g4 5.h4
• Austrian Attack in the Pirc Defence – 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.f4
• Austrian Defence of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c5

B

• Baguio Variation of the Ruy Lopez -1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Nxe4 6.d4 b5 7.Bb3 d5 8.dxe5 Be6 9.c3 Bc5 10.Nbd2 O-O 11.Bc2 Bf5
• Balkan Gambit – 1.e4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.d3 dxe4 4.Ng5
• Baltic Defence of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 Bf5
• Baltic Defense of the Polish Opening – 1.b4 d5 2.Bb2 Bf5
• Baltic Opening (or Dunst Opening) – 1.Nc3
• Basque Gambit of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.d4 exd4 7.e5 Ne4 8.c3
• Basque Opening – 1.d4 Nf6 2.b3
• Battambang Opening – 1.Nc3 e5 2.a3
• Bavarian Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.c4 d5
• Bayreuth Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.Bxc6
• Belgrade Gambit of the Four Knights – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.d4 exd4 5.Nd5
• Benelux Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Bc5 4.c3 Nf6 5.0-0 0-0 6.d4 Bb6 (named for the Benelux countries)
• Berlin Defense of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6
• Beverwijk Variation of the Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defense – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6 4.0-0 Bc5
• Birmingham Defence (more commonly as the St. George Defence): – 1.e4 a6
• Birmingham Gambit of the Polish Opening – 1.b4 c5
• Bled Variation of the English Opening – 1.c4 c6 2.Nf3 d5 3.b3 Nf6 4.Bb2 g6
• Brazilian Defence – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Qe7
• Bremen Variation of the English Opening – 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3
• Breslau Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Nxe4 6.d4 b5 7.Bb3 d5 8.dxe5 Be6 9.c3 Be7 10.Re1 0-0 11.Nd4 Nxe5
• Brooklyn Defence of the Alekhine's Defence – 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Ng8
• Brussels Gambit of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 f5
• Budapest Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5
• Bulgarian Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a5

C

• Calabrese Countergambit of the Bishop's Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Bc4 f5
• Cambridge Gambit of the Alekhine's Defence – 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.f4 g5
• Cambridge Springs Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.Nf3 c6 6.e3 Qa5
• Canadian Opening of the Indian Game - 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nd2
• Canadian Gambit of the Indian Game - 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nd2 c5 3.e4
• Carlsbad Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 6.Ne5 Nbd7 7.Nxc4 Qc7 8.g3 e5
• Carlsbad Variation of the Sicilian Defense, Wing Gambit – 1.e4 c5 2.b4 cxb4 3.a3 bxa3
• Catalan Opening – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2
• Chelyabinsk Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e5 6.Ndb5 d6 7.Bg5 a6 8.Na3 b5
• Chicago Defence to the Smith–Morra Gambit against the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.d4 cxd4 3.c3 dxc3 4.Nxc3 e6 5.Nf3 d6 6.Bc4 a6 7.0-0 b5 8.Bb3 Nc6 9.Qe2 Be7 10.Rd1 Ra7^[2]
• Chicago Gambit (or Irish Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nxe5?
• Chinese Variation of the Pirc Defence – 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.Be2 Bg7 5.g4!?
• Chinese Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Be3 Bg7 7.f3 0-0 8.Qd2 Nc6 9.Bc4 Bd7 10.0-0-0 Rb8
• Clarendon Court Variation of the Benoni Defence – 1.d4 c5 2.d5 f5
• Cologne Gambit of the Ware Opening – 1.a4 b6 2.d4 d5 2.Nc3 Nd7
• Colorado Gambit of the Nimzowitsch Defence – 1.e4 Nc6 2.Nf3 f5
• Copenhagen Defence of the Danish Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3 dxc3 4.Bc4 cxb2 5.Bxb2 Bb4+
• Cracow Variation of the Italian Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.c3 Nf6 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4 Bb4+ 7.Kf1?!
• Czech Defence, the term used by Siegbert Tarrasch for the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6^[3]
• Czech Defence (Pribyl System) of the Pirc Defence – 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 c6
• Czech Defence of the Polish opening – 1.b4 e5 2.Bb2 d6
• Czech-Indian Variation of the Indian Game – 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 c6
• Czech Variation of the Benoni Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5
• Czech Variation of the Old Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 c6
• Czech Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 Slav Defence: Modern, Alapin Variation, Czech Variation

