List of census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada explained

This is a list of the census metropolitan areas and agglomerations in Canada by population, using data from the 2021 Canadian census and the 2016 Canadian census.[1] Each entry is identified as a census metropolitan area (CMA) or a census agglomeration (CA) as defined by Statistics Canada.

A city's metropolitan area in colloquial or administrative terms may be different from its CMA as defined by Statistics Canada, resulting in differing populations. Such is the case with the Greater Toronto Area, where its metro population is notably higher than its CMA population due to its inclusion of the neighbouring Oshawa CMA to the east and the Burlington portion of the neighbouring Hamilton CMA to the west.[2]

In 2021, 27,465,137 people (71.9% of Canada's population) lived in a CMA, while 4,596,279 (12.0%) lived in a CA.

Recent growth

Between 2016 and 2021, the five CMAs with the highest percentage growth were located in British Columbia and Southern Ontario. The five CMAs with the lowest percentage growth were in Quebec, Alberta, Northern Ontario and Newfoundland and Labrador. There were no CMAs for which negative growth was recorded in the 2021 census. The five CAs that grew the fastest were in British Columbia, Southern Ontario, and Alberta, while the five CAs whose population declined the most were in New Brunswick, Saskatchewan, Northern British Columbia, Manitoba and Newfoundland and Labrador.

Between 2011 and 2016, the six fastest-growing CMAs by percentage growth were located in Western Canada, with Alberta's two CMAs, Calgary and Edmonton, leading the country. Saskatoon, Regina, and Lethbridge rounded out the top five in the country and each grew by at least 10%. Of the remaining 30 CMAs, population growth was recorded in all but two of them. Those that experienced population decline were Brantford and Saint John.[3] [4] [5] Ten of the fifteen fastest-growing CAs in Canada between the two most recent censuses were located in Alberta. The other five were located in British Columbia with two, and Manitoba, Ontario and Yukon each with one.

Between 2006 and 2011, twenty-four CAs experienced population decline. The fifteen CAs that experienced the greatest population decline were located in British Columbia (two), Manitoba (one), New Brunswick (one), Nova Scotia (three), Ontario (four) and Quebec (four). Okotoks experienced the greatest increase while Thompson experienced the greatest decline.[3] [4]

List

See also: List of North American metropolitan areas by population. Canada had 41 CMAs and 111 CAs at the 2021 census. The number of CMAs increased from 35 in 2016 with the promotion of the Nanaimo, Kamloops, Chilliwack, Fredericton, Drummondville and Red Deer CAs.[6] Overall, between promotion to CMA, absorption, and dissolution, the number of CAs decreased by seven. Amos was reinstated as a CA and Ladysmith, Trail and Essa were added as new CAs. The Carleton Place and Arnprior CAs were dissolved as they were added to the Ottawa–Gatineau CMA, the Leamington CA was dissolved as it was added to the Windsor CMA, and the Cold Lake and Bay Roberts CAs were dissolved as their urban population decreased below 10,000. 2016 rankings in the chart below are based on 2021 boundaries and exclude the five CAs dissolved in 2021 but include the four new/reinstated CAs.

Canada had 35 CMAs and 117 CAs at the 2016 census. The number of CMAs increased from 33 in 2011 with the promotion of the Belleville and Lethbridge CAs.[7] The number of CAs increased from 113 through the creation of eight new CAs – Arnprior, Carleton Place, Gander, Nelson, Sainte-Marie, Wasaga Beach, Weyburn and Winkler – the demotion of two CAs – Amos and Temiskaming Shores – and the promotion of Belleville and Lethbridge to CMAs.