D

• Danish Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3
• Danube Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.bxa6 c6
• Dresden Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.c4
• Duisburg Gambit of the QGD – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.cxd5 cxd4
• Dutch Defence – 1.d4 f5
• Dutch Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 6.e3

E

• Edinburgh Variation of the Caro–Kann Defence – 1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 Qb6
• English Attack of the Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Be3 and 7.f3
• English Defence – 1.d4 e6 2.c4 b6
• English Opening – 1.c4

F

• Finnish Variation of the Caro–Kann Defence – 1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxe4 h6
• Florentine Gambit of the King's Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.f4 0-0 6.Be2 c5 7.d5 e6 8.Nf3 exd5 9.e5
• Fort Knox Variation of the French Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxe4 Bd7 5.Nf3 Bc6
• Franco-Benoni – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 c5
• Frankfurt Variation of the French Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e5 Ng8 6.Be3 b6
• French Defence – 1.e4 e6

G

• Genoa Opening (known as the Grob Attack) – 1.g4
• Gent Gambit of the Amar Opening (Paris) – 1.Nh3 d5 2.g3 e5 3.f4 Bxh3 4.Bxh3 exf4 5.0-0 fxg3 6.hxg3
• German Defence of the Polish Opening (Orangutan or Sokolsky Opening) – 1.b4 d5 2.Bb2 Qd6
• Glasgow Kiss Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.e3 Bf5 5.cxd5 cxd5 6.Qb3 Nc6
• Gothenburg Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Be7 8.Qf3 h6 9.Bh4 g5
• Granada Gambit of the Two Knights Defense, Blackburne Variation – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5. exd5 Na5 6.Bb5+ c6 7.dxc6 bxc6 8.Qf3 cxb5 9.Qxa8
• Graz Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 b5 5. Bb3 Bc5
• Graz Attack of the Nimzowitsch-Larsen Attack – 1.b3 d5 2.Ba3
• Greek Defence (or Owen's Defence) – 1.e4 b6
• Guatemala Defence of Owen's Defence – 1.e4 b6 2.d4 Ba6

H

• Hungarian Attack of the English Opening – 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Rb1
• Hungarian Defence – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Be7
• Hungarian Gambit of the Catalan Opening – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 e5
• Hungarian Opening (or Benko's Opening) – 1.g3
• Hungarian Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Qxd4
• Hastings Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Bg5 h6 5.Bxf6 Qxf6 8.Nc3 c6 7.Qb3

I

• Icelandic Gambit of the Scandinavian Defense – 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 3.c4 e6
• Indian Defences

a complex of chess openings beginning – 1.d4 Nf6, including the Nimzo-Indian Defence, Queen's Indian Defence, King's Indian Defence, Bogo-Indian Defence, Old Indian Defence, Janowski Indian Defence, etc.

• Inverted Hungarian Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Be2
• Irish Gambit (or Chicago Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nxe5
• Israeli Gambit (or Halasz Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.f4
• Italian Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d4
• Italian Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 (Bc5)

J

• Jalalabad Defence – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 c5 or 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e5

K

• Kazakh Variation of the King's Indian – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Nf3 O-O 6.Be2 Na6
• Kecskemet Variation of the Ruy Lopez –1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.O-O Be7 6.Re1 d6 7.c3 O-O 8.d4 Bd7 9.Nbd2 Be8
• Kentucky Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.Bxf7+? Kxf7 5.Nxe5+ Nxe5
• Kiel Variation of the Scandinavian Defence – 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 3.d4 Nxd5 4.c4 Nb4

L

• Latvian Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 f5
• Leipzig Gambit (or Müller-Schulze Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nxe5?!
• Lemberg Gambit (Lviv Gambit) – 1.Nf3 Nf6 2.e4 or 1.Nf3 d5 2.e4
• Lemberg Countergambit - 1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Nc3 e5
• Leningrad Variation of the Dutch Defence – 1.d4 f5 2.g3 g6
• Lisbon Gambit of the Dutch Defense – 1.d4 f5 2.g4 fxg4 3.h3
• Lisbon Gambit of the Queen's Pawn Opening, English Rat – 1.d4 d6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Nc6
• Lithuanian Variation of the Mikėnas Defence – 1.d4 Nc6 2.c4 e5 3.d5 Nce7
• Lodz Variation of the Tarrasch Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.g3
• London System, a set of related chess openings characterised by 1.d4 followed by an early Bf4, e.g. 1.d4 d5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Bf4; 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.Bf4; and 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.Bf4

M

• Macedonian Variation of the English Opening – 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4
• Maltese Falcon Attack (or Gibbins-Wiedehagen Gambit) – 1.d4 Nf6 2.g4 Nxg4 3.f3 Nf6 4.e4
• Manhattan Gambit of the Dutch Defence – 1.d4 f5 2.Qd3 Nf6 3.g4
• Manhattan Variation of the QGD (also called the Westphalia Defence) – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.Nf3 Bb4 or 5.e3 Bb4
• Mannheim Variation of the QGA – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Qa4+
• Mar del Plata Variation of the King's Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Nf3 0–0 6.Be2 e5 7.0–0 Nc6 8.d5 Ne7
• Margate Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Nc6 6.Bg5 e6 7.Bb5
• Marienbad Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Wing Gambit – 1.e4 c5 2.b4 cxb4 3.a3 d5 4.exd5 Qxd5 5.Bb2
• Massachusetts Defence of the Caro–Kann Defence – 1.e4 c6 2.d4 f5
• Mediterranean Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 Nf6
• Meran Variation of the Semi-Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 e6 5.e3 Nbd7 6.Bd3 dxc4 7.Bxc4
• Mexican Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 Nc6
• Miami Variation of the Italian Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d4 Bxd4 5.Nxd4 Nxd4 6.Be3
• Modern Archangel Defence of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 b5 6.Bb3 Bc5
• Monte Carlo Variation of the French Defense – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4.c4
• Montevideo Defence – 1.d4 Nc6 2.d5 Nb8
• Moscow Variation of the Semi-Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nf3 e6 5.Bg5 h6
• Moscow Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.Bb5+

N

• New Castle Gambit of the French Defence, Tarrasch Variation – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 e5
• New York Variation of the Benoni Defense – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nc3 exd5 5.cxd5 d6 6.e4 g6 7.Nf3 Bg7 8.h3
• Nordic Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3 (alternative name for the Danish Gambit)
• Nordwalde Variation of the King's Gambit Declined - 1.e4 e5 2.f4 Qf6
• North Sea Variation (or Norwegian Defense) of the Modern Defence – 1.e4 g6 2.d4 Nf6 3.e5 Nh5
• Norwegian Gambit of the Modern Defence – 1.e4 g6 2.d4 Nf6 3.e5 Nh5 4.Be2 d6
• Norwegian Defence of the Modern Defense – 1.e4 g6 2.d4 Nf6
• Norwegian Defence of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 b5 5.Bb3 Na5
• Nottingham Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Be3 Bg7 7.Be2 Nc6 8.Nb3
• Novosibirsk Variation of the Dunst Opening – 1.Nc3 c5 2.d4 cxd4 3.Qxd4 Nc6 4.Qh4
• Novosibirsk Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e5 6.Ndb5 d6 7.Bg5 a6 8.Na3 b5 9.Bxf6 gxf6 10.Nd5 Bg7
• Nuremberg Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 f6