Rank (2021)Rank (2016) Geographic name Province Type Population Change Land area (km2) Population density (/km2)
(2021)[8] (2016)
1 1 5902.75
2 2 CMA 4670.10
3 3 CMA 2878.93
4 5 CMA 8046.99
5 4 CMA 5098.68
6 6 CMA 9416.19
7 7 CMA 3499.46
8 8 CMA 5285.46
9 9 CMA 1373.15
10 10 CMA 1092.33
11 11 CMA 2661.48
12 12 CMA 7276.22
13 13 CMA 1397.09
14 14 CMA 1803.17
15 15 CMA 903.25
16 16 CMA 695.29
17 17 CMA 5864.48
18 18 CMA 4323.66
19 19 CMA 1458.10
20 22 CMA 2902.45
21 21 CMA 897.26
22 20 CMA 931.56
23 23 CMA 606.72
24 26 CMA 1919.17
25 24 CMA 4187.40
26 28 CMA 595.08
27 25 CMA 3133.53
28 27 CMA 1038.64
29 29 CMA 2562.47
30 30 CMA 1074.00
31 31 CMA 3505.66
32 32 CMA 1508.44
33 34 CMA 2958.96
34 33 CMA 2550.79
35 35 CMA 1279.28
36 36 CMA 5654.08
37 40 CMA 1444.02
38 37 CMA 1337.50
39 38 CMA 6014.66
40 39 2464.52
41 43 CMA 1094.36
42 41 CMA 104.34
43 42 CA 2457.21
44 44 CA 1117.20
45 46 CA 494.10
46 45 CA 17650.99
47 49 CA 3033.66
48 51 CA 1112.43
49 47 CA 802.58
50 48 CA 13106.11
51 50 CA 60957.21
52 52 CA 5314.85
53 53 CA 1597.68
54 55 CA 1041.09
55 54 CA 132.71
56 58 CA 624.33
57 56 CA 509.21
58 57 CA 259.38
59 60 CA 1232.81
60 59 CA 772.93
61 61 CA 378.10
62 62 CA 108.66
63 63 CA 729.98
64 65 CA 373.22
65 67 CA 1734.72
66 71 CA 56.46
67 64 CA 2732.53
68 66 CA 2537.68
69 72 CA 108.56
70 68 CA 5963.57
71 70 CA 170.31
72 69 CA 2955.33
73 73 CA 1734.05
74 74 CA 1984.24
75 75 CA 843.44
76 77 CA 365.21
77 76 CA 2066.47
78 78 CA 3539.98
79 82 CA 28.53
80 80 CA 30.02
81 79 CA 624.18
82 86 CA 872.19
83 92 CA 8465.21
84 81 CA 576.87
85 83 CA 2100.05
86 93 CA 409.41
87 88 CA 81.81
88 87 CA 38.55
89 85 CA 194.92
90 89 CA 543.02
91 84 CA 1122.58
92 91 CA 617.73
93 95 CA 405.92
94 99 CA 60.75
95 90 CA 1750.44
96 96 CA 7564.06
97 98 CA 4563.87
98 97 CA 607.05
99 94 CA 682.89
100 100 CA 1633.13
101 107 CA 57.42
102 105 CA 33.15
103 110 CA 105.43
104 101 CA 553.40
105 103 CA 12422.14
106 102 CA 21708.62
107 106 CA 279.92
108 104 CA 1582.36
109 112 CA 22.41
110 111 CA 103.37
111 120 CA 210.96
112 109 CA 1623.32
113 121 CA 165.42
114 113 CA 9721.84
115 108 CA 1118.54
116 119 CA 1224.30
117 116 CA 2298.16
118 117 CA 41.67
119 118 CA 1129.78
120 127 CA 22.20
121 114 CA 865.87
122 122 CA 164.70
123 123 CA 125.12
124 115 CA 11716.80
125 124 CA 799.80
126 126 CA 37.56
127 125 CA 278.80
128 129 CA 24.25
129 136 CA 68.47
130 132 CA 412.01
131 128 CA 647.75
132 139 CA 46.87
133 130 CA 211.65
134 133 CA 18.21
135 137 CA 26.98
136 141 CA 22.19
137 134 CA 279.13
138 147 CA 108.66
139 135 CA 54.84
140 148 CA 12.73
141 143 CA 3303.63
142 145 CA 2412.67
143 146 CA 20.59
144 131 CA 1525.45
145 144 CA 24.72
146 142 CA 107.55
147 138 CA 16.62
148 140 CA 793.36
149 149 CA 18.75
150 150 CA 828.28
151 151 CA 12.91
152 152 CA 696.06

See also

External links

Notes and References

  1. Web site: Population and dwelling counts, for census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, 2016 and 2011 censuses (table). 2016 Census. . . February 19, 2017.
  2. Web site: What's the difference between the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) and CMA Toronto (census metropolitan area)? . . May 9, 2001 . August 5, 2013 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20100409123126/http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/datalib/caq/g1.htm . April 9, 2010 .
  3. Web site: Population and dwelling counts, for census metropolitan areas and census agglomerations, 2011 and 2006 censuses (table). 2011 Census. . . February 8, 2012 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20120722133227/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=201&S=3&O=D&RPP=150 . July 22, 2012 .
  4. Web site: The Canadian Population in 2011: Population Counts and Growth . . . 13 - 17 . February 2012 . October 12, 2014 . live . https://web.archive.org/web/20130702225851/http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-310-x/98-310-x2011001-eng.pdf . July 2, 2013 .
  5. Web site: The Daily — Population size and growth in Canada: Key results from the 2016 Census . Statistics Canada . 29 April 2018. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20170210133245/http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/170208/dq170208a-eng.htm. 10 February 2017.
  6. Web site: Dictionary, Census of Population, 2021 Changes to the name and number of CMAs and CAs for the 2021 Census . . 2021-11-17 . 2023-07-03 . https://web.archive.org/web/20230403173554/https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/ref/dict/az/Definition-eng.cfm?ID=geo009 . 2023-04-03 . live . For the 2021 Census, Fredericton (N.B.), Drummondville (Que.), Red Deer (Alta.), Kamloops (B.C.), Chilliwack (B.C.) and Nanaimo (B.C.), which were all CAs in 2016, became CMAs, while Saint‑Hyacinthe (Que.) is now subdivided into census tracts because its core population was at least 50,000 in the previous census. Five new CAs were created: Sainte‑Agathe‑des‑Monts (Que.), Amos (Que.), Essa (Ont.), Trail (B.C.) and Ladysmith (B.C.). ... The CAs of Bay Roberts (N.L.), and Cold Lake (Alta.) were retired because the population of their cores dropped below 10,000 in 2016..
  7. Web site: November 16, 2016. Statistical Area Classification - Variant of SGC 2016 (Census metropolitan area and census agglomeration). live. https://web.archive.org/web/20161116230501/http://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/subjects/standard/sgc/2016/introduction#a5.1. November 16, 2016. November 16, 2016. Statistics Canada. There are 35 CMAs and 117 CAs in 2016. Two new CMAs were created: Belleville (Ont.) and Lethbridge (Alta.). Eight new CAs were created: Gander (N.L.), Sainte-Marie (Que.), Arnprior (Ont.), Carleton Place (Ont.), Wasaga Beach (Ont.), Winkler (Man.), Weyburn (Sask.) and Nelson (Alta.). The CAs of Amos (Que.) and Temiskaming Shores (Ont.) were retired because the population of their cores dropped below 10,000 in 2011..
  8. Web site: Population and dwelling counts: Census metropolitan areas, census agglomerations and census subdivisions (municipalities)1. live. https://web.archive.org/web/20220209181811/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000301. 2022-02-09. 2023-06-07. Statistics Canada.

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