O

• Odessa Variation of the King's Indian – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Nf3 O-O 6.Be2 e5 7.O-O Nc6 8.d5 Ne7 9.Bg5
• Omaha Gambit of the Vienna Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 d6 3.f4
• Oxford Variation of the Vienna Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 Nxe4 5.d3
• Oxford Gambit of the Four Knights Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.d4 Bb4 5.d5 Nd4

P

• Paris Defence (or Semi-Italian Opening) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 d6
• Paris Gambit – 1.Nh3 d5 2.g3 e5 3.f4 (intending 3...Bxh3 4.Bxh3 exf4 5.0-0)
• Paris Opening (or Amar Opening) – 1.Nh3
• Persian Opening - 1.c3 c5 2.Qa4 Nf6 3.g4
• Peruvian Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 c5
• Philippine Attack of the Pirc Defense - 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.Bg5 Bg7 5.f4
• Podebrady Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Nc6 6.Bg5 e6 7.Nb3
• Polish Opening (or Orangutan) – 1.b4
• Polish Defence – 1.d4 b5 or 1.Nf3 Nf6 2.g3 b5
• Polish Attack – 1.Nf3 Nf6 2.b4
• Polish Gambit – 1.e4 b5 2.Bxb5 c6
• Polish Gambit of the Anderssen Opening – 1.a3 a5 2.b4
• Polish Variation of the Indian Game – 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 b5
• Portuguese Gambit of the Scandinavian Defence – 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 3.d4 Bg4 4.f3 Bf5 5.Bb5+ Nbd7
• Portuguese Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Bb5
• Prague Variation of the Tarrasch Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.g3 Nf6
• Prussian Game (or Two Knights Defence) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6
• Pyrenees Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 b5

R

• Riga Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Nxe4 6.d4 exd4
• Rio de Janeiro Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6 4.0-0 Nxe4 5.d4 Be7
• Romanian Opening (or Dunst Opening) – 1.Nc3
• Romanian Defense of the Wing Gambit – 1.e4 c5 2.b4 cxb4 3.a3 d5 4.exd5 Qxd5 5.Nf3 e5 6.Bb2 Nc6 7.c4 Qe6
• Russian Defence of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 d6
• Russian Game (or Petrov's Defence) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6

S

• San Francisco Gambit of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Na5 4.b4
• San Remo Variation of the Nimzo-Indian Defense – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Qc2 d5 5.a3 Bxc3+ 6.Qxc3 Ne4 7.Qc2 Nc6 8.e3 e5
• San Sebastian Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 c5 5.cxd5 Nxd5 6.e4 Nxc3 7.bxc3 cxd4 8.cxd4 Bb4+ 9.Bd2 Qa5
• Saragossa Opening – 1.c3
• Scandinavian Defence – 1.e4 d5
• Scheveningen Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e6
• Scotch Four Knights Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.d4
• Scotch Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.Bc4
• Scotch Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4
• Seattle Gambit of the Budapest Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dx5 Ng4 4.e4 h5
• Semi-Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nc3 (or 3.Nf3) e6
• Semmering Variation of the Semi-Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 c6 5.Nbd2 Nbd7 6.Bd3 c5
• Seville Variation of the Grünfeld Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4 c5 8.Ne2 Nc6 9.Be3 0-0 10.0-0 Bg4 11.f3 Na5 12.Bxf7+
• Siberian Attack of the Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.Qd3 d5 3.Nc3
• Siberian Trap in the Smith–Morra Gambit against the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.d4 cxd4 3.c3 dxc3 4.Nxc3 Nc6 5.Nf3 e6 6.Bc4 Qc7 7.0-0 Nf6 8.Qe2 Ng4! 9.h3?? (or 9.Bb3??) Nd4!^[4]
• Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5
• Sicilian Gambit (or Sicilian Wing Gambit) - 1.e4 c5 2.b4
• Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6
• Spanish Game (or Ruy Lopez) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5
• Stockholm Variation of the Englund Gambit – 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Nc6 3.Nf3 Qe7 4.Qd5
• Stockholm Variation of the Grünfeld Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Bg5
• St. Petersburg Variation of the Nimzo-Indian Defense – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e3 b6
• St. Petersburg Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Nxe4 6.d4 b5 7.Bb3 d5 8.dxe5 Be6 9.c3 Bc5 10.Nbd2
• Swedish Variation of the QGD, Tarrasch Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.g3 c4
• Swiss Gambit of the Bird's Opening – 1.f4 f5 2.e4
• Swiss Variation of the French Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bd3

T

• Tashkent Attack of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e5 Nh5 5.g4
• Transylvania Variation of the Vienna Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Bc4 Nxe4 4.Qh5 Nd6 5.Bb3 Nc6 6.Nb5
• Trencianske-Teplice Gambit of the Two Knights Defense – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 Bc5 5.Bxf7+ Ke7 6.d4
• Tuebingen Variation of the Polish Opening – 1.b4 Nh6
• Tuebingen Gambit of the Dunst Opening – 1.Nc3 Nf6 2.g4
• Turkish Gambit (or the Elephant Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 d5

U

• Ukrainian Variation of the Old Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5

V

• Valencia Opening (or Mieses Opening) – 1.d3 e5 2.Nd2
• Venezolana Variation of the Mieses Opening – 1.d3 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3
• Venice Attack of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.f3 e5 6.Bb5+ or 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e5 6.Bb5+
• Venice Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 c5 5.cxd5 Qb6
• Vienna Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3
• Vienna Gambit - 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.f4
• Vienna Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 Bb4 5.Bg5 dxc4 6.e4
• Vietnamese Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 b5
• Vinohrady Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g4 named after a district in Prague^[5]
• Volga Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 (named for the Volga River, the national river of Russia)
• Voronezh Variation of the Alekhine's Defence – 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6 cxd6 6.Nc3 g6 7.Be3 Bg7 8.Rc1 0-0 9.b3

W

• Warsaw Variation of the Dutch Defence – 1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3 c6
• Westphalia Defence in the Queen's Gambit Declined: An alternative name for the Manhattan Variation – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.Nf3 Bb4 or 5.e3 c5
• Wiesbaden Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 6.Ne5 e6
• Wilkes-Barre Variation of the Two Knights Defence – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 Bc5!?

Y

• Yerevan System of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 a6 3.Nc3
• Yugoslav Attack in the Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Be3 Bg7 7.f3
• Yugoslav Defence (or Pirc Defence) – 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6
• Yugoslav Variation of the Benko Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.bxa6 g6 6.Nc3 Bxa6 7.e4 Bxf1 8.Kxf1 d6 9.Nge2
• Yugoslav Variation of the King's Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.Nf3 d6 5.g3 0-0 6.Bg2 c5

Z

• Zagreb Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.g3
• Zaire Defence of the Queen's Knight Defence – 1.d4 Nc6 2.d5 Nb8 3.e4 Nf6 4.e5 Ng8
• Zurich Gambit – 1.d4 d5 2.g4
• Zurich Variation of the Nimzo-Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Qc2 Nc6

A number of less well-accepted ethnic chess opening names (including such gems as the "Anglo-Polish Dutch" – 1.c4 f5 2.b4) can be found in this list of chess opening names.

See also

• Chess opening
• List of chess openings
• List of chess openings named after people

External links

• Bill Wall's list of chess openings
• ECO Information and Index
• Chess Archaeology

Notes and References

1. http://www.chess.com/chessopedia/view/abbazia-defense Abbazia Defence
2. Hannes Langrock, The Modern Morra Gambit: A Dynamic Weapon Against the Sicilian, Russell Enterprises, 2006, pp. 219–20. .
3. Siegbert Tarrasch, The Game of Chess, David McKay, 1938, p. 341.
4. Hannes Langrock, The Modern Morra Gambit: A Dynamic Weapon Against the Sicilian, Russell Enterprises, 2006, p. 201. .
5. News: Lubomir Kavalek: The Vinohrady Variation. Kavalek. Lubomir. 2006-08-07. The Washington Post. 2009-10-29